EP3811005B1 - Système d'enneigement et procédé d'enneigement - Google Patents

Système d'enneigement et procédé d'enneigement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3811005B1
EP3811005B1 EP19729776.5A EP19729776A EP3811005B1 EP 3811005 B1 EP3811005 B1 EP 3811005B1 EP 19729776 A EP19729776 A EP 19729776A EP 3811005 B1 EP3811005 B1 EP 3811005B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
snow
making
water
refrigerating machine
making water
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EP19729776.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3811005C0 (fr
EP3811005A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich HOFER
Armin SPÖGLER
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Nivis GmbH Srl
Nivis GmbH Srl
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Nivis GmbH Srl
Nivis GmbH Srl
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Publication of EP3811005C0 publication Critical patent/EP3811005C0/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of technical snow production, for example for winter sports, both outdoors (e.g. ski slopes, cross-country ski trails, ski jumps) and indoors (e.g. indoor ski slopes).
  • outdoors e.g. ski slopes, cross-country ski trails, ski jumps
  • indoors e.g. indoor ski slopes
  • the water used to produce snow typically has a temperature of a few degrees above 0° C. when it is supplied to the at least one nozzle. After exiting the nozzle, the finely sprayed water in the ambient air quickly cools down to freezing point (approx. 0 °C) and freezes. The heat released in this process is at least partially dissipated by evaporative cooling, with part of the water emerging from the nozzle evaporating.
  • the formation of snow crystals begins with nucleation nuclei, which are usually formed by rapidly supercooling water with the help of expanding air at the water/air nozzles mentioned above or at special nucleator nozzles operated with compressed air.
  • JP H09 329379 A and WO 2012/115718 A2 disclose snow-making systems, the snow-making water being cooled with a chiller.
  • the invention is based on the finding that in snow-making systems with at least one water or water/air nozzle, the snow-forming properties are particularly good if the water ejected from the at least one nozzle reaches freezing temperature (approx. 0°C, depending on the the prevailing air pressure) or, in some configurations, already has this temperature when exiting the nozzle.
  • freezing temperature approximately 0°C, depending on the the prevailing air pressure
  • the colder the water ejected from the nozzle the less heat has to be dissipated and the easier it is for the nucleation seeds to form as the basis for the snow crystals.
  • the invention therefore proposes a snow-making system that has a snow-making assembly and a chiller.
  • the snow-making assembly can be a known snow gun (e.g. in the form of a fan gun or a lance snow gun). or at least be derived from such a known snow gun within the scope of the usual skill of the art and taking into account the teaching of the present document.
  • the refrigerating machine as such is either known per se or is derived from a known refrigerating machine within the scope of expert knowledge and taking into account the teaching of the present document.
  • the invention is primarily seen in the combination of the snow-making assembly and the chiller.
  • the snow-making method according to the invention also includes the combination of the steps that snow-making water is cooled by means of a chiller of a snow-making system according to the invention, and that the snow-making water cooled by the chiller and/or a mixture of air and the snow-making water cooled by the chiller through one or more nozzles of a snow-making assembly is/are ejected.
  • the method is carried out outdoors - i.e. in particular not in an indoor space such as a ski hall or other hall.
  • snow of good quality can be produced efficiently even at marginal temperatures - ie at wet bulb temperatures in the range from at most 0 °C to just below 0 °C.
  • the invention is not limited to this temperature range. If, in some configurations, the snow-making water is supercooled, it is even possible to produce snow at wet-bulb temperatures of slightly above 0°C.
  • the system according to the invention also has advantages at temperatures below the absolute limit range.
  • the water fed in has a temperature of around 0 °C, it will be heated to a few degrees above 0 °C by the geothermal heat before it reaches the snow guns. This is especially true in early winter, when a technical Snow production is particularly important for creating a good snow base.
  • the effects just mentioned can result in the snow-making water arriving at the snow-making devices being warmer than would be desirable for good snow production, even in cold weather conditions. This is practically always the case with ambient temperatures in the border area, because the evaporative cooling towers require a few degrees of temperature difference between the wet bulb temperature and the temperature of the snow-making water that can actually be achieved through evaporative cooling and then the above-mentioned heating on the way to the snow-making machines and through the pumps and pipes come in addition.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible to achieve efficient water cooling to a desired temperature range—which is generally lower than would be achievable with known systems at limit temperatures.
