EP3764384A1 - Elektromechanisches stellglied mit selbstregulierter steuerung - Google Patents

Elektromechanisches stellglied mit selbstregulierter steuerung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3764384A1
EP3764384A1 EP20184103.8A EP20184103A EP3764384A1 EP 3764384 A1 EP3764384 A1 EP 3764384A1 EP 20184103 A EP20184103 A EP 20184103A EP 3764384 A1 EP3764384 A1 EP 3764384A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
magnetic
armature
electromechanical actuator
control coil
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP20184103.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3764384B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Luc Breheret
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G Cartier Technologies SAS
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G Cartier Technologies SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/001—Functional circuits, e.g. logic, sequencing, interlocking circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H2047/046—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current with measuring of the magnetic field, e.g. of the magnetic flux, for the control of coil current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electromechanical actuators with a control coil, in particular those used in motor vehicles, to fulfill various control or safety functions.
  • An electromechanical actuator with a control coil comprises a control coil, consisting of the winding of an electrical conductor intended to be supplied according to a nominal control voltage by a voltage or electric current source, a fixed armature with a magnetic core placed in an axial passage of the control coil and intended to conduct a magnetic field generated by an electric current flowing through the conductor of the control coil, and a movable armature to form with the fixed armature a closed magnetic circuit.
  • the movable frame comprises a part intended to be mechanically coupled to an external element intended to be moved.
  • the movable armature can be movable by translation or by rotation, and the actuator is used to produce a mechanical movement, for example the movement of a solenoid valve shutter.
  • the movable armature comprises a part carrying an electrical contact, to constitute an electromechanical relay.
  • the mobile frame is generally movable by rotation, a first end of the mobile frame being articulated according to a fixed hinge on the fixed frame.
  • the mobile armature comprises an intermediate section of the mobile armature, which is located opposite one end of the magnetic core, and which is made of a material capable of being attracted by the magnetic core when the control coil is supplied with electrical energy.
  • Elastic return means urge the movable armature to bring it back to a state of rest.
  • the movable armature When the control coil is not supplied with electrical energy, the movable armature is in its rest state, in which the intermediate section of the movable armature is away from the magnetic core. The movable frame is maintained in this state of rest by the elastic return means.
  • the control coil When the control coil is supplied with electrical energy according to a sufficient excitation electrical voltage, at least equal to a voltage which is designated by the expression switching voltage, the intermediate section of the movable armature is attracted by the core magnetic and the movable armature is moved against the elastic return means and comes into a working state, in which the intermediate section of the movable armature is near or in contact with the magnetic core.
  • the movable armature In its displacement between the rest state and the working state, the movable armature produces either the displacement of the external element in the case of an actuator intended to produce a mechanical displacement, or the modification of the state of electrical conduction of an electrical contact in the case of an electromechanical relay.
  • a free end of a contact section integral with the intermediate section of the movable armature is supported by a contact pad against a fixed working contact with an appropriate working force .
  • the working force is used to avoid any rebounds when the electromechanical relay is activated, to avoid any untimely electrical trips under the effect of vibrations, and to guarantee the achievement of a low contact resistance.
  • an electromechanical actuator installed in this vehicle to fulfill its control or safety functions, is normally in the working state, so that the control coil must be supplied with electrical energy, generally under the voltage of the on-board network.
  • the control coil is a resistive element having an electrical resistance R and receiving the voltage U from the on-board network of the vehicle.
  • the power consumed by the control coil when the electromechanical actuator is in its working state therefore varies as the square of the voltage of the on-board network, so that an on-board network voltage higher than the switch-on voltage leads to a large consumption of excess energy.
  • the electrical resistance R equivalent of the control coil tends to decrease, which further increases the power consumed by the electromechanical actuator.
  • the electromechanical actuators implemented in motor vehicles constitute a non-negligible source of energy loss, and a non-negligible source of heating of the surrounding electronic components, so that there is an advantage in reduce the energy consumption of electromechanical actuators, and reduce the inevitable heating that results.
  • the electromechanical actuators consume little energy when they are in the working state and that the voltage of the on-board network takes a usual value which, for its part, is generally significantly higher than the switching voltage. , of the order of 13.5 V to 15 V for a vehicle with a nominal battery voltage of 12 V.
  • width-modulated power supply made from electronic components such as microcontrollers driving field-effect transistors, so as to power the control coil under an average voltage slightly higher than the cut-in voltage.
