EP3857580B1 - Tôle électrique imprimée - Google Patents

Tôle électrique imprimée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3857580B1
EP3857580B1 EP19795103.1A EP19795103A EP3857580B1 EP 3857580 B1 EP3857580 B1 EP 3857580B1 EP 19795103 A EP19795103 A EP 19795103A EP 3857580 B1 EP3857580 B1 EP 3857580B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing paste
sintering
printing
electrical sheet
substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19795103.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3857580C0 (fr
EP3857580A1 (fr
Inventor
Carsten Schuh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3857580A1 publication Critical patent/EP3857580A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3857580C0 publication Critical patent/EP3857580C0/fr
Publication of EP3857580B1 publication Critical patent/EP3857580B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
    • H01F41/0233—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/02—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
    • H01F41/0246—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits by moulding or by pressing powder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/14—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
    • H01F41/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates the magnetic material being applied in the form of particles, e.g. by serigraphy, to form thick magnetic films or precursors therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an electrical sheet from a printing paste. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical sheet produced by means of the said method.
  • Electrical machines consist of windings arranged in different ways through which electric current flows.
  • the resulting magnetic flux is guided in a targeted manner in a magnetic circuit, which is also known as an iron core.
  • This core consists of materials that can conduct the magnetic flux well, for example layered electrical steel. The layering serves to prevent unwanted eddy currents.
  • Standard cores are made from punched individual sheets, which were previously insulated by paper layers glued to one side, and in more modern forms by chemically applied phosphating layers.
  • the sheet thickness for normal applications is often 0.5 mm.
  • thinner sheets with a thickness of 0.35 mm are used. Cut tape and toroidal cores are often wound from even thinner and also insulated tapes.
  • JP-S57-34750-A There is known a method for producing an electromagnetic core having a laminated structure, in which a slurry or paste containing silicon as a raw material is formed into a film and an insulating layer is formed on the surface of the film by insulating material slurry, the films are laminated in multiple layers, the laminated body is cut in a cross-sectional direction to form a core having a predetermined shape, and then the formed iron core is sintered.
  • US 4 255 494 A which refers to ferromagnetic powder metal cores made from layers of pressed and sintered metal powder, as well as to EN 10 2011 109129 A1 , which relates to a method for producing a rotor or a stator of an energy converter using a three-dimensional screen printing process using different screens and/or suspensions in individual layers that are to be formed one above the other.
  • the printing paste is usually applied to a carrier plate, which consists for example of Al 2 O 3. It is known to apply a scattering agent, for example an Al 2 O 3 powder, to the carrier plate before applying the printing paste in order to make it easier to separate the thermally treated printing paste from the carrier plate.
  • a scattering agent for example an Al 2 O 3 powder
  • the printing paste is printed directly onto the carrier plate prepared in this way using stencil or screen printing, dried and then further processed thermally. Such a process is described in the application with older right EP 3 616 809 A1 described.
  • a challenge with this process is to find a carrier plate and, if necessary, a scattering agent that has suitable properties both for stencil or screen printing and for the subsequent thermal treatment of the printing paste.
  • the aim of the present invention is to overcome this challenge.
  • the present invention does not attempt to design the carrier plate on which the printing paste is printed, dried and thermally treated in such a way that it has optimal properties for both the printing process and the thermal treatment. Instead, a completely different approach is proposed: after the printing paste has been printed and dried on the carrier plate, the dried printing paste is removed from it and transferred to another base. The thermal treatment of the printing paste then takes place on this separate base.
  • carrier plates There are therefore two “carrier plates”: a first carrier plate, which is referred to below as the “substrate” and on which the printing and drying process of the printing paste takes place, and a second carrier plate, which is referred to below as the “sintering base” and on which the thermal treatment of the dried printing paste is carried out.
  • surface properties of the substrate such as roughness, planarity (also referred to as planicity) and absorbency with respect to the organic components and the solvent of the printing paste, can be selected in such a way that a desired wetting, adhesion or contact angle of the printing paste relative to the substrate is achieved.
