EP3810880B1 - Unité de vitrage isolée de sécurité - Google Patents

Unité de vitrage isolée de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3810880B1
EP3810880B1 EP19732607.7A EP19732607A EP3810880B1 EP 3810880 B1 EP3810880 B1 EP 3810880B1 EP 19732607 A EP19732607 A EP 19732607A EP 3810880 B1 EP3810880 B1 EP 3810880B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass
glass pane
pane
glazing unit
equal
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EP19732607.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3810880A1 (fr
Inventor
Louis DELLIEU
Julien JEANFILS
Perrine LEYBROS
Zakaria HABIBI
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AGC Glass Europe SA
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AGC Glass Europe SA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/12—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to security insulated glazing units.
  • EP 1 828 530B discloses an improved window pane, attenuating the effect of a pressure or shock wave after an explosion in the manner of an insulating pane, which can be provided with retention safety elements and which can be manufactured simply and economically.
  • a flexible, elongated safety element for example in the form of a metal cable or wire, is placed in the edge groove of the window pane, at least one end of the safety element being fed out of the edge groove and thus emerging beyond the outer dimensions of the window pane.
  • the window pane is therefore captured with the aid of its safety element, which is attached to an element of sash or of building by its end fed out of the edge groove, and is prevented from making an uncontrolled movement.
  • the present invention relates to an insulating glazing unit configured for resisting to an overpressure of a blast wave, Pr, comprised between 100 kPa and 250 kPa.
  • the IGU extends along a plane, P, defined by a longitudinal axis, X, and a vertical axis, Z; having a width, W, measured along the longitudinal axis, X, and a length, L, measured along the vertical axis, Z, wherein the length, L, is equal to or greater than the width, W.
  • the IGU comprises a first glass pane facing the blast wave, a second glass pane and a spacer, maintaining a distance, D, between the first glass pane and the second glass pane.
  • the minimal flexural stiffness, Kmin prevents the contact between the first glass pane and the second glass pane under the overpressure of the blast wave, Pr.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross sectional view of an insulated glazing unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an insulated glazing unit (hereinafter referred to as IGU) configured for resisting to an overpressure of a blast wave, Pr, comprised between 100 kPa and 250 kPa (100 kPa ⁇ Pr ⁇ 250 kPa).
  • IGU insulated glazing unit
  • the distance D is typically comprised between 6 mm and 25 mm (6 mm ⁇ D ⁇ 25 mm), preferably between 9 mm and 20 mm (9 mm ⁇ D ⁇ 20 mm), more preferably between 9 mm and 15 mm (9 mm ⁇ D ⁇ 15 mm).
  • the IGU extends along a plane, P, defined by a longitudinal axis, X, and a vertical axis, Z. It has a width, W, measured along the longitudinal axis, X, and a length, L, measured along the vertical axis, Z, wherein the length, L is equal to or greater than the width, W (L ⁇ W).
  • the length, L, of the IGU of the present invention is equal to or greater than 1.5 m (L ⁇ 1.5 m), preferably equal to or greater than 2 m (L ⁇ 2 m).
  • the width, W, of the IGU of the present invention is equal or greater than 1.5 m (W ⁇ 1.5 mm), preferably equal to or greater than 2 m (L ⁇ 2 m).
  • Typical windows' surfaces for building applications reach 3 to 6 m 2 .
  • the first glass pane of the IGU of the present invention has a flexural stiffness, K1, equal to or greater than the minimal flexural stiffness, Kmin, (K1 ⁇ Kmin) expressed in Nm and calculated as per equation (A) below.
  • the glass pane of the IGU of the present invention may be a single monolithic pane or form a laminated assembly.
  • the effective thickness of such pane, hef1 is simply the thickness of the pane measured in the direction normal to the plane, P.
  • the effective thickness, hef1 is calculated as per Equation (B1).
  • the above method teaches how to calculate the effective laminate thickness of a laminated assembly comprising the first glass pane and one glass sheet. For laminated assemblies comprising more than one glass sheets, the calculation method between 2 panes, must be iteratively continued until a unique effective thickness, h er , has been calculated and all panes and corresponding polymer interlayer(s) have been considered.
  • the IGU of the present invention is configured for resisting to an overpressure of a blast wave, Pr, comprised between 100 kPa and 250 kPa, wherein the first glass pane of the IGU faces said blast wave.
