EP3845710B1 - Procédé de traitement du sol par enlèvement pourvu d'outil d'enlèvement incliné par rapport à la direction d'avancement et machine de traitement du sol conçue pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement du sol par enlèvement pourvu d'outil d'enlèvement incliné par rapport à la direction d'avancement et machine de traitement du sol conçue pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé Download PDF

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EP3845710B1
EP3845710B1 EP20214751.8A EP20214751A EP3845710B1 EP 3845710 B1 EP3845710 B1 EP 3845710B1 EP 20214751 A EP20214751 A EP 20214751A EP 3845710 B1 EP3845710 B1 EP 3845710B1
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Prior art keywords
working
machine
axis
earth
angle
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EP20214751.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3845710A1 (fr
Inventor
Sebastian Winkels
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Wirtgen GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E01C23/127—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus rotary, e.g. rotary hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/065—Recycling in place or on the road, i.e. hot or cold reprocessing of paving in situ or on the traffic surface, with or without adding virgin material or lifting of salvaged material; Repairs or resurfacing involving at least partial reprocessing of the existing paving
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/004—Devices for guiding or controlling the machines along a predetermined path

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a soil processing method for removing soil material by means of a tool rotating about a working axis according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the rotating tool is carried by a machine frame of a soil processing machine, the machine frame standing on a subsurface by a rolling chassis and by a propulsion -Drive device is driven relative to the ground to a propulsion movement along a propulsion direction.
  • the propulsion movement of the soil cultivating machine provides - as in the present invention - for a feed movement of the rotating tool.
  • the present invention also relates to a soil processing machine, such as a road milling machine, recycler, stabilizer or surface miner, which is designed to carry out the soil processing method mentioned above.
  • a soil processing machine such as a road milling machine, recycler, stabilizer or surface miner, which is designed to carry out the soil processing method mentioned above.
  • a generic method and a soil cultivating machine according to the preamble of claim 3 are from FR 1 266 660 known. From the US 3,767,264A a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known. The ones from the US 3,767,264A known soil cultivating machine has a milling drum which, together with its working axis, can be pivoted about a pivot axis parallel to the yaw axis between a transport position and an operating position.
  • a compact road milling machine known as a "rear rotor milling machine” which, to improve its maneuverability, can steer the steerable wheels of its front axle on the one hand and its rear axle on the other in the same direction with the same steering angle in order to reduce the space required for maneuvering the known road milling machine in so-called “crab steer”. and to allow easier positioning of the milling device.
  • the soil processing method mentioned at the outset is used by soil processing machines, in particular in the form of road milling machines, recyclers, stabilizers or also various surface miners, in order to remove soil material as intended.
  • soil processing machines in particular in the form of road milling machines, recyclers, stabilizers or also various surface miners, in order to remove soil material as intended.
  • soil tillage methods and a soil tillage machine designed for its implementation in the form of road milling machines DE 10 2005 035 480 A1 , on the DE 10 2016 003 895 A1 or also on the WO 03/100172 A , to name just a few.
  • their direction of advance which is the direction of advance of the rotating tool, is orthogonal to the working axis of the tool.
  • the removal of soil material is mainly carried out by milling tools, which are arranged on the lateral surface running around the working axis.
  • the end faces of the rotating abrasive tool are subject to above-average wear compared to the wear on the lateral surface carrying the milling tool. This is partly due to the fact that the end faces of the tool - in the case of the above-mentioned publications a milling drum as the tool - come into greater contact with the soil material to be removed or already removed than the lateral surface located between the end faces, which is caused by the milling cutters arranged thereon protected from contact with the floor material to a higher degree than the end faces.
  • DE 10 2010 013 983 A1 logically proposes also providing milling tools on the end face of a milling drum, so that the area axially adjacent to an end face outside of the tool or the milling drum is also cleared of milling tools.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is the high cost of manufacturing and assembling such a milling drum with end milling tools, which can be repeated during maintenance operations.
  • additional cutting tools have to be attached to the milling drum, and on the other hand, a cutting tool is more difficult to stably attach to the end face than to the outer surface, where - unlike on the end face - a relatively large surface area is available for each cutting tool to be attached.
  • the present invention solves this problem with the soil-removing soil processing method mentioned at the outset in that the advance direction of the machine frame and thus of a soil processing machine having the rotating tool and consequently the advance direction of the rotating tool encloses an angle other than 90° with the working axis during soil-removing soil processing.