  • planarity also referred to as planicity
  • absorbency with respect to the organic components and the solvent of the printing paste
  • electrical sheet used in this patent application:
  • “electrical sheets” are not only referred to as rolled sheets as known from the state of the art, but also as shaped bodies that have been produced using printing techniques and that have the function and properties of conventional electrical sheets.
  • Screen- or stencil-printed electrical sheets can also be referred to as "material layers”; this term is to be seen as a synonym for "electrical sheets”.
  • electrical sheets are also referred to as “magnetic sheets” or, depending on the intended use, as dynamo or motor sheets or transformer sheets.
  • the printing process mentioned in step a) of the process includes in particular screen printing processes and stencil printing processes.
  • Screen printing is a printing process in which a printing paste is printed with a squeegee through a screen, e.g. a fine-mesh fabric, onto the material to be printed, in this case the substrate.
  • a printing paste is printed with a squeegee through a screen, e.g. a fine-mesh fabric, onto the material to be printed, in this case the substrate.
  • the mesh openings of the fabric are made impermeable by a stencil.
  • the fabric carries the stencil made of plastic, for the production of which the entire surface of the stretched fabric is coated with a photopolymer and exposed to the motif to be printed via a positive film.
  • the photopolymer hardens in the areas not to be printed, the unexposed material is washed out.
  • the printing paste only penetrates the fabric where it has been washed free.
  • the stencil itself When stencil printing without a supporting screen, the stencil itself must be sufficiently strong and is made of steel, for example, and stretched directly into the frame. However, the possible printed images are limited when using stencil printing.
  • the substrate on which the printing paste is printed can be self-supporting, e.g. in the form of a plate.
  • flexible substrates are also possible, such as films.
  • the printing paste is usually based on a metal powder.
  • Step b) of the process namely drying the printing paste, is carried out, for example, by means of a controlled, in particular tempered, gas flow to remove volatile substances.
  • Air or inert gas can preferably be used as a medium for this.
  • the solvents contained in the printing paste evaporate. In some cases, this may require an increase in the temperature of the printed paste.
  • chemical cross-linking reactions of any organic binders contained in the printing paste also take place. An important role is played by a temperature distribution in the printing paste that is as homogeneous as possible and a slow heating without the solvent forming bubbles.
  • the thickness of the printing layer is usually about 10% to 50% less than before step b).
  • the dried printing paste which is also referred to as green compact, green part or green body
  • a sintering base This can be done by detaching the green compact from the substrate or by detaching the substrate from the green compact (if the substrate is a film, for example) or by separating the two bodies from each other.
  • the separated green compact is then transported from the location of the substrate to the location where the thermal treatment takes place.
  • the latter can be a sintering furnace, for example.
  • the green compact is placed on a sintering base.
  • the substrate which is designed, for example, in the form of a plate or film, can have a separating layer and/or a separating agent/lubricant.
  • a separating layer can be a film made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; also known under the trade name Teflon from DuPont), polyethylene terephthalate (PET; e.g. Hostaphan ® films from Mitsubishi Polyester Film), silicone or metal.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • silicone or metal e.g. Hostaphan ® films from Mitsubishi Polyester Film
  • Anti-stick or adhesive agents, wetting promoters and similar substances can be used as separating agents/lubricants.
  • step d) of the process the green body is thermally treated.
  • the transferred, dried printing paste is heated.
  • the thermal treatment can generally be divided into two sub-steps. During the first sub-step, debinding, excess organic binders and additives that were contained in the printing paste and that the green compact still contains are broken down and escape essentially without residue. The resulting molded body is also referred to as a "brown compact".
  • the brown part is heated to a temperature below the melting temperature, preferably in the range of 80% - 90% of the melting temperature, at which the structure of the electrical sheet is compacted by closing the remaining pores.
  • a screen- or stencil-printed electrical sheet differs structurally from a rolled electrical sheet in that the material density of the printed electrical sheet is generally still significantly lower than that of the rolled electrical sheet.
  • the green body is advantageously heated to a temperature of maximum 80% - 90% of the melting temperature of the green body for a time between 120 and 900 minutes.
  • the thermally treated printing paste i.e. the finished electrical sheet
