EP3770091A1 - Maschine zum wickeln von compositmaterial auf einen kern - Google Patents

Maschine zum wickeln von compositmaterial auf einen kern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3770091A1
EP3770091A1 EP20186643.1A EP20186643A EP3770091A1 EP 3770091 A1 EP3770091 A1 EP 3770091A1 EP 20186643 A EP20186643 A EP 20186643A EP 3770091 A1 EP3770091 A1 EP 3770091A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mandrel
peripheral
winding
rollers
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20186643.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3770091B1 (de
Inventor
Tiziano Fracassi
Mirco BATTAGLIA
Andrei CUTRONO RAKHIMOV
Marco Antonio CELLI
Alessandro Coturri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mec Industries Srl
Original Assignee
Mec Industries Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mec Industries Srl filed Critical Mec Industries Srl
Publication of EP3770091A1 publication Critical patent/EP3770091A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3770091B1 publication Critical patent/EP3770091B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H18/00—Winding webs
    • B65H18/08—Web-winding mechanisms
    • B65H18/14—Mechanisms in which power is applied to web roll, e.g. to effect continuous advancement of web
    • B65H18/20—Mechanisms in which power is applied to web roll, e.g. to effect continuous advancement of web the web roll being supported on two parallel rollers at least one of which is driven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
    • B65H29/006—Winding articles into rolls
    • B65H29/008—Winding single articles into single rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/414—Winding
    • B65H2301/4146—Winding involving particular drive arrangement
    • B65H2301/41466—Winding involving particular drive arrangement combinations of drives
    • B65H2301/41468—Winding involving particular drive arrangement combinations of drives centre and nip drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
    • B65H2301/51—Modifying a characteristic of handled material
    • B65H2301/514—Modifying physical properties
    • B65H2301/5143—Warming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
    • B65H2404/10—Rollers
    • B65H2404/13—Details of longitudinal profile
    • B65H2404/137—Means for varying longitudinal profiles
    • B65H2404/1372—Means for varying longitudinal profiles anti-deflection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
    • B65H2404/40—Shafts, cylinders, drums, spindles
    • B65H2404/43—Rider roll construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the sector of machinery for producing cylindrical, or conical, products, with fabrics made of composite material.
  • the invention concerns a machine for winding preimpregnated fabrics made of composite material on a mandrel, in particular carbon fiber fabrics preimpregnated with synthetic resin.
  • Fabrics made of preimpregnated composite material known in the art as prepreg, consists of fibers of carbon, Kevlar, glass, zylon, etc., impregnated in a matrix of epoxy or phenol thermosetting synthetic resin, or of vinyl ester or cyanate ester type, etc.
  • These preimpregnated fabrics are wound around cylindrical, tapered or conical mandrels, preferably but not exclusively made of metal, and allow the construction of products such as poles, tubes, rollers, rods or cylinders of various lengths, diameters and thicknesses.
  • the fibers provide these fabrics with mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity, stiffness, strength, etc.
  • the synthetic resin matrix (after curing by means of which it polymerizes with a catalytic or vitrification process) gives stability to products made with these fabrics, influences their modulus of elasticity and is selected to enhance or attenuate these and/or other properties thereof.
  • a composite material with fibers with a high modulus of elasticity will be designed with the lowest possible percentage of resin (35% - 40%), so as not to attenuate the mechanical properties of this fiber.
  • the resin has a modulus of elasticity close to zero and in combination with a fiber with a modulus of elasticity of 100 GPa, if the product has 40% by volume of resin, the modulus of elasticity of the finished product will be reduced to 60 GPa.
  • Composite prepreg materials are physically created as a fabric.
  • the cloths obtained are stored wound on reels, are the same width as the respective looms (usually from 1000 mm to 1300 mm) and the same length as the respective reels (from 25 m to 50 m), and are impregnated in a synthetic resin matrix to obtain a preimpregnated (or prepreg) composite fabric formed of fibers and resin.
