EP3762128A1 - Adsorbeur avec au moins une grappe de plusieurs modules d'adsorbant - Google Patents
Adsorbeur avec au moins une grappe de plusieurs modules d'adsorbantInfo
- Publication number
- EP3762128A1 EP3762128A1 EP19715147.5A EP19715147A EP3762128A1 EP 3762128 A1 EP3762128 A1 EP 3762128A1 EP 19715147 A EP19715147 A EP 19715147A EP 3762128 A1 EP3762128 A1 EP 3762128A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- modules
- cluster
- purification unit
- unit according
- adsorber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XXONZJKORUUFIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-sulfanylpyridine-2-sulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=NC=CC=C1S XXONZJKORUUFIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102100027271 40S ribosomal protein SA Human genes 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000694288 Homo sapiens 40S ribosomal protein SA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000803 paradoxical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0423—Beds in columns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
- B01D2257/104—Oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/502—Carbon monoxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/403—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using three beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/406—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using more than four beds
- B01D2259/4062—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using more than four beds using six beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/406—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using more than four beds
- B01D2259/4068—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using more than four beds using more than ten beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Definitions
- Adsorber with at least one cluster of several adsorbent modules
- the present invention relates to a purification unit by adsorption of a gaseous mixture comprising at least one adsorber comprising at least one cluster of N identical adsorbent modules and operating in parallel.
- Adsorption is widely used to purify or separate gases.
- the separation of n and iso paraffins, the separation of xylenes, alcohols, the production of nitrogen or oxygen from atmospheric air, deballasting of flue gas C02, blast furnace gas can be mentioned.
- On the purification side we find driers, the purification of hydrogen or helium, the purification of gas rich in methane, the adsorption of trace impurities in many fluids (mercury stop, NOx, sulfur products, etc.). ).
- adsorption processes employing adsorption are of several types depending on whether the adsorbent is regenerable or not in situ. We therefore speak of adsorption "lost load” that is to say to renew when the product is saturated with impurities (we also use in this case the term “guard bed” to qualify such purification) or adsorption cycles in the other case.
- PSA denote any process for purifying or separating gas by implementing a cyclic variation in the pressure seen by the adsorbent between a high pressure, called the adsorption pressure, and a low pressure. said regeneration pressure.
- this generic name of PSA is used indifferently to designate the following cyclic processes, to which it is also common to give more specific names depending on the pressure levels involved or the time required for an adsorber to return to its initial point (cycle time):
- VSA processes in which the adsorption is carried out substantially at atmospheric pressure, preferably between 0.95 and 1.25 bar abs and the desorption pressure is below atmospheric pressure, typically from 50 to 400 mbar abs; MPSA or VPSA processes in which the adsorption is carried out at a high pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, typically between 1.35 and 6 bar abs, and the desorption at a low pressure below atmospheric pressure, generally between 200 and 650 mbar abs;
- the high pressure is substantially greater than atmospheric pressure, typically between 3 and 50 bar abs and the low pressure substantially equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure, generally between 1 and 9 bar abs;
- RPSA processes for which the duration of the pressure cycle is typically less than one minute
- the adsorbent is housed in a tank called adsorber.
- adsorbers Various types of adsorbers are used depending on the flows involved or the local economic conditions: vertical axis cylindrical adsorber, horizontal axis cylindrical adsorber, radial adsorber. Small to medium sized vertical axis cylindrical adsorber assemblies are also used in parallel to replace a larger single adsorber.
- clusters or groups
- the basic element being a "small" adsorber comprising a shell containing an adsorbent, an inlet and an outlet being called module (or volume), terms that we retain by the after.
- a cluster can therefore be defined as a set of several modules.
- small adsorber means an adsorber having a diameter of 0.4 to 2.5 meters and a height of 0.4 to 5m for volumes ranging from about 50 liters to 25 m 3 .