  • the floor material can have little or no abrasive effect on the trailing longitudinal end.
  • the wear load on the trailing longitudinal end is therefore low, so that the arrangement of cutting means, such as milling tools, on the face of the tool can be dispensed with.
  • the soil-removing process can therefore be carried out with a conventional rotating tool without special protection of the trailing end face.
  • the tool which is set relative to the advance direction as described above, has a trailing longitudinal end as well as a leading longitudinal end, for which the wear conditions are adversely changed by the setting of the tool.
  • this is not a mandatory operating condition of the leading longitudinal end of the tool, since the leading longitudinal end does not necessarily have to be in erosive engagement with the soil to be worked.
  • the rotating tool extends between two axial longitudinal ends in relation to the working axis, with the tool having a leading axial longitudinal end and a trailing axial longitudinal end due to the orientation of the working axis in the advance direction the axial removal width is selected in such a way that the trailing longitudinal end is in removing engagement with the soil material to be removed, but the leading longitudinal end is not.
  • the floor areas to be removed are wider than the removal width, even the maximum possible removal width of the rotating tool, so that a floor area to be removed is removed in almost all processing cases in several parallel paths that are traversed one after the other. It is thus easily possible, for the second and each subsequent path to be removed, to arrange the leading longitudinal end on the already processed side of an already created removal edge and to bring only a section of the rotating tool that is axial with respect to the working axis into removal engagement with the ground, which only contains the trailing longitudinal end.
  • the leading longitudinal end is disengaged from the soil to be excavated and the trailing longitudinal end is angularly spaced from the excavation edge created during the particular operation.
  • the maximum achievable removal width of the tool is reduced by the oblique setting of the working axis with respect to the advance direction of the soil tillage machine, compared to soil tillage in which the advance direction is orthogonal to the working axis.
  • the percentage loss of the maximum achievable removal width corresponds to the value of 1 minus the cosine of the angle of attack by which the advance direction is inclined with respect to a plane orthogonal to the working axis.
  • the percentage loss of the maximum achievable removal width is less than 3.5% with an angle of attack of 15° and slightly more than with an angle of attack of 10° 1.5%.
  • the setting angle is therefore preferably 15° or less, particularly preferably 10° or less.
  • the angle of incidence is 5° or less, between about 5° and 3°, but greater than 0°.
  • an angle of attack of 5° With an angle of attack of 5°, a considerable reduction in wear is already achieved at the trailing longitudinal end of the rotating tool, although the loss of the maximum possible working width is less than 0.4%. Compared to the significant reduction in wear that can be achieved on the rotating tool, the losses in the maximum possible working width described are almost negligible.
  • the rotating tool such as in the FR 1 266 660 disclosed, be arranged with a working axis on the machine frame of the soil tillage machine, which is inclined by the angle of attack with respect to a reference plane which is spanned by a roll axis running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the machine frame and by a yaw axis of the soil tillage machine running parallel to the machine height direction. Then the soil cultivating machine can simply be moved straight ahead along its rolling axis during soil cultivating, with the trailing longitudinal end being located away from a shaving edge already for structural reasons due to the skewed arrangement of the tool.
  • This very simple and uncomplicated processing method for the machine operator has the disadvantage that often during the first path of a soil removal, the leading longitudinal end is also in eroding engagement with the soil to be removed and is therefore exposed to a higher wear load during this first path.
  • the chassis has a plurality of steerable running gears that can roll on the ground, with the soil tillage method comprising steering the running gears in such a way that the direction of advance when the soil tillage machine is traveling straight ahead forms an angle with a roll axis running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the machine frame includes.
  • the working axis can then have a fixed angular orientation relative to the reference plane, preferably orthogonal thereto.
  • soil tillage machines have drives that can be steered and rolled on the ground anyway.
  • the first path of a scavenging tillage can be carried out in the conventional manner without a working axis set at an angle to the advance direction, i.e. with a working axis orthogonal to the reference plane, with the advance direction of the soil tillage machine running parallel to the rolling axis during the first path, so that the advance direction of the tillage is the same Machine and thus the feed direction of the rotating tool are oriented orthogonally to its working axis.
  • a cutting edge is created as a boundary formation between the removed first track and the remaining ground area that has not yet been removed but still has to be removed, so that the second and each additional track can be steered or adjusted accordingly with the working axis in relation to the advance direction and consequently without Machining intervention of the leading longitudinal end of the tool can be performed.
