EP3840399B1 - Lautsprecher und soundbar - Google Patents

Lautsprecher und soundbar

Info

Publication number
EP3840399B1
EP3840399B1 EP19218959.5A EP19218959A EP3840399B1 EP 3840399 B1 EP3840399 B1 EP 3840399B1 EP 19218959 A EP19218959 A EP 19218959A EP 3840399 B1 EP3840399 B1 EP 3840399B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
speaker
acoustic
vent
loudspeaker
video
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19218959.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3840399A1 (de
EP3840399C0 (de
Inventor
Peter MØLLER
Facundo Ramon
Martin Rung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GN Hearing AS
Original Assignee
GN Hearing AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GN Hearing AS filed Critical GN Hearing AS
Priority to EP19218959.5A priority Critical patent/EP3840399B1/de
Publication of EP3840399A1 publication Critical patent/EP3840399A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3840399B1 publication Critical patent/EP3840399B1/de
Publication of EP3840399C0 publication Critical patent/EP3840399C0/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2853—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line
    • H04R1/2857—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2819—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2823—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2826—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2873—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself for loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a loudspeaker and to a soundbar comprising such a loudspeaker.
  • the invention may e.g. be used to reduce sound-induced vibrations in a loudspeaker or in a soundbar and connected equipment.
  • Soundbars are typically used for providing sound during display of video content on flat video displays. Soundbars exist in many variations including e.g. configurations specific to providing mono, stereo or surround-sound. A soundbar is typically mounted mechanically separated from the video display.
  • Some cameras further process signals from individual pixels, or groups of pixels, in their sensors e.g. to detect movements of conference participants in a meeting or lip movements, to stitch multiple sensor images into a combined video image, or to otherwise enhance the video image, and such cameras may be more sensitive to vibrations.
  • the speaker unit 1 shown in an axial section in FIG. 1 comprises a tubular side wall 2, a rear wall 3 and a speaker driver 4.
  • the side wall 2 has a front end 5 and a rear end 6.
  • the speaker driver 4 is arranged at the front end 5 of the side wall 2.
  • the rear wall 3 is substantially circular and is arranged at the rear end 6 of the side wall 2.
  • the side wall 2, the rear wall 3 and the speaker driver 4 together separate a rear cavity 7 from the environment 8.
  • the speaker driver 4 comprises a speaker diaphragm 9 arranged to reciprocate in an axial direction parallel to a center line 10 that extends through the center 11 of the speaker diaphragm 9.
  • the side wall 2 has a substantially circular-cylindric shape, and the center line 10 coincides with the cylinder axis of the side wall 2.
  • the speaker driver 4 may be connected to a power amplifier (not shown) providing an electric driver signal, and the speaker driver 4 comprises a transducer mechanism 12 that causes the speaker diaphragm 9 to reciprocate in dependence on the driver signal.
  • suitable transducer mechanisms 12 include e.g. electrodynamic, electromagnetic, electrostatic, piezoelectric and/or thermoelectric electroacoustic or electromechanics mechanisms.
  • the terms “axial” and “radial” refer to the respective commonly known directions in a cylindrical coordinate system with the center line 10 as longitudinal axis.
  • the term “tangential” refers to directions relative to a point in space at a non-zero distance from the center line 10, wherein the directions are perpendicular both to the center line 10 and to a radial line from the center line 10 through that point.
  • the term “front” refers to a direction from the rear end 6 towards the front end 5, and the term “rear” refers to the opposite direction.
  • the speaker diaphragm 9 is circular with a diameter of 50 mm.
  • the maximum radial extension of the speaker diaphragm 9 is thus also 50 mm.
  • the speaker driver 4 has an annular mounting flange 13 with an outer diameter f of 55 mm, slightly larger than the diameter of the speaker diaphragm 9.
  • the outer diameter of the side wall 2 is 60 mm, slightly larger than the diameter of the mounting flange 13, such that the speaker driver 4 can be mounted with the mounting flange 13 at the front end 5 of the side wall 2 without extending radially outside the side wall 2.
  • the length of the side wall 2 is 110 mm, providing a volume of the rear cavity of about 0.3 liters.
  • frequency range refers to this continuous portion of the frequency scale wherein the frequency response of the speaker unit 1 is flat within ⁇ 6 dB.
  • other dimensions may be chosen, both larger and smaller, e.g. to adapt the speaker unit 1 to other frequency ranges and/or to specific size constraints.