- small adsorber means an adsorber having a diameter of 0.4 to 2.5 meters and a height of 0.4 to 5m for volumes ranging from about 50 liters to 25 m 3 . It may seem paradoxical to want to replace, for example, an adsorber of volume V by four V / 4 volume adsorbers, but a detailed analysis of the final cost price makes it possible to explain this fact.
- the graph la shows a manifold 1 supplying the fluid 4 with the 3 sub volumes 10, 20, 30 via 3 identical conduits 11, 21, 31. It is known that if the speed of the fluid in the manifold 1 is sufficiently low, it can be considered that all the collector 1 is at equilibrium, that is to say in practice that the pressure variations due to both friction and speed variations after each branching (11, 21) are negligible compared to other pressure variations in the system under consideration. In this way, the sub flows 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 may be identical and each equal to one third of the flow rate of the fluid 4. It will also be noted that this system does not add pressure losses to the unit and that, on the contrary, the makes the collector widely sized, it minimizes them.
- Graph lb illustrates another conventional solution. Because of the higher speed in the manifold, it is no longer equi-pressure but undergoes the pressure changes due to friction and speed variations after each branch, with respectively Vl>V2> V3. To fix the ideas, at the scale of the graphs, the factor 2 between the diameters of the collector of the graph la and the collector of the graph lb leads to a factor 4 on the section and therefore the speeds which itself will lead in first approximation at a factor of 16 on pressure variations at the same rate. In this case, the solution to obtain a good distribution of the fluid between the modules 10, 20 and 30 is to add a significant pressure drop DP via for example an identical calibrated orifice respectively referenced 13, 23, 33 on the branches 11, 21 and 31.
- the unit is fed with a charge gas 1 at atmospheric pressure or at a pressure of a few bars.
- This gas is separated into two fractions: the fraction 4 which contains the least adsorbable compounds and the fraction 5 which contains the most adsorbable constituents and is extracted via the vacuum pump 6.
- the adsorber 3 has been represented in the form of 6 identical modules 3.1 to 3.6, whereas the adsorber 2 has been represented only globally as comparison.
- the smooth running of the cycle envisaged here requires the valves 12 and 13 on the supply side, 32 and 33 to extract the fraction 5, 22 and 23 on the production side of the fluid 4 and the valve 24 for transfers between adsorbers 2 and 3.
- the manifolds 7 and 8 are located between the process valves and form an integral part of the adsorber. In particular, they undergo the same pressure variations as the adsorbent, and are therefore pressurized or depressurized like him.
- the adsorber 3 in addition to the collectors 7 and 8, it is necessary to take into account the inlet pipes of each module, namely 7.1 to 7.6 and the outlet pipes 8.1 to 8.6. It is conceivable that the dead volumes of the adsorber 3 can be much greater than those of the adsorber 2. This will be particularly the case if one wants to distribute the different flows identically between the 6 modules by limiting the losses of charge in the common collectors 7 and 8 of the adsorber 3.
- the volume of the collectors of the adsorber 3, in such a configuration may be higher by about an order of magnitude than that which the collector would have a single adsorber, such as the representation of the adsorber 2, containing the same overall volume of adsorbent.
- the feed gas contained at the end of the adsorption stage in this manifold will be largely lost, that is to say it will be pumped and leave with the fluid 5.
- fraction 5 the feed gas with its least adsorbable constituents pollutes the production and this additional gas, as we have just seen. see, must also be compressed. If we want to value the two fractions 4 and 5, then we combine these 2 disadvantages.
- these volumes associated with the adsorbers but which do not participate directly in the separation are called “dead” volumes as opposed to the active volumes or volumes of adsorbent.
- Collectors often represent only a small part of these dead volumes, say 10 to 35% of the total dead volumes, the bulk of these volumes being generally inside the adsorber itself. In the system as described above, we will generally have the opposite phenomenon and these linked dead volumes collectors can become preponderant and play very negatively on performance.