  • the second glass has a thickness, h2, measured in the direction normal to the plane, P; equal to or greater than 0.006 m (h2 ⁇ 0.006 m), preferably equal to or greater than 0.008 m (h2 ⁇ 0.008 m), more preferably equal to or greater than 0.010 m (h2 ⁇ 0.010 m).
  • the second glass pane of the IGU of the present invention may be a single monolithic pane or form a laminated assembly.
  • the outer pane face of the second pane of the IGU of the present invention is further laminated to at least one glass sheet (4) by at least one polymer interlayer (5) forming a laminated assembly, as shown in figure 1 .
  • the thickness, h2 of such pane is simply measured in the direction normal to the plane, P.
  • the effective laminate thickness, h ef is the effective laminate thickness, that needs to be considered.
  • One example of a suitable ER4 glass pane to be used as the second glass pane of the IGU of the present invention can be made of a soda-lime glass pane of 10 mm, laminated to a first soda-lime glass sheet of 10 mm and to a second soda-lime glass sheet of 12 mm by Sentryglass ® ionoplast polymer interlayers of 0.76 mm, each.
  • Sentryglass ® ionoplast is a ionomer commercially available from the chemical company DuPont de Nemours. Table 3 illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention requiring the flexural stiffness, of the first glass pane and the corresponding resistance to explosion, ERx for the second pane.
  • the IGU of the present invention is typically used to close an opening within a partition such as in general-purpose glazing units, a build wall automotive glazing units or architectural glazing units, appliances...
  • This partition separates an exterior space from an interior space, typically separating the exterior space from the interior space of a building.
  • the IGU of the present invention will close an opening of a partition separating an exterior space from an interior space, whereby the first glass pane is facing the exterior space for an external threat or whereby the first glass pane is facing the interior space for an internal threat.
  • the IGU of the present embodiment could be configured to resist to the overpressure of a blast wave on both first and second glass panes.
  • the effective thickness of such pane, hef2 is simply the thickness of the pane measured in the direction normal to the plane, P.
  • the effective thickness, hef2 is calculated as per Equation (B2).
  • the flexural stiffness of the first glass pane, K1, and the flexural stiffness of the second glass pane, K2, may be different to respond to blast waves of different overpressures.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of an insulated glazing unit as defined above, to close the opening of a partition separating an exterior space from an interior space, and preferably wherein the first glass pane is facing the exterior space.
  • Figure 1 illustrates one preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein the first glass pane (1) has a thickness (h 1 ) and is coupled to the second glass pane (2) having a thickness (h 2 ) via a spacer (3) maintaining a distance, D, between the two glass panes and delimiting a volume, V.
  • the first pane faces the blast wave.
  • a glass sheet (4) having a thickness (h z ) is coupled to the outer face pane (13) first glass pane via a polymer interlayer (5) having a thickness (h v ).
  • Another glass sheet (42) having a thickness (h z2 ) is coupled to the outer pane face (23) of the second glass pane via a polymer interlayer (52) having a thickness (h v2 ).
  • the first and second glass panes of the IGU of the present invention as well as the additional glass sheets within laminated assemblies can be chosen among all flat glass technologies, among them: float clear, extra-clear or colored glass.
  • glass is herein understood to mean any type of glass or equivalent transparent material, such as a mineral glass.
  • the mineral glasses used may be irrespectively one or more known types of glass such as soda-lime-silica, aluminosilicate or borosilicate, crystalline and polycrystalline glasses.
  • the glass pane can be obtained by a floating process, a drawing process, a rolling process or any other process known to manufacture a glass pane starting from a molten glass composition.
  • the glass panes can optionally be edge-ground.
  • the glass pane according to the invention is a pane of soda-lime-silica glass, aluminosilicate glass or borosilicate glass.
  • films such as low emissivity films, solar control films (a heat ray reflection films), anti-reflective films, anti-fog films, preferably a heat ray reflection film or a low emissivity film, can be provided on at least one of the inner pane faces (12, 22) and/or outer pane faces (13, 23) of the first and/or second glass panes (1, 2) of the insulated glazing unit (10).
  • the first and second glass panes of the IGU of the present invention as well as the additional glass sheets within the laminated assembly can be prestressed glass.