  • the side wall 2 and the rear wall 3 are mechanically connected to function as a loudspeaker enclosure.
  • the moving mass and the compliance of the speaker driver 4 determines its resonant frequency.
  • the low-frequency response of the speaker unit 1 is further affected by properties of the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3, and may further be affected by filter circuits and/or the transducer mechanism 12. This typically results in the speaker unit 1 having a frequency-dependent electrical impedance with a peak at the lower end of its frequency range, which peak defines the system resonant frequency.
  • the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3 functions as a "sealed” loudspeaker enclosure.
  • the frequency response decreases by 12dB/octave when the frequency moves below the system resonant frequency.
  • Compressible air trapped in the rear cavity 7 inside the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3 acts as a spring that returns the speaker diaphragm 9 to the "zero" position in the absence of a driver signal.
  • the compressible air thus provides an acoustic compliance to sound generated by the speaker diaphragm 9.
  • the above-mentioned example dimensions of the rear cavity 7 cause the trapped air to provide an acoustic compliance of about 2.10 -9 m 5 /N.
  • the speaker unit 1 may comprise a filling of fibrous material, such as fiberglass, bonded acetate fiber (BAF) or long-fiber wool, arranged in the rear cavity 7 to increase its acoustic compliance and thus lower the system resonant frequency.
  • the speaker unit 1 may preferably comprise a leak opening 14, e.g. through the side wall 2 and/or the rear wall 3, that provides a small leak between the rear cavity 7 and the environment 8 so that internal and external pressures can equalise over time, e.g. over one or more minutes, or over an even longer time, to compensate for e.g. barometric pressure variations.
  • the leak opening 14 may have a cross-sectional area of e.g. about 1 mm 2 , or even smaller.
  • one or more leak openings 14 may instead or additionally be provided by a porous speaker diaphragm 9 and/or by an intentionally imperfect sealing of the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3.
  • the main cause of mechanical vibration is typically the vibration of the speaker diaphragm 9.
  • the speaker diaphragm 9 itself and parts of the transducer mechanism 12, such as e.g. an electric coil, attached to it constitute a vibrating mass that exerts an axial vibration force onto the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3.
  • the acoustic impedances of air in the environment 8 and air in the rear cavity 7 exert reactive axial vibration forces on the speaker diaphragm 9, and these vibration forces are also transferred to the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3, thereby increasing mechanical vibration of the speaker unit 1.
  • Mechanical vibrations may generally be confined to mainly the axial direction by providing a sufficiently rigid side wall 2 and by centering the speaker diaphragm 9 with respect to the side wall 2.
  • the side wall 2, the rear wall 3 and/or the speaker driver 4 may have non-circular shapes or cross-sections, such as e.g. rectangular, quadratic or hexagonal shapes or cross-sections.
  • the side wall 2 may have a non-cylindric shape, such as e.g. a tapered or a frusto-conical shape.
  • the embodiment of the speaker unit 1 shown in FIG. 2 equals the embodiment of the speaker unit 1 of FIG. 1 with the exception that the leak opening 14 is replaced with or complemented by a first and a second rear vent 20 that each fluidly connects the rear cavity 7 with the environment 8 and provides a significantly increased acoustic inertance, or "acoustic mass", to sound waves passing through.
  • the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3 thus functions as a "bass reflex" loudspeaker enclosure.
  • the rear vents 20 are dimensioned to allow low-frequency sound waves to pass through, and the pressure equalisation thus happens in fractions of a second, such as e.g. faster than 0.3 seconds or faster than 0.1 seconds.
  • Sound generated by the speaker diaphragm 9 causes air to reciprocate in the rear vents 20, and the reciprocating air constitutes a moving mass with an inertia that provides an acoustic inertance.
  • the acoustic inertance interacts with the acoustic compliance of compressible air in the rear cavity 7 to form a Helmholtz resonator with a usually well-defined vent resonant frequency.
  • the vent resonant frequency may be adjusted by modifying properties of the moving air mass, e.g. by modifying the cross-sectional area of the rear vent 20, by modifying the length of the rear vent 20, and/or by providing dampening material in the rear vent 20.
  • the vent resonant frequency is typically tuned to a frequency slightly below the system resonant frequency, such that low-frequency sound radiated through the rear vents 20 extend the frequency range of the speaker unit 1 further downwards.