  • a desired temperature range which is generally lower than would be achievable with known systems at limit temperatures.
  • embodiments of the invention can be designed in such a way that in all weather conditions that are generally suitable for snow production, the snow-making water has a maximum temperature of 4.0 °C and preferably a maximum of 2.0 °C when it exits from the one or more nozzles and even more preferably at most 1.0°C.
  • the snow-making water is supercooled by the refrigeration machine, so that it has a temperature of less than 0.0° C. when it exits from the one or more nozzles.
  • nucleation nuclei form immediately upon exiting the nozzle or nozzles, which are then immediately in thermal equilibrium with the droplets of the snow-making water that is also emitted.
  • the snow-making assembly has one or more nozzles for ejecting snow-making water and/or a mixture of air and snow-making water
  • the snow-making assembly may also contain additional nozzles that are provided in addition to the "one or more nozzles" mentioned. In some configurations, however, all the nozzles of the snow-making assembly have the properties claimed.
  • the chiller and snow making assembly are integrated into a single device or assembly.
  • the chiller and snow-making assembly may rest on a common foundation and/or be attached to a common frame and/or be built into a common housing.
  • the chiller and the snow-making assembly are two separate assemblies.
  • the cooling machine and the snow-making assembly have a relatively small spatial distance from one another, which is, for example, at most 10.0 m and preferably at most 3.0 m. Such a small spatial distance helps to avoid undesired heating of the water cooled by the chiller in a line leading to the snow-making assembly.
  • embodiments of the invention are also provided in which this distance is greater.
  • the chiller and the snow-making assembly are interconnected by a chilled snow-making water duct (insulated or non-insulated) that is in the ambient air and/or inside an enclosure and/or in the ground, but shallower than the Frost depth runs.
  • a chilled snow-making water duct insulated or non-insulated
  • a line network which has at least one main water line fed by a reservoir or reservoir and a number of branch lines branching off from it.
  • the chiller is in the same branch line as the snow making assembly.
  • the snow-making system has a plurality of snow-making assemblies and a plurality of cooling machines, which are each assigned to one another individually (ie in a 1:1 relationship).
  • the chiller only supplies its associated snow-making assembly with chilled snow-making water, and the snow-making assembly is supplied exclusively by this chiller. This does not preclude the provision of additional snow-making assemblies and/or additional chillers in such systems that do not have the stated 1:1 relationship.
  • the snow-making water in a heat exchanger of the refrigeration machine is at least half the operating pressure at which the snow-making assembly receives the snow-making water.
  • the snow-making system does not have its own feed pumps for the snow-making water, so that the inlet pressure of the snow-making water at the chiller is approximately as high or slightly higher (due to the pressure loss in a heat exchanger of the chiller through which the snow-making water flows) than the operating pressure.
  • the operating pressure can be more than 2 bar or preferably more than 5 bar or even more preferably more than 10 bar.
  • the snow-making water in the heat exchanger of the refrigeration machine is at least 80% or at least 90% or at least 100% of the operating pressure with which the snow-making assembly receives the snow-making water.
  • the snowmaking water in a heat exchanger of the refrigerating machine is at least half the operating pressure at which at least one nozzle receives the snowmaking water, and preferably at least 80% or at least 90% or at least 100% of this operating pressure.
  • the cooling machine and/or the snow-making assembly as such can be designed in various ways that are known per se or are obvious per se.
  • the refrigerating machine can have an economizer and/or an intermediate cooling circuit.
  • the snow-making assembly may further include at least one water jet pump as specified in EP 1 456 588 B1 is described. In general, in many configurations, the snow-making assembly is set up to work in uncooled and/or uncompressed ambient air.
  • the snow-making system is set up to exclusively discharge snow-making water that has been cooled by the cooling machine, at least under some temperature conditions.
  • additional water not cooled by the chiller is still discharged.
  • This additional water can, for example, come directly from a reservoir or reservoir, in which case evaporative cooling can take place, but does not necessarily have to take place.
  • Such embodiments can have a high maximum power with particularly good efficiency.
  • the heat exchanger through which the refrigerating machine transfers the heat extracted from the snow-making water to an energy sink, can be designed in different ways.
  • an air heat exchanger is provided, which transfers heat from a refrigerant in a cooling circuit of the refrigeration machine to air, in particular to ambient air.
