EP3860954A1 - Verwendung von eisenoxid-partikeln in abwaessern zur eliminierung von kontaminationen - Google Patents
Verwendung von eisenoxid-partikeln in abwaessern zur eliminierung von kontaminationenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3860954A1 EP3860954A1 EP19831976.6A EP19831976A EP3860954A1 EP 3860954 A1 EP3860954 A1 EP 3860954A1 EP 19831976 A EP19831976 A EP 19831976A EP 3860954 A1 EP3860954 A1 EP 3860954A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- iron oxide
- oxide particles
- particles
- heavy metals
- cyanides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAVJNPDLSKEXSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe(CN)2 Chemical class N#C[Fe]C#N NAVJNPDLSKEXSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000613 environmental toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000636 lethal dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001483 mobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0225—Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
- B01J20/0229—Compounds of Fe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3028—Granulating, agglomerating or aggregating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3268—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/3272—Polymers obtained by reactions otherwise than involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/18—Cyanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/08—Nanoparticles or nanotubes
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of iron oxide particles in waste water for the elimination of heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds, colloidal iron oxide particles suspended in waste water adsorbing the heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds tie.
- the particles are subsequently agglomerated and precipitated with or without the aid of flocculants.
- the process for adsorbing contaminants and the process of flocculation for removing heavy metals and cyanides from industrial and mining waters are already known.
- iron chloride and polyacrylamide for example, are added to the wastewater in order to achieve good flocculation and to remove the adsorbed or bound impurities from the wastewater. It is important that the heavy metals and / or cyanides adsorbed or bound to the adsorber substances are easier to separate later, so that the adsorber substances sediment well.
- the adsorber substances known in the prior art are generally organic chemicals which function, for example, as ion exchangers.
- Activated carbon is also used as the adsorbent substance, but it has the disadvantage of a long contact time, which is necessary so that the pollutants can diffuse into the interior of the pore.
- wastewater treatment plants use large amounts of activated carbon in appropriately sized treatment tanks.
- flocculants to increase the pore sizes such as iron chloride and polyacrylamide, creates a relatively large volume of sludge, which has to be reprocessed, for example, by drying, and the substances used can only be removed with high energy input and cannot be regenerated.
- DE 100 35 432 A1 is known from the prior art, in which a lime-clay suspension for liquid manure processing and soil improvement is described. However, adsorption of heavy details or cyanides on the suspended Kaik clay components is not mentioned in the document.
- DE 102 10 786 A1 is known as prior art, in which a mixture of granules is described as adsorber materials for contaminated zones, in which heavy metals or cyanides can be adsorbed on iron oxides. Coating the granules with humic substances is not mentioned in the publication.
- DE 10 2015 221 206 A1 describes a composition, in particular for immobilizing metal ions such as heavy metals from waste water, comprising at least one iron hydroxide and at least one porous carrier material such as, for example, granules. Adsorption of cyanides and entry of a suspension with subsequent agglomeration is not disclosed in the document.
- DE 10 2018 103 952 A1 describes the use of humic oxide-coated iron oxides as agglomeration
- the object of the present invention is therefore a method of generating contamination-free waste water, contaminations such as heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or fluorinated alkyl compounds being removed from the waste water up to the discharge limit and the contamination in the waste water being adsorbed or bound by the iron oxide particles.
- Particles of iron oxide can have nanocrystalline constituents which enable heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or fluorinated alkyl compounds to be adsorbed or bound to the particles used.
- iron oxide particles are introduced into areas of contaminated wastewater to which solutions of alkaline earth metal salts of variable concentration are added.
- the aggregation of the iron oxide particles following the entry of the particles and the addition of the alkaline earth metal salt solutions can be used as a fixed component for the adsorption or binding of heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds.
- alkaline earth metal solutions are added in such a way that, after the iron oxide particles have been added, the alkaline earth metal solutions are gradually added and a pH value is set which prevents the particles from aggregating and adsorbing or binding contaminants such as heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds on the particles.
- the pH is adjusted in a range from 6.0 to 9.0.
- a concentration variable ie 5 to 10 times the amount of a solution containing alkaline earth metal, in particular a solution containing calcium or magnesium ions, is added to the iron oxide particles.
- heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds can be adsorbed or bound to the particles, and the particles can then agglomerate and precipitate.
- nano-goehtitle particles are used as iron oxide particles.
- nano-goethite coated with humic acid is used as an adsorbent or binding partner for the contamination of waste water, the hydrodynamic diameter of which can be in a range of 100-500 nm.
- the particles are stable in monovalent ion solutions due to an adsorbed layer of humic acids. Particle aggregation occurs quickly when calcium or magnesium is present. The reason for this is the onset of complexation, which takes place on the surface due to the interaction of divalent cations with the particle coated with humic acid. Above a limit dose of divalent cations, the particles and adsorption aggregate Heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds can be bound or bonded promptly to the surface of the particles.
- Heavy metals and / or cyanides and / or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds include.
- heavy metals are to be understood as elements which have a density> 5 g / cm 3 .
- heavy details occur in natural material cycles.
- trace elements and trace nutrients can also have a pollutant character.
- Heavy metals are also used by numerous branches of industry. In contaminated sites, heavy metals occur primarily in mining waste, in smelting works, foundries, metal processing companies with electroplating, and as enrichments in combustion residues (slags). Heavy metals are also contained in commercial and household waste. Heavy metals are of particular importance in environmental toxicology. Even at relatively low concentrations, they are harmful to human and animal organisms and accumulate through the food chain.
