EP3842511A1 - Tensioactif non ionique permettant d'améliorer l'efficacité de rinçage en lavage de vaisselle automatique - Google Patents

Tensioactif non ionique permettant d'améliorer l'efficacité de rinçage en lavage de vaisselle automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3842511A1
EP3842511A1 EP20213010.0A EP20213010A EP3842511A1 EP 3842511 A1 EP3842511 A1 EP 3842511A1 EP 20213010 A EP20213010 A EP 20213010A EP 3842511 A1 EP3842511 A1 EP 3842511A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
weight
acid
dishwashing
nonionic surfactant
carbon atoms
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP20213010.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Doering
Astrid Spitz
Sven Mueller
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Publication of EP3842511A1 publication Critical patent/EP3842511A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dishwashing detergents with improved, the use of these dishwashing detergents and a method for machine dishwashing using these dishwashing detergents.
  • rinse aid agents are used in dishwashing formulations.
  • the water should run off as completely as possible from the items to be washed, so that the surfaces are residue-free and flawlessly shiny at the end of the wash program.
  • Non-ionic surfactants that are carried over into the rinse cycle during the rinsing process.
  • surfactants are often not compatible with liquid or solid detergent formulations.
  • liquid gels for example, segregation often occurs, whereas in compressed powders the adhesive properties of the particles suffer and as a result the powders can no longer be compressed into tablets.
  • an automatic dishwashing detergent containing at least one nonionic surfactant, as defined herein has an excellent rinse aid performance, in particular with regard to the formation of stains on porcelain.
  • At least one further surfactant preferably at least one further nonionic surfactant, can be included.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a dishwashing agent according to the invention in an automatic dishwashing process, in particular the use to improve the rinsing performance when cleaning dishes in an automatic dishwasher.
  • Yet another subject matter of the invention is an automatic dishwashing method in which a dishwashing agent according to the invention is used in particular for the purpose of improving the rinsing performance.
  • nonionic surfactant as defined herein, for improving the rinsing performance of an automatic dishwashing agent is also the subject matter of the present invention.
  • At least one as used herein means 1 or more, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more.
  • the specification refers to the type of ingredient and not to the absolute number of molecules.
  • At least one surfactant thus means, for example, at least one type of surfactant, i.e. that one type of surfactant or a mixture of several different surfactants can be used. Together with weight information, the information relates to all compounds of the specified type that are contained in the composition / mixture, i.e. that the composition does not contain any further compounds of this type beyond the specified amount of the corresponding compounds.
  • fatty acids or fatty alcohols or their derivatives - unless otherwise stated - represent branched or unbranched carboxylic acids or alcohols or their derivatives with preferably 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • the oxo alcohols or derivatives thereof obtainable, for example, by ROELEN's oxo synthesis, can also be used accordingly.
  • alkaline earth metals are mentioned in the following as counterions for monovalent anions, this means that the alkaline earth metal is of course only present in half the amount of substance - sufficient to balance the charge - as the anion.
  • a machine dishwashing agent according to the invention can be a one-component dishwashing agent or a multicomponent dishwashing agent.
  • the term “one-component dishwashing detergent” denotes a dishwashing detergent which consists of only one single component.
  • the term “component” denotes a part of the dishwashing detergent which, based on one or more features, for example the type and / or amount of its ingredients, physical properties, external appearance, etc., differs from a possibly further component of the dishwashing detergent.
  • Individual components of a dishwashing detergent can be in liquid or solid form.
  • Liquid denotes all flowable compositions (at 20 ° C., 1.013 bar), including gels and paste-like compositions, and also non-Newtonian liquids which have a flow limit.
  • a "solid” composition or component as used herein can be a powder, granular, or compact composition.
  • a multicomponent dishwashing detergent as defined above can comprise one or more liquid components as defined herein and one or more solid components as defined herein.
  • a multicomponent dishwashing detergent according to the invention can, however, also consist exclusively of two or more liquid components, or consist exclusively of two or more solid components, whereby these can be pressed together in the form of a compacted tablet, for example.
  • the individual components of a multicomponent dishwasher detergent are spatially separated from one another, such spatial separation being achieved, for example, by wrapping one or more individual components with a preferably water-soluble or water-dispersible packaging, so that mixing of the individual pre-portioned components with one another is avoided. before the dishwashing detergent according to the invention comes into contact with water.
  • the automatic dishwashing agent is accordingly in particular in the form of a multi-chamber pouch.
  • the automatic dishwashing agent according to the invention comprises at least one liquid component and is consequently either in the form of a liquid one-component dishwashing agent or in the form of a multi-component dishwashing agent comprising at least one liquid component.
  • the automatic dishwashing agent comprises at least two liquid, spatially separate components.
  • the at least two liquid components are in a water-insoluble packaging with separate chambers.
  • the viscosity of a liquid dishwashing agent according to the invention or one or more liquid components of the dishwashing agent according to the invention is, in some embodiments, above 230 mPa * s-1 (Brookfield instrument LVDV II + , spindle 31, 30 rpm, 20 ° C), in particular between 240 mPa * s-1 and 1000 mPa * s-1, preferably between 250 mPa * s-1 and 1000 mPa * s-1 and between 250 mPa * s-1 and 350 mPa * s-1.
