EP3761336A1 - Chambre d'extinction blindée - Google Patents
Chambre d'extinction blindée Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3761336A1 EP3761336A1 EP20183952.9A EP20183952A EP3761336A1 EP 3761336 A1 EP3761336 A1 EP 3761336A1 EP 20183952 A EP20183952 A EP 20183952A EP 3761336 A1 EP3761336 A1 EP 3761336A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- extinguishing gas
- contacts
- switch
- extinguishing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
- H01H33/121—Load break switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7084—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by movable parts influencing the gas flow
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switch disconnector, in particular for medium-voltage switchgear, with an encapsulated extinguishing chamber containing an extinguishing gas, a first contact and a second contact being provided in the extinguishing chamber, at least the first contact being movable relative to the second contact so that the contacts can be separated from each other and brought into connection with each other, and a compression chamber containing extinguishing gas, which is reduced in size by a piston during the separation of the contacts, and at least one extinguishing gas channel emanating from the compression chamber with a nozzle which is suitable for extinguishing gas in the direction of a separation distance between to direct the contacts.
- Switch disconnectors are known and are widely used in medium-voltage systems. When the contacts of switch disconnectors are disconnected under load, switching arcs occur between the contacts, which can cause thermal damage to the contacts and must therefore be extinguished quickly. To extinguish the arcs, the contacts are arranged in a chamber which is usually filled with an extinguishing gas. The extinguishing gas not only serves to isolate the separated contacts, but it is also used to blow and cool a switching arc during switching. Due to its extremely good insulating properties, SF 6 has so far been used as the extinguishing gas. Due to the high global warming potential of SF 6, there are considerable efforts to replace SF 6 with other insulation gases or insulation gas mixtures such as gas mixtures containing fluoroketones or fluoronitriles. However, these gas mixtures generally have poorer insulation properties.
- a switch disconnector is known with a container containing an extinguishing gas at a so-called ambient pressure and switch contacts arranged therein, one of which is linearly movable.
- the switch also has a compression chamber arranged in the container, in which extinguishing gas is compressed by a piston connected to the movable contact while the switch contacts are being separated.
- the extinguishing gas is led through a channel in the direction of a separating distance between the opening contacts in order to blow a switching arc that forms when the contacts are separated.
- the nozzle at the end of the channel is designed in such a way that the extinguishing gas is blown essentially radially onto the separating distance from all sides. This creates a stagnation point through which the arc is to be constricted, thereby cooled and ultimately extinguished.
- One object of the present invention is to create a compact switch-disconnector which enables a switching arc to be extinguished easily and efficiently.
- a switch disconnector with the features of claim 1 in that the encapsulated extinguishing chamber is divided by the piston into a switching space in which the contacts can be brought into contact with one another and the compression space, and that the at least one extinguishing gas channel is Compression chamber connects to the switch room, the nozzle being provided at the switch room end of the extinguishing gas channel and being oriented at an angle in the range from 10 to 45 ° to the separating distance.
- an isolating distance is understood to mean the clear distance that exists between the contact pair when the switch is open, the distance being defined for a contact pair with a movable contact by the path of a central point, the intersection of a central axis of the movable contact with is a plane which runs perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movable contact and through an area in which the movable contact can be in contact with the other contact of the contact pair. If both contacts of the contact pair are movable, the isolating distance is defined by the path of the central points of both movable contacts. The route can be linear or curved.
- the essence of the invention consists in blowing a switching arc in a targeted manner via the flow of the quenching gas directed according to the claims.
- the flow replaces the ionized extinguishing gas that conducts the switching arc with the not yet ionized extinguishing gas.
- the switching arc is extinguished extremely efficiently when the flow is incident on the isolating distance at an acute angle of 10 to 45 °.
- the flow is generated in particular by the fact that the extinguishing gas is compressed in the compression chamber during the switching process.
- the extinguishing gas can be compressed in that a wall of the compression space is coupled to the movement of the at least one movable contact.
- the piston dividing the quenching chamber can expediently be provided with a be coupled movable contact so that the piston moves when the movable contact moves.
- the at least one extinguishing gas channel runs through the piston.
- the first contact can be surrounded by a sleeve in which the at least one quenching gas channel is arranged.
- the sleeve can preferably be firmly connected to the first contact that it surrounds, and thus also to the piston, and in particular be formed in one piece therewith.
- the sleeve can be provided in a stationary manner in the chamber, so that the first contact moves within the sleeve, the piston then preferably being firmly connected to the first contact.
- the at least one extinguishing gas channel can, for example, be guided past the contact as a comparatively narrow channel tube or partially or completely encompass one of the contacts like a ring.
- several extinguishing gas channels are provided, which are arranged around one of the contacts, in particular evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that a switching arc is uniformly blown with extinguishing gas from several sides. It is also advantageous if the nozzles of the channels are arranged in two or more planes lying one behind the other in the axial direction of one of the contacts. As a result, a larger area of the isolating distance can be blown comparatively evenly with extinguishing gas.
- the first contact has a contact pin and the second contact has a tulip contact.
- Cooperating contact pairs consisting of contact pin and tulip contact are known per se. Usually, when the contacts are closed, the contact pin moves into the tulip contact with a linear movement. If the tulip is designed as a movable contact, the central point defining the separating distance lies in a plane which runs through the contact points of the contact fingers of the tulip contact and on the central longitudinal axis of the tulip contact.
- the invention is of particular advantage in the case of contact pairs made up of a contact pin and a tulip, since the switching arc usually does not run along the isolating distance, but rather at an angle to it from the contact pin to the Contact surfaces of the tulip contact runs so that the quenching gas flow crosses a switching arc.
- the relative movement of the contact pin and tulip contact to one another is usually axial.