- the dead volumes linked to the collectors are essentially a function of the flow rate treated by the adsorption unit while the volume of adsorbent installed depends on the quantity of gas to be treated per cycle, that is, that is to say, of the feed rate but also directly of the cycle time and more particularly the adsorption time. It is known that one of the strong tendencies in the sizing of PSA type units is to reduce the cycle time to minimize the amount of adsorbent to be used and hence the investment. It may be remembered that the solution consisting in enlarging the collectors to achieve a good distribution of the fluids through the different modules is difficult to apply to the PSAs, especially since the cycles used are short.
- Roots type machines whose volume flow rate is constant in first approximation are generally used in this type of process and the compression energy is proportional to the upstream-downstream pressure difference of the pump.
- Introducing a pressure drop of 50 mbar measured at atmospheric pressure on the evacuation circuit of the modules will penalize pumping throughout the stage. Note that given the choice of the machine, this pressure drop will evolve as a first approximation as the suction pressure of the vacuum pump.
- a pressure drop to ensure good distribution generally does not apply to low pressure adsorption processes, especially if they include a vacuum regeneration step.
- one or the other of the solutions described may be the best solution in the case of guard bed, TSA type unit with cycle times relatively long (greater than 1 hour for example) or in the case of units operating under pressure as certain synthesis gas desiccation / decarbonation units for which the adsorption and regeneration take place at more than 10 bar, or even more of 20 bar abs.
- a solution of the present invention is a purification unit by adsorption of a gaseous mixture comprising at least one adsorber comprising at least one cluster of IM identical adsorbent modules and operating in parallel, with N> 2, each cluster of N modules adsorbent comprising:
- a common input collector comprising an Xe axis input right channel supplying N input pipes Tei with i ranging from 1 to N, respectively connected to the inputs El, with i ranging from 1 to N, from the N modules; of said cluster,
- a common output collector comprising an X-axis right output channel collecting the outgoing flow of the N output pipes Tsi with i ranging from 1 to N, respectively connected to the outputs Si, with i ranging from 1, N modules; said cluster,
- the N inputs Ei of the N modules are substantially located on a first circle centered on the axis Xe or Xs,
- N modules are substantially located on a second circle centered on the axis Xe or Xs,
- the input manifolds Tei Tei are of substantially identical geometries
- the N outlet tubes Tsi are of substantially identical geometry
- the inlet manifold will comprise between the right inlet channel and the inlet pipes a separation piece.
- the outlet manifold will comprise between the outlet pipes and the right outlet channel a collection piece.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrate the principles of the invention on a simple case.
- Its input El at the bottom, is connected to the common input Xe axis collector through the input manifold Tel.
- Its output SI at the upper part, is connected to the Xs axis output collector via the output pipe Tsl.
- the Xe and Xs axes are merged to form the single axis 6 and on the one hand the 3 inlet manifolds, on the other hand, the 3 outlet pipes are geometrically identical to those shown in FIG. 3 (straight length, elbow, straight length).
- Figure 4 is a bottom view of the cluster of 3 modules (1,2,3) constituting one of the adsorbers of the PSA unit.
- the inputs of the modules are now marked (E1, E2, E3) and the input pipes (Tel, Te2, Te3).
- the 3 inputs (E1, E2, E3) are on the circle (7).
- the angles between the inlet pipes (marked angle (6) between the modules 1 and 3) each measure about 120 °.
- the word "substantially” used in the definition of the alignment of the axes of the collectors, the position of the inputs and outputs of the modules, the identical geometry of the tubes here means "to the usual tolerances of realization close".
- tolerances concern both the construction of the various elements, their location and connection on the site, and the slight modifications that may occur when the unit is in operation (effect of temperature, pressure, stress, etc.) .
- the tolerances considered here are the normal tolerances corresponding to this type of unit.
- the Xe and Xs axes may not be totally vertical as shown but deferred from the vertical by a few degrees.