  • the machine longitudinal direction or the rolling axis of the soil tillage machine deviates during soil tillage by the angle of attack from the longitudinal direction of the subsoil to be worked, for example the tracks to be removed. This can even apply to curved paths of a path to be removed.
  • the rolling axis of the tillage machine is usually oriented parallel to a local tangent to the curved trajectory at the location of the tillage machine
  • the roll axis deviates angularly from the local tangent even with curved trajectories during tillage the curved trajectory at the respective processing location of the soil tillage machine along the processing path, usually in turn by the angle of attack.
  • the present invention also relates to a mobile soil-removing soil cultivating machine according to the preamble of claim 3, comprising a for Standing up on a base formed undercarriage with a plurality of steerable, rollable on the ground Running gear, the running gear supporting a machine frame, which carries a working device with a soil-removing tool that can be rotated about a working axis, the working axis being arranged with a constant angular orientation relative to the above-mentioned reference plane, which is defined by a roll axis running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the machine frame and by a is clamped parallel to the machine height direction running yaw axis of the soil tillage machine.
  • the soil cultivating machine has a working drive device to drive the tool to rotate about the working axis, and the soil cultivating machine has a propulsion drive device to drive the soil cultivating machine for propulsive movement relative to the ground on which it stands.
  • the soil cultivating machine also has a steering device in order to change a steering angle of the plurality of steerable running gears relative to the reference plane.
  • the present invention also achieves the object mentioned at the outset in that the mobile soil tillage machine is designed to carry out the soil tillage method which removes soil, as described and developed above.
  • the mobile soil tillage machine is designed to carry out the soil tillage method which removes soil, as described and developed above.
  • the soil cultivation method Configurations and developments of a soil cultivation machine disclosed in connection with the description of the soil cultivation method are further developments of the soil cultivation machine according to the invention.
  • developments of the soil cultivation method disclosed in connection with the explanation of the soil cultivation machine according to the invention are further developments of the soil cultivation method according to the invention.
  • the configuration of the soil cultivating machine for carrying out the soil cultivating method according to the invention can be realized by a control device of the soil cultivating machine.
  • the control device can include one or more integrated circuits and a data memory, for example in the form of an on-board computer or a programmable logic controller.
  • the control device can be designed to control the machine on the basis of a data memory stored operating program automatically to control the execution of the soil processing method described above.
  • the control device can output control commands at least to the steering device.
  • a predetermined angle of attack can be stored in the data memory of the control device.
  • the selection can also be made automatically by the control device after entering the necessary processing parameters.
  • the soil cultivation machine is preferably designed to travel straight ahead during a soil-removing working operation of the working device along a forward drive direction which, with a working plane running parallel to the yaw axis and containing the working axis, has an angle of 90° includes different angles.
  • the included angle is always the smallest of several recognizable angles included between the advance direction and the working plane.
  • the above-described angle of attack which is the angle that the advance direction forms with the reference plane, is also the angle by which the two angles formed by an advance plane that is parallel to the yaw axis and runs in the advance direction with the working plane differ from a right angle.
  • the smaller angle relevant here is reduced by the amount of the angle of attack compared to a right angle, the second existing larger angle between the propulsion plane and the working plane is increased by the amount of the angle of attack compared to a right angle.
  • the rolling carriages can have wheels as wheel carriages and/or circulating chains as chain carriages. It is also a mixed arrangement of structurally different drives on one and the same tillage machine Conceivable, for example, that at the front longitudinal end drives of a construction type consisting of wheel drives and chain drives is arranged and that drives of the respective other construction type are arranged at the rear longitudinal end of the tillage machine.
  • the working axis is arranged orthogonally to the reference plane and if the steering device is designed to orient the plurality of steerable running gears with a respective steering angle in such a way that the direction of advance of the tillage machine when driving straight ahead forms an angle with includes the roll axis.
  • the angle included with the roll axis is the angle of attack described above.
  • the advantage lies in the fact that by appropriate adjustment of the steering device with a soil tillage implement with a working axis orthogonal to the reference plane, both in the conventional way with a propulsion direction orthogonal to the working axis, i.e. with an angle of attack of 0°, and in the special way described here with a 0° deviating angle of attack and thus can be worked with a trailing longitudinal end, so that the front side of the trailing longitudinal end is angularly spaced apart from a generated cutting edge by the angle of attack during erosive tillage when driving straight ahead and is therefore arranged almost contact-free.
  • a chassis axis of the soil tillage machine is formed by only a single running gear.