  • the sintering furnace can advantageously be immediately loaded with the next green compact, i.e. the next green compact can advantageously be immediately transferred to the freed sintering base.
  • a screen- or stencil-printed electrical sheet differs structurally from a rolled electrical sheet in that the material density of a printed electrical sheet is usually significantly lower than that of a rolled electrical sheet. Furthermore, there are usually also considerable differences in the microstructure, i.e. the structure of a printed electrical sheet compared to a rolled electrical sheet. Examples of this include the rolling texture and grain size in the electrical sheet.
  • the surface of the green body that is intended for contact with the sintering base is provided with a separating layer.
  • the surface of the sintering base that is intended for contact with the green body can also be provided with a Accordingly, both the green compact and the sintering base can be provided with a separating layer.
  • the separating layer advantageously contains, in particular consists of, a material that is chemically inert at the temperatures occurring during the thermal treatment.
  • Chemically inert is understood here to mean a material that does not react or only reacts to a negligible extent with potential reaction partners under the respective given conditions of the thermal treatment, for example in the sintering furnace.
  • the separating layer is present, for example, in the form of platelets, whiskers (needle-shaped single crystals with a diameter of a few micrometers and a length of several hundred micrometers to several millimeters, which grow out of galvanically or pyrolytically deposited metallic layers), fibers or a powder.
  • Materials that appear to be suitable for a separating layer are, for example, MgO, Y 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , BN (boron nitride), YAG, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, C (as graphite, carbon nanotubes or another carbon modification) or a combination thereof.
  • Other high-melting refractory materials also represent a promising choice for a separating layer.
  • the sintering base on which the green body is located during the thermal treatment also advantageously contains, in particular consists of, a material that is chemically inert at the temperatures occurring during the thermal treatment.
  • suitable materials include Si 3 N 4 , SiC, porous Al 2 O 3 , porous MgO, mullite, a fiber-reinforced composite or a combination thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle électrique à partir d'une pâte d'impression comprenant les stades suivants :
    a) dépôt d'une pâte d'impression sur un substrat au moyen d'un procédé au pochoir ou de sérigraphie,
    b) séchage de la pâte d'impression se trouvant sur le substrat,
    c) transfert de la pâte d'impression séchée du substrat à un support de frittage, dans lequel avant le stade c) on met sur la surface de la pâte d'impression séchée, qui est prévue pour le contact avec le support de frittage, une couche de séparation pour faciliter la séparation de la pâte d'impression traitée thermiquement du support de frittage,
    d) traitement thermique de la pâte d'impression se trouvant sur le support de frittage, et
    e) séparation de la pâte d'impression traitée thermiquement du support de frittage.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1,
    dans lequel avant le stade c) on met sur la surface du support de frittage, qui est prévue pour le contact avec la pâte d'impression séchée, une couche de séparation pour faciliter la séparation de la pâte d'impression traitée thermiquement du support de frittage.
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    dans lequel la couche de séparation contient une matière, qui est inerte chimiquement aux températures se produisant pendant le traitement thermique.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    dans lequel la couche de séparation contient une matière, qui se présente sous la forme de plaquettes, de barbes, de fibres ou d'une poudre.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    dans lequel la couche de séparation contient une matière choisie parmi du MgO, de l'Y2O3, de l'A12O3, du BN, de l'YAG, du Si3N4, du SiC, du C ou leurs combinaisons.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le support de frittage contient une matière, qui est inerte chimiquement aux températures se produisant pendant le traitement thermique.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le support de frittage contient une matière choisie parmi du Si3N4, du SiC, de l'A12O3 poreuse, du MgO poreux, de la mullite, un composite renforcé par de la fibre ou leurs combinaisons.
  8. Tôle électrique d'une machine électrique tournante de transformation d'énergie, dans laquelle la tôle électrique a été fabriquée par un procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes.
  9. Tôle électrique d'un transformateur de transformation d'une tension alternative d'entrée en une tension alternative de sortie, qui a été fabriquée par un procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7.
EP19795103.1A 2018-11-16 2019-10-15 Tôle électrique imprimée Active EP3857580B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18206780.1A EP3654356A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Tôle électrique imprimée
PCT/EP2019/077887 WO2020099052A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2019-10-15 Tôle magnétique imprimée