  • the chemical-physical properties of the resin mean that the prepreg fabric obtained must be stored at a temperature below zero (-20/-30 °C for long term storage, -8/-20 °C for short term storage), as the catalysis process starts autonomously at room temperature making subsequent use of the material ineffective.
  • Molding technology is used to create products with complex or linear geometrical shapes, also non-cylindrical.
  • the operator cuts pieces of prepreg composite fabric to size, positions them on a mold that defines their shape and cures them in an autoclave or oven.
  • Sheet winding technology is instead used to create products with a cylindrical, tapered or conical shape.
  • the operator cuts the prepreg composite fabric to size, based on variables such as mandrel length, mandrel diameter and number of turns on the mandrel that determine the thickness, thereby obtaining a sheet, and then proceeds to wind it around this mandrel.
  • This winding machine is substantially composed of two parallel horizontal tables, one lower and one upper, with which the following operations are carried out in sequence:
  • the rolling table winding machine has some important negative aspects and operating problems.
  • the rolling table winding machine exploits the rolling motion of the mandrel, which is transmitted by the translation movement of the upper table with respect to the lower table.
  • Each winding step corresponds to a forward and return stroke of the upper table, with consequent variable dimensions.
  • the aforesaid operating steps involve large moving masses, with high energy costs and high risk of danger to operators.
  • the rolling table winding machine operates with the mandrel always idle and this aspect causes a rolling friction on the prepreg fabric only in two contact areas, due to rolling of the mandrel.
  • the mandrel starts to roll after overcoming its inertia.
  • This aspect translates into an initial rubbing of the mandrel on the prepreg fabric, which can become wrinkled, nullifying the correct compaction thereof.
  • the industrial use of the rolling table winding machine is therefore optimized for mandrels of limited sizes and weights, while instead its performance is less than optimal with mandrels having diameters exceeding 250-300 mm, lengths exceeding 6000-6500 mm and weights exceeding 400-500 kg.
  • the rolling table winding machine exploits the concept of pressure applied by the downward thrust of the upper table, where the contact areas between mandrel, prepreg fabric and parallel tables are two, aligned on the vertical plane with respect to the working plane.
  • the pressure applied by the upper table on the mandrel and the weight of the mandrel in fact cause two forces aligned on the vertical plane.
  • the resulting pressure can be damaging to the point that it nullifies the precision of the operations.
  • the filament winding technique requires a high percentage by volume of resin (from 45% - 55%), which causes resin excesses the end of the production processes of the products.
  • Resin has a modulus of elasticity close to zero, and therefore the excess resin with which the filament winding technique operates is a limitation both for reaching the desired weights of the products and for their mechanical performance, represented more specifically by Young's modulus.
  • Young's modulus Although it is possible to remove part of the excess resin from the products with subsequent processes, it is highly probable that the space left free will be filled with air bubbles that compromise the final compaction of the fibers of the products.
  • fibers with a very high modulus of elasticity are subject to deteriorations, as they are very sensitive to mechanical stresses and frictions.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the negative aspects and operating problems of current machinery for winding preimpregnated fabrics made of composite material on a mandrel, in particular rolling table machinery.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with a machine for winding preimpregnated fabrics made of composite material on a mandrel, according to the main independent claim 1. Further features of the invention are contained in the dependent claims.
  • the machine for winding preimpregnated fabrics made of composite material, pre-cut in sheets, on a mandrel acts with a mandrel and rollers peripheral to the mandrel, arranged to be rotated or braked synchronously or asynchronously to one another.
  • the user can therefore personalize the synchronization of rotation or braking of the mandrel and of the peripheral rollers that constrain it, thereby completely controlling the various types of friction involved.
  • Customized management of sliding or rolling frictions between the rotating rollers allows composite prepreg fabrics to be maintained under suitable mechanical tension in order to reach optimal compaction, preventing the formation of creases during winding.
