Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
  • F01D25/246—Fastening of diaphragms or stator-rings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
  • F01D25/12—Cooling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2250/00—Geometry
  • F05D2250/40—Movement of components
  • F05D2250/41—Movement of components with one degree of freedom
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2260/00—Function
  • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
  • F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2260/00—Function
  • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
  • F05D2260/38—Retaining components in desired mutual position by a spring, i.e. spring loaded or biased towards a certain position
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
  • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
  • F05D2300/12—Light metals
  • F05D2300/121—Aluminium

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the fixing of a heat exchanger carried by an annular part of a turbomachine.
• Figure 1 shows a turbomachine 10 with double flow which comprises moving parts which rub against other moving parts or against fixed parts, this connection is for example a bearing.
• the parts are sprayed with oil which allows on the one hand to limit (or contain) their heating and, on the other hand, to lubricate them to facilitate the sliding of the parts on top of each other.
• the oil circulates in a circuit provided with heat exchangers, in particular oil / air exchangers 12, as shown in FIG. 2, having a matrix, in the form of a sinuous pipe shaped so as to carry out an exchange of heat, in which the oil from said parts is introduced then cooled before being injected again on said parts.
• the heat exchanger 12 shown in FIG. 2 is an annular heat exchanger which is mounted on the radially internal or external face (relative to the longitudinal axis A of the turbomachine) of an annular ferrule 14 delimiting radially outwards or inside an annular vein for the flow of a secondary air flow.
• the hot oil can thus circulate in the heat exchanger 12 and is cooled with the cold air from the annular stream of secondary air of the turbomachine.
• the heat exchanger 12 is not made of the same material as the annular shell on which it is fixed, it is noted that the differences in expansion between the shell 14 and the material constituting the exchanger 12 can weaken the exchanger links thermal 12 at the ferrule.
• These differential expansions are all the more important as the heat exchanger 12 has a large dimension, which is generally the case when it is fixed to the external annular shell.
• the differential expansions are also amplified by the temperature differences between the annular shell 14 and the heat exchanger 12.
• These differential expansions lead to significant mechanical stresses in the heat exchanger 12. It is therefore essential to take these differences into account dilations.
• the invention particularly aims to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to the above problems.
• the present invention firstly relates to an annular assembly for a double-flow turbomachine having a longitudinal axis and comprising a casing comprising an annular ferrule one face of which supports annular equipment, a plurality of means for fixing the equipment to the annular ferrule being distributed around the longitudinal axis and allowing a degree of freedom in tangential direction of the equipment relative to the annular ferrule, characterized in that each fixing means comprises a rail integral with the annular equipment and arranged radially between a first radially internal plate and a second radially external plate capable of sliding in a tangential direction between said first plate and second plate, and in that a removable support element is fixedly connected to the annular shell and to the first plate and second platinum.
• each fixing means comprises two plates integral with a removable support element fixed to the annular shell of the casing, which allows a pre-assembly of the first plate and the second plate to the 'exchanger to facilitate later the addition of the support element.
• the mounting of the heat exchanger on the internal face of the annular shell of the casing is easier and does not require, at the time of its assembly on the casing, taking into account the connection of the support element with the first and second plates, unlike the prior art where the attachment of the exchanger proved to be complicated.
• the heat exchanger is carried by the shell of the casing by means of connections allowing deformation in the circumferential direction, which ensures optimal maintenance of the exchanger while allowing its expansion in the circumferential direction in operation .
• the annular shell of the casing is made of a mechanically resistant material such as titanium, for example, which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion (but it can also be equal to or greater) than that of the heat exchanger which is made of a material, such as structurally less resistant aluminum but whose coefficient of thermal expansion is generally greater, but not necessarily.
• This situation is amplified by the temperature difference between the annular shell (rather cold because at air temperature) and the heat exchanger (rather hot because at oil temperature), which generates differential circumferential displacements additional.
• the rail may comprise an opening with a closed contour delimited internally by at least two substantially tangential edges vis-à-vis in the longitudinal direction of two first tangential faces of the first plate or of the second plate and ensuring guidance of the rail in the tangential direction.