- the ubiquitous exposure rate often exceeds the limit of the resilience.
- Even essential heavy metals are toxic in higher concentrations or can, such as. As copper, damage plant growth even in relatively low concentrations. Heavy metals are persistent and accumulate in the soil, so that convection, dispersion or diffusion in the soil should be prevented at a disproportionately high concentration. Heavy metals must also be removed from industrial wastewater, since industrial wastewater is often reused and must not contain any disruptive substances.
- the heavy metal compounds are adsorbed or bound to the iron oxide particles, which subsequently agglomerate. The binding preferably takes place on the hydroxylated surfaces of the iron oxide.
- Hydroxo complexes (MOH + ) of the heavy metals are therefore preferably adsorbed. According to the hydrolysis constant, the specific adsorption of the heavy metals increases in the following order: Cd ⁇ Ni ⁇ Co ⁇ Zn «Cu ⁇ Pb « Hg
- the adsorbed pollutants can be mobilized again by changing the physico-chemical environment. However, whether a mobilizing effect occurs depends essentially on the structure of the iron oxides and the organic substance.
- the water solubility of the generally weakly polar complexing agent is based on the dissociation of acidic functional groups, which increases with the pH.
- Heavy metal humates are generally poorly soluble and can only be mobilized at higher pH values, so that the use of the agglomerated goethite particles coated with humic acid are particularly suitable for adsorbing or binding heavy metals.
- the agglomerated particles should also be used to adsorb or bind cyanides from the waste water.
- cyanides are known in emissions from waste water or exhaust gases from coking plants, gas plants, mineral oil refineries, hardening plants and electroplating companies.
- the environmental behavior of the cyanides is characterized above all by high mobility due to their high water solubility and high toxicity to biosystems.
- the free cyanide ion (CN) is characterized by a high water solubility and a low adsorbability.
- the cyanide ion is the strongest poison in inorganic chemistry based on its lethal dose. It is therefore provided according to the invention that the property of the cyanide ions is to be used, that they are complexes stable with heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn and Cd) form less water solubility and toxicity.
- heavy metals Fe, Cu, Zn and Cd
- the agglomerated particles are intended to adsorb or bind polyfluorinated alkyl compounds, polyfluorinated alkyl compounds in particular meaning per- and polyfluorinated alkyl compounds (PFAS).
- Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl compounds also include polyfluorinated alkyl surfactants, such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), which in the prior art have only been able to be separated from the waste water as contamination with the addition of activated carbon and which require time-consuming and costly processing.
- PFOS perfluorooctane sulfonate
- FIG. 1 shows schematically that when mixed and after the addition of goethite particles 2, alkaline earth metal salt solutions 3 and / or flocculants 4 to the wastewater 1, the particles 2 are aggregated, with contaminants in the wastewater 1, for example heavy metals 5 and / or adsorb or bind cyanides 6 and / or polyfluorinated alkyl compounds 8 to the particles 2 (5, 6, 8). It is also possible without a flocculant 4
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018130744.6A DE102018130744A1 (de) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Verwendung von Eisenoxid-Partikeln in Abwässern zur Eliminierung von Kontaminationen |
| PCT/DE2019/101032 WO2020114556A1 (de) | 2018-12-03 | 2019-12-02 | Verwendung von eisenoxid-partikeln in abwaessern zur eliminierung von kontaminationen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3860954A1 true EP3860954A1 (de) | 2021-08-11 |
Family
ID=69105665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19831976.6A Withdrawn EP3860954A1 (de) | 2018-12-03 | 2019-12-02 | Verwendung von eisenoxid-partikeln in abwaessern zur eliminierung von kontaminationen |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3860954A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018130744A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020114556A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111875024B (zh) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-07-15 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | 一种含铜废水与含氰废水混合的除铁除氰方法 |
| CN112263986A (zh) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-26 | 华南理工大学 | 一种负载表面活性剂的针铁矿材料及其制备方法 |
| US12410071B1 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2025-09-09 | Wm Intellectual Property Holdings, L.L.C. | System and method for removal of PFAS and other emerging contaminant micro-constituents from landfill leachate and other impacted liquids |
| BE1028844B1 (fr) | 2020-12-02 | 2022-07-04 | Haemers Tech Societe Anonyme | Combinaison de techniques de dépollution: Désorption thermique In Situ et Immobilisation |
| DE102022112174A1 (de) | 2022-05-16 | 2023-11-16 | Mecana Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Verwendung eines Adsorbens und Dosiereinheit aus Adsorbens für diese Verwendung |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10035432A1 (de) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-01-31 | Kalksteinwerk Vilshofen Gmbh | Kalk-Ton-Suspension |
| DE10210786A1 (de) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-10-02 | Bayer Ag | Mischungen aus Adsorbermaterialien |
| DE102015221206A1 (de) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-04 | Fränkische Rohrwerke Gebr. Kirchner Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zusammensetzung zur Immobilisierung von Metallionen |
| DE102018103952A1 (de) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-22 | Universität Duisburg-Essen | Nano-Goethit als Agglomerisations- und Dekontaminationspartikel |
-
2018
- 2018-12-03 DE DE102018130744.6A patent/DE102018130744A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-12-02 WO PCT/DE2019/101032 patent/WO2020114556A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-12-02 EP EP19831976.6A patent/EP3860954A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102018130744A1 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
| WO2020114556A1 (de) | 2020-06-11 |
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