  • at least one chassis axle preferably at least two chassis axles, are formed by two running gears, which are located along the roll axis in a substantially common axial position, but on different sides of the reference plane.
  • at least two running gears of a common chassis axis are connected to one another by a tie rod for the common steering movement.
  • the soil tillage implement can be steered while complying with the Ackermann condition.
  • the tie rod can be designed to be variable in length.
  • the lateral slip results from the fact that when the soil cultivation method according to the invention is carried out, the steering angle of running gears on a running gear axis is different from 0°, with the use of a tie rod ensuring that the steering angle of the running gear on the inside of the curve is greater in absolute terms than the steering angle of the running gear on the outside of the curve drive. If an attempt is made to drive straight ahead with such a steering setting, lateral slip occurs on one and the same chassis axle due to the different amounts of steering angle.
  • the variability in length of the tie rod can be achieved by a piston-cylinder arrangement, of which the piston is coupled to one running gear and the cylinder to the other running gear of the same chassis axle.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement can be part of the tie rod or can overlap a separation point of a two-part, in particular telescopic tie rod.
  • the tie rod can be designed to be variable in length by means of a spindle drive. This also requires an at least two-part tie rod, the two parts of which can be displaced relative to one another along the longitudinal direction of the tie rod.
  • lateral slip can also be reduced or completely avoided by connecting at least two running gears of a common running gear axis by a tie rod for common steering movement, with each longitudinal end of the tie rod being connected by a steering lever is connected to the respective other drive of the same chassis axis, with a steering lever being rotatable relative to the drive carrying it about a correction axis parallel to the yaw axis.
  • a steering movement-transmitting steering lever can be rotated relative to the carriage carrying it about the correction axis, so that it can also be ensured in this way that, despite the steering angle, both carriages coupled by a tie rod of a common chassis axis have steering angles of the same amount.
  • the amounts required for the respective angle of attack for corrective movements in the form of a change in length of a length-variable tie rod and/or in the form of a rotation of a steering lever about the correction axis are preferably stored in the data memory of the control device.
  • the control device is preferably designed to control an actuator that brings about the respective corrective movement.
  • the angle of attack is generally small in terms of absolute value, in particular less than 15° or even less than 10°, a small degree of lateral slip generated as a result can also simply be accepted.
  • the machine frame is preferably carried on the chassis in a height-adjustable manner.
  • the removal depth of the tool ie the depth of the tool engagement in the soil to be removed, can be adjusted in a simple manner by shifting the height of the machine frame and thus the working axis, which is usually fixed relative to the machine frame.
  • Individual or all running gears of the running gear are preferably connected to the machine frame via lifting columns that are known per se, in order to achieve height adjustability of the machine frame.
  • the tool is preferably a milling drum which carries milling tools at least on its lateral surface running around the working axis at a radial distance.
  • at least a majority of the milling cutters are arranged in a helical shape on the lateral surface. Since the cutting bits are exposed to severe wear and tear due to their engagement with surfaces that are usually mineral, such as road surfaces, for example, the cutting bits are preferably arranged in what are known as quick-change tool holders on a milling drum tube as a main body of the milling drum in order to facilitate their replacement when their wear limit is reached.
  • the design of the soil tillage machine to carry out the soil tillage method described above does not mean or does not necessarily mean that the soil tillage machine is only designed to carry out the soil tillage method described above.
  • the soil tillage machine is also designed to move straight ahead along a driving direction, which is orthogonal to the working plane, during a soil-removing working operation of the working device.
  • the steering device is preferably also designed to orient the plurality of steerable running gears with a respective steering angle in such a way that the direction of advance of the soil tillage machine when driving straight ahead is parallel to the roll axis.
  • the soil tillage machine discussed here is preferably a road milling machine, in particular - but not only - a large road milling machine with a milling drum arranged between running gears of a front chassis axle and running gears of a rear chassis axle as the rotating tool, a recycler, a stabilizer or a surface miner.
  • a soil cultivating machine according to the invention (hereinafter referred to as "machine” for short) is generally designated 10 .
  • a large road milling machine is shown as an example of the machine 10 according to the invention, the working device 12 of which is arranged with a known milling drum 14 as a rotating tool that removes soil, as is typical for large road milling machines, between the front running gears 16a and 16b and the rear running gears 18a and 18b.
  • the front drives 16a and 16b, of which in 1 the running gear 16b is covered by the running gear 16a form a front chassis axis VF.