  • an underground heat exchanger is provided as an alternative or in addition, which emits heat into the ground, and/or a heat exchanger, which emits heat from the refrigerant to water or another cooling medium.
  • the water or other cooling medium to which the heat is given off can be, for example, a watercourse or pond or basin, or also a cooling medium of a wider circuit, which in turn is cooled by a ground heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger for releasing heat from a refrigerant to air is arranged on at least one section of an outer lateral surface of the blower tube.
  • a heat exchanger for releasing heat from a refrigerant to air is arranged on at least one section of an outer lateral surface of the blower tube.
  • the aspect is also considered to be an invention in its own right, teaching a particularly convenient location for attaching a heat exchanger to a fan pipe for a propeller snow machine, but is presently claimed only as part of a snow making system according to the invention.
  • the heat exchanger can be designed as a cooling coil and/or air originating from the interior of the blower tube can be allowed to flow over the heat exchanger and/or an outer cover of the heat exchanger can be provided.
  • a snow-making system 10 is shown in each case with a snow-making assembly 12 and a refrigeration machine 14, which are connected to one another by a line 16 for chilled snow-making water K.
  • the refrigerating machine 14 is in turn supplied with snow-making water B from a reservoir or a reservoir (not shown). fed, which is not or at most cooled in the embodiments described here by a central evaporative cooling.
  • the invention is not restricted to snow-making systems 10 with a single snow-making assembly 12 and a single refrigerating machine 14, even if primarily such systems are described below for better understanding. Rather, snow-making systems 10 according to the invention can have multiple snow-making assemblies 12 and/or multiple chillers 14 and/or other components, such as a line network (not shown in the figures) with a main line and multiple branch lines.
  • the snow-making assembly 12 has at least one nozzle assembly 18, which according to the embodiments described herein Fig. 1 - Fig. 6 in each case a plurality of nozzles 20.1, 20.2, 20.3, ... - referred to collectively as "20.x" below - contains.
  • each of the nozzles 20.x can be designed as a water nozzle or water/air nozzle or in other special designs (eg as a nucleator nozzle).
  • the water or water/air mixture ejected from the nozzles 20.x or at least some of the nozzles 20.x is cooled snow-making water K or has at least a proportion of cooled snow-making water K.
  • the nozzles 20.x are located in uncompressed ambient air or, in the case of propeller machines, in the air jet generated by the propeller, which is also to be understood as “uncompressed ambient air” in the wording used here. If the snowmaking system is installed outdoors, the ambient air is also uncooled. If the snowmaking system is installed indoors (eg in a ski hall), all of the ambient air in the ski hall may be cooled, but there is no additional cooling associated with the snowmaking system. In the choice of words used here, this should also be understood as “uncooled ambient air”.
  • the snow-making subassembly 12 can be designed in various structural forms known per se, for example as a propeller machine ("snow cannon”) or as a snow lance gun.
  • FIG. 1 shows a particularly simple configuration of the snow-making assembly 12, in which only water nozzles 20.x are provided, which only use cooled snow-making water Eject K into uncompressed and uncooled ambient air. More complex embodiments are the subject of Fig. 2 - Fig. 6 and are described below.
  • the refrigeration machine 14 has, in a manner known per se, a cooling circuit 22 which contains a refrigerant M separate from the snow-making water B, K.
  • a cooling circuit 22 which contains a refrigerant M separate from the snow-making water B, K.
  • Fig. 1 - Fig. 4 is shown schematically the basic form of a refrigerator 14, in which a first heat exchanger 24, a throttle element 26, a second heat exchanger 28 and a compressor 30 are provided.
  • the first heat exchanger 24, which can be designed as a condenser, for example, dissipates heat from the coolant M to the environment.
  • the refrigerant M can condense in some configurations, while no phase transition takes place in other embodiments.
  • the throttle element 26 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant M.
  • the refrigerant M is therefore able to withdraw heat from the snow-making water B supplied in the second heat exchanger 28, which can be designed, for example, as an evaporator. This results in the cooled snow-making water K.
  • the heated and possibly now vaporous refrigerant M is fed back to the first heat exchanger 24 via the compressor 30, as a result of which the cycle process is closed.
  • the various configurations of the snow-making assembly 12, as shown in Fig. 1 - Fig. 6 are shown and described here, arbitrarily with the various configurations of the refrigeration machine 14, as are also shown in Fig. 1 - Fig. 6 shown and described herein can be combined.