• Said first tangential faces provide sliding guidance of the two circumferential edges of the rail.
• each fixing means can slide in a tangential direction, thus ensuring a circumferential sliding of the exchanger.
• Said two tangential faces are each formed on the first plate and are connected to two second tangential retaining faces radially towards the inside of the rail, the first tangential faces forming with the second tangential faces an L-shaped section.
• This L-shape of two opposite edges of the first plate simultaneously provides guidance and retention radially inward.
• the first plate comprises a central tubular portion engaged clamped in an orifice of the second plate.
• the removable support element may include at least one rod secured to the first plate.
• the rod is fixed directly to the first plate, which makes it possible to keep the radial retention of the rail in all circumstances, unlike a fixing to the second plate.
• Said rod can be a threaded rod screwed into the first plate and comprising a support flat on a face of the annular shell opposite to that carrying the equipment.
• Elastic means can be elastically constrained in the radial direction between the first plate and the rail.
• the elastic means thus make it possible to limit the sliding movement of the rail relative to the ferrule.
• the first plate can comprise a housing for receiving elastic means, such as for example a wave washer.
• the contour includes a convex edge delimiting a part of the rail serving for the radial support of the elastic means.
• the annular ferrule can be an external annular ferrule of an annular vein for the flow of a secondary air flow, the equipment being carried by a radially internal face of the external ferrule.
• the invention is more particularly advantageous when the equipment is a heat exchanger made of a material, such as for example aluminum, having a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than that of the material, such as titanium, of crankcase shell.
• the invention also relates to a method for mounting the assembly described above in which:
• the rail is arranged between the first plate and the second plate fixed to each other, the rail being made integral with a radially external face of the heat exchanger, then
• the assembly carried out in the previous step is shown opposite the radially internal face of the annular shell and the support elements are secured to one of the first plate and the second plate.
• FIG. 1 already described previously, is a schematic perspective view of a turbomachine according to the known technique;
• Figure 2 already described above, is a schematic perspective view of part of an annular heat exchanger mounted in the turbomachine of Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention comprising fixing means with a degree of freedom in the tangential direction;
• Figure 4A is a schematic perspective view of the fastening means according to the invention.
• Figure 4B is a schematic exploded perspective view of the fastening means according to the invention.
• Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of the fixing means, the heat exchanger and an annular shell of a casing according to the cutting plane W of Figure 4A (indicate on 3 or 4A the cutting plane );
• FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of elastic means used in the invention.
• FIG. 3 shows an annular equipment for a turbomachine.
• This equipment 16 is here a heat exchanger and the invention will be described below in relation to this specific equipment but is also applicable to other equipment.
• the body of the heat exchanger 16 is generally produced by extrusion of a material which is a good heat conductor such as for example aluminum. With such a method, it is thus possible to produce the conduits in the thickness of the exchanger 16. Only a portion of the angular sector of the exchanger 16 is shown in FIG. 3. This heat exchanger 16 comprises internal conduits for the circulation of oil to be cooled. The circumferential ends of the exchanger 16 comprising added parts which allow the recirculation of oil. [027]
• the exchanger 16 comprises a plurality of means 18 for fixing the exchanger 16 to the external annular shell 14 which is shown in FIG. 5. It will immediately be noted that the exchanger 16 can be fixed to an internal annular shell d 'a housing without the need to make a new description so that it will be understood that what applies to the outer annular shell 14 also applies to an inner annular shell.
• FIG. 3 illustrates two annular rows of fixing means 18.
• each fixing means 18 allows a connection with a degree of freedom in the tangential direction of the heat exchanger 16 with the external annular shell 14.
• each fixing 18 comprises a rail 20 secured to the heat exchanger 16 and inserted radially between a first plate 22 and a second plate 24.
• the rail 20 has a substantially rectangular shape with an internal opening 26 which has a closed contour.