  • the phosphate-free automatic dishwasher detergent is characterized in that it contains at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula R 1 O [C 2 H 4 O] x [C 4 H 8 O] y R 2 , where, in the above formula, R 1 for a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, in particular 10 to 18 carbon atoms, for example 10, 12, 14, 16 or 18 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof; R 2 represents H or a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms or mixtures of such hydrocarbon radicals, preferably H; x for values between 5 and 40, preferably between 8 to 36, in particular between 12 and 35, for example 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 , 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, or 35; and y for values between 1 and 20, preferably between 2 to 18, in particular between 3 and 16, such as, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.15, or 16,
  • such a nonionic surfactant is preferably in an amount of about 0.01 to about 15% by weight, preferably in an amount of about 0.5 to about 3.5% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the dishwashing detergent composition, contained therein.
  • the phosphate-free automatic dishwashing agent furthermore optionally comprises at least one further surfactant, preferably at least one further surfactant from the group of nonionic surfactants.
  • nonionic surfactants which are suitable in this context for use in the automatic dishwashing agents described herein are known in the prior art.
  • alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x , in which R corresponds to a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched aliphatic radical with 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms and G. is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose.
  • the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4.
  • Another class of usable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can also be suitable.
  • the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half that.
  • surfactants are the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides known as PHFA.
  • low-foaming nonionic surfactants in particular alkoxylated, especially ethoxylated, low-foaming nonionic surfactants.
  • the automatic dishwashing detergents particularly preferably contain nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols, preferably alkoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • this also includes the above-described nonionic of the formula R 1 O [C 2 H 4 O] x [C 4 H 8 O] y R 2
  • further nonionic surfactants are to be understood to mean exclusively such nonionic surfactants which are different from those of the formula R 1 O [C 2 H 4 O] x [C 4 H 8 O] y R 2.
  • nonionic surfactants which have a melting point above room temperature are particularly preferred.
  • Surfactants to be used with preference come from the groups of alkoxylated nonionic surfactants, in particular ethoxylated primary alcohols and mixtures of these surfactants with structurally complex surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene ((PO / EO / PO) surfactants).
  • structurally complex surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene ((PO / EO / PO) surfactants).
  • Such (PO / EO / PO) non-ionic surfactants are also characterized by good foam control.
  • nonionic surfactants are those which have alternating ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide units.
  • surfactants with EO-AO-EO-AO blocks are again preferred, one to ten EO or AO groups being bonded to one another before a block from the other groups follows.
  • nonionic surfactants of the general formula preferably in which R 1 is a straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated C 6-24 -alkyl or -alkenyl radical; each group R 2 or R 3 independently of one another is selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 3 , CH (CH 3 ) 2 and the indices w, x, y, z independently of one another represent integers from 1 to 6.
  • nonionic surfactants which have a C 9-15 -alkyl radical with 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units.
  • surfactants of the formula R 1 O [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) O] x [CH 2 CH 2 O] y CH 2 CH (OH) R 2 , in which R 1 is a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 up to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, R 2 denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, and x stands for values between 0.5 and 1.5 and y stands for a value of at least 15.
  • Especially the C (EO) -2-hydroxyalkyl ether 15-40 8-10 fatty alcohol (PO) 1 - - to the group of these nonionic surfactants include the C 2-26 fatty alcohol, for example (PO) 1 (EO) 22 -2 hydroxydecyl ether.
  • nonionic surfactants which can be used with preference are the end group-capped poly (oxyalkylated) nonionic surfactants of the formula R 1 O [CH 2 CH (R 3 ) O] x [CH 2 ] k CH (OH) [CH 2 ] j OR 2 , in which R 1 and R 2 represents linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 3 represents H or a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, 2- Butyl or 2-methyl-2-butyl radical, x stands for values between 1 and 30, k and j for values between 1 and 12, preferably between 1 and 5.
  • each R 3 in the above formula R 1 O [CH 2 CH (R 3 ) O] x [CH 2 ] k CH (OH) [CH 2 ] j OR 2 can be different.
  • R 1 and R 2 are preferably linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, radicals having 8 to 18 carbon atoms being particularly preferred.
  • R 3 radical H, —CH 3 or —CH 2 CH 3 are particularly preferred.
  • Particularly preferred values for x are in the range from 1 to 20, in particular from 6 to 15.
  • each R 3 in the above formula may be different if x 2.
  • the value 3 for x has been chosen as an example and can be larger, the range of variation increasing with increasing x values and including, for example, a large number of (EO) groups combined with a small number of (PO) groups, or vice versa .
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above and x stands for numbers from 1 to 30, preferably from 1 to 20 and in particular from 6 to 18.
  • the group of these nonionic surfactants includes, for example, the C 4-22 fatty alcohol (EO) 10-80 -2-hydroxyalkyl ethers, in particular also the C 8-12 fatty alcohol (EO) 22 -2-hydroxydecyl ethers and the C 4-22 fatty alcohol (EO) 40-80 -2-hydroxyalkyl ethers.
  • the corresponding non-end-capped hydroxy mixed ethers can also be used. These can satisfy the above formulas, but where R 2 is hydrogen and R 1 , R 3 , A, A ', A ", A"', w, x, y and z are as defined above.
  • the agents described herein contain, in various embodiments, the at least one further nonionic surfactant, as defined above, in an amount of at least about 0.01% by weight, preferably at least about 0.05% by weight, based in each case on the Total weight of the agent.
  • an agent as described herein contains at least one further nonionic surfactant, in particular in an amount of approximately 0.01 to approximately 15% by weight, preferably in an amount of approximately 0.5 to approximately 3.5% by weight, in particular about 0.7% by weight to about 2.0% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the dishwashing detergent composition.
