Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
  • B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
  • B24B49/04—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
  • B24B49/05—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation including the measurement of a first workpiece already machined and of another workpiece being machined and to be matched with the first one
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
  • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
  • A44C17/00—Gems or the like
  • A44C17/001—Faceting gems
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
  • B24B19/02—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
  • B24B19/03—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements for grinding grooves in glass workpieces, e.g. decorative grooves
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
  • B24B19/26—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding workpieces with arcuate surfaces, e.g. parts of car bodies, bumpers or magnetic recording heads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
  • B24B27/0069—Other grinding machines or devices with means for feeding the work-pieces to the grinding tool, e.g. turntables, transfer means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
  • B24B49/12—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving optical means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
  • B24B5/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
  • B24B5/16—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding peculiarly surfaces, e.g. bulged
  • B24B5/162—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding peculiarly surfaces, e.g. bulged controlled by a template
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
  • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
  • B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
  • B24B9/16—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of diamonds; of jewels or the like; Diamond grinders' dops; Dop holders or tongs
  • B24B9/165—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of diamonds; of jewels or the like; Diamond grinders' dops; Dop holders or tongs for grinding cavities in gem stones
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
  • B28D5/00—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
  • B28D5/00—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor
  • B28D5/0058—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines for fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material
  • B28D5/0064—Devices for the automatic drive or the program control of the machines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
  • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
  • B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
  • B24B9/16—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of diamonds; of jewels or the like; Diamond grinders' dops; Dop holders or tongs
  • B24B9/167—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of diamonds; of jewels or the like; Diamond grinders' dops; Dop holders or tongs with means for turning and positioning the gem stones