  • PWM width-modulated power supply
  • This solution is, however, excessively expensive, since each electromechanical actuator must be supplied independently by a width-modulated power supply, and electronic components of the microcontroller type and field-effect transistors are relatively expensive.
  • width modulated power supplies have reaction rates, following changes in the input voltage, which are slower than the switching speed of electromechanical actuators such as electromechanical relays. This results in a lack of reliability, since a delay in the reaction of the width modulation power supply to a modification of the input voltage can cause an untimely switching of an electromechanical actuator supplied by said width modulation power supply.
  • the document EP 0172712 describes a plunger actuator which moves longitudinally inside a control coil equipped with a fixed magnetic armature.
  • the control coil is energized so as to maintain constant the magnetic flux during the movement of the plunger.
  • the coil control is associated with a freewheeling diode and is supplied by means of a transistor driven by a magnetic flux sensor disposed inside an additional air gap of the fixed magnetic armature.
  • An inexpensive control circuit is thus produced which enables the control coil to be supplied with a modulated voltage.
  • the additional air gap significantly increases the reluctance of the magnetic circuit, and requires supplying the control coil with additional electrical energy which defeats the need to reduce the energy consumed by the actuator in applications. automobiles.
  • EP 0172712 describes an embodiment comprising a potentiometer and an additional coil for modifying and adjusting the magnetic flux detected by the magnetic flux sensor.
  • This solution is however expensive, and imposes a constant supply voltage, which is not the case with the on-board voltage of a motor vehicle.
  • the document US 4,608,620 describes an electromechanical relay in which a magnetic shunt is placed in a fixed position in the vicinity of an operational air gap of the magnetic circuit, and a magnetic field sensor is placed between one end of the magnetic circuit and one end of the magnetic shunt.
  • the magnetic field sensor is thus placed in a bypass of the main magnetic field flowing through the magnetic circuit.
  • the document GB 2 259 188 describes a solenoid valve in which the control coil is supplied by an electronic circuit as a function of a signal communicated by a magnetic field sensor placed against a side branch of a fixed armature, away from the movable armature.
  • the electronic circuit associated with the magnetic field sensor makes it possible to reduce the power supply to the control coil after closing the magnetic circuit, to reduce the electrical energy consumed.
  • the position of the magnetic field sensor as illustrated in this document does not make it possible to have a signal to noise ratio allowing reliable control of the supply of the control coil in an environment disturbed by external magnetic fields as is the case in automotive applications.
  • a problem proposed by the present invention is to design inexpensive means for substantially reducing the energy losses generated in an electromechanical actuator capable of being driven from a source of continuous electrical energy at variable voltage, in particular such an electromechanical actuator. integrated into a motor vehicle, while ensuring good operating reliability of the electromechanical actuator.
  • the invention aims to reliably and inexpensively control the power supply to the actuation control coil of the electromechanical actuator, without reducing the efficiency of the magnetic circuit, and without risk of disturbance or malfunction caused. by the external magnetic fields of automotive applications.
  • the magnetic field sensor and the control switch constitute, by their combination, an interface which is particularly economical and reliable, while being able to ensure effective regulation of the average control voltage of the control coil. so as to make it independent of the voltage of the continuous electric energy source such as the voltage of the on-board network of a motor vehicle.
  • both the magnetic field sensor and the control switch can be inexpensive electronic components.
  • the magnetic field sensor does not modify the structure or the efficiency of the magnetic circuit, so that the energy required to power the control coil is reduced.
  • the particular choice of the position of the magnetic flux sensor makes it possible to guarantee a good sensitivity of the detection of the variations of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic circuit, despite the fact that the detection is carried out in the leakage magnetic flux, which is lower than the main stream. This results in good operating reliability of the electromechanical actuator.
  • the magnetic field sensor is placed in the space surrounding the movable armature, preferably opposite the first end of the fixed armature relative to the movable armature.
  • This position of the magnetic field sensor provides good detection sensitivity of the magnetic flux, and facilitates the manufacture of the electromechanical actuator while avoiding any discomfort in its assembly and possible adjustment.
  • the magnetic field sensor can be placed in the space surrounding the fixed armature in the vicinity of the second end of the magnetic core. This position of the magnetic field sensor provides good detection sensitivity of the magnetic flux.
  • the first and second magnetic field thresholds are chosen so that, when the assembly is connected to the source of direct electrical energy, the voltage of which exceeds a cut-in voltage according to which the movable armature is moved to 'in its working state, the control coil is supplied with a chopped voltage having an average value little greater than said switch-on voltage.