  • the Helmholtz resonator causes the frequency response of the speaker unit 1 to decrease by 24dB/octave when the frequency moves below the vent resonant frequency.
  • the speaker unit 1 may further comprise a filling of fibrous material like in sealed embodiments.
  • one or more of the rear vents 20 may comprise a dampening material, such as e.g. fibrous material and/or a porous membrane at either or both ends of the rear vent 20.
  • a dampening material such as e.g. fibrous material and/or a porous membrane at either or both ends of the rear vent 20.
  • Such dampening material may be used to reduce the magnitude of the impedance peak at the vent resonant frequency.
  • Each of the rear vents 20 has a vent outlet 21 through which sound exits towards the environment 8.
  • the direction of the vent outlet 21, indicated by arrows 22, is defined as the direction in which the main part of air leaves the respective rear vent 20 into the environment 8.
  • the acoustic impedance of air in the environment 8 exerts a reactive vibration force on air reciprocating in the rear vents 20, mainly in the vent directions 22, and mainly at low frequencies around the vent resonant frequency.
  • This vibration force is transferred to the loudspeaker enclosure 2, 3 and may thus cause mechanical vibration of the speaker unit 1.
  • the vibrations force from the vent outlets 21 may cause radial, axial and/or tangential vibration of the speaker unit 1 as well as rotational vibrations.
  • vent outlets 21 may preferably be directed and dimensioned to at least partially balance reactive forces created by exiting low-frequency sound waves.
  • the vent outlets 21 are arranged in the side wall 2, axially adjacent each other and at tangential positions close to each other. The vent outlets 21 are directed tangentially in substantially opposite directions 22. This may cause a reduction of both radial vibrations and rotational vibrations.
  • Some embodiments may comprise only one rear vent 20.
  • one or more of the vent outlets 21 may be arranged in the rear wall 3 and directed partially or entirely axially.
  • a partially or entirely axial vent outlet direction 22 may be preferable in embodiments comprising only one rear vent 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section 30 through the speaker unit 1.
  • the section 30 is in a radial plane (see dashed line 23 in FIG. 2 ) that is perpendicular to the center line 10 and intersects the first rear vent 20.
  • the section is seen from the first end 5 of the speaker unit 1 and it is oriented such that the vent outlet 21 of the first rear vent 20 is on the right-hand side.
  • the first rear vent 20 comprises a tubular wall 31.
  • the tubular wall 31 comprises a radially inner wall 32 arranged to extend tangentially along a portion 33 of the side wall 2 at a radial distance from the side wall 2 to provide a tangentially extending acoustic passageway 34.
  • the acoustic passageway 34 preferably extends tangentially along the side wall for at least 225°, or even at least 270° of the full rotation around the center lines 10.
  • the acoustic passageway 34 is delimited on the radially outer side by the portion 33 of the side wall 2 and axially by radially and tangentially extending intermediate walls (see dotted wall lines 24 in FIG. 2 ) that are also comprised by the tubular wall 31, such that the acoustic passageway 34 constitutes an open tube with a vent inlet 35 and the vent outlet 21 at respective ends through which the acoustic passageway 34 fluidly connects the rear cavity 7 with the environment 8.
  • the intermediate walls 24 preferably extend radially only between the radially inner wall 32 and the side wall 2, such that the radially inner space is free for air to move back and forth between the speaker diaphragm 9 and the rear wall 3.
  • the second rear vent 20 has a similar configuration as the first rear vent 20, but with a section (not shown) that is mirrored with respect to the section 30 of the first rear vent 20. Consequently, the direction of flow through the acoustic passageway 34 towards the environment 8, i.e. the direction from the vent inlet 35 through the acoustic passageway 34 to the vent outlet 21, is tangentially opposite for the two rear vents 20.
  • the acoustic passageway 34 of the second rear vent 20 is axially delimited by the rear wall 3, while at its front end, the rearmost intermediate wall 24 of the first rear vent 20 may be shared by the two rear vents 20.
  • the acoustic passageway 34 may instead be axially delimited by one or two further intermediate walls 24 like the ones of the first rear vent 20.
  • the opposite directions of flow through the tangentially oriented acoustic passageways 34 of the first and the second rear vents 20 further has the effect that inertial forces exerted by moving air within the acoustic passageways 34 largely balance each other.
  • each of the rear vents 20 has a length (in the direction of air flow) of about 180 mm, and a consistent cross-sectional area of about 120 mm 2 . These dimensions provide a total acoustic inertance of the rear vents 20 of about 900 kg/m 4 .