• This rail 20 thus comprises two rectilinear uprights 28 which are oriented in a tangential direction and which are connected to each other by a first end part 30 and a second end part 32.
• the first end part 30 and the second end portion 32 each comprise an orifice 34 for the passage of a screw 36 for fixing the rail 20 on radially external bosses 38 of the heat exchanger 16 (FIG. 5).
• the first end portion 32 of the rail 20 further comprises a portion 40 forming a tongue extending towards the inside of the opening 26.
• the outline of the opening 26 is delimited by two parallel edges 26a, 26b tangentials of which a first edge 26a is formed on a first rectilinear upright 28 and a second edge 26b is formed on a second rectilinear upright 28, by a longitudinal edge 26c and by a convex curved edge 26d tangentially opposite to the longitudinal edge 26c.
• This convex edge 26d is connected to the ends of the edges longitudinal 26a, 26b and delimit therewith two slots 42 with the external contour of the tongue 40.
• the first plate 22 also has a substantially rectangular shape. It comprises a central tubular portion 44 passing through the opening 26 of the rail 20. This tubular portion 44 is engaged clamped in an orifice 46 of the second plate 24.
• the first plate 22 comprises two parts extending tangentially to 48 L-shaped sections formed on either side of the tubular portion 44 and each formed by a first tangential face 48a and a second tangential face 48b.
• the first tangential faces 48a come vis-à-vis longitudinal of the first 26a and second 26b edges of the outline of the opening 26 of the rail 20 so as to allow tangential guidance of the rail 20.
• the second tangential faces 48b provide a retention radially towards the inside of the rail 20 on the first plate 22.
• the first plate 22 includes an end portion having a curved edge 50 concave coming opposite the convex curved edge of the tongue 40 of the rail 20.
• the portions end of the concave curved edge 50 are intended to be housed in the aforesaid slots 42 of the rail 20, which improves the compactness of each fixing means 18.
• a tangential end of the first plate 22 comprises a housing 52 in which are mounted elastic means 54 able to deform elastically in the radial direction.
• These elastic means 54 are, for example, a wave washer as shown in FIG. 6. They can be elastically prestressed during mounting between the first plate 22 and rail 20, here more specifically the tongue 40 of rail 20.
• first plate 22 has a longitudinal dimension greater than the longitudinal dimension of the opening of the rail 20 ( Figures 4A and 4B). More specifically, the rectilinear uprights 28 of the rail 20 are capable of sliding on the second plate 24 on either side of its orifice 46 for mounting the tubular portion 44 of the first plate 22. [034] Although not shown, the first 48a tangential sliding guide faces tangential to the first 26a and second 26b edges of the rail 20 could be formed on the second plate 24.
• a removable support element 56 is mounted on the annular ferrule 14 and comprises a flat part 56a for bearing on the radially external face of the external annular ferrule 14 and a screwed rod 56b in the tubular portion 44 of the first plate 22. With such an assembly, the first plate 22 and the second plate 24 are fixed integrally to the external annular shell 14.
• each of the fasteners 18 with tangential degree of freedom is assembled in the following manner:
• the rail 20 is arranged between the first plate 22 and the second plate 24 fixed to each other, the rail 20 being made integral with a radially external face of the heat exchanger 16, then
• each attachment is preassembled to the heat exchanger 16, which simplifies the assembly of the heat exchanger 16 on the external annular shell 14. Furthermore, the elastic means 54 make it possible to avoid movements untimely first 22 and second 24 stages since the first stage 22 secured to the second stage 24 is blocked on the rail 20.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
• Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=65244034

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2018
  • 2018-09-28 FR FR1859038A patent/FR3086691B1/fr active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-09-25 EP EP19797323.3A patent/EP3857031B1/de active Active
  • 2019-09-25 JP JP2021517247A patent/JP7483697B2/ja active Active
  • 2019-09-25 WO PCT/FR2019/052265 patent/WO2020065220A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2019-09-25 CN CN201980069442.2A patent/CN112912594B/zh active Active
  • 2019-09-25 US US17/280,856 patent/US11591930B2/en active Active

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