- the respective centers common collectors input and output may be removed from a centimeter for example. This means that the realization of unity is done according to the classical rules of art for an industrial unit without adding additional constraints that could possibly improve the distribution of fluids in the different modules operating in parallel but would increase the cost and / or make it more difficult to achieve.
- the method according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:
- the length of the right inlet channel is greater than 3 times its diameter, preferably at 5 times its diameter
- the length of the right outlet channel is greater than 3 times its diameter, preferably at 5 times its diameter; this characteristic as well as the previous one allow to have approximately homogeneous current lines and parallel to the wall at the place of the separation or meeting of current in order not to privilege this or that module according to the presence for example of an elbow or a tee too close to this area. If one does not pay much attention to this point, one can obtain major distribution defects between modules;
- the right inlet channel and / or the right outlet channel comprise inside a system for homogenizing the circulation of the gaseous mixture to be purified or purified; this makes it possible to obtain a regular flow in the common collectors in the areas of collection (separation, meeting) of the pipes.
- This device must imperatively be used if by construction, it is impossible to have a straight length of sufficient common collector, that is to say equal to several diameters or if due to other unavoidable dispersions in other sections piping, one seeks to have at this level a near perfect distribution, for example less than + or - 0.5%, or even about 0.25%.
- this is a fixed device installed in the common manifolds and not an adjustable system installed at the level of the tubes of each module.
- the sole purpose of the device in question is to approach upstream respectively input side and downstream output side of the speed profile which characterizes a fluid circulating in steady state in a straight pipe.
- the homogenization system is a static mixer or cross-type packing.
- the first circle and the second circles have substantially identical radii.
- This embodiment will be very generally retained as soon as the adsorbent is in the form of particles. It minimizes the risk of bypassing and makes it possible to obtain very regular interfaces between adsorbents or between adsorbent and support.
- other implementations such as a horizontal or angled arrangement, are possible and the inputs and outputs can be found on circles of different radii. By input and output, it is recalled that we want to signify here the center of the inlet and outlet ports of the modules.
- the connections of the inlet tubes Tes, i ranging from 1 to IM, the IM modules to the right input channel of the common inlet manifold are spaced at an angle of approximately 360 N degrees.
- Tel input tubing, i ranging from 1 to IM, IM modules to the input channel of the common input collector are spaced at an angle of about 360 / N degrees.
- Each adsorber comprises a cluster of 2 to 12 identical modules operating in parallel, preferably from 3 to 6 identical modules and operating in parallel.
- each adsorber comprises 2 to 5 clusters of 2 to 12 modules operating in parallel, preferably from 3 to 6 modules operating in parallel, with all the modules of the unit being identical.
- the clusters of N modules are of similar geometries. Indeed, the differences between the adsorbers will reside solely in the implantation and orientation of the different modules from one adsorber to another.
- said unit is a unit of the VSA 02 or MPSA 02 type comprising 1 to 4 adsorbers comprising 1 to 4 clusters of 3 to 6 modules.
- said unit is a V5A type unit CQ2, MPSA C02 or PSA CQ2 comprising 1 to 12 adsorbers comprising 1 to 6 clusters of 2 to 8 modules,
- said unit is a unit of the VSA CO or MPSA CO type comprising 1 to 8 adsorbers comprising 1 to 4 clusters of 3 to 6 modules.
- the H modules each comprise an adsorbent volume of between 50 liters and 25 cubic meters.
- FIG. 5 illustrates such an implantation in the case where each adsorber is formed by 4 clusters of identical modules. Only the first adsorber is shown and incompletely to avoid overloading the figure.
- the adsorber 1 is constituted by the clusters referenced 10, 20, 30 and 40. Each cluster comprises 3 modules such as 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 for the cluster 10.
- Each cluster has its input manifold (12, 22, 32, 42) and its output collector (14, ).