  • the above-mentioned example acoustic compliance and example total acoustic inertance together yield a vent resonant frequency of about 115 Hz.
  • the rear vents 20 may help reducing axial excursion of the speaker diaphragm 9 around its resonant frequency, such that the frequency range of the speaker unit 1 is extended downwards to about 90 Hz.
  • the rear vents 20 may be dimensioned otherwise to e.g. increase or decrease the vent resonant frequency, improve suppression of turbulence and/or allow larger air flows through the acoustic passageways 34 without increasing turbulence.
  • the tubular walls 31 are preferably arranged such that they create a double-wall system which improves the rigidity of the side wall 2 and further minimizes abrupt changes in the air flow directions to reduce turbulent noise.
  • the speaker unit 1 may comprise more than two rear vents 20, such as e.g. three, four or even more rear vents 20, similarly arranged and further with their vent outlets 21 directed and dimensioned to at least partially balance reactive forces created by exiting low-frequency sound waves.
  • Speaker units 1 like the one shown in FIG. 2 may be used as stand-alone loudspeakers, e.g. in mono, stereo or surround-sound configurations. Alternatively, they may be combined with high-frequency speaker units to provide loudspeakers covering a wider frequency range. Speaker units 1 like the one shown in FIG. 2 may provide high-quality medium/low-frequency sound with less mechanical vibration and/or with less extension in the axial direction than speaker units of the prior art. As explained further in the following such speaker units 1, as well as speaker units 1 like the one shown in FIG. 1 , may be combined and e.g. incorporated into soundbars with or without video cameras.
  • the loudspeaker 40 shown in FIG. 4 comprises a first and a second speaker unit 1 and a support structure 41.
  • the speaker units 1 are preferably configured like the speaker units 1 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 , and they are further configured to have equal volumes of their rear cavities 7 and equal areas of their speaker diaphragms 9.
  • the support structure 41 comprises four rigid rods 42 that mechanically maintain the first and the second speaker unit 1 in an arrangement wherein their center lines 10 coincide and their speaker drivers 4 face each other to delimit a front cavity 43.
  • the rigid rods 42 separate four front openings 44 between the side walls 2 of the first and the second speaker unit 1.
  • the front openings 44 fluidly connect the front cavity 43 with the environment 8 and thereby define a primary acoustic passageway 45 for sound waves to escape from the front cavity 43 to the environment 8.
  • the maximum axial extension of the primary acoustic passageway 45 is shorter than the maximum radial extension of the speaker diaphragms 9.
  • the speaker units 1 are preferably generally identical or mirrored versions of each other.
  • the speaker units 1 are arranged and configured generally symmetric with respect to reflection in a symmetry plane 46 extending perpendicularly to the center lines 10.
  • the speaker units 1 are arranged and configured generally symmetric with respect to rotation around a symmetry axis (not shown) perpendicularly to and intersecting the center lines 10.
  • minor details such as e.g. holes in the mounting flanges 13, other fastening means, wiring exits and/or smaller features in the side walls 2 or the rear walls 3 may differ between the speaker units 1.
  • the speaker diaphragms 9 have equal axial projections onto the symmetry plane 46
  • the rigid rods 42 are identical, have a diameter of about 5 mm and are arranged symmetrically with respect to rotation around the center lines 10.
  • the front openings 44 are thus also arranged symmetrically with respect to rotation around the center lines 10. This means that sound may escape the front cavity 43 radially in nearly all radial directions, which contributes to balancing reactive forces exerted by the acoustic impedance of air in the environment 8 and thus also to reducing mechanical vibration of the loudspeaker.
  • the front openings 44 may be more or less evenly distributed around the center lines 10.
  • the front openings 44 may e.g. by arranged symmetrically with respect to reflection in one or more distinct planes comprising the center lines 10.
  • the speaker units 1 are configured and dimensioned like the speaker unit 1 shown in FIGs. 2 and 3 , and the distance between the side walls 2 is 15 mm, i.e. about 30% of the maximum radial extension of the speaker diaphragms 9.
  • the maximum axial extension of the primary acoustic passageway 45 is thus shorter than the maximum radial extension of the speaker diaphragms 9, preferably shorter than 70% or most preferably shorter than 40% of the maximum radial extension of the speaker diaphragms 9.