  • the drives 16a, 16b and 18a, 18b are designed as chain drives, for example.
  • the running gears 16a, 16b and 18a, 18b which can each be driven preferably by a hydraulic motor HM for the propulsion movement, together form a running gear 13, are steerable and carry a machine frame 20, which in turn carries the working device 12.
  • the machine 10 is thus a self-propelled vehicle.
  • the direction of gravity is in the figures 1 and 2 marked with an arrow g.
  • the one to the character level of figure 1 orthogonal, parallel to the pitch axis Ni of the machine 10 running working axis R rotatable milling drum 14 is shielded from the outside of the machine 10 by a milling drum box 22, which supports the milling drum 14 rotatably about the working axis R.
  • the milling drum box 22 is the ground U, on which the machine 10 with the drives 16a, 16b and 18a, 18b stands up, and which the milling drum 14 removes, open to allow the machine 10 to work the soil as intended.
  • the machine frame 20 is adjustable in height along the yaw axis Gi via front lifting columns 17a and 17b and rear lifting columns 19a and 19b to the running gears 16a, 16b, 18a and 18b, whereby the milling depth t of the milling drum 14 can be adjusted, for example.
  • the machine 10 can be controlled from a control station 24 .
  • the operator's stand 24 can be covered in a manner known per se.
  • An internal combustion engine 25 supplies the drive energy, among other things, for the hydraulic motors HM as the propulsion drive device of the machine 10, for the work drive device 54 (see Fig. 2 ) for rotating the milling drum 14, and for the steering device 56 (see 2 ) to steer the machine 10.
  • Soil material removed by the milling drum 14 during the intended soil tillage is conveyed by a transport device 26 from the working device 12 to a delivery location 28, where in the example shown it is transported by a transport truck accompanying the machine 10 during soil tillage at a distance in the direction of the roll axis Ro 30 is handed over.
  • the roll axis Ro and the yaw axis Gi span one to the drawing plane figure 1 parallel reference plane BE, which in 2 shown and labeled.
  • the transport device 26 comprises a receiving belt 32 located closer to the working device 12 and a discharge belt 34 which cooperates with the receiving belt 32 and is located further away from the working device 12.
  • the receiving belt 32 can rotate, but is mounted on the machine frame 20 in an unchangeable manner with regard to its relative orientation to the machine frame 20 .
  • the receiving belt 32 transfers the material it has conveyed to the discharge belt 34, which conveys the material that has been taken over to the delivery point 28.
  • the discharge belt 34 is also revolvable, but pivotable relative to the machine frame 20 about a yaw axis parallel pivot axis S and a tilting axis orthogonal to the pivot axis S, so that the delivery point 28, which coincides with the dropping longitudinal end of the drop belt 34, can be moved approximately on the surface of a spherical cap in order to adapt the drop-off point 28 to the respective escort vehicle 30.
  • the transport device 26 is encased along its entire length by a housing 38 in order to prevent the external environment of the transport device 26 from being polluted by dust and material possibly falling from the transport device 26 .
  • the part of the housing 38 located above the receiving belt 32 is largely realized by the machine frame 20 .
  • the latter comprises a suction device 40 with a filter device 42.
  • the suction device 40 sucks in dust-laden air at a suction location 46, which can be located, for example, above the receiving belt 34, and conveys the dust-laden air in the specified sequence through a pre-filter 48 and through the filter device 42 to a blow-off location 50, which is either an outlet on the Conveyor fan 44, which blows off directly to the outside of the machine 10, or which can be an opening in the housing 38 above the discharge belt 34, through which the cleaned air is returned to the transport device 26, so that the cleaned air together with the removed soil material at the discharge point 28 escapes into the environment of the machine 10.
  • a suction location 46 which can be located, for example, above the receiving belt 34, and conveys the dust-laden air in the specified sequence through a pre-filter 48 and through the filter device 42 to a blow-off location 50, which is either an outlet on the Conveyor fan 44, which blows off directly to the outside of the machine 10, or which can be an opening in the housing 38 above the discharge belt 34, through which the cleaned air is returned
  • a filter body 52 is shown in the filter device 42 , the longitudinal axis of which is oriented essentially parallel to the transport direction or to the direction of travel of the discharge belt 34 .
  • figure 1 the machine 10 is shown during conventional erosive tillage, in which the advance direction VR of the machine 10 when driving straight ahead in the plane of the drawing figure 1 parallel reference plane is located.