  • the invention thus includes, for example, at least all snow-making systems in which any snow-making assembly 12 according to one of the drawings 1-6 with any chiller 14 according to another of the drawing figures 1-6 is used.
  • a modified snow-making system 10 in which the nozzle assembly 18 is supplied with a mixture of air and the cooled snow-making water K by a water jet pump 32 .
  • the nozzles 20.x are designed as water/air nozzles.
  • the cooled snow-making water K serves as a driving medium for the water jet pump, which in turn sucks in uncompressed ambient air at an inlet 34 and mixes this air with the cooled snow-making water K.
  • the snowmaking water/air mixture produced in this way is ejected through the nozzles 20.x.
  • This principle of operation is off as such EP1 456588 B1 known. It goes without saying that, in further modifications, a plurality of nozzle assemblies 18 each with a plurality of nozzles 20.x can be provided.
  • This in 3 Snowmaking system 10 shown is similar to the system of 1 , but with one or more of the nozzles 20.x - in 3 the nozzle 20.3, for example, is designed as a nucleator nozzle for generating freezing nuclei.
  • the nucleator nozzle 20.3 is supplied with the cooled snow-making water K and with compressed air, which in turn is obtained from the ambient air by means of a compressor 36 .
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a snow-making system 10 with a plurality of nozzle assemblies 18 which are supplied partly by the cooled snow-making water K and partly by additional water Z.
  • the additional water Z comes from the same main and branch line as the cooled snow-making water K, but the additional water Z is not cooled by the refrigerating machine 14 .
  • there is also a hydraulic connection 40 for example a controllable or fixed throttle device or a controllable or fixed valve, for mixing the cooled snow-making water K and the additional water Z, while in other configurations there is no such connection.
  • the nozzles 20.1-20.9 are exclusively supplied with cooled snow-making water K, and the nozzles 20.10-20.15 are exclusively supplied with additional water Z.
  • the nozzles 20.x are supplied with a mixture of the cooled snow-making water K and the additional water Z—possibly in variable mixing ratios. It is understood that in further embodiments, several hydraulic Connections 40 - for example controllable valves or fixed mixers - can be provided in order to produce different mixtures of the cooled snow-making water K and the make-up water Z, which are routed to different nozzle assemblies 18.
  • the nozzle assemblies 18 in 4 are shown partly with and partly without water jet pumps 32. It goes without saying that this is merely an exemplary arrangement and that many other configurations in which make-up water Z is used are possible and provided for. Furthermore, in 4 each nozzle assembly 18 associated with a valve 38, with which the water supply of this nozzle assembly 18 can be adjusted depending on the operating conditions. This enables good adaptation to a wide variety of operating situations and weather conditions.
  • FIGs 5 and 6 show modifications of the cooling machine 14, which can be combined with all the configurations of the snow-making assembly 12 described here.
  • an economizer 42 is provided in the cooling circuit 22, that is to say a further heat exchanger which increases the efficiency of the refrigeration machine 14 because it already heats up refrigerant M, which comes from the second heat exchanger 28, before the compressor 30.
  • an intermediate circuit 44 with a further heat exchanger 46 and a pump 48 is provided.
  • the intermediate circuit 44 has a cooling medium MM that differs from the coolant M in the cooling circuit 22 .
  • the cooling medium MM can be a water/glycol mixture.
  • the use of an intermediate circuit 44 has the particular advantage of increased structural freedom in the design of the refrigerating machine 14.
  • a snow-making system 10 of the type described above receives snow-making water B at a temperature of approximately 4°C - 8°C.
  • the cooling machine 14 produces chilled snow-making water K with a temperature of 0.0°C.
  • the snow-making water K has a temperature of approximately 0.5° when it passes through the nozzles 20.x (as water or as a water/air mixture).
  • C At a temperature of the ambient air slightly below 0 °C, nucleation nuclei form immediately, on which the remaining snowmaking water K quickly accumulates in the form of a snowflake.
  • the refrigeration machine K produces supercooled snow-making water K at a temperature of -1.5°C.