  • prestressed glass it means a heat strengthened glass, a thermally toughened glass, or a chemically strengthened glass.
  • Heat strengthened glass is heat treated using a method of controlled heating and cooling which places the glass surfaces under compression and the core of the glass under tension. This heat treatment method delivers a glass with a bending strength greater than annealed glass but less than thermally toughened safety glass.
  • Thermally toughened glass is heat treated using a method of controlled heating and cooling which puts the glass surface under compression and the core glass under tension. Such stresses cause the glass, when impacted, to break into small granular particles instead of splintering into jagged shards. The granular particles are less likely to injure occupants or damage objects.
  • the composition for the first and second glass panes and/or the at least one glass sheet comprises the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass (Comp. A).
  • the glass composition (Comp. B) is a soda-lime-silicate-type glass with a base glass matrix of the composition comprising the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass.
  • the laminated assembly within the IGU of the present invention may typically comprise from 1 to 7 additional glass sheet(s), preferably from 1 to 4 additional glass sheet(s), more preferably from 1 to 2 additional glass sheets and corresponding additional layers of polymer interlayer(s).
  • Said glass sheet has typically a thickness, hz, comprised between 2 and 30 mm (2 mm ⁇ hz ⁇ 30 mm), preferably comprised between 4 and 25 mm (4 mm ⁇ hz ⁇ 25 mm), more preferably comprised between 4 and 15 mm (4 mm ⁇ hz ⁇ 125 mm), even comprised between 8 and 12 mm (8 mm ⁇ hz ⁇ 12 mm).
  • the thicknesses are measured in the direction normal to the plane, P.
  • the polymer interlayer to be used in the present invention typically comprises a material selected from the group consisting ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyisobutylene (PIB), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chlorides (PVC), polyesters, copolyesters, polyacetals, cyclo olefin polymers (COP), ionomers and/or an ultraviolet activated adhesive, and others known in the art of manufacturing glass laminates. Blended materials using any compatible combinations of these materials can be suitable as well.
  • the at least one polymer interlayer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate, and/or polyvinyl butyral, more preferably polyvinyl butyral.
  • the polymer interlayer is also designated as a "bonding interlayer" since the polymer interlayer and the glass pane form a bond that results in adhesion between the glass pane and the polymer interlayer
  • the polymer interlayer to be used in the present invention is a transparent or translucent polymer interlayer.
  • the polymer interlayer may be colored or patterned.
  • Typical thicknesses (measured in the direction normal to the plane, P) for the at least one polymer interlayer, h v are 0.3 mm to 3.5 mm, preferably 0.75 mm to 1.75 mm.
  • Commercially available polymer interlayers are polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layers of 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.52 mm, 2.28 m and 3.04 mm. To achieve the desired thickness, one or more of those layers can be used.
  • Another process known in the art and preferred for the present invention is the autoclave free laminated glass production. This process reduces energy costs but has the drawback of limiting the types and thickness of polymer interlayer. Autoclave free oven makes preferentially EVA and dedicated PVB laminated glass. In such case, to achieve the desired thickness and security requirements, one or more of those autoclave free polymer interlayers can be used.
  • Another process to produce a laminated glass is the vacuum bag process.
  • Said predetermined gas are effective for preventing heat transfer and/or may be used to reduce sound transmission.
  • Use of warm-edge spacers, often made of plastics tightened and/or reinforced with a metallic foil, is preferred to reduce thermal fluxes at the periphery of the insulating glass what is indeed particularly critical for frameless glass casements since the periphery of the glazing is not embedded in a frame.
  • Examples 1 to 3 illustrate different embodiments of IGU of the present invention, demonstrating the required resistance to explosion.
  • the value of G, the shear modulus of the PVB interlayer, is 1.17 10 8 Pa.
  • Example 1 Example 2
  • Kmin 6.01 10 4
  • Polymer Interlayer polyvinyl butyral hv 0.76 10 3 m polyvinyl buty
  • the second glass panes described in the tables A and B below may be used with the corresponding first glass panes of examples 1 to 3 above to form the IGUs of the present invention.
  • Table A - Second glass panes Example 1A
  • Example 4 illustrates one embodiment of an IGU of the present invention, demonstrating the required resistance to explosion of a blast wave of overpressure, Pr, of 150kPa.