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3857580A1 EP3857580A1 (fr) 2021-08-04
EP3857580C0 EP3857580C0 (fr) 2024-08-07
EP3857580B1 true EP3857580B1 (fr) 2024-08-07

Family

ID=64331939

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18206780.1A Withdrawn EP3654356A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Tôle électrique imprimée
EP19795103.1A Active EP3857580B1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2019-10-15 Tôle électrique imprimée

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18206780.1A Withdrawn EP3654356A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Tôle électrique imprimée

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20220013284A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP3654356A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113056802B (fr)
ES (1) ES2990171T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020099052A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4082693A1 (fr) * 2021-04-28 2022-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une structure en trois dimensions
EP4086928A1 (fr) * 2021-05-05 2022-11-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une structure planaire et dispositif
DE102022119376A1 (de) 2021-08-06 2023-02-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Elektroblech für eine elektrische Maschine sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Elektroblechs
EP4257268A1 (fr) * 2022-04-08 2023-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle aimantée symétrique en rotation, tôle aimantée, paquet de tôles et machine électrique
EP4424439A1 (fr) * 2023-02-28 2024-09-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'un paquet de tôles pour une machine électrique
EP4541487A1 (fr) * 2023-10-19 2025-04-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle magnétique, bande de support, paquet de tôles pour une machine électrique et machine électrique
DE102023129770A1 (de) 2023-10-27 2025-04-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Rotorblech für eine elektrischen Maschine, elektrische Maschine, Fahrzeug und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rotorblechen
DE102024208966A1 (de) 2024-09-19 2026-03-19 Siemens Mobility GmbH Rotoreinzelblech sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, Rotor mit einem solchen Rotoreinzelblech, Antrieb mit einem solchen Rotor, und Schienenfahrzeug mit einem solchen Antrieb

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3616809A1 (fr) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'outil de frittage, dispositif de frittage et procédé de fabrication d'une machine électrique

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US4255494A (en) * 1979-04-25 1981-03-10 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation Sintered ferromagnetic powder metal parts for alternating current applications
JPS5734750A (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-25 Fujitsu Ltd Manufacture of electromagnetic core
CN103562418B (zh) * 2011-06-13 2015-05-06 新日铁住金株式会社 单向性电磁钢板的制造方法
DE102011109129A1 (de) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektrischer Energiewandler und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
KR101751526B1 (ko) * 2015-12-21 2017-06-27 주식회사 포스코 방향성 전기강판의 제조방법
US10343214B2 (en) * 2017-02-17 2019-07-09 General Electric Company Method for channel formation in binder jet printing
CN107900356A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-04-13 中南大学 一种粉末流延成型与高温扩散烧结制备高硅钢带材的方法

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EP3616809A1 (fr) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'outil de frittage, dispositif de frittage et procédé de fabrication d'une machine électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3857580C0 (fr) 2024-08-07
US20220013284A1 (en) 2022-01-13
EP3654356A1 (fr) 2020-05-20
ES2990171T3 (es) 2024-11-29
CN113056802A (zh) 2021-06-29
EP3857580A1 (fr) 2021-08-04
WO2020099052A1 (fr) 2020-05-22
CN113056802B (zh) 2023-08-11

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