  • the absolute amounts of surfactant used per application can, for example, be in the range from 0.1-5 g / job, preferably in the range from 0.2-0.8 g / job.
  • the above-described at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is particularly preferred in an amount of about 0.01 to about 15% by weight, preferably in an amount of about 0.5 to about 3.5% by weight, in particular about 1.0% by weight to about 3.0% by weight and the at least one further nonionic surfactant of the formula (II) described above in an amount of about 0.01 to about 15% by weight, preferably in in an amount of approximately 0.5 to approximately 3.5% by weight, in particular approximately 0.7% by weight to approximately 2.0% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the dishwashing detergent composition.
  • the at least one surfactant of the invention described above is very particularly preferably used in a weight ratio of 4: 1 to 1: 2, preferably 3: 1 to 1: 1, with the further nonionic surfactant of the formula (II) described above.
  • the automatic dishwashing agent described herein is phosphate-free.
  • the term “phosphate-free” means that the corresponding agents are essentially free of phosphate, ie that, in the context of the present invention, phosphate in amounts of less than 1% by weight, preferably less than 0.1 % By weight, is contained in the agents, in each case based on the total weight of the respective dishwashing detergent composition.
  • the dishwashing detergent according to the invention is completely free from phosphate. This means that no phosphate is deliberately added.
  • the dishwashing detergent according to the invention also contains at least one builder selected from the group consisting of aminocarboxylic acids and their salts, preferably selected from the group consisting of methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA) and its salts, glutamine diacetic acid (GLDA) and its salts, ethylenediamine diacetic acid (EDDS) and its salts, iminodisuccinic acid (IDS) and iminodiacetic acid (IDA).
  • the content of these aminocarboxylic acids or their salts can, in some embodiments, for example between approximately 0.1 and approximately 30% by weight, preferably between approximately 1 and approximately 25% by weight and in particular between approximately 5 and approximately 20% by weight.
  • - Make up% each based on the total weight of the dishwashing detergent composition.
  • the at least one builder is preferably selected from the group consisting of methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA) and glutamine diacetic acid (GLDA).
  • MGDA methylglycine diacetic acid
  • GLDA glutamine diacetic acid
  • the agents according to the invention can contain further constituents, ie at least one further constituent, preferably at least two further constituents, which are usually used in dishwasher detergents, preferably selected from the group consisting of further surfactants, further builders, enzymes, thickeners, Sequestrants, electrolytes, corrosion inhibitors, in particular silver protectants, glass corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, dyes, fragrances, bitter substances and antimicrobial agents.
  • anionic surface-active substances are suitable as anionic surfactants in the detergents or cleaning agents. These are characterized by a water-solubilizing, anionic group such as. B. a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group and a lipophilic alkyl group with about 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • the molecule can contain glycol or polyglycol ether groups, ester, ether and amide groups and hydroxyl groups.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of the sodium, potassium and ammonium and the mono-, di- and trialkanolammonium salts with 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkanol group.
  • Preferred anionic surfactants in the detergents or cleaning agents are alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and ether carboxylic acids with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and up to 12 glycol ether groups in the molecule.
  • anionic surfactants instead of the aforementioned anionic surfactants or in conjunction with them, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants can also be used.
  • Suitable amphoteric surfactants are, for example, betaines of the formula (R iii ) (R iv ) (R v ) N + CH 2 COO - , in which R iii is an alkyl radical with 8 to 25, preferably 10 to 21 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by heteroatoms or heteroatom groups, and iv and R v denote identical or different alkyl radicals with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, in particular C 10 -C 18 -alkyl-dimethylcarboxymethylbetaine and C 11 -C 17 -alkylamidopropyl-dimethylcarboxymethylbetaine.
  • Suitable cationic surfactants include the quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (R vi ) (R vii ) (R viii ) (R ix ) N + X - , in which R vi to R ix represent four identical or different types, in particular two long and two short-chain, alkyl radicals and X - stand for an anion, in particular a halide ion, for example didecyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride, alkyl-benzyl-didecyl-ammonium chloride and mixtures thereof.
  • quaternary surface-active compounds in particular with a sulfonium, phosphonium, iodonium or arsonium group, which are also known as antimicrobial agents.
  • quaternary surface-active compounds with an antimicrobial effect, the agent can be designed with an antimicrobial effect or its antimicrobial effect, which may already be present due to other ingredients, can be improved.
  • the content of cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants is preferably less than 6% by weight, preferably less than 4% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 2% by weight and in particular less than 1% by weight .
  • Machine dishwashing detergents which do not contain any cationic or amphoteric surfactants are particularly preferred.
  • the dishwashing detergent according to the invention contains at least one dye.
  • Preferred dyes the choice of which presents no difficulty to the person skilled in the art, have a high storage stability and are insensitive to the other ingredients of the dishwashing detergent according to the invention and to light.
  • the dishwashing detergent according to the invention furthermore contains at least one further builder.
  • suitable alternative builders are generally in particular silicates, aluminum silicates (especially zeolites), carbonates, organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and aminocarboxylic acids or their salts. Mixtures of these substances can of course also be used.
  • crystalline layered silicates of the general formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 ⁇ y H 2 O in which M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 22, preferably from 1.9 to 4, with particular preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4, and y is a number from 0 to 33, preferably from 0 to 20.
  • the crystalline layered silicates of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 ⁇ yH 2 O are sold, for example, by Clariant GmbH (Germany) under the trade name Na-SKS.