  • the consumption of the electromechanical actuator is effectively reduced during the operating stages in the working state, while ensuring reliable operation, that is to say certain switching to the working state, and maintaining this working state, provided that the voltage of the continuous electric power source remains greater than the trigger voltage of the electromechanical actuator according to which the latter returns to the rest state.
  • the electromechanical actuator further comprises an element for adjusting the magnetic flux of leakage stressing the magnetic field sensor.
  • this leakage magnetic flux adjustment element urging the magnetic field sensor may comprise a part made of a material capable of conducting a magnetic field, said part being placed in an adjustable position in the vicinity of the magnetic field sensor. so as to modify the part of the leakage magnetic flux passing through the magnetic field sensor.
  • the leakage magnetic flux adjustment element is preferably placed away from any operational air gap. of the magnetic circuit.
  • the electromechanical actuator according to the invention further comprises a magnetic shielding element, arranged opposite the magnetic circuit with respect to the magnetic field sensor. External disturbances liable to modify the magnetic field thresholds and the mean value of the supply voltage of the control coil which result therefrom are thus avoided.
  • part constituting the flux adjustment element can itself fulfill the function of magnetic shielding.
  • the first magnetic field threshold can be chosen at a value of about 10 mT, and the second magnetic field threshold can be chosen at a value of about 8 mT.
  • the magnetic field sensor can advantageously be produced in the form of a digital Hall effect sensor, since such a component is reliable and inexpensive.
  • control switch can advantageously be a bipolar transistor, the base of which receives the output signal from the digital Hall effect sensor, and the emitter-collector circuit of which is connected in series with the control coil. Indeed, such a control switch is reliable and inexpensive.
  • the electromechanical actuator according to the invention can comprise a movable armature having a part shaped to be mechanically coupled to an external element intended to be driven in movement by the electromechanical actuator.
  • the mobile armature can comprise a magnetic section of mobile armature, said magnetic section having a first end articulated according to a fixed hinge on the second end of the fixed frame to allow rotation of the movable frame between a working state and a resting state towards which it is returned by said return means, said magnetic section having a second end disposed opposite the first end of the fixed armature to be attracted by said first end of the fixed armature when the control coil is energized, the movable armature having a contact beam which extends up to a free contact end able to come to rest on a fixed working contact when the movable armature is in the working state.
  • FIG. 1 is schematically illustrated the structure of an electromechanical relay according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromechanical relay as shown on the figure 1 comprises a fixed armature 1, part of which is in the form of a magnetic core 2, a movable armature 3, a fixed working contact 4, a control coil 5, a contact beam 6 which forms a distal section of the armature movable 3 to a free contact end 7.
  • the fixed armature 1 and the movable armature 3 together form the magnetic circuit of the electromechanical relay.
  • the control coil 5 comprises a coil carcass 51, integral with the fixed armature 1, and comprising a cylindrical axial passage 52 developing along a longitudinal axis II and in which the magnetic core 2 is engaged.
  • a coil winding 53 consisting of an electrical conductor wound around the coil casing 51, is intended to be connected to an external source of nominal control voltage not shown in the figure.
  • a first end 21 of the fixed armature 1, or free end of the magnetic core 2 protrudes outside a first end of the axial passage 52 of the control coil 5, and constitutes an attractive pole capable of stressing the movable armature 3
  • a second end 22 of the magnetic core 2 protrudes out of a second end of the axial passage 52 of the control coil 5, and connects to a return magnetic circuit 1a which conducts the magnetic flux from the second end 22 of the magnetic core. 2 up to the mobile armature 3
  • the return magnetic circuit 1a comprises a transverse branch 1b of fixed armature 1 and a longitudinal arm 1c of fixed armature 1.
  • the transverse arm 1b extends radially away from the second end 22 of the magnetic core 2, and is connected to the longitudinal branch 1c of fixed reinforcement which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis II as far as a second end 1d of a fixed frame against which a first end 31 of the mobile frame 3 bears.
  • the movable frame 3 comprises, from its first end 31, a magnetic section 32, developing parallel to the transverse branch 1b of the fixed frame 1, facing the first end 21 of the fixed frame 1, and structured so as to be attracted by the magnetic core 2 when the latter conducts a magnetic field generated by the control coil 5 which has been supplied with electrical energy.
  • the magnetic section 32 has the general shape of a bar, having a second end 33 disposed facing the magnetic core 2.