  • the relatively small maximum axial extension of the primary acoustic passageway 45 allows the loudspeaker 40 to efficiently radiate sound also in axial directions such that its directivity comes close to omnidirectionality within a large portion of its frequency range.
  • the frequency range of the loudspeaker will typically be shifted respectively downwards or upwards and the maximum axial extension of the primary acoustic passageway 45 should normally be adapted to fit the shifted frequency range.
  • the rigid rods 42 are preferably arranged to maximise the cross-sectional area of the primary acoustic passageway 45 without compromising mechanical stability of the support structure 41.
  • the support structure 41 is thus preferably configured to provide that the smallest cross-sectional area of the primary acoustic passageway 45 is at least 60%, preferably at least 75% or even more preferably at least 90% of an available area defined as the area of the largest imaginary open cylinder that can be axially spanned between the speaker diaphragms 9 of the first and the second speaker units 1.
  • this largest open cylinder is an open circular cylinder that is spanned between the outer rims of the speaker diaphragms 9, and the available area is the area of that cylinder area.
  • the available area is thus the area of an open circular cylinder with diameter of 50 mm and a length of 15 mm.
  • the rigid rods 42 are dimensioned to not have any inherent resonant frequencies below the upper limit of the frequency range of the loudspeaker 1, and preferably neither any within the entire audible frequency range.
  • the support structure 41 may be made in other ways, e.g. comprising more or fewer than four rods 42 or comprising other mechanical structures providing the functions or benefits described above, such as e.g. a cage-like structure.
  • the support structure 41 may be made of e.g. metal or hard resin.
  • the loudspeaker enclosures 2, 3 of the two speaker units may both be sealed loudspeaker enclosures as described further above with reference to FIG. 1 , or the may both be bass-reflex loudspeaker enclosures as described further above with reference to FIG. 2 .
  • each of the speaker units 1 comprise a number, preferably an equal number, of rear vents 20 with vent outlets 21, e.g. two rear vents 20 in each speaker unit 1.
  • the vent outlets 21 are preferably directed 22 and dimensioned to at least partially balance reactive forces created by exiting low-frequency sound waves. Such balancing may be provided for each speaker unit 1 alone, and/or for the entire loudspeaker 40.
  • the vent outlets 21 are directed tangentially opposite for each of the speaker units 1 and the vent outlets 21 are further arranged symmetrically with respect to reflection in the symmetry plane 46 to further reduce mechanical vibrations.
  • the soundbar 50 shown in FIG. 5 comprises a soundbar housing 51, a loudspeaker 40 and a video camera 52.
  • the loudspeaker 40 is preferably configured like the loudspeaker 40 shown in FIG. 4 or like other embodiments described above.
  • the video camera 52 comprises three video sensors 53 and a video processor 54.
  • the video sensors 53 are arranged and oriented to cover each their field of view.
  • the loudspeaker 40 and the video camera 52 are both mechanically connected to the soundbar housing 51 and the video sensors 53 are thus also mechanically connected to the soundbar housing 51.
  • the loudspeaker 40 may cause less mechanical vibrations than similar prior art loudspeakers, and in the soundbar 50, the video camera 52 may thus receive less mechanical vibrations than in prior art soundbars and may therefore be able to provide a more stable video output signal.
  • the video camera 52 may comprises fewer or more video sensors 53, such as e.g. one, two, four or even more video sensors 53.
  • the video processor 54 may be omitted.
  • the video processor 54 may receive a video sensor signal from each of the three video sensors 53, retrieve image information from each of the video sensor signals and process the retrieved image information to provide a video output signal. In some embodiments, the video processor 54 may stitch multiple images into a combined image covering a larger field of view than each of the video sensor signals. In some embodiments, the video processor 54 may detect speech by analysing for moving objects in the retrieved image information.
  • the soundbar 50 may preferably further comprise one or more high-frequency speaker units 55 and/or one or more microphones 56 that pick-up sound from the environment 8 to complement or be embedded in the video output signal.
  • the loudspeaker 40 is preferably oriented with its center lines 10 in a length direction of the soundbar 50.