  • silicates Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 ⁇ x H 2 O, Kenyaite), Na-SKS-2 (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 ⁇ x H 2 O, magadiite), Na-SKS -3 (Na 2 Si 8 O1 7 ⁇ x H 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 ⁇ x H 2 O, macatite).
  • Crystalline sheet silicates of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 ⁇ y H 2 O, in which x is 2, are particularly suitable for the purposes of the present invention.
  • both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicates are Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ⁇ y H 2 O and, furthermore, above all Na-SKS-5 ( ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ), Na-SKS-7 ( ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5, natrosilite), Na-SKS-9 (NaHSi 2 O 5. H 2 O), Na-SKS-10 (NaHSi 2 O 5 ⁇ 3 H 2 O, kanemite), Na-SKS-11 ( t-Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ) and Na-SKS-13 (NaHSi 2 O 5 ), but in particular Na-SKS-6 ( ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ) is preferred.
  • Machine dishwashing detergents typically contain a weight fraction of the crystalline layered silicate of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 ⁇ y H 2 O of 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 15% by weight and in particular 0, 4 to 10% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of these agents.
  • amorphous sodium silicates with a Na 2 O: SiO 2 module of 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which are preferably delayed in dissolution and have secondary washing properties.
  • the release delay opposite conventional amorphous sodium silicates can have been produced in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / compression or by overdrying.
  • amorphous means that the silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not produce sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle , cause.
  • the dishwashing detergents can in particular also contain phosphonates as a further builder.
  • a hydroxyalkane and / or aminoalkane phosphonate is preferably used as the phosphonate compound.
  • HEDP 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate
  • Ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP), diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologues are preferred as aminoalkanephosphonates.
  • Phosphonates are contained in the agents preferably in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular in amounts of 0.5 to 8% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the dishwashing detergent.
  • Alkali carriers include, for example, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogen carbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, the mentioned alkali silicates, alkali metasilicates, and mixtures of the aforementioned substances, whereby for the purposes of this invention the alkali carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate can preferably be used.
  • the optional alkali metal hydroxides are preferably only used in small amounts, preferably in amounts below 10% by weight, preferably below 6% by weight, particularly preferably below 4 % By weight and in particular below 2% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the automatic dishwashing agent, are used. Agents which, based on their total weight, contain less than 0.5% by weight and in particular no alkali metal hydroxides are particularly preferred.
  • carbonate (s) and / or hydrogen carbonate (s), preferably alkali metal carbonate (s), particularly preferably sodium carbonate in amounts of from 2 to 50% by weight, preferably from 5 to 40% by weight and in particular, is particularly preferred from 7.5 to 30% by weight, each based on the weight of the dishwasher detergent.
  • Organic builders that may be mentioned are, in particular, polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, polyacetals, dextrins, further organic cobuilders and the phosphonates already mentioned above as builders. These substance classes are described below.
  • Organic builder substances which can be used are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of the free acid and / or its sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood as meaning those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
  • these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided that such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, as well as mixtures of these.
  • NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
  • the free acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH value in automatic dishwashing detergents.
  • Citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures of these should be mentioned in particular.
  • Automatic dishwashing agents are therefore preferred, characterized in that the automatic dishwashing agent contains citric acid or a salt of citric acid.
  • the dishwashing detergents according to the invention can also contain a sulfopolymer.
  • the proportion by weight of the sulfopolymer in the total weight of the dishwashing detergent according to the invention is preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 18% by weight, particularly preferably from 1.0 to 15% by weight, in particular from 4 to 14% by weight, especially from 6 to 12% by weight.
  • the sulfopolymer is usually used in the form of an aqueous solution, the aqueous solutions typically containing 20 to 70% by weight, in particular 30 to 50% by weight, preferably about 35 to 40% by weight, sulfopolymers.
  • a copolymeric polysulfonate preferably a hydrophobically modified copolymeric polysulfonate, is preferably used as the sulfopolymer.
  • copolymers can have two, three, four or more different monomer units.
  • Preferred copolymeric polysulfonates contain, in addition to monomer (s) containing sulfonic acid groups, at least one monomer from the group of unsaturated carboxylic acids.
  • unsaturated carboxylic acids are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, ⁇ -chloroacrylic acid, ⁇ -cyanoacrylic acid, crotonic acid, ⁇ -phenyl acrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, methylenemalonic acid, sorbic acid, cinnamic acid or mixtures thereof.
  • the unsaturated dicarboxylic acids can of course also be used.
  • Particularly preferred monomers containing sulfonic acid groups are 1-acrylamido-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-methacrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 3- Methacrylamido-2-hydroxy-propanesulphonic acid, allylsulphonic acid, methallylsulphonic acid, allyloxybenzenesulphonic acid, methallyloxybenzenesulphonic acid, 2-hydroxy-3- (2-propenyloxy) propanesulphonic acid, 2-methyl-2-propen1-sulphonic acid, 3 -sulphatosulphonyl, vinylsulphopropyl, styrenesulphonic acid, 3-sulphate , Sulfomethacrylamide, sulfomethyl methacrylamide and mixtures of the acids mentioned or their water-soluble salts.
  • the sulfonic acid groups can be wholly or partly in neutralized form, i.e. the acidic hydrogen atom of the sulfonic acid group in some or all sulfonic acid groups can be exchanged for metal ions, preferably alkali metal ions and in particular for sodium ions.
  • metal ions preferably alkali metal ions and in particular for sodium ions.