  • Overpressure of the blast wave Pr 150 kPa
  • Example 5 illustrates one embodiment of an IGU of the present invention, demonstrating the required resistance to explosion of a blast wave of overpressure, Pr, of 100kPa.
  • Overpressure of the blast wave Pr 100 kPa
  • Pr 100 kPa
  • K1 9.58 10 +4 Nm Second glass pane being ER2
  • Example 6 illustrates one embodiment of an IGU of the present invention, wherein both the first glass pane and the second glass pane can face the blast wave and have the required minimal flexural stiffness to resist to explosion of a blast wave of overpressure, Pr, of 150kPa.

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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Unité de vitrage isolant (10) configuré pour résister à une surpression d'une onde de souffle, Pr, comprise entre 100 kPa et 250 kPa, (100 kPa ≤ Pr ≤ 250 kPa) ; s'étendant le long d'un plan, P, défini par un axe longitudinal, X, et un axe vertical, Z ; ayant une largeur, W, mesurée le long de l'axe longitudinal, X, et une longueur, L, mesurée le long de l'axe vertical, Z, la longueur, L, étant égale ou supérieure à la largeur, W, (L ≥ W) ; et comprenant un premier panneau vitré (1) faisant face à l'onde de souffle, un deuxième panneau vitré (2) et un espaceur (3), maintenant une distance, D, entre le premier panneau vitré et le deuxième panneau vitré ;
    caractérisée en ce que la longueur, L, est égale ou supérieure à 1,5 m (L ≥ 1,5 m) et la largeur, W, est égale ou supérieure à 1,5 m (W ≥ 1,5 m) ; et
    en ce que le premier panneau vitré a une rigidité à la flexion, K1, égale ou supérieure à une rigidité à la flexion minimale, Kmin, (K1 ≥ Kmin) : Kmin = 2 E f 3 3 1 − v 2 Nm
    Figure imgb0017
    E étant le module d'Young du verre et étant égal à 70 109 Pa ; v étant le coefficient de Poisson du verre et étant égal à 0,22 ; et f étant la fonction suivante : f = α 0 + α 1 L + α 2 W + α 3 Pr + α 4 (L- L 0)2 + α 5(W - W 0)2 + (Pr - Pr 0)2 + α 7(W - W 0) 3 + α 8(L - L 0)(Pr - Pr 0) + a 9(W - W 0) (Pr - Pr 0) + α 10(W - W 0)2(Pr - Pr 0) + α 11(W - W 0)(Pr - Pr 0)2 Fonction (f)
    L étant la longueur de l'unité de vitrage isolant ;
    W étant la largeur de l'unité de vitrage isolant ; et
    les paramètres à utiliser dans la fonction f étant : α0 -89.88E-3 m α1 8.09E-03 / α2 1.27E-02 / α3 6.27E-07 m/Pa α4 -1.58E-03 m -1 α5 -5.45E-03 m-1 α6 3.97E-12 m/Pa2 α7 -1.14E-11 Pa-1 α8 5.28E+1 m-2 α9 2.71E-07 Pa-1 α10 -1.43E-07 m-1Pa-1 α11 3.54E-12 Pa-2 L0 3 468.75E-3 m W0 2,25E-3 m Pr0 148.44E+3 Pa
    la rigidité à la flexion minimale, Kmin, empêchant le contact entre le premier panneau vitré et le deuxième panneau vitré sous la surpression de l'onde de souffle, Pr.
  2. Unité de vitrage isolant selon la revendication 1, le deuxième panneau vitré ayant une épaisseur, h2, mesurée dans la direction normale au plan, P ; égale ou supérieure à 0,006 m (h2 ≥ 0,006 m), de préférence égale ou supérieure à 0,008 m (h2 ≥ 0,008 m), plus préférablement égale ou supérieure à 0,010 m (h2 ≥ 0,010 m).
  3. Unité de vitrage isolant selon la revendication 2, configuré pour résister à une surpression d'une onde de souffle, Pr, égale ou supérieure à 150 kPa, (Pr ≥ 150 kPa) et l'épaisseur du deuxième panneau vitré étant égale ou supérieure à 0,008 m (h2 ≥ 0,008 m), de préférence égale ou supérieure à 0,010 m (h2 ≥ 0,010 m).