- the inlet manifolds of each module of the cluster 10 namely the manifolds Tel, Te2 and Te3 join on the manifold 12. It is the same at the outlet with the pipes Tsl, Ts2 and Ts3 and the common manifold 14.
- the 4 inlet manifolds of the 4 clusters connect to the separation part 4 located at the end of the right input channel of the inlet manifold 2 of the adsorber 1.
- the valve 3 located on this manifold makes it possible to carry out the pressure cycle. All the pipes downstream of this valve, including the distribution piece 4 are therefore part of the dead volumes on the supply side.
- the system of collecting the outputs of the modules and the clusters, very partially represented, is similar to the system implemented for the input.
- the M * K clusters constituting the said unit have a substantially identical geometrical configuration, the orientation in space of these clusters being able to be different.
- the 2-adsorber cycle comprises a step of producing oxygen at a rising pressure of about 1.4 to 1.55 bar abs, a cocurrent decompression step, a co-current decompression step with concurrent countercurrent pumping, a countercurrent pumping stage, two elution stages with production gas and gas resulting from decompression, a repressurization stage with simultaneously co-current of the atmospheric air and the gas resulting from a decompression, a final recompression with air and possibly with oxygen.
- the total cycle time is 38 seconds plus or minus 3 seconds depending on the particular conditions of the site.
- the tanks used are all identical with a cylindrical shell with a diameter of 2100 mm and a height of 1300 mm.
- the unit taken as an example is a unit of medium size, each adsorber consisting of a single cluster of 3 modules.
- the oxygen production ranges from about 33 to just over 40 t / d depending on the desired purity (from 90 to 93.5% mole), the choice of machines, adsorbents and local conditions (temperature, humidity, altitude, etc.) .
- the choice of machines and adsorbent is an essentially economic choice between investment and energy consumption.
- each module comprises an inlet opening connected to the inlet manifold, a spherical cap-shaped flow distributor or a highly perforated cylindrical shape playing the role of deflector, a bed of inert particles of diameter 25 or 40 mm allowing the fluid to be evenly distributed over the entire section of the adsorber, the adsorbent material, a system can reduce the dead volumes in the upper part and used to maintaining the bed, a second flow divider / manifold and an outlet opening connected to the outlet manifold.
- the adsorbent material consists, from the inlet to the outlet, in one or two layers adsorbent used to stop most of the moisture, CO2 and atmospheric pollutants, a zeolite layer both for retaining the last traces of impurities and participating in the separation 02 / N2 and one or two Lithium exchanged zeolite layers suitable for 02 / N2 separation. Phase change materials may be added to all or some of the zeolite beds. It will be noted in this connection that an additional interest related to the use of axial adsorbers in place of radial adsorbers is the greatest ease of implementing several different adsorbent layers that are here simply superimpose when filling.
- Each of the selected adsorbents is subject to a specific specification with their suppliers in order to have products with constant characteristics over time. This is particularly the case for particle size, density, adsorption characteristics.
- the modules are filled in workshop with specific tools and detailed protocols. Thus the differences between the modules of a unit are minimized. Manufacturing tolerances are the standard tolerances of this type of construction, that is to say of the order of a few millimeters. These tolerances have no impact on module performance. In practice, they are less than what can be achieved on radial adsorbers where the non-concentricity and the longitudinal bending of the grids can introduce rather higher effects.
- Figure 6 is a 3-dimensional view of the 3 modules constituting the cluster.
- the 3 pipes are connected to the common inlet manifold. This has a straight length of the order of 5 times the diameter before leaving perpendicularly via a bend.
- the diameter of the tubing is 200 or 250mm depending on the model and the diameter of the common manifold is 400 or 450 mm.
- the three tubings are connected at the same level, at 120 ° C from each other, and are geometrically identical.
- the tubing arrangement on the production side, in the upper part is identical with tubing with a diameter of 150 or 200 mm and a common collector of 300 mm.
- a static mixer (or lining) system G is provided to suppress the flow effects of a nearby tee (not shown).