- the tulip contact sits in a cup, in the wall of which, in particular the side wall, at least one opening connecting the interior of the cup to the surroundings of the cup in the switch room is provided. If the contacts are separated from one another, this creates a negative pressure not only in the switch room, but especially within the tulip contact, by which the extinguishing gas flow guided through the channels is accelerated even further.
- the switch disconnector according to the invention is preferably designed precisely with a first and a second contact.
- FIG 1 an inventive switch disconnector is shown in the open switch position.
- FIG 2 the same switch-disconnector is shown in a switching position during the opening or closing of the switch.
- the switch-disconnector has an encapsulated extinguishing chamber 1 containing an extinguishing gas.
- a first contact with a contact pin 2 and a second contact with a tulip contact 4 arranged in a cup 3 are provided in the quenching chamber.
- the contact pin 2 is arranged at the front end of a bolt 5, which is passed through the bottom wall 6 of the arcing chamber 1 and the lower end of which forms a first switch pole 7.
- the tulip contact 4 is connected to an outside of the arcing chamber 1 arranged switch pole 8 electrically connected.
- Both contacts are arranged concentrically to a longitudinal axis L, in the direction of which the bolt 5 is axially movable, so that the contact pin 2 can be inserted into the tulip contact 4 to establish a conductive connection, and the contact pin 2 and tulip contact 4 can be separated from each other again .
- a shoulder is formed at the transition between contact pin 2 and pin 4.
- a piston 9 is seated on the shoulder and separates the extinguishing chamber 1 into a switching space 11, in which the contact pin 2 and tulip contact 4 are arranged, and a compression space 12.
- the piston 9 is connected in a gas-tight manner to a sleeve 13 which extends concentrically around the contact pin 2 and projects beyond it.
- the inside diameter of the sleeve 13 is such that it encloses the cup 3 when the contact pin 2 moves into the tulip contact 4.
- the compression space 12 is connected to the switching space 11 via a multiplicity of extinguishing gas ducts 14, 15 which are guided through the piston 9 and the sleeve 13.
- the extinguishing gas ducts 14, 15 starting from their end on the compression chamber side, initially run parallel to the longitudinal axis L and then bend at an obtuse angle towards the longitudinal axis L so that their longitudinal axis extends to their outlet opening 16, 17 (nozzle) on the Inside of the sleeve 11 run at an acute angle ⁇ , ⁇ to the longitudinal axis L and thus to the separating distance T.
- the angle ⁇ , ⁇ of the longitudinal axis of the extinguishing gas duct in the area of its outlet opening (nozzle) to the longitudinal axis L and thus to the separating distance between the opened contacts is preferably in a range of about 10 to 45 °, the exit angle of all nozzles 16, 17 being the same, but can also be different from each other.
- the nozzles 16, 17 are arranged on the inside of the sleeve 13 in two planes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, with the nozzles 16, 17 of the planes each being arranged evenly offset to one another, so that the separation distance is blown with extinguishing gas over a wider area, wherein the top of the two nozzle planes in the illustration intersects the rounded head of the contact pin 2.
- Figure 4 shows a second contact formed with a tulip contact in a preferred embodiment.
- the tulip contact sits with its contact fingers 21 in a cup 22, on the open end of which an annular erosion contact 23 is provided.
- the cup 22 has near its bottom distributed over its circumference several openings 24a, 24b, 24c which connect the interior of the cup 22 with the environment of the contact.
- the through-openings in the cup also ensure that the extinguishing gas flow from the nozzles 16, 17 can flow through the cup 4, 22 relatively unhindered. There is no significant dynamic pressure at the end of the cup opening which opposes the flow of the extinguishing gas from the nozzles 16, 17. As a result, the flow rate of the extinguishing gas emerging from the nozzles 16, 17 can be maximized.
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- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019118267.0A DE102019118267A1 (de) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Gekapselte Löschkammer |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3761336A1 true EP3761336A1 (fr) | 2021-01-06 |
| EP3761336C0 EP3761336C0 (fr) | 2024-11-06 |
| EP3761336B1 EP3761336B1 (fr) | 2024-11-06 |
Family
ID=71465204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20183952.9A Active EP3761336B1 (fr) | 2019-07-05 | 2020-07-03 | Chambre d'extinction blindée |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3761336B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE102019118267A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116210068A (zh) * | 2021-09-20 | 2023-06-02 | 郑宇程 | 一种接触器 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3247121A1 (de) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-07-07 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo | Schaltungsunterbrecher von gaspuffertyp |
| EP0483840A2 (fr) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-05-06 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Disjoncteur à haute tension |
| EP2445068A1 (fr) * | 2009-06-17 | 2012-04-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Appareil à isolation gazeuse |
| WO2017207763A1 (fr) | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Interrupteur coupe-charge basse ou moyenne tension isolé au gaz |
-
2019
- 2019-07-05 DE DE102019118267.0A patent/DE102019118267A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-07-03 EP EP20183952.9A patent/EP3761336B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3247121A1 (de) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-07-07 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo | Schaltungsunterbrecher von gaspuffertyp |
| EP0483840A2 (fr) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-05-06 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Disjoncteur à haute tension |
| EP2445068A1 (fr) * | 2009-06-17 | 2012-04-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Appareil à isolation gazeuse |
| WO2017207763A1 (fr) | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Interrupteur coupe-charge basse ou moyenne tension isolé au gaz |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116210068A (zh) * | 2021-09-20 | 2023-06-02 | 郑宇程 | 一种接触器 |
| EP4407650A4 (fr) * | 2021-09-20 | 2025-09-24 | Yu Ching Cheng | Contacteur |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102019118267A1 (de) | 2021-01-07 |
| EP3761336C0 (fr) | 2024-11-06 |
| EP3761336B1 (fr) | 2024-11-06 |
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