  • the front chassis axis VF and the rear chassis axis HF are orthogonal to the drawing plane of FIG figure 1 oriented parallel reference plane.
  • the working axis R which is fixed relative to the machine frame 20, is structurally fixed and oriented orthogonally to the reference plane.
  • a working plane AE containing the working axis R and parallel to the yaw axis Gi is in figure 1 therefore orthogonal to the drawing plane of figure 1 and thus oriented orthogonally to the reference plane.
  • FIG 2 is the machine 10 of figure 1 shown roughly schematically in plan view during processing according to the above-described soil processing method according to the invention.
  • the advance direction VR along which the machine 10 travels straight ahead, is inclined by an angle of attack ⁇ with respect to the reference plane BE.
  • the propulsion direction VR encloses an angle other than 90° with the working axis R or with the working plane AE spanned by the working axis R and the yaw axis Gi, with the smallest angle ⁇ being that between the propulsion direction VR and the working axis according to the definition given above R or the working plane AE identifiable angle should be decisive.
  • the angle ⁇ between the advance direction VR and working plane AE is reduced by the amount of the angle of attack ⁇ .
  • the milling drum 14 thus has a leading longitudinal end 14a and a trailing longitudinal end 14b with respect to the advance direction VR.
  • a background area that is still to be processed is shown hatched with U1 and is a background area that has already been processed in order to distinguish it labeled U2.
  • the processed subsoil U2 is delimited by the milling edge 58 formed by the milling drum 14 during the current milling process.
  • the working width AB in figure 2 indicates over what width soil is removed by the milling drum 14 during the soil-removing processing method.
  • the trailing longitudinal end 14b of the milling drum 14 is rotated away from the milling edge 58 by the same angle of incidence ⁇ by which the advance direction VR is inclined with respect to the reference plane BE.
  • the end face 14b1 at the trailing longitudinal end 14b of the milling drum 14 is subjected to considerably less abrasive loading by the milling operation than in the previously described conventional erosive soil processing with the advance direction orthogonal to the working axis R.
  • leading longitudinal end 14a is not in erosive engagement with the subsoil area U1 that is still to be worked, so that the leading longitudinal end 14a and its end face 14a1 are not subjected to abrasive loads, except for the removed soil material thrown around in the milling drum box 22.
  • the inclined position shown of milling drum 14 or its working axis R with respect to the advance direction VR is caused by the steering device 56, which has steered the front running gears 16a and 16b and the rear running gears 18a and 18b by the steering angle ⁇ with respect to the reference plane BE in such a way that the Machine 10 travels straight along the advance direction VR despite a set steering angle ⁇ that is different from 0°, the reference plane BE and thus the roll axis Ro of the machine 10 being aligned at an angle ⁇ to the advance direction VR.
  • the front running gears 16a and 16b of the front running gear axle VF and the rear running gears 18a and 18b of the rear running gear axle HF are, generally speaking, aligned in the same direction and with the same steering angle, in particular steering angles, with respect to the reference plane BE in order to propulsion direction deviating from the roll axis VR required movement to achieve.
  • the steering lock angle is the steering control angle entered into the steering device of a vehicle axle.
  • the steering angle is the angle resulting from the assigned steering lock angle on the individual running gears, which the rolling plane of the running gear, which is orthogonal to the rolling axis of the respective running gear, encloses with the reference plane.
  • lateral slip is not to be neglected, this can be achieved either by a length-variable tie rod, as is shown by way of example on front tie rod 60, which is designed as a piston-cylinder unit 68 with variable length, or by allowing a steering lever to rotate relative to it relative to the steering axis of its carriage assigned to it, as is indicated on the rear zero-side link lever 66b, which can be rotated about a correction axis K parallel to the yaw axis Gi relative to its lifting column 19b.
  • One or more of the measures mentioned can therefore ensure that the running gear of the same running gear axis, which is jointly steered via an above-described trapezoidal steering linkage made up of one steering lever per bogie and a tie rod connecting the steering levers, can also be steered with the same amount of steering angles with respect to the reference plane BE to one another when using a uniform steering lock angle are aligned parallel.
  • each running gear can also be steerable via its own steering actuator, independently of the steering state of each other running gear.
  • low-wear tillage for the milling drum 14 at its longitudinal ends 14a and 14b is possible without any constructive change or without any constructive protective measure at the longitudinal ends, compared to conventional tillage with the advance direction VR orthogonal to the working plane AE.