  • This snow-making water K has a temperature of approximately -1.0° C. when it passes through the nozzles 20.x and emerges from them. At ambient temperatures below 0°C, snow formation occurs almost immediately. Even if the ambient air temperature is slightly above 0°C, snow can still be produced.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show an example of an embodiment of the snow-making system 10 as a propeller snow machine, which has a housing 50 and a blower tube 52 with a powerful propeller blower 54 (eg with 3-25 kW power).
  • the nozzle assembly 18 is disposed on the blower tube 52 or is integrated into the blower tube 52 as part of the latter.
  • the housing 50 and the fan tube 52 form an assembly. This design is known as such and is colloquially referred to as a "snow cannon".
  • the nozzle assembly 18 has a plurality of nozzles 20.1, 20.2, 20.3, .
  • the nozzle collar or nozzle ring can be subdivided into several individual nozzle blocks.
  • the nozzle assembly 18 has only a single nozzle, which can be arranged centrally in the blower tube 52, for example.
  • a frame 56 is also provided which holds the housing 50 and which serves to set up and anchor the propeller snow machine and simplifies its transport. It is understood that this frame 56 can be omitted in some configurations.
  • the housing 50 and the blower tube 52 are not directly connected to each other, but both are fixed to the frame 56, respectively. In this case, the housing 50, the blower tube 52 and the frame 56 together form an assembly.
  • the cooling machine 14 In the housing 50 are the cooling machine 14 and possibly some components of the snow-making assembly 12, such as in the embodiment of FIG 2 the water jet pump 32 provided therein or in other embodiments an air compressor and injectors. Also included in the housing 50 are electrical controls and lines for water distribution.
  • the blower tube 52 and the components structurally associated therewith form the main part of the snow-making assembly 12, or in some embodiments the entire snow-making assembly 12.
  • a cooling register 60 is arranged on an outer lateral surface 58 of the blower tube 52, which in the exemplary embodiments described here serves as the heat exchanger 24 for discharging heat from the refrigerant M to air.
  • the cooling register 60 has, in a manner known per se, one or more cooling line(s) 62 running in a U-shape or in a serpentine manner, which are partially surrounded by lamellar structures 64 and/or are thermally connected.
  • the lamellar structures 64 can be designed in many different ways and can have, for example, individual lamellar elements and/or meandering lamellar plates and/or lamellar plates with projections.
  • the heat exchanger 24 designed here as a cooling register 60 follows the outer lateral surface 58 in its general shape and curvature and is arranged close to this lateral surface 58 .
  • the cooling register 60 can be located in a radial area of at most 25 cm or preferably at most 10 cm around the outer lateral surface 58 .
  • the cooling register 60 does not generally completely enclose the outer lateral surface 58, but can be arranged on the outer lateral surface 58 in an angular range totaling at least 45° or at least 90° or at least 180°. In some embodiments, the cooling register 60 is divided into two or more sections, which each occupy an angular range of at least 20° or 20°-120° or 20°-90° or 20°-30° on the outer lateral surface 58, for example. In particular, as in 7 and 8 shown by way of example, be provided on one or both sides of the outer lateral surface 58.
  • the blower tube 52 has openings or holes (in 7 and 8 not shown) in its lateral surface 58 through which, during operation of the propeller snow machine, cold ambient air, which is pressed by the propeller fan 54 into the fan tube 52, exits laterally and flows over the heat exchanger 24.
  • the blower tube 52 may be provided with many small holes, or with one or a few slots or other openings. In this way, the cooling effect of the heat exchanger 24 is significantly increased under many operating conditions.
  • At least one outer cover (in 7 and 8 not shown) is provided, which prevents the air heated by the heat exchanger 24 from entering the main air flow of the propeller snow machine and impairing snow production there.
  • This cover may, for example, take the form of curved cover sections (in 7 and 8 not shown) made of sheet metal or plastic, which approximately follow the outer shape of the fan pipe 52 with the cooling register 60 located thereon.
  • An air guide rail 66 serves as an upper stop for these cover sections and deflects the air heated by the cooling register 60 upwards. If the air heated by the cooling register 60 exits upwards in the area of the air guide rail 66, an impairment of snow production can be ruled out.