  • partially or fully neutralized copolymers containing sulfonic acid groups is preferred according to the invention.
  • the monomer distribution of the copolymers used with preference is, in the case of copolymers which only contain monomers containing carboxylic acid groups and monomers containing sulphonic acid groups, preferably in each case from 5 to 95% by weight; the proportion of the monomer containing sulphonic acid groups is particularly preferably 50 to 90% by weight. and the proportion of the monomer containing carboxylic acid groups is 10 to 50% by weight, the monomers here being preferably selected from those mentioned above.
  • the molar mass of the preferably used sulfo copolymers can be varied in order to adapt the properties of the polymers to the desired use.
  • Preferred dishwashing detergents are characterized in that the copolymers have molecular weights from 2000 to 200,000 gmol -1 , preferably from 4000 to 25,000 gmol -1 and in particular from 5000 to 15,000 gmol -1 .
  • the dishwashing detergents can also contain other polymers.
  • the group of suitable polymers includes, in particular, the cleaning-active polymers, for example the rinse aid polymers and / or polymers that act as softeners.
  • Preferred polymers that can be used come from the group of the alkyl acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymers, the alkyl acrylamide / methacrylic acid copolymers, the alkyl acrylamide / methyl methacrylic acid copolymers, the alkyl acrylamide / acrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, the alkyl acrylamide / methacrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / methyl methacrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, the alkyl acrylamide / alkymethacrylate / alkylaminoethyl methacrylate / alkyl methacrylate copolymers and the copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, cationically derivatized unsaturated carboxylic acids and optionally other ionic or non
  • polymers that can be used come from the group of acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium chloride / acrylic acid copolymers and their alkali and ammonium salts, the acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium chloride / methacrylic acid copolymers and their alkali and ammonium salts and methacroylethylbetaine / methacrylate copolymers.
  • Cationic polymers which can be used originate from the groups of the quaternized cellulose derivatives, the polysiloxanes with quaternary groups, the cationic guar derivatives, the polymeric dimethyldiallylammonium salts and their copolymers with acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and their esters and amides, the copolymers of vinylpyrrolidino with quaternylated derivatives of dialkylamino-acrylate and methacrylate, the vinylpyrrolidone-methoimidazolinium chloride copolymers, the quaternized polyvinyl alcohols or the polymers specified under the INCI names Polyquaternium 17, Polyquaternium 18 and Polyquaternium 27.
  • liquid dishwashing detergents preference is given to using soluble builders, such as citric acid, or acrylic polymers with a molar mass of 1,000 to 5,000 g / mol.
  • the agent described herein, as defined above furthermore contains at least one enzyme, in particular in the form of an enzyme preparation.
  • the enzyme preparations or enzyme compositions of the dishwashing detergents according to the invention contain at least one protease and optionally one or more further enzymes.
  • Further suitable enzymes include, but are not limited to, amylases, lipases, hemicellulases, cellulases, perhydrolases or oxidoreductases, and preferably mixtures thereof. In principle, these enzymes are of natural origin; Based on the natural molecules, there are improved variants for use in cleaning agents are available, which are preferably used accordingly.
  • Cleaning agents according to the invention preferably contain enzymes in total amounts of 1 ⁇ 10 -6 to 5% by weight, based on active protein. The protein concentration can be determined with the aid of known methods, for example the BCA method or the biuret method.
  • proteases are among the technically most important enzymes of all. For detergents and cleaning agents, they are the longest established enzymes and are contained in practically all modern, high-performance washing and cleaning agents. They cause the degradation of protein-containing soiling on the items to be cleaned.
  • proteases of the subtilisin type (subtilases, subtilopeptidases, EC 3.4.21.62) are particularly important, which are serine proteases due to the catalytically active amino acids. They act as non-specific endopeptidases and hydrolyze any acid amide bonds that are inside peptides or proteins. Their pH optimum is usually in the clearly alkaline range.
  • Subtilases Subtilisin-like Proteases "by R.
  • Subtilisin enzymes edited by R. Bott and C. Betzel, New York, 1996 .
  • Subtilases are naturally produced by microorganisms. Among these, the subtilisins formed and secreted by Bacillus species should be mentioned as the most important group within the subtilases.
  • proteases of the subtilisin type preferably used according to the invention are the subtilisins BPN 'and Carlsberg, the protease PB92, the subtilisins 147 and 309, the protease from Bacillus lentus, in particular from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483, subtilisin DY and the subtilases, not but rather the enzymes thermitase, proteinase K and the proteases TW3 and TW7, which can be assigned to the subtilisins in the narrower sense, as well as variants of the proteases mentioned, which have a modified amino acid sequence compared to the starting protease.
  • Proteases are modified in a targeted or random manner by methods known from the prior art and thus optimized for use in detergents and cleaning agents, for example. These include point mutagenesis, deletion or insertion mutagenesis or fusion with other proteins or protein parts. For most of the proteases known from the prior art, correspondingly optimized variants are known.
  • amylases examples include the ⁇ -amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, from B. amyloliquefaciens, from B. stearothermophilus, from Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae, and the improved further developments of the aforementioned amylases for use in cleaning agents. Furthermore, the ⁇ -amylase from Bacillus sp. A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and the cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from B. agaradherens (DSM 9948) should be emphasized.
  • lipases or cutinases can also be used, in particular because of their triglyceride-cleaving activities, but also in order to generate peracids in situ from suitable precursors.