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a manufacturing method for the diamond dressing process to be performed on items used, in particular, as items of gold, silver and costume jewellery, as well as for eyeglasses and clothing accessories, according to the general part of claim 1.
• This processing method consists in the controlled removal of limited amount of material so as to create micro-concavities, so-called “notches”, to give the processed surface a particular shine, deriving from the different refraction of the light rays that are reflected by the multiplicity of appropriately oriented micro-surfaces obtained on said surface.
• the virtual configuration of the overall shape of the item or surface to be diamond dressed, when this operation does not comprise the entire item is communicated to an "axis control" unit, which controls a gripper to which the item is hooked, such as to make the gripping points of the item to be processed coincide on the spindle, as well as to regulate the movements of the tool which engraves the surface to be dressed.
• the object of the present invention is to improve the method described in the document cited above.
• object of the present invention is to implement the above-mentioned known method, so as to make possible the realization of the same diamond dressing on all the items of the same series, i.e. those which have an identical shape, said diamond dressing being perfectly equal to that realised on the sample item and being considered by the operator the best possible diamond dressing that can be realized.
• a further object of the invention is to reduce the diamond dressing time of each item; in any case, considering that in every diamond dressing series hundreds of identical items are processed, the savings of a few seconds on each item processing allows, at the end of the entire operation, a considerable gain in terms of productivity.
• a first additional function in which the first item, after it has been "processed” through a three-dimensional spatial scan and undergone the manufacturing diamond dressing process, is encoded as a "sample” to define the movement trajectory of the gripping system or "gripper” which individually grips the second and subsequently, always individually, the third and subsequent items such that the scanner or other vision systems, once the gripping points of this new item are recognised, transmits the spatial coordinates, detected through a developed reference system using "Euler angles" to said gripper which, consequently, places said second individual item at the spindle, exactly and always in the same "gripping zone", precisely centring the gripping holes of said new item with the gripping pins of the spindle.
• the first "processed” item, already subjected to the manufacturing diamond dressing process is encoded as a“sample” through a three-dimensional spatial scan
• the items (second, third..., nth), individually subjected to the manufacturing diamond dressing process and in succession undergo, through scanners or other detection systems, the three-dimensional scan of the surface to be processed and on which the diamond dressing pattern or "sample pattern" is brought, detected and memorised by the first“sample item”, said “sample pattern” is adapted by modifying the processing spatial coordinates, through a reference system elaborated using the "Euler angles", to the ever present, albeit minimal, differences in extension, thickness, depth, orientation and conformation which the new three-dimensional surface to be subjected to the manufacturing process for the diamond dressing of the aforesaid items presents (second, third ..., nth ).
• the orientation of the holes or hold points in the space is detected and the data collected are sent to the CPU, which orients the manipulator gripper that retains the item, such that said item is positioned exactly in the“gripping points” of the spindle, defined with the processing of the first item; therefore, the new item to subject to the manufacturing diamond dressing process will be exactly oriented in the holes or“gripping points” which, therefore, are spatially located in the same way as the gripping points of the“sample item”.
• the diamond dressing machine provided with the program for carrying out the manufacturing diamond dressing process according to the invention, initially envisages the realisation of the first item or "sample item” according to the following steps:
• the machine is equipped with the item to subject to the manufacturing diamond dressing process, manually or using a loader provided with a gripper;
• the CPU transmits the data received to the memory, which realizes the virtual image of the item, visible at the graphic output;
• the operator sets the work parameters so that the machine follows the software and mechanical limits that define the spatial limits of the zone to be dressed and the conformation characteristics of the diamond dressing profile, i.e. the depth and orientation of the micro- notches, so that the walls of said notches can reflect light, all in the same way, so as to ensure uniform reflection and shine, which qualifies the final manufactured item;
• the CPU processes the received data and transmits the activity information to the unit programmed to activate the axes;
• - 7th step through the CPU from the zero-setting position, the tool reaches the item to be processed and is positioned on a precise zone, previously determined by means of the feeler; - 8th step: when the axes between the tool and the item are mutually positioned at 90°, the tool starts to engrave the material, according to the predefined program, until the manufacturing diamond dressing process is complete;
• the first dressed item is unloaded and acts as a "sample item”, all as already known and as described in the above-mentioned patent document
• the novelty feature of the invention concerns the steps of the manufacturing diamond dressing process of the second item and the items following the first, which present a conformation which is only theoretically equal to the first item but, de facto, have minimal differences following the type of processing used for its realisation (moulding, electroforming, micro -casting or other semi-finished product production methods).
• the loader carries the item into the“item control zone” where, through the use of a laser feeler, 3D scanner or other vision systems which can detect values (expressed in interpretable numerical values) or capture images (expressed in interpretable pixels), the loader gripper is oriented so as to position the item correctly in the “gripping points”, defined during the manufacturing diamond dressing process of the first item or“sample item”;
• - Ill step a mechanical, laser or other type of feeler probes the conformation of the surface of the item being processed at 360° or on smaller portions of said surface and transmits the data obtained to the CPU;
• - IV step the CPU processes the data received and performs a comparison operation with the corresponding data referred to the “sample” item, detecting the differences and imperfections with respect to the corresponding surface portions of the aforementioned“sample item”;
• the CPU processes the data received and, based on the detected differences, applies and adapts the previously memorised diamond dressing pattern of the“sample item” to the new conformation and transmits the new activity data to the unit programmed to acti vate the axes;
• - figs. 1-5 show the steps of the manufacturing diamond dressing process of the first item or "sample item";
• - figs. 6-9 show the steps of the manufacturing diamond dressing process of the second, third, ... nth item; - Fig. 10 shows the logic block-diagram of the functioning of the diamond dressing machine which performs the manufacturing diamond dressing process according to the invention.
• the entire manufacturing diamond dressing process envisages at the beginning the withdrawal from a warehouse, where the items P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P n are inserted on a rod, using a gripper K, of the first item to be dressed P 1 (see fig. 1), to be positioned between the heads of the spindle M (see fig. 2), to be processed, through the tool S, which detects the spatial coordinates using, as a reference, the“Euler angles” (see fig. 4) and finally subjected to diamond dressing through the tool U (see fig. 3) to obtain the final diamond dressing PKi (see fig. 5).
• the manufacturing diamond dressing process continues with the removal from the warehouse, using the gripper K, of the second item to be dressed P 2 (see fig. 6), which is positioned exactly in the "gripping points" T, defined during the diamond dressing of the first item P 1 or “sample item” and then, through a scanner or other detection systems Z, is subjected to the three-dimensional scanning of the surface on which the diamond dressing pattern or "sample pattern" is brought, memorised by the first item or "sample item” (see fig. 7), and finally subjected to the diamond dressing using the tool S (see fig. 8) to obtain the final diamond dressing PK 2 (see fig. 9); the whole is moved according to the spatial processing coordinates, regulated through a reference system elaborated by means of "Euler angles".
• the operating machine used to carry out the manufacturing diamond dressing process described above, can be traced back to the block diagram of fig. 10, where the following are indicated: a) the dynamic systems of the type with linear CNC axes or anthropomorphic robots which comprise an axis control 100, the control unit 200 of the software comprising in turn a CPU memory - axis activation - axis motors - a reading system, a loader 300, an item gripper 400, consisting, for example, of a pivoting gripper, a tool 500 and the item to diamond dress K 1 , K 2... K n of the series being processed;

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Adornments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2018
  • 2018-03-14 IT IT102018000003564A patent/IT201800003564A1/it unknown
  • 2018-12-21 EP EP18826374.3A patent/EP3765237B1/de active Active
  • 2018-12-21 WO PCT/EP2018/086552 patent/WO2019174780A1/en not_active Ceased

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