  • the soundbar 50 may further comprise one or more power amplifiers (not shown) to provide a driver signal for the speaker units 1 of the loudspeaker 40 and/or for the high-frequency speaker units 55.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Lautsprecher (40) mit einer ersten Lautsprechereinheit (1), einer zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) und einer Trägerstruktur (41), wobei jede Lautsprechereinheit (1) eine rohrförmige Seitenwand (2), eine Rückwand (3) und einen Lautsprechertreiber (4) umfasst, der eine Lautsprechermembran (9) umfasst, die dazu angeordnet ist, sich in einer axialen Richtung hin- und herzubewegen parallel zu einer Mittellinie (10), die sich durch die Mitte (11) der Lautsprechermembran (9) erstreckt,
    wobei für jede Lautsprechereinheit (1) der Lautsprechertreiber (4) und die Rückwand (3) an gegenüberliegenden Enden (5, 6) der Seitenwand (2) angeordnet sind, um einen hinteren Hohlraum (7) von der Umgebung (8) zu trennen,
    wobei eine radiale Richtung definiert ist als eine Richtung entlang einer radialen Linie, die die Mittellinie (10) schneidet und senkrecht zur Mittellinie (10) verläuft, und eine tangentiale Richtung definiert ist als eine Richtung entlang einer tangentialen Linie, die durch einen Punkt im Raum in einem Abstand ungleich Null von der Mittellinie (10) verläuft und sowohl zur Mittellinie (10) als auch zu einer radialen Linie von der Mittellinie (10) durch diesen Punkt senkrecht verläuft, und wobei ferner:
    - die Volumina der hinteren Hohlräume (7) der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) gleich sind;
    - die Flächen der Lautsprechermembranen (9) der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) gleich sind;
    - die Trägerstruktur (41) die erste und die zweite Lautsprechereinheit (1) mechanisch in einer Anordnung festhält, bei der ihre Mittellinien (10) zusammenfallen und ihre Lautsprechertreiber (4) einander zugewandt sind, um einen vorderen Hohlraum (43) abzugrenzen;
    - die erste und die zweite Lautsprechereinheit (1) im Allgemeinen symmetrisch angeordnet und konfiguriert sind in Bezug auf Spiegelung in einer Symmetrieebene (46), die sich senkrecht zu den Mittellinien (10) erstreckt;
    - die Trägerstruktur (41) eine oder mehrere Öffnungen (44) zwischen den Seitenwänden (2) der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) aufweist, die den vorderen Hohlraum (43) fließend mit der Umgebung (8) verbinden und dadurch einen primären akustischen Durchgang (45) definieren, durch den Schallwellen aus dem vorderen Hohlraum (43) in die Umgebung (8) entweichen können;
    - die maximale axiale Ausdehnung des primären akustischen Durchgangs (45) kürzer ist als die maximale radiale Ausdehnung der Lautsprechermembranen (9);
    - jede der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) ferner eine oder mehrere hintere Lüftungskanäle (20) aufweisen, die den hinteren Hohlraum (7) fließend mit der Umgebung (8) verbinden und ferner eine signifikant erhöhte akustische Trägheit gegenüber Schallwellen bieten, die durch eine oder mehrere hintere Lüftungskanäle (20) strömen;
    - jede der einen oder mehreren hinteren Lüftungskanäle (20) einen Lüftungsauslass (21) aufweist; und
    - die Lüftungsauslässe (21) der einen oder mehreren hinteren Lüftungskanäle (20) der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) so gerichtet und dimensioniert sind, dass sie zumindest teilweise Reaktionskräfte ausgleichen, die durch niederfrequente Schallwellen erzeugt werden, die durch die Lüftungsauslässe (21) austreten, wenn die Lautsprechertreiber (4) der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) in Phase zueinander angetrieben werden,
    wobei:
    - für jede der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) die eine oder mehrere hintere Lüftungskanäle (20) mindestens zwei hintere Lüftungskanäle (20) aufweisen mit jeweiligen Lüftungsauslässe (21), die zumindest teilweise tangential relative zur Mittellinie (10) ausgerichtet sind - und so ausgerichtet und dimensioniert sind, dass sie zumindest teilweise reaktive Tangentialkräfte ausgleichen, die durch niederfrequente Schallwellen erzeugt werden, die durch die entsprechenden Lüftungsauslässe (21) austreten;
    - die Lüftungsauslässe (21) für jede der Lautsprechereinheiten (1) tangential entgegengesetzt angeordnet sind; und
    - die Lüftungsauslässe (21) weiterhin symmetrisch in Bezug auf Spiegelung in der Symmetrieebene (46) angeordnet sind, um mechanische Schwingungen weiter zu reduzieren.