  • suitable precursors include, for example, the lipases originally obtained from Humicola lanuginosa ( Thermomyces lanuginosus ) or further developed, in particular those with the amino acid substitution D96L.
  • oxidoreductases for example oxidases, oxygenases, catalases, peroxidases such as halo-, chloro-, bromo-, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, dioxygenases or laccases (phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases) can be used to increase the bleaching effect.
  • organic, particularly preferably aromatic, compounds that interact with the enzymes are added in order to increase the activity of the oxidoreductases in question (enhancers) or to ensure the flow of electrons (mediators) in the event of greatly differing redox potentials between the oxidizing enzymes and the soiling.
  • a protein and / or enzyme can be protected against damage such as inactivation, denaturation or disintegration, for example due to physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage, particularly during storage.
  • damage such as inactivation, denaturation or disintegration, for example due to physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage, particularly during storage.
  • inhibition of proteolysis is particularly preferred, in particular if the agents also contain proteases.
  • Cleaning agents can contain stabilizers for this purpose; the provision of such means represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Cleaning-active proteases and amylases are generally not provided in the form of the pure protein but rather in the form of stabilized, storable and transportable preparations.
  • These ready-made preparations include, for example, the solid preparations obtained by granulation, extrusion or lyophilization or, in particular in the case of liquid or gel-like agents, solutions of the enzymes, advantageously as concentrated as possible, with little water and / or with stabilizers or other auxiliaries.
  • the enzymes can be encapsulated both for the solid and for the liquid dosage form, for example by spray drying or extrusion of the enzyme solution together with a preferably natural polymer or in the form of capsules, for example those in which the enzymes are enclosed as if in a solidified gel or in those of the core-shell type in which an enzyme-containing core is coated with a protective layer impermeable to water, air and / or chemicals.
  • Additional active ingredients for example stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleaches or dyes, can also be applied in superimposed layers.
  • Such capsules are applied by methods known per se, for example by shaking or rolling granulation or in fluid-bed processes. Such granules are advantageously low in dust, for example due to the application of polymeric film formers, and due to the coating are stable in storage.
  • the enzyme protein forms only a fraction of the total weight of conventional enzyme preparations.
  • Protease and amylase preparations preferably used according to the invention contain between 0.1 and 40% by weight, preferably between 0.2 and 30% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.4 and 20% by weight and in particular between 0, 8 and 10% by weight of the enzyme protein.
  • Dishwashing detergents which, based in each case on their total weight, contain 0.1 to 12% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight and in particular 0.5 to 8% by weight of enzyme preparations are particularly preferred.
  • the enzyme protein forms only a fraction of the total weight of conventional enzyme preparations.
  • Protease and amylase preparations used according to the invention contain from 1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 2 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably from 3 to 25% by weight, of the enzyme protein.
  • Particularly preferred cleaning agents are those which, based in each case on their total weight, 0.1 to 12% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight and in particular 0.5 to 8% by weight of the respective enzyme preparations contain.
  • compositions described herein can also include enzyme stabilizers.
  • stabilizers are reversible protease inhibitors.
  • Benzamidine hydrochloride, borax, boric acids, boronic acids or their salts or esters are often used for this purpose, including, in particular, derivatives with aromatic groups, such as ortho-, meta- or para-substituted phenylboronic acids, in particular 4-formylphenylboronic acid, or the salts or Esters of the compounds mentioned.
  • Peptide aldehydes that is to say oligopeptides with a reduced C-terminus, in particular those made from 2 to 50 monomers, are also used for this purpose.
  • the peptide reversible protease inhibitors include ovomucoid and Leupeptin. Specific, reversible peptide inhibitors for the protease subtilisin and fusion proteins from proteases and specific peptide inhibitors are also suitable for this purpose.
  • Further enzyme stabilizers are amino alcohols such as mono-, di-, triethanol- and propanolamine and mixtures thereof, aliphatic carboxylic acids up to C 12 , such as, for example, succinic acid, other dicarboxylic acids or salts of the acids mentioned. End-capped fatty acid amide alkoxylates are also suitable for this purpose. Certain organic acids used as builders are capable of, as in WO 97/18287 discloses additionally stabilizing a contained enzyme.
  • the dishwashing detergent as described herein comprises at least one bleaching agent.
  • Bleaching agents are substances that are active in washing or cleaning.
  • Sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance among the compounds which serve as bleaching agents and produce H 2 O 2 in water.
  • Further bleaching agents that can be used are, for example, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and peracid salts or peracids which provide H 2 O 2 , such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloimino peracid or diperdodecanedioic acid. All other inorganic or organic peroxy bleaches known to the person skilled in the art from the prior art can also be used. According to the invention, the percarbonates and here in particular sodium percarbonate are particularly preferred as bleaching agents.
  • automatic dishwashing agents which contain 1 to 35% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably 3.5 to 20% by weight and in particular 5 to 15% by weight of bleaching agent, preferably sodium percarbonate , contain.
  • the automatic dishwashing agents additionally contain at least one bleach activator.
  • Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid.
  • acylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), are acylated Glycolurils, especially tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS) are particularly preferably used.
  • TAED in particular in combination with a percarbonate bleaching agent, preferably sodium percarbonate, is very particularly preferred as
  • bleach activators are preferably used in amounts of up to 10% by weight, in particular 0.1% by weight to 8% by weight, especially 2 to 8% by weight and particularly preferably 2 to 6% by weight, each based on the total weight of the bleach activator-containing agents used.
  • the pH value of the cleaning agent can be adjusted by means of conventional pH regulators, the pH value being selected depending on the intended use.