  • the fixed armature 1 comprises a ferromagnetic material capable of conducting a magnetic flux generated by the control coil 5 in the magnetic core 2.
  • the movable armature 3 itself comprises, in its magnetic section 32, a ferromagnetic material, and closes thus at least partially the magnetic flux generated in the magnetic core 2.
  • the contact beam 6, in the illustrated embodiment, comprises a leaf spring 61, in the form of a flat strip made of bronze / beryllium alloy, which has the advantage of good elastic properties and good electrical conduction properties.
  • the leaf spring 61 is fixed by fixing means, along one of its two main faces, on the magnetic section 32 of the movable armature 3.
  • the fixing means comprise a lug 35 of the magnetic section 32 engaged by force in a slot 62 of the leaf spring 61.
  • the leaf spring 61 is extended beyond said second end 33 of the magnetic section 32, away from the free contact end 7, by an arcuate section 64 followed by a longitudinal section 65 generally parallel to the longitudinal branch 1c of the fixed armature 1 and to which it is fixed with the interposition of a common plug 8 forming one of the terminals of the electric power circuit of the electromechanical relay.
  • the leaf spring 61 constitutes elastic return means 9 of the movable armature 3.
  • the movable frame 3 Because of its support by its first end 31 on the second end 1d of the fixed frame 1, and because of its retention by the elastic return means 9, the movable frame 3 is articulated by its first end 31 according to hinge means constituted by the second end 1d of the fixed frame 1, and can thus pivot between a state of rest illustrated on figure 1 and a working state in which the mobile armature 3 has pivoted and comes into contact with the first end 21 of the mobile armature 1.
  • the elastic return means 9 ensure the return of the mobile armature 3 to its rest state .
  • the hinge means also ensure the conduction of the magnetic flux between the fixed armature 1 and the mobile armature 3.
  • the free contact end 7 of the contact beam 6 is provided with a contact pad 71 made of an electrically conductive material and having good anti-wear properties.
  • the fixed working contact 4 is formed by a fixed pad 41 made of an electrically conductive material and having good anti-wear properties. The fixed pad 41 is secured to a work plug 10 constituting the second connection terminal of the power circuit of the electromechanical relay.
  • a rest stop 11 limits the movement of the free contact end 7 away from the fixed working contact 4.
  • the control coil 5 is not powered, and does not produce any magnetic field in the magnetic core 2.
  • the movable armature 3 is not attracted by the magnetic core 2, and, by the stressing of the means of elastic return 9, remains away from the magnetic core 2 and comes to bear against the rest stop 11. This results in the presence of an operational air gap 200, that is to say of an air gap whose presence or the dimension is necessary for the operation of the electromechanical actuator.
  • the control coil 5 In the working state, the control coil 5 is supplied with a nominal control voltage, and produces in the magnetic core 2 a magnetic field sufficient to attract the movable armature 3, against the return stress exerted. by the elastic return means 9, until the movable armature 3 comes into contact with the first end 21 of the fixed armature 1, thus closing the magnetic circuit 1, 3. In this position, the contact pad 71 of the free contact end 7 bears against the fixed pad 41 of the fixed working contact 4, causing a bending or bending of the adjacent section of the leaf spring 61 located between the free contact end 7 and the fixing means 35, 62.
  • control coil 5 is supplied from a source of continuous electrical energy through an interface 100 ensuring the regulation of its average supply voltage, whatever the variations of the voltage d. 'input from the DC voltage power source.
  • the interface 100 comprises a magnetic field sensor, advantageously of the digital Hall effect sensor 101 type, and a switch 102.
  • the digital Hall-effect sensor 101 is arranged in the space surrounding the mobile armature 3, away from the operational air gap 200 between the mobile armature 3 and the magnetic core 2, opposite the magnetic core 2 relative to the movable armature 3, to be stressed by the magnetic flux of leakage passing through this zone.
  • the digital Hall effect sensor 101 drives the switch 102, which is connected in series with the control coil 5.
  • the digital Hall effect sensor 101 is of a type which produces at its output Vout a zero voltage when the magnetic flux which the traverse exceeds a first magnetic field threshold, and which produces at its output Vout a maximum voltage when the magnetic flux which passes through it is less than a second magnetic field threshold.
  • interface circuit 100 An example of interface circuit 100 is illustrated in figure 2 .
  • the input terminals 103 and 104 of the interface circuit 100 are respectively connected to the positive terminal Vcc and to the negative terminal GND of a direct voltage electric power source such as the on-board network of the motor vehicle, with interposition of an external switch T2 such as a bipolar transistor which is not part of the interface 100.