  • the machine for winding prepreg fabrics made of composite material on a mandrel according to the invention is not only flexible for winding on mandrels with a very wide range of lengths, diameters and thicknesses, but also allows winding of semi-finished cylindrical products without mandrels, as they have already been subjected to least one step before winding and curing, which themselves represent the mandrel.
  • mandrel shall mean both a form about which the semi-finished product is produced, removable therefrom, and a semi-finished product to which a further coating of fabric made of composite material must be applied.
  • This versatility of use is achieved through a distributed management of the thrust forces with respect to the circumference of the mandrel and to the possibility of customizing this distribution, optimizing it.
  • the machine for winding preimpregnated fabrics made of composite material according to the invention achieves numerous and important advantages.
  • the machine of the invention exploits the rotation motion of a mandrel constrained by peripheral rollers. Therefore, each winding step takes place with subsequent rotations of the mandrel, no translation bodies are present and the size of the machine is fixed.
  • the machine of the invention Through the possibility of customizing synchronization of rotation or braking of the mandrel and of the peripheral rollers that constrain it, the machine of the invention generates both rolling and sliding friction in at least three contact areas with the prepreg fabric.
  • the sliding friction is greater than the rolling friction and the possibility of controlling it offers a control of the mechanical tension to which the prepreg fabric is subjected. Greater control of frictions translates into greater versatility in usage of the machine.
  • the machine of the invention exploits the concept of mechanical tension of the fabric, by means of sliding frictions in at least three contact areas, radially distributed on the surface of the mandrel. Moreover, only the weight of the mandrel and of the peripheral roller above contribute to the pressure on the prepreg fabric. Therefore, the performance of the machine of the invention is optimal even when the mandrel is represented by a semi-finished product, which has already been subjected to at least one winding and curing step. In this scenario, the pressure of the peripheral roller above the mandrel and the weight of the semi-finished product are distributed on three contact areas not aligned on the vertical plane, with a lower force with respect to the same operation carried out with the rolling table machine.
  • the machine of the invention it is possible to control the percentage by weight of resin selecting specific prepreg fabrics and to prevent the formation of air bubbles through compaction controlled by means of adequate frictions between prepreg fabric, mandrel and peripheral rollers that constrain it.
  • the machine of the invention is suitable for producing products with a high compaction level, minimum resin percentage, and hence with high mechanical performance and low weight. More specifically, the products obtained with the machine of the invention can have diameters up to 450 mm, lengths greater than 10000 mm, thicknesses from 1 mm to over 30 mm.
  • prepreg fabrics containing fibers with a very high modulus of elasticity can be used without compromising, through winding stress, the mechanical performance of the fibers of which they are composed.
  • Said machine comprises:
  • the mandrel 5 is made, preferably but not exclusively, of metal materials, is replaceable, and has diameters and lengths customizable from small to large dimensions.
  • the free, motor-driven or braked rotation of the mandrel 5, implemented by means of the first electric motor means 15, can be synchronous or asynchronous with respect to the peripheral rollers 2, 3 and 4 that constrain it by means of three contact points, respectively F2, F3, F4.
  • the mandrel 5 can therefore rotate in idle, motor-driven or braked mode.
  • the mandrel 5 ensures an adequate rolling friction, if motor-driven or idle, or an adequate sliding friction, if braked, so as to obtain a correct mechanical tension on the prepreg fabric 6 during winding, in order to achieve optimal compaction thereof.
  • the mandrel 5, as stated, can consist of a semi-finished cylindrical product, previously subjected to at least one winding and curing step on a mandrel, if the production process requires this.
  • the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 are made, preferably but not exclusively, of steel and have diameters ranging indicatively from 150 mm to 400 mm and lengths ranging indicatively from 4000 mm to 10000 mm.
  • the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 can therefore be motor-driven, idle or braked.