  • the pH is in a range from 5.5 to 10.5, preferably 5.5 to 9.5, even more preferably 7 to 9, in particular greater than 7, especially in the range 7.5 to 8.5 .
  • Acids and / or alkalis, preferably alkalis, are used as pH adjusting agents.
  • Suitable acids are in particular organic acids such as acetic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and gluconic acid or amidosulfonic acid.
  • Suitable bases come from the group of alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and carbonates, in particular the alkali metal hydroxides, of which potassium hydroxide and especially sodium hydroxide is preferred.
  • volatile alkali is particularly preferred, for example in the form of ammonia and / or alkanolamines, which can contain up to 9 carbon atoms in the molecule.
  • the alkanolamine is preferably selected from the group consisting of mono-, di-, triethanol- and propanolamine and mixtures thereof.
  • the alkanolamine is contained in agents according to the invention preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight, in particular in an amount of 1 to 6% by weight.
  • the agent according to the invention can contain one or more buffer substances (INCI buffering agents), usually in amounts of 0.001 to 5% by weight. Preference is given to buffer substances which are at the same time complexing agents or even chelating agents (chelators, INCI chelating agents). Particularly preferred buffer substances are citric acid or the citrates, in particular the sodium and potassium citrates, for example trisodium citrate ⁇ 2H 2 O and tripotassium citrate ⁇ H 2 O.
  • glass corrosion inhibitors which prevent the occurrence of cloudiness, streaks and scratches, but also the iridescence of the glass surface of machine-cleaned glasses.
  • Preferred glass corrosion inhibitors come from the group of the magnesium and zinc salts and the magnesium and zinc complexes.
  • the content is Zinc salt in automatic dishwashing detergents preferably between 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably between 0.2 to 4% by weight and in particular between 0.4 to 3% by weight, or the content of zinc in oxidized form ( calculated as Zn 2+ ) between 0.01 to 1% by weight, preferably between 0.02 to 0.5% by weight and in particular between 0.04 to 0.2% by weight, each based on the total weight of the means.
  • individual odoriferous compounds e.g. synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type can be used as perfume oils or fragrances.
  • perfume oils can also contain natural odorant mixtures, such as those obtainable from vegetable sources, e.g. pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouli, rose or ylang-ylang oil.
  • Preservatives can also be contained in the agents.
  • preservatives from the groups of alcohols, aldehydes, antimicrobial acids and / or their salts, carboxylic acid esters, acid amides, phenols, phenol derivatives, diphenyls, diphenylalkanes, urea derivatives, oxygen and nitrogen acetals and formals, benzamidines, isothiazoles and their derivatives are suitable such as isothiazolines and isothiazolinones, phthalimide derivatives, pyridine derivatives, antimicrobial surface-active compounds, guanidines, antimicrobial amphoteric compounds, quinolines, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, iodo-2-propynyl-butyl-carbamate, iodine, iodophores and peroxides.
  • Preferred antimicrobial agents are preferably selected from the group comprising ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, 1,3-butanediol, phenoxyethanol, 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol, undecylenic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, thymol, 2- Benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 2,2'-methylene-bis- (6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N- ( 3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea, N, N '- (1,10-decanediyldi-1-pyridinyl-4-ylidene) -bis- (1-octanamine) -dihydrochloride, N, N'-bis- (4- Chlorophenyl) -3,12-d
  • Particularly preferred preservatives are selected from the group comprising salicylic acid, quaternary surfactants, in particular benzalkonium chloride and isothiazoles and their derivatives such as isothiazolines and isothiazolinones.
  • a dishwashing detergent according to the invention in particular a liquid dishwashing detergent according to the invention, as defined herein, can contain water.
  • the dishwashing detergents according to the invention are preferably low-water to water-free dishwashing detergents, the water content being less than 20% by weight and preferably less than 15% by weight, even more preferably less than 10% by weight, based on the total dishwashing detergent.
  • non-aqueous solvents can be added to the dishwashing detergent.
  • Suitable non-aqueous solvents include monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers, provided they are miscible with water in the specified concentration range.
  • the solvents are preferably selected from ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propanediol, butanediol, methylpropanediol, glycerol, diglycol, propyl diglycol, butyl diglycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, Diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, methoxy triglycol, ethoxy triglycol, butoxy triglycol, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, propylene-butoxyethoxy-2-propan
  • the automatic dishwashing detergents described herein can be in pre-portioned form, i.e. they are pre-packaged into dosage units.
  • These metering units preferably comprise the amount of cleaning-active substances necessary for a cleaning cycle.
  • Preferred dosing units have a weight between 8 and 30 g, preferably between 10 and 26 g and in particular between 12 and 22 g.
  • the volume of the aforementioned metering units and their spatial shape are particularly preferably selected so that the pre-assembled units can be metered via the metering chamber of a dishwasher.
  • the volume of the dosing unit is therefore preferably between 10 and 35 ml, preferably between 12 and 30 ml.
  • the automatic dishwashing agent is pre-portioned in a water-soluble or water-dispersible package.
  • the water-soluble or water-dispersible packaging is preferably formed by a water-soluble or water-dispersible film material.
  • Such packaging can be produced either by vertical form fill sealing (VFFS) or thermoforming processes.
  • VFFS vertical form fill sealing
  • thermoforming processes thermoforming processes
  • the thermoforming process generally includes forming a first layer of a water-soluble sheet material to form bulges for receiving a composition therein, pouring the respective composition into the bulges, covering the bulges filled with the composition with a second layer of a water-soluble sheet material and sealing the first and second layers with one another at least around the bulges.