  • the output terminals 105 and 106 of the interface 100 are connected to the terminals of the control coil 5.
  • the digital Hall effect sensor 101 is supplied between the positive 103 and negative 104 input terminals with the interposition of a resistor Rs.
  • the output Vout of the digital Hall effect sensor 101 is connected to the positive terminal 103 via of a resistor R, and is connected to the base of a bipolar switching transistor T1 whose emitter is connected to the negative terminal 104 and whose collector is connected to one of the terminals of the control coil 5.
  • a freewheeling diode D is connected in anti-parallel to the terminals of the control coil 5.
  • the figures 5 and 6 illustrating the magnetic leakage flux passing through the digital Hall effect sensor 101, respectively in the rest state and in the working state of an electromechanical actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Hall effect sensor digital 101 is arranged in the same position as in the embodiment of the figure 1 .
  • the control coil 5 is first of all weakly supplied, according to a supply which increases to pass to the working state illustrated in the figure. figure 6 .
  • the magnetic flux of leakage passing through the digital Hall effect sensor 101 is almost nonexistent, or remains weak, and the digital Hall effect sensor 101 produces on its output Vout a high voltage which saturates the switching transistor T1 to enable the power supply control coil 5 and to put the electromechanical actuator in its working state.
  • the digital Hall effect sensor 101 In the working state shown on the figure 6 , the digital Hall effect sensor 101 is crossed by a magnetic flux of higher value leakage.
  • the digital Hall effect sensor 101 produces at its output a voltage Vout which becomes zero and which turns off the switching transistor T1 when the leakage magnetic flux exceeds a first magnetic flux threshold, and produces at its output a higher voltage Vout which saturates the switching transistor T1 when the leakage magnetic flux drops below a second magnetic flux threshold which is itself lower than the first magnetic flux threshold.
  • the switching transistor T1 blocks the power supply to the control coil 5 when the magnetic field detected by the digital Hall effect sensor 101 exceeds a first magnetic field threshold S1 ( figure 4 ), and the switching transistor T1 powers the control coil 5 again when the magnetic field detected by the digital Hall effect sensor 101 drops below a second magnetic field threshold S2 ( figure 4 ).
  • the value of the first magnetic field threshold S1 and the value of the second magnetic field threshold S2 together determine the average value of the control voltage applied to the control coil 5 during the work sequences. This achieves a regulation of the average value of the leakage magnetic field passing through the Hall effect sensor 101, and simultaneously a regulation of the average value of the main magnetic field produced by the control coil 5.
  • This magnetic field can advantageously be chosen to be slightly greater than the magnetic field producing the switching of the electromechanical actuator towards a working state.
  • first and second magnetic field thresholds relatively close to each other, to avoid the risk of an untimely tilting of the electromechanical actuator towards its rest state.
  • Diagram A illustrates a possible variation of the voltage Vcc of the DC voltage supply source, with an A1 sequence at the usual voltage of an on-board motor vehicle network, for example 13 V, with an A2 sequence at plus voltage high, with an A3 sequence at lower voltage, and with an A4 sequence at decreasing voltage.
  • Diagram B illustrates the external control signal, for example the voltage on negative terminal 104 produced by transistor T2, indicating by a negative voltage step the instant from which the external control controls the switching of the electromechanical actuator towards his working state.
  • Diagram C illustrates the waveform of the magnetic field seen by digital Hall effect sensor 101.
  • Diagram D illustrates the idle or working state of the electromechanical actuator.
  • Diagram E illustrates the waveform of the output signal Vout of digital Hall effect sensor 101.
  • Diagram F illustrates the conduction state of transistor T1 supplying control coil 5.
  • Diagram G illustrates the waveform of the electric current flowing through the control coil 5.
  • Diagram H illustrates the variation in the average value of the electric current flowing in the control coil 5.
  • Diagram I illustrates the waveform of the electric voltage at the terminals of the control coil 5.
  • the diagrams show how the interface according to the invention produces a modulated and regulated supply of the control coil 5 during the driving periods in the working state.
  • an adjustment element 110 such as a plate made of a material capable of conducting a magnetic field and placed in the vicinity of the Hall effect sensor 101, opposite the movable armature 3.
  • the adjustment element 110 is relatively far from the Hall effect sensor 101, the leakage magnetic flux is not affected by the adjustment element 110, and passes through the Hall effect sensor 101 at a low flux value .