- the axes of the straight portions of the collectors are aligned and the inputs and outputs of the modules, by reason of symmetry, are on circles of the same radius.
- the flow velocities of the gases in the various pipes are, depending on the case, from 15 to approximately 50 m / s.
- the cluster used here is exactly the same principle as one of the clusters in Figure 5.
- Figure 7 is a partial top view of the unit showing the 2 clusters of 3 modules with their tubings, positioned on a standard metal structure approximately 12 meters long and 2.5 meters wide, containing most of the pipes and valves of the unit and can be transported as is. The machines not shown in FIG.
- air compressor and vacuum pump are arranged outside the structure, in the extension of its major axis.
- a support system locally extending the metal structure is added to the upper part so as to hold 2 of the supporting feet of the 4 modules installed partially cantilevered.
- the differences between the branches allowing the separation of the fluids or their meeting for each cluster are minimal and essentially due to the presence of elbows or tees on the common collectors or the presence of more or less thick weld seams.
- An industrial embodiment corresponding to an MPSA 02 unit of intermediate size was taken as an example but it is conceivable that the principle of the invention can be applied to clusters comprising more modules, to adsorbers comprising for example 2 clusters of 3 modules.
- a possible solution in this case is to keep for an adsorber the configuration of Figure 7, another identical element being implanted in parallel and the machines positioned between the two structures. It has a great flexibility of implementation from the moment when one respects a symmetry vis-à-vis the modules, vis-à-vis the various clusters constituting an adsorber. With a single geometry for the modules, one can cover a whole range of production ranging for example for MPSA 02 from 15 to 120 t / day of oxygen.
- the invention will advantageously be applied to VSA and MPSA 02, PSA (in the broad sense) CO 2 or CO, these processes generally having a low pressure close to atmospheric pressure and very often lower than the latter. It can be used more generally when reducing dead volumes or pressure drops while ensuring a good distribution of fluids through the absorbent masses.
- the number of adsorbers used will depend on the separation envisaged and especially on the complexity of the pressure cycle involved. For the separations mentioned above, this number will preferably remain less than or equal to 4 for the production of oxygen. , at 6/8 for CO production, at 8/12 for C02 capture.
- the number of clusters and modules per cluster will mainly relate to the gas flow rate and the size chosen for the modules. Generally one to six clusters per adsorber and 2 to 6 modules per cluster will be used.
- the dimensions of the modules will generally be limited upwards by transport and downwards by an economic balance sheet (several small adsorbers to be compared to a medium-sized adsorber). Other criteria not mentioned here can favor the choice of several small adsorbers (ie clusters of N modules): evolution of the flow of the unit in time by adding modules, periodic change of the modules in pollution case. There is provided a wide range of possible dimensions for these modules, for example a diameter of 0.4 to 2.5 meters and a height of 0.4 to 5m for volumes ranging from about 50 liter to 25 m 3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1852051A FR3078635B1 (fr) | 2018-03-09 | 2018-03-09 | Adsorbeur avec au moins une grappe de plusieurs modules d'adsorbant |
| PCT/FR2019/050442 WO2019170978A1 (fr) | 2018-03-09 | 2019-02-27 | Adsorbeur avec au moins une grappe de plusieurs modules d'adsorbant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3762128A1 true EP3762128A1 (fr) | 2021-01-13 |
Family
ID=62683351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19715147.5A Pending EP3762128A1 (fr) | 2018-03-09 | 2019-02-27 | Adsorbeur avec au moins une grappe de plusieurs modules d'adsorbant |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11857911B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3762128A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN111971108B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3078635B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2020131506A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019170978A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3111281B1 (fr) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-08-05 | Air Liquide | Procédé de gestion d’une unité de traitement d’un gaz par adsorption à modulation de pression |