  • the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 ensure an adequate rolling friction, if motor-driven or idle, or an adequate sliding friction, if braked, so as to obtain a correct mechanical tension on the prepreg fabric 6 during winding on the mandrel 5, for the purposes of achieving optimal compaction thereof.
  • the peripheral rollers 2, 3 can be associated with a heating system, so as to promote the adhesion of the prepreg fabric 6 on the mandrel 5 during the first winding step. In this way, the probability of the prepreg fabric 6 detaching from the mandrel 5 in the segments F2-F3, F3-F4 and F4-F2 is reduced.
  • the peripheral roller 4 is made, preferably but not exclusively, of metal materials and is removable from the operating position.
  • the peripheral roller 4 is not motor-driven, but only rotatingly supported or braked by means of specific constraint means (not illustrated), as it only performs the additional task of controlling the friction and the tension on the prepreg fabric 6.
  • the rotation motion of the peripheral roller 4 can therefore be idle or braked, and can be synchronous or asynchronous with respect to the mandrel 5 and to the peripheral rollers 2 and 3.
  • the peripheral roller 4 ensures an adequate rolling friction, if idle, or an adequate sliding friction, if braked, so as to obtain a correct mechanical tension on the prepreg fabric 6 during winding on the mandrel 5, for the purposes of achieving the optimal compaction thereof.
  • the task of the peripheral roller 4 is that of contributing to the correct mechanical tension of the prepreg fabric 6 in the friction area F4 during winding, so as to promote the compaction of the prepreg fabric 6 in the arcs of circle F3-F4 and F4-F2.
  • peripheral roller 4 can be associated with other peripheral rollers having the same function.
  • the folding arms 8 allow the peripheral roller 4 to be maintained above the mandrel 5 or to move it from the operating position, to allow simpler handling of the mandrel 5 for example with the use of a bridge crane.
  • the actuators 9 allow the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 to be geometrically adapted for the use of mandrels 5 both of small and of large dimensions, with tolerances below a few tenths of millimeter (a mandrel 5 with a larger diameter corresponds to a greater distance between the respective rotation axes A2, A3).
  • the control board 10 allows the selective and reversible passage from command of the mandrel 5 to command of the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 during winding, based on the machining process implemented.
  • the transmission mechanism 11 is removable and allows operations to change the mandrel 5 to be implemented.
  • the sensors 13 allow measurement of the vertical movements of the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 with respect to predetermined values, with tolerances lower than a tenth of millimeter.
  • the actuators 14 allow correction of the alignment and vertical bending of the rotation axes A2, A3 of the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 which, potentially alterable by a very heavy mandrel 5, can compromise compaction of the prepreg fabric 6 on the mandrel 5.
  • the actuators 14 thus ensure that the contact lines between the peripheral rollers 2 and 3 and the mandrel 5 are continuous for the entire length of the mandrel, during winding of the prepreg fabric 6.
  • the table 1 can have a rubber-coated surface so as to create a sliding friction F1 on the prepreg fabric 6 during winding and consequently increase the mechanical tension of the fabric in the friction area F2 to improve its compaction on the mandrel 5.
  • the table 1 allows the prepreg fabric 6, previously cut to size, to be positioned correctly before starting to wind it on the mandrel 5. In this way positioning errors, which must be linear and accurate in the friction area F2 for the entire length of the mandrel 5, are prevented, consequently preventing propagations of position defects during the various winding steps of the prepreg fabric 6 on the mandrel 5 (for example, if the prepreg fabric 6 is positioned misaligned with respect to the mandrel 5, a spiral of prepreg fabric 6 will be formed thereon instead of a cylinder or of a cone that accurately reproduces the shape thereof).