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Claims (15)

  1. Système d'enneigement (10), qui présente :
    un module de production de neige (12), qui est conçu comme enneigeur ventilateur ou comme lance à neige, et qui est configuré pour recevoir de l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) et qui présente une ou plusieurs buses (20.x) pour l'éjection de l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) et/ou d'un mélange d'air et de l'eau d'enneigement (B, K), le module de production de neige (12) étant configuré de telle sorte que la ou les plusieurs buses (20.x) se trouve ou se trouvent lors du fonctionnement du module de production de neige (12) dans de l'air ambiant non comprimé, respectivement dans le cas d'un enneigeur ventilateur, dans un jet d'air produit par une hélice ; et
    une machine réfrigérante (14) ayant au moins un circuit de refroidissement (22), qui contient un réfrigérant (M) séparé de l'eau d'enneigement (B, K), la machine réfrigérante (14) étant configurée pour refroidir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) avant qu'elle ne soit amenée au module de production de neige (12),
    caractérisé par le fait que
    le module de production de neige (12) est configuré pour recevoir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) avec une pression de fonctionnement, l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) dans un échangeur de chaleur (28) de la machine réfrigérante (14) étant au-dessous d'au moins la moitié de la pression de fonctionnement lorsque le système d'enneigement (10) fonctionne.
  2. Système d'enneigement (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la machine réfrigérante (14) et le module de production de neige (12) sont espacés d'une distance spatiale d'au plus 10,0 m et, de préférence, d'au plus 3,0 m.
  3. Système d'enneigement (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la machine réfrigérante (14) et le module de production de neige (12) sont intégrés en un seul module.
  4. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que :
    le système d'enneigement (10) présente en outre un réseau de conduites ayant au moins une conduite d'eau principale, à partir de laquelle partent plusieurs conduites de dérivation, et caractérisé en outre par le fait que la machine réfrigérante (14) et le module de production de neige (12) se trouvent dans la même conduite de dérivation, ou
    le système d'enneigement (10) présente une pluralité de modules de production de neige (12) et une pluralité de machines réfrigérantes (14), chacun des modules de production de neige (12) étant individuellement associé à l'une de la pluralité de machines réfrigérantes (14).
  5. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que la machine réfrigérante (14) est configurée pour refroidir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) autant que l'eau d'enneigement (B, K), lorsqu'elle traverse la ou les plusieurs buses (20.x), présente une température d'au plus 4,0 °C et, de préférence, d'au plus 2,0 °C et, encore plus préférentiellement, d'au plus 1,0 °C et plus préférentiellement de moins de 0,0 °C.
  6. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que :
    la machine réfrigérante (14) est configurée pour refroidir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) à une température qui est inférieure à la température de bulbe humide respective dans l'environnement de la machine réfrigérante (14) ; et/ou
    la machine réfrigérante (14) est configurée pour recevoir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) avec une pression d'entrée qui est au moins la moitié de la pression de fonctionnement et, de préférence, au moins aussi élevée que la pression de fonctionnement.
  7. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que :
    la machine réfrigérante (14) est configurée pour refroidir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) à une température qui est inférieure à la température de bulbe humide respective dans l'environnement de la machine réfrigérante (14) ; et/ou
    au moins une buse (20.x) de l'une ou des plusieurs buses (20.x) est configurée pour recevoir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) avec une pression de fonctionnement de buse, et que l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) dans l'échangeur de chaleur (28) de la machine réfrigérante (14) se trouve au-dessous d'au moins la moitié de la pression de fonctionnement de buse lors du fonctionnement du système d'enneigement (10).
  8. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que :
    le système d'enneigement (10) est exempt de pompes d'alimentation pour l'eau d'enneigement (B, K), et/ou
    la machine réfrigérante (14) présente un économiseur (42) et/ou un circuit intermédiaire (44).
  9. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que :
    le module de production de neige (12) est configuré pour éjecter l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) et/ou le mélange eau d'enneigement/air dans l'air ambiant, ce, de préférence, dans l'air ambiant non refroidi et/ou non comprimé, et/ou
    le module de production de neige (12) présente en outre au moins une pompe à jet d'eau (32) qui est configurée pour recevoir l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) refroidie par la machine réfrigérante (14) en tant que fluide moteur et pour aspirer de l'air ambiant non comprimé et le mélanger avec l'eau d'enneigement (B, K), et qui est en outre configurée pour envoyer le mélange eau d'enneigement/air produit à une buse (20.x) ou, si le module de production de neige (12) présente plusieurs buses (20.x), à au moins l'une de ces plusieurs buses (20.x).