  • the adjustment element 110 is closer to the Hall effect sensor 101, as illustrated in figure 8 , the flux lines are deflected by the adjustment element 110 and as a result the magnetic leakage flux which passes through the Hall effect sensor 101 is higher. It is therefore understood that the adjustment element 110 makes it possible to modify the first magnetic field threshold S1, and therefore to modify the average value of the voltage applied to the control coil 5 during the working steps.
  • Position 101 is the position chosen in the embodiments of the figures 1 , 5 and 6 , In this case, the magnetic field sensor 101 is in the vicinity of the movable armature 3, opposite the magnetic core 2 with respect to the movable armature 3.
  • the position 1010 is opposite with respect to the circuit magnetic 1, 3, that is to say in the space surrounding the fixed armature 1 in the vicinity of the second end 22 of the magnetic core 2.
  • Position 1011 is in space surrounding the fixed frame 1 in the vicinity of an intermediate portion of the longitudinal branch 1c, a position similar to that described in the document GB 2 259 188 .
  • Position 1012 is close to position 1011, but with a perpendicular orientation of the magnetic field sensor.
  • Position 1013 is in the space surrounding a junction air gap between the fixed armature 1 and the movable armature 3.
  • Position 1014 is similar to position 1013, but with a perpendicular orientation of the magnetic field sensor.
  • Tests were carried out on an electromechanical relay having a structure as described on the figure 9 , by measuring the magnetic field picked up by a Hall effect magnetic field sensor placed in the various positions defined above, by varying the electric voltage applied to the control coil 5, successively from a low voltage in which the electromechanical relay is in the rest position (rep), then a voltage producing the movement of the mobile armature to the electric contact position (Tr), then an increasing series of voltages by which the magnetic circuit remains closed (Mag1, Mag2, Mag3 , Mag4) by the contact between the mobile armature 3 and the fixed armature 1.
  • positions 101 and 1010 are clearly preferable to the other positions 1011, 1012, 1013 and 1014, because the magnetic field is highly variable there (more than 30%) when the mobile armature 3 moves in the vicinity of its state. working, that is to say in the vicinity of the positions Tr and Mag1. This is the reason why we will choose to place the magnetic field sensor in a position close to position 101 or in a position close to position 1010.
  • a position close to position 101 may be preferred if it is necessary to leave l access to the second end 22 of the magnetic core 2 during assembly of the electromechanical relay.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP20184103.8A 2019-07-08 2020-07-04 Elektromechanisches stellglied mit selbstregulierter steuerung Active EP3764384B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1907594A FR3098637B1 (fr) 2019-07-08 2019-07-08 Actionneur electromecanique a commande autoregulee

Publications (2)

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EP3764384A1 true EP3764384A1 (de) 2021-01-13
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CN114257923B (zh) * 2021-12-06 2024-05-03 广东迅森磁电有限公司 一种动铁单元调磁电路及装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2112213A (en) * 1981-12-21 1983-07-13 Gen Electric Electromagnetic contractor with flux sensor
EP0172712A2 (de) 1984-08-09 1986-02-26 Synektron Corporation Kraftsteuernde Betätigungsvorrichtung mit variabler Reluktanz
US4608620A (en) 1985-11-14 1986-08-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Magnetic sensor for armature and stator
GB2259188A (en) 1991-08-30 1993-03-03 Mannesmann Ag Detecting the operation of an electromagnetic actuator

Family Cites Families (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1068968C (zh) * 1995-12-05 2001-07-25 西门子公司 开关设备的控制装置
CN103794412B (zh) * 2014-02-08 2016-01-20 上海沪工汽车电器有限公司 一种电磁继电器及其制造方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2112213A (en) * 1981-12-21 1983-07-13 Gen Electric Electromagnetic contractor with flux sensor
EP0172712A2 (de) 1984-08-09 1986-02-26 Synektron Corporation Kraftsteuernde Betätigungsvorrichtung mit variabler Reluktanz
US4608620A (en) 1985-11-14 1986-08-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Magnetic sensor for armature and stator
GB2259188A (en) 1991-08-30 1993-03-03 Mannesmann Ag Detecting the operation of an electromagnetic actuator

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EP3764384B1 (de) 2022-08-31
CN112201538A (zh) 2021-01-08
FR3098637A1 (fr) 2021-01-15
CN112201538B (zh) 2023-11-24
FR3098637B1 (fr) 2021-10-15

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