  • the mandrel 5 with the prepreg fabric 6 wounds thereon is lifted with a bridge crane, or other device suitable for this purpose, and carried to the subsequent workstation to be prepared for the curing step.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Storage Of Web-Like Or Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Winding Filamentary Materials (AREA)
EP20186643.1A 2019-07-25 2020-07-20 Maschine zum wickeln von compositmaterial auf einen kern Active EP3770091B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102019000012891A IT201900012891A1 (it) 2019-07-25 2019-07-25 Macchina per l’avvolgimento di tessuti in materiale composito su un mandrino

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3770091A1 true EP3770091A1 (de) 2021-01-27
EP3770091B1 EP3770091B1 (de) 2022-06-08

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Family Applications (1)

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EP20186643.1A Active EP3770091B1 (de) 2019-07-25 2020-07-20 Maschine zum wickeln von compositmaterial auf einen kern

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3770091B1 (de)
IT (1) IT201900012891A1 (de)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3236471A (en) * 1963-12-02 1966-02-22 Beloit Corp Drum winder for paper and the like
DE2147673A1 (de) * 1971-09-24 1973-03-29 Ahlstroem Dev Gmbh Tragwalzenwickelvorrichtung
US4475696A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-10-09 Birch Brothers Southern Incorporated Two station winding apparatus
DE4035143A1 (de) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-07 Stahlkontor Maschinenbau Doppeltragwalzen-wickelmaschine zum achslosen aufwickeln einer von unten her durch den spalt zweier tragwalzen eines tragwalzenpaars hindurchgefuehrten warenbahn bzw. von mehreren nebeneinanderliegenden nutzenstreifen aus kunststoff, vlies, papier oder dgl. auf eine oder mehrere nebeneinanderliegende wickelhuelsen
US5626707A (en) * 1995-02-09 1997-05-06 Revolution Golf, Inc. Apparatus for manufacturing composite tubular articles
EP0962411A1 (de) * 1998-06-01 1999-12-08 A. CELLI S.p.A Wickelmaschine zum Formen von Rollen grossen Durchmessers bahnenförmigen Materials
DE202006012763U1 (de) * 2006-08-18 2006-10-19 Voith Patent Gmbh Rollenwickelvorrichtung zum Aufwickeln einer Materialbahn
DE102006043629A1 (de) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Voith Patent Gmbh Wickelmaschine mit Linearmotoren
EP2436626A2 (de) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-04 Voith Patent GmbH Rollenwickelvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wickelrollen

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3236471A (en) * 1963-12-02 1966-02-22 Beloit Corp Drum winder for paper and the like
DE2147673A1 (de) * 1971-09-24 1973-03-29 Ahlstroem Dev Gmbh Tragwalzenwickelvorrichtung
US4475696A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-10-09 Birch Brothers Southern Incorporated Two station winding apparatus
DE4035143A1 (de) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-07 Stahlkontor Maschinenbau Doppeltragwalzen-wickelmaschine zum achslosen aufwickeln einer von unten her durch den spalt zweier tragwalzen eines tragwalzenpaars hindurchgefuehrten warenbahn bzw. von mehreren nebeneinanderliegenden nutzenstreifen aus kunststoff, vlies, papier oder dgl. auf eine oder mehrere nebeneinanderliegende wickelhuelsen
US5626707A (en) * 1995-02-09 1997-05-06 Revolution Golf, Inc. Apparatus for manufacturing composite tubular articles
EP0962411A1 (de) * 1998-06-01 1999-12-08 A. CELLI S.p.A Wickelmaschine zum Formen von Rollen grossen Durchmessers bahnenförmigen Materials
DE202006012763U1 (de) * 2006-08-18 2006-10-19 Voith Patent Gmbh Rollenwickelvorrichtung zum Aufwickeln einer Materialbahn
DE102006043629A1 (de) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Voith Patent Gmbh Wickelmaschine mit Linearmotoren
EP2436626A2 (de) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-04 Voith Patent GmbH Rollenwickelvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wickelrollen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JOHN T. KANNEJEROME S. BERG: "HANDBOOK OF COMPOSITES", 1998, pages: 425 - 432

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT201900012891A1 (it) 2021-01-25
EP3770091B1 (de) 2022-06-08

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