  • wear protection measures are not taken at the longitudinal ends of the milling drum, such as additional clearing milling tools and/or wear-resistant material thickening. These then have an all the greater anti-wear effect due to the overall lower wear load achieved by the oblique setting of the milling drum 14 .
  • the machine 10 preferably has a control device 70, for example comprising one or more integrated circuits and a data memory, which is designed to automatically control the machine 10 on the basis of an operating program stored in the data memory in order to carry out the soil cultivation method described above.
  • the control device 70 can output control commands, such as the desired steering lock angle, to the steering device 56 .
  • a predetermined angle of attack ⁇ can be stored in the data memory of the control device 70 . It can also be considered to store a plurality of different angles of attack in each case assigned to at least one operating or working parameter, for example depending on the excavation depth t and/or the advance speed and/or the type of soil material to be removed, and the angle of attack depending on operating parameters choose which describe the tillage to be done.
  • the data for changing the length of a length-variable tie rod, such as the tie rod 60, or the data for correcting the twisting of a steering arm, such as the steering arm 66b, such that drives connected to one another via a trapezoidal steering linkage for the common steering movement of one and the same chassis axis are aligned parallel to one another despite the steering angle, can be stored in the data memory of the control device 70 .
  • the control device therefore preferably also controls the compensatory movement of the length-variable tie rod and/or the rotatable steering lever.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de traitement du sol pour l'enlèvement de matériau du sol au moyen d'un outil (14) tournant autour d'un axe de travail (R), l'outil rotatif (14) étant porté par un châssis de machine (20) d'une machine de traitement du sol (10), le châssis de machine (20) étant posé sur un sol (U) par un mécanisme de roulement (13) pouvant rouler sur le sol et étant entraîné par rapport au sol (U) par un dispositif d'entraînement vers l'avant (25, HM) pour un mouvement de propulsion le long d'une direction d'avancement (VR), dans lequel la direction d'avancement (VR) formant avec l'axe de travail (R) un angle (β) différent de 90° pendant un traitement du sol par enlèvement, le mécanisme de roulement (13) présentant une pluralité de trains de roulement orientables (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b), pouvant rouler sur le sol (U),
    caractérisé en ce que le procédé de traitement du sol comprend un guidage des trains de roulement (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b) de telle sorte que la direction d'avancement (VR) forme un angle (α) avec un axe de roulement (Ro) s'étendant parallèlement à la direction longitudinale du châssis de la machine lorsque la machine de traitement du sol (10) roule en ligne droite pendant le traitement du sol par enlèvement.
  2. Procédé de traitement du sol selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'outil rotatif (14) s'étend, par rapport à l'axe de travail (R), entre deux extrémités longitudinales axiales (14a, 14b), l'outil (14) présentant, du fait de l'orientation de l'axe de travail (R) dans la direction d'avancement (VR), une extrémité longitudinale axiale avant (14a) et une extrémité longitudinale axiale (14b) arrière, la largeur axiale d'enlèvement (AB) étant choisie de telle sorte que l'extrémité longitudinale arrière (14b) se trouve en contact d'enlèvement avec le matériau de sol (U1) à enlever, mais pas l'extrémité longitudinale avant (14a).
  3. Machine mobile de traitement du sol (10), comprenant un mécanisme de roulement (13) conçu pour se poser sur un sol (U), avec une pluralité de trains de roulement orientables (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b), pouvant rouler sur le sol, le mécanisme de roulement (13) supportant un châssis de machine (20), lequel supporte un dispositif de travail (12) avec un outil d'enlèvement du sol (14) pouvant tourner autour d'un axe de travail (R), l'axe de travail (R) étant disposé avec une orientation angulaire constante par rapport à un plan de référence (BE) qui est défini par un axe de roulement (Ro) s'étendant parallèlement à la direction longitudinale du châssis de la machine et par un axe de lacet (Gi) de la machine de traitement du sol (10) s'étendant parallèlement à la direction de la hauteur de la machine, la machine de traitement du sol (10) comprenant un dispositif d'entraînement de travail (25, 54) pour entraîner l'outil (14) en rotation autour de l'axe de travail (R), la machine de traitement du sol (10) comprenant un dispositif d'entraînement d'avance (25, HM) pour faire avancer la machine de traitement du sol (10) par rapport au sol (U), sur lequel elle repose, et la machine de traitement du sol (10) comportant un dispositif de direction (56) pour modifier un angle de direction (α) de la pluralité de trains de roulement orientables (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b) par rapport au plan de référence (BE),
    caractérisée en ce qu'elle est configurée pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé de traitement du sol par enlèvement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2.