  10. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que :
    le module de production de neige (12) est en outre configuré pour recevoir de l'eau additionnelle (Z) qui doit également être éjectée par la ou les plusieurs buses (20.1-20.9) ou par au moins une buse supplémentaire (20.10-20.15), l'eau additionnelle (Z) n'étant pas refroidie par la machine réfrigérante (14),
    le module de production de neige (12) présentant, de préférence, une liaison hydraulique (40) pour le mélange de l'eau additionnelle (Z) avec l'eau d'enneigement refroidie (K).
  11. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que le système d'enneigement (10) présente un tube de ventilateur (52) avec un ventilateur à hélice (54) disposé à l'intérieur, et qu'un échangeur de chaleur (24) de la machine réfrigérante (14) servant à céder de la chaleur du réfrigérant (M) à l'air est disposé sur au moins une section d'une surface d'enveloppe extérieure (58) du tube de ventilateur (52).
  12. Système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que la machine réfrigérante (14) présente un échangeur de chaleur (24) pour céder de la chaleur du réfrigérant (M) à l'air ou dans le sol ou à l'eau ou à un autre fluide de refroidissement.
  13. Système d'enneigement (10) selon la revendication 11, caractérisé par le fait que l'échangeur de chaleur (24) servant à céder de la chaleur du réfrigérant (M) est agencé comme batterie de refroidissement (60) ayant au moins une conduite de refroidissement (62) pour le réfrigérant (M) et au moins un élément à lamelles (64) pour céder la chaleur à l'air.
  14. Système d'enneigement (10) selon la revendication 11 ou la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que :
    la surface d'enveloppe extérieure (58) présente des ouvertures ou des trous à travers lesquels l'air provenant de l'intérieur du tube de ventilateur (52) est capable de circuler sur l'échangeur de chaleur (24), et/ou
    un recouvrement extérieur de l'échangeur de chaleur (24) est prévu.
  15. Procédé d'enneigement, ayant les étapes :
    refroidissement d'eau d'enneigement (B, K) au moyen d'une machine réfrigérante (14) d'un système d'enneigement (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, et
    éjection de l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) refroidie par la machine réfrigérante (14) et/ou d'un mélange d'air et de l'eau d'enneigement (B, K) refroidie par la machine réfrigérante (14) par la ou les plusieurs buses (20.x) du module de production de neige (12),
    le procédé étant effectué en plein air.
EP19729776.5A 2018-06-21 2019-06-15 Système d'enneigement et procédé d'enneigement Active EP3811005B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18179023.9A EP3587966A1 (fr) 2018-06-21 2018-06-21 Système d'enneigement et procédé d'enneigement
PCT/EP2019/065789 WO2019243208A1 (fr) 2018-06-21 2019-06-15 Système d'enneigement, tuyau de soufflante et procédé d'enneigement

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EP3811005A1 EP3811005A1 (fr) 2021-04-28
EP3811005B1 true EP3811005B1 (fr) 2023-06-07
EP3811005C0 EP3811005C0 (fr) 2023-06-07

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EP19729776.5A Active EP3811005B1 (fr) 2018-06-21 2019-06-15 Système d'enneigement et procédé d'enneigement

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Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1332517C (fr) * 1988-06-22 1994-10-18 Malcolm Geoege Clulow Materiel pour fabriquer de la neige
JPH09329379A (ja) * 1996-06-10 1997-12-22 Kensaburou Katou 人工雪製造装置
RU2298138C2 (ru) 2001-11-11 2007-04-27 НИВИС ГмбХ-СРЛ Аппарат для изготовления снега и способ его эксплуатации
DE102004026376A1 (de) 2004-05-29 2005-12-15 Innovag AG Aktiengesellschaft für innovative Industrietechnik Innenraum-Schneeanlage
FR2946734B1 (fr) * 2009-06-11 2011-07-01 Max Duplan Equipement de chauffage ou de refroidissement comportant une pompe a chaleur geothermique associee a une installation de production de neige de culture
US20130264032A1 (en) * 2011-02-26 2013-10-10 Naeem Ahmad Snow/ ice making & preserving methods
CN107024049A (zh) 2017-06-01 2017-08-08 深圳市新力合制冰技术有限公司 新型造雪装置

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WO2019243208A1 (fr) 2019-12-26
EP3811005C0 (fr) 2023-06-07
EP3811005A1 (fr) 2021-04-28
EP3587966A1 (fr) 2020-01-01

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