  4. Unité de vitrage isolant selon la revendication 3, configuré pour résister à une surpression d'une onde de souffle, Pr, égale ou supérieure à 200 kPa, (Pr ≥ 200 kPa), l'épaisseur du deuxième panneau vitré étant égale ou supérieure à 0,010 m (h2 ≥ 0,010 m).
  5. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le deuxième panneau vitré offrant une résistance contre une pression d'explosion de classification ERx, avec x = 2, 3 ou 4, telle que définie par la surpression de l'onde de souffle, Pr, conformément à la norme NBN EN 13541 (2012).
  6. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la distance, D, étant comprise entre 6 mm et 25 mm (6 mm ≤ D ≤ 25 mm), de préférence étant comprise entre 9 mm et 20 mm (9 mm ≤ D ≤ 20 mm), plus préférablement étant comprise entre 9 mm et 15 mm (9 mm ≤ D ≤ 15 mm).
  7. Unité de vitrage isolée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la longueur, L, est égale ou supérieure à 2 m (L ≥ 2 m).
  8. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la largeur, W, étant égale ou supérieure à 2 m (W ≥ 2 m).
  9. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le deuxième panneau vitré ayant une rigidité à la flexion, K2, égale ou supérieure à la rigidité à la flexion minimale, Kmin, (K2 ≥ Kmin).
  10. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le premier panneau vitré et/ou le deuxième panneau vitré étant des panneau (x) vitré(s) monolithique(s).
  11. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le premier panneau vitré ayant une face extérieure de vitre (13), le deuxième panneau vitré ayant une face extérieure de vitre (23) et au moins une des faces extérieures de vitre étant feuilletée sur au moins une feuille de verre (4) par au moins une couche intermédiaire de polymère (5) formant un ensemble feuilleté.
  12. Unité de vitrage isolant selon la revendication 11, l'ensemble feuilleté comprenant de une à sept feuilles de verre, de préférence de une à quatre feuilles de verre, plus préférablement de une à deux feuilles de verre.
  13. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 et 12, la couche intermédiaire de polymère étant un matériau choisi dans le groupe constitué par l'éthylène-acétate de vinyle, le polyisobutylène, le butyral de polyvinyle, le polyuréthane, les polymères de cyclo-oléfine, l'ionomère et/ou l'adhésif activé par les ultraviolets, de préférence étant le butyral de polyvinyle.
  14. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, le premier panneau vitré et le deuxième panneau vitré étant un ensemble feuilleté identique, de préférence positionné selon une symétrie orthogonale.
  15. Unité de vitrage isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 et 10 à 14, le deuxième panneau vitré ayant une face extérieure de vitre (23) couplée à un troisième panneau vitré le long de la périphérie de l'unité de vitrage isolant par l'intermédiaire d'une barre d'espacement périphérique, créant une cavité isolante scellée par un joint de bord périphérique.
EP19732607.7A 2018-06-21 2019-06-19 Unité de vitrage isolée de sécurité Active EP3810880B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18179130 2018-06-21
PCT/EP2019/066173 WO2019243410A1 (fr) 2018-06-21 2019-06-19 Vitrage de sécurité isolant

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EP3810880A1 EP3810880A1 (fr) 2021-04-28
EP3810880B1 true EP3810880B1 (fr) 2025-04-16

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Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001213645A (ja) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-07 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd 窓用複層ガラス
DE102004062060B3 (de) 2004-12-23 2006-05-18 Saint-Gobain Glass Deutschland Gmbh Fensterscheibe mit einem Sicherungselement
DE202008005366U1 (de) * 2008-04-17 2008-07-10 Sälzer Sicherheitstechnik GmbH Sprengwirkungshemmender Scheibenaufbau
KR20160138015A (ko) 2014-03-31 2016-12-02 에이쥐씨 글래스 유럽 화학 템퍼링 가능한 유리판
EP3031783A1 (fr) 2014-12-09 2016-06-15 AGC Glass Europe Feuille de verre chimiquement trempable
KR20170139005A (ko) 2015-04-21 2017-12-18 에이쥐씨 글래스 유럽 화학 템퍼링 가능한 유리판
EP3263534A1 (fr) 2016-06-27 2018-01-03 AGC Glass Europe Feuille de verre chimiquement trempable

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