  • the water-soluble or water-dispersible packaging is preferably formed from a water-soluble film material which is selected from the group consisting of polymers or polymer mixtures.
  • This covering can be formed from one or from two or more layers of the water-soluble film material.
  • the water-soluble film material of the first layer and the further layers, if any, can be the same or different.
  • Particularly preferred are foils which, for example, can be glued and / or sealed to form packaging such as tubes or pillows after they have been filled with an agent.
  • the films have the form of multi-chamber pouches, with individual components of the automatic dishwashing agent, as defined herein, being spatially separated in different chambers of a pouch made of a water-soluble film.
  • the water-soluble or water-dispersible packaging comprises polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer.
  • Water-soluble casings which contain polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer have good stability with sufficiently high water solubility, in particular cold water solubility.
  • Suitable water-soluble films for producing such coverings are preferably based on a polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer whose molecular weight is in the range from 10,000 to 1,000,000 gmol -1 , preferably from 20,000 to 500,000 gmol -1 , particularly preferably from 30,000 to 100,000 gmol -1 and in particular from 40,000 to 80,000 gmol -1 .
  • polyvinyl alcohol is usually done by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate, since the direct synthesis route is not possible.
  • polyvinyl alcohol copolymers which are produced from polyvinyl acetate copolymers.
  • at least one layer of the water-soluble coating comprises a polyvinyl alcohol whose degree of hydrolysis is 70 to 100 mol%, preferably 80 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably 81 to 89 mol% and in particular 82 to 88 mol%.
  • a polyvinyl alcohol-containing film material suitable for producing the water-soluble envelope can additionally contain a polymer selected from the group comprising (meth) acrylic acid-containing (co) polymers, polyacrylamides, oxazoline polymers, polystyrene sulfonates, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyethers, polylactic acid or mixtures of the above Polymers may be added.
  • a preferred additional polymer are polylactic acids.
  • Preferred polyvinyl alcohol copolymers include, in addition to vinyl alcohol, dicarboxylic acids as further monomers.
  • Suitable dicarboxylic acids are itaconic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid and mixtures thereof, with itaconic acid being preferred.
  • polyvinyl alcohol copolymers include vinyl alcohol as well as an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, its salt or its ester.
  • Such polyvinyl alcohol copolymers particularly preferably contain acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters or mixtures thereof in addition to vinyl alcohol.
  • the film material contains further additives.
  • the film material can for example contain plasticizers such as dipropylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine, sorbitol, mannitol or mixtures thereof.
  • Further additives include, for example, release aids, fillers, crosslinking agents, surfactants, antioxidants, UV absorbers, antiblocking agents, anti-stick agents or mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable water-soluble films for use in the water-soluble envelopes of the water-soluble packaging according to the invention are films which are sold by MonoSol LLC, for example under the designation M8630, C8400 or M8900.
  • Other suitable films include films with the designation Solublon® PT, Solublon® GA, Solublon® KC or Solublon® KL from Aicello Chemical Europe GmbH or the films VF-HP from Kuraray.
  • the water-soluble packaging can have a substantially dimensionally stable spherical and pillow-shaped configuration with a circular, elliptical, square or rectangular basic shape.
  • the corresponding use of the dishwashing detergent according to the invention is also an object of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to an automatic dishwashing method in which a dishwashing agent according to the present invention is used.
  • the present application therefore also relates to a method for cleaning dishes in a dishwasher, in which the agent according to the invention is metered into the interior of a dishwasher while a dishwasher program is running before the start of the main wash cycle or during the main wash cycle.
  • the metering or introduction of the agent according to the invention into the interior of the dishwasher can take place manually, but the agent is preferably metered into the interior of the dishwasher by means of the metering chamber.
  • compositions according to the invention can consequently be transferred to the dishwashing detergents and the uses and methods described herein, and vice versa.
  • Example 1 rinse aid with different additives
  • phase 1 and phase 2 were used per wash cycle.
  • the rinse-rinse tests were carried out in a Bosch dishwasher SMS 86M12 DE with the Eco 50 ° C program (shortened time) with a water hardness of 21 ° dH in the presence of 100 g of ballast dirt (4 g margarine, 4 g potato starch, 1.6 g NaCl, 16 g Whole egg, 74.4 g water).
  • ballast dirt 4 g margarine, 4 g potato starch, 1.6 g NaCl, 16 g Whole egg, 74.4 g water.
  • the arithmetic mean values (n 3) are shown.
  • E3-E5 shows a significantly improved spotting compared to experiment V7, which is not according to the invention, the formulations E3 and E5 showing significantly better spotting on stainless steel than E4.

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WO1997018287A1 (fr) 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Unilever N.V. Composition detergente de lavage de la vaisselle a base de peracide
WO2010067054A1 (fr) * 2008-12-08 2010-06-17 Reckitt Benckiser N. V. Composition d'adjuvant de séchage
DE102009029637A1 (de) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-24 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Maschinelles Geschirrspülmittel
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WO1997018287A1 (fr) 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Unilever N.V. Composition detergente de lavage de la vaisselle a base de peracide
WO2010067054A1 (fr) * 2008-12-08 2010-06-17 Reckitt Benckiser N. V. Composition d'adjuvant de séchage
DE102009029637A1 (de) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-24 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Maschinelles Geschirrspülmittel
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