| FR3141076B1 (fr) * | 2022-10-20 | 2024-09-06 | Air Liquide | Module de distribution et commutation de gaz entre adsorbeurs |
| WO2024099802A1 (fr) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-05-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Dispositif de purification de gaz, module d'échange de récipient à gaz, et utilisation dudit module d'échange récipient à gaz/dispositif de purification de gaz dans un système de pile à combustible |
| FR3166308A1 (fr) * | 2024-09-13 | 2026-03-20 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Adsorbeur multi-cuves à raccordements fluidiques optimisés |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107243222A (zh) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-13 | 北京国电电科院节能技术有限公司 | 一种适用于烟气脱硫的活性焦脱硫装置 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2083732A (en) * | 1932-11-22 | 1937-06-15 | Pittsburgh Res Corp | Adsorbent apparatus |
| US2753950A (en) * | 1953-10-12 | 1956-07-10 | Stewart Warner Corp | Drying system for purging gas generator |
| AT386545B (de) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-09-12 | Voest Alpine Ag | Verfahren zum reinigen von gasen sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens |
| US4971609A (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1990-11-20 | Pawlos Robert A | Portable oxygen concentrator |
| DE19632359A1 (de) * | 1996-08-10 | 1998-02-19 | Heinz Potschies | Zahnbürstenhalter |
| GB0016893D0 (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2000-08-30 | Honeywell Normalair Garrett | Life support system |
| US7344686B2 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2008-03-18 | Mesoscopic Devices, Inc. | Desulfurization apparatus with individually controllable heaters |
| US7445660B2 (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2008-11-04 | Carleton Life Support Systems, Inc. | Method for operating gas generators in tandem |
| CA2510863C (fr) | 2005-06-27 | 2013-10-15 | John L. Warren | Processus et dispositif de production et de livraison d'une fraction de gaz enrichi |
| WO2007000050A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-04 | Wearair Oxygen Inc. | Procede et appareil de production et delivrance d'une fraction enrichie en gaz |
| WO2012118757A1 (fr) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-07 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Appareil et systèmes ayant un ensemble tête de soupape à va-et-vient et procédés d'adsorption d'oscillation associés à ceux-ci |
| CA2825148C (fr) * | 2011-03-01 | 2017-06-20 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Procedes d'elimination de contaminants de courant d'hydrocarbures par adsorption modulee et appareil et systemes s'y rapportant |
| US8888902B2 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2014-11-18 | Separation Design Group Llc | Portable oxygen enrichment device and method of use |
| GB2511357A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-09-03 | Walker Filtration Ltd | Banked purification system |
| CN204891534U (zh) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-23 | 中山市中叶环保科技有限公司 | 一种voc有机废气浓缩处理系统 |
| CN106111360A (zh) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 常熟理工学院 | 复合型旋流分离器 |
| JP6805770B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-12-23 | 株式会社Ihi | 気体濃縮装置 |
-
2018
- 2018-03-09 FR FR1852051A patent/FR3078635B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-02-27 EP EP19715147.5A patent/EP3762128A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-02-27 RU RU2020131506A patent/RU2020131506A/ru unknown
- 2019-02-27 US US16/979,279 patent/US11857911B2/en active Active
- 2019-02-27 WO PCT/FR2019/050442 patent/WO2019170978A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-02-27 CN CN201980025014.XA patent/CN111971108B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107243222A (zh) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-13 | 北京国电电科院节能技术有限公司 | 一种适用于烟气脱硫的活性焦脱硫装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111971108B (zh) | 2023-04-04 |
| FR3078635B1 (fr) | 2022-05-06 |
| US20200398212A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 |
| US11857911B2 (en) | 2024-01-02 |
| WO2019170978A1 (fr) | 2019-09-12 |
| CN111971108A (zh) | 2020-11-20 |
| FR3078635A1 (fr) | 2019-09-13 |
| RU2020131506A (ru) | 2022-03-24 |
| RU2020131506A3 (fr) | 2022-03-24 |
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