  4. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce que la machine de traitement du sol (10) est adaptée pour se déplacer en ligne droite le long d'une direction d'avancement (VR) qui forme un angle (β) différent de 90° avec un plan de travail (AE) parallèle à l'axe de lacet (Gi) et contenant l'axe de travail (R), pendant un mode de travail d'enlèvement de sol (U1 ) du dispositif de travail (12).
  5. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon la revendication 3 ou 4,
    caractérisée en ce que l'axe de travail (R) est disposé orthogonalement au plan de référence (BE) et en ce que le dispositif de direction (56) est conçu pour orienter la pluralité de trains de roulement orientables (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b) avec un angle de direction respectif (α) de telle sorte que la direction d'avancement (VR) de la machine de traitement du sol (10) forme un angle (α) avec l'axe de roulement (Ro) lors d'un déplacement en ligne droite.
  6. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce qu'au moins deux trains de roulement (16a, 16b/18a, 18b) d'un axe de mécanisme de roulement commun (VF, HF) sont reliés entre eux par une barre d'accouplement (60, 62) pour un mouvement de direction commun, la barre d'accouplement (60) étant de longueur variable.
  7. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce qu'au moins deux trains de roulement (16a, 16b/18a, 18b) d'un axe de mécanisme de roulement commun (VF, HF) sont reliés entre eux par une barre d'accouplement (60, 62) pour un mouvement de direction commun, chaque extrémité longitudinale de la barre d'accouplement (60, 62) étant reliée par un levier de direction (64a, 64b, 66a, 66b) à un autre des trains de roulement (16a, 16b/18a, 18b) de même axe, un levier de direction (66b) pouvant tourner par rapport au train de roulement (18b) qui le porte autour d'un axe de correction (K) parallèle à l'axe de lacet (Gi).
  8. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que le châssis (20) de la machine est porté par le mécanisme de roulement (13) de manière réglable en hauteur.
  9. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8,
    caractérisée en ce que l'outil (14) est un tambour de fraisage (14) qui porte des pics de fraisage au moins sur sa surface d'enveloppe tournant à distance radiale autour de l'axe de travail, dans lequel de préférence au moins un certain nombre des pics de fraisage sont disposés en hélice sur la surface d'enveloppe.
  10. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 9,
    caractérisée en ce que la machine de traitement du sol (10) est également conçue pour se déplacer en ligne droite le long d'une direction d'avancement (VR), qui est orientée orthogonalement à un plan de travail (AE) parallèle à l'axe de lacet (Gi) et contenant l'axe de travail (R), pendant un mode de travail d'enlèvement de sol du dispositif de travail (12), le dispositif de direction (56) étant notamment conçu à cet effet pour orienter la pluralité de trains de roulement orientables (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b) avec un angle de direction respectif de telle sorte que la direction d'avancement (VR) de la machine de traitement du sol (10) soit parallèle à l'axe de roulement (Ro) lors du déplacement en ligne droite.
  11. Machine de traitement du sol (10) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 10,
    caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une fraiseuse routière (10), un recycleur, un stabilisateur ou un Surface Miner.
EP20214751.8A 2019-12-30 2020-12-16 Procédé de traitement du sol par enlèvement pourvu d'outil d'enlèvement incliné par rapport à la direction d'avancement et machine de traitement du sol conçue pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé Active EP3845710B1 (fr)

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DE102019135867.1A DE102019135867A1 (de) 2019-12-30 2019-12-30 Abtragendes Bodenbearbeitungsverfahren mit bezüglich der Vortriebsrichtung schräg angestelltem abtragendem Werkzeug und zur Ausführung des Verfahrens ausgebildete Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine

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DE102021212736A1 (de) 2021-11-11 2023-05-11 Bomag Gmbh Verfahren zum betrieb einer selbstfahrenden bodenfräsmaschine sowie bodenfräsmaschine mit einer steuereinrichtung

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DE102019135867A1 (de) 2021-07-01
US20240125060A1 (en) 2024-04-18
US20210198853A1 (en) 2021-07-01
US11802384B2 (en) 2023-10-31
CN113123205B (zh) 2023-06-06
CN113123205A (zh) 2021-07-16
EP3845710A1 (fr) 2021-07-07
US12264443B2 (en) 2025-04-01

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