  2. Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 1, wobei die eine oder mehrere Öffnungen (44) mehrere Öffnungen (44) umfassen, die symmetrisch in Bezug auf Drehung um die Mittellinien (10) und/oder in Bezug auf Spiegelung in einer oder mehreren unterschiedlichen Ebenen, die die Mittellinien (10) umfassen, angeordnet sind.
  3. Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die kleinste Querschnittsfläche des akustischen Primärdurchgangs (45) mindestens 60 %, bevorzugt mindestens 75 % oder noch bevorzugter mindestens 90 % einer verfügbaren Fläche beträgt, die definiert ist als die Fläche des größten imaginären offenen Zylinders, der zwischen den Lautsprechermembranen (9) der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) axial aufgespannt werden kann.
  4. Lautsprecher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die maximale axiale Ausdehnung des akustischen Primärdurchgangs (45) kürzer als 70 % oder vorzugsweise kürzer als 40 % der maximalen radialen Ausdehnung der Lautsprechermembranen (9) ist.
  5. Lautsprecher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei für jede der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) mindestens eine der einen oder mehreren hinteren Lüftungskanäle (20) eine röhrenförmige Wand (31) aufweist, die einen sekundären akustischen Durchgang (34) schafft, der so dimensioniert ist, dass er eine akustische Trägheit bereitstellt, die in Kombination mit der akustischen Nachgiebigkeit des hinteren Hohlraums (7) eine Resonanzfrequenz des Kanals so definiert, dass der Pegel des niederfrequenten Schalls, der von der Lautsprechereinheit (1) abgestrahlt wird, erhöht wird.
  6. Lautsprecher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei für jede der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1):
    - jede der mindestens zwei hinteren Lüftungskanäle (20) eine röhrenförmige Wand (31) aufweist, die einen sekundären akustischen Durchgang (34) schafft, der so dimensioniert ist, dass er eine akustische Trägheit bereitstellt, die in Kombination mit der akustischen Nachgiebigkeit des hinteren Hohlraums (7) eine Resonanzfrequenz des Kanals so definiert, dass der Pegel des niederfrequenten Schalls, der von der Lautsprechereinheit (1) abgestrahlte wird, erhöht wird, und der sich tangential entlang eines Abschnitts (33) der Seitenwand (2) erstreckt; und
    - die Strömungsrichtung durch den sekundären akustischen Durchgang (34) zur Umgebung (8) für mindestens zwei der mindestens zwei hinteren Lüftungskanäle (20) tangential entgegengesetzt sind.
  7. Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 6, wobei sich für jede der ersten und der zweiten Lautsprechereinheit (1) jeder der sekundären akustischen Durchgänge (34) der mindestens zwei hinteren Lüftungskanäle (20) für mindestens 225° tangential entlang der Seitenwand erstreckt.
  8. Soundbar (50), umfassend ein Soundbar-Gehäuse (51), einen Lautsprecher (40) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche und eine Videokamera (52) mit einem Videosensor (53), wobei jeder des Lautsprechers (40) und des Videosensors (53) mechanisch mit dem Soundbar-Gehäuse (51) verbunden sind.
  9. Soundbar nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Videokamera (52) mehrere Videosensoren (53) und einen Videoprozessor (54) umfasst, wobei der Videoprozessor (54) dazu ausgelegt ist, ein Videosensorsignal von jedem der Videosensoren (53) zu empfangen, Bildinformationen von jedem der Videosensorsignale abzurufen und die abgerufenen Bildinformationen zu verarbeiten, um ein Videoausgangssignal bereitzustellen.
  10. Soundbar nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Verarbeitung der abgerufenen Bildinformationen das Zusammenfügen mehrerer Bilder zu einem kombinierten Bild umfasst, das ein größeres Sichtfeld abdeckt als jedes der Videosensorsignale.
  11. Soundbar nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, wobei die Verarbeitung der abgerufenen Bildinformation das Erkennen von Sprache durch Analysieren von bewegten Objekten in den abgerufenen Bildinformationen umfasst.
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FI112909B (fi) * 2001-02-19 2004-01-30 Genelec Oy Refleksikaiutinrakenne ja menetelmä sen muodostamiseksi
US7668331B2 (en) * 2005-10-07 2010-02-23 Wailit Yen Fidelity speaker
GB2528247A (en) * 2014-07-08 2016-01-20 Imagination Tech Ltd Soundbar
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