EP3863009A1 - Instrument à cordes pourvu d'amortisseur à cordes multiples - Google Patents

Instrument à cordes pourvu d'amortisseur à cordes multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3863009A1
EP3863009A1 EP20155932.5A EP20155932A EP3863009A1 EP 3863009 A1 EP3863009 A1 EP 3863009A1 EP 20155932 A EP20155932 A EP 20155932A EP 3863009 A1 EP3863009 A1 EP 3863009A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
string
strings
damper
instrument
multiple string
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20155932.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hakan Ildan
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP20155932.5A priority Critical patent/EP3863009A1/fr
Publication of EP3863009A1 publication Critical patent/EP3863009A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
    • G10C3/00—Details or accessories
    • G10C3/26—Pedals or pedal mechanisms; Manually operated sound modification means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/046—Mutes; Mute holders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stringed instrument for playing pieces of music comprising a multiple string damper, a method for producing the stringed instrument and its use.
  • String instruments have been known for thousands of years.
  • the strings are stimulated directly by hand, such as with the guitar or harp, with a bow, such as with the violin, or with keys or small mallets, also called clappers, such as with the piano or dulcimer.
  • the vibrations of the excited strings are transmitted to the resonance body of the stringed instrument, which amplifies the sound.
  • the strings In order to get different tones with the same instrument, the strings have different diameters.
  • the choice of material for the strings also influences the sound of the stringed instruments.
  • the tone is determined by the length of the vibrating string.
  • this length is determined by the distance between the bridge, which is arranged in the region of the resonance body, from the saddle, which the fingerboard from the head, respectively.
  • the pegbox of the instrument separates, determined.
  • the strings are pressed onto the fingerboard with a finger at different distances from the saddle, which shortens the length of the vibrating strings, which results in a higher pitched tone.
  • stringed instruments which for example only have 4 (violin) or 6 (guitar) strings, a large number of different tones - and thus complex pieces of music - can be played.
  • a separate capo can also be used to shorten the length of the vibrating string for guitars, lutes, mandolins or banjo, for example.
  • the capo is stretched between two frets on the neck of the instrument and the strings are pressed onto the fingerboard. This increases the pitch, and thus the frequency, of all strings evenly. However, a change in timbre with the same frequency cannot be obtained.
  • the DE 10 2015 121 087 B3 describes a chord zither with a damper.
  • the damping device has at least one damping element which is arranged on at least one movably mounted section of the bar facing the strings.
  • the bar serves as a storage area for the heel of the hand of a player.
  • the damping element of the bar - downwards the strings are dampened to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the force required. In this way, the fingers can still be used to play the chord zither.
  • this method cannot be used with stringed instruments with a bridge, such as the guitar or violin, or with stringed percussion instruments.
  • the WO-A-2016057460 discloses an accessory for changing the timbre of a stringed instrument comprising a body having a vertical opening and a horizontal slot formed in the bottom surface from an edge into the vertical opening; an adjustment rod within the horizontal slot; and a damper in the vertical opening associated with at least one string of the stringed instrument to which the accessory is attached.
  • the damper moves upwards, applying pressure to the string.
  • the damper is moved downwards and the pressure on the string is reduced.
  • the correct positioning of the setting rods requires a certain fine motor skills of the fingers and therefore requires a considerable amount of time. During this time you have to String play are interrupted, which is disadvantageous.
  • the proposed damper not only changes the timbre, but also the frequency of the tone.
  • the US-A-2007209496 describes a string damper for a stringed instrument comprising an elongated block of vibration absorbing material with a plurality of slots.
  • the string damper is independent of the stringed instrument and is not attached to it either.
  • the slots of the string damper are arranged along the lower surface of the block and spaced parallel to one another.
  • the string damper is placed over the strings by hand so that the strings are essentially enclosed on all sides. This dampens the vibrations of the strings.
  • the damping obtained is limited and often does not provide the desired effect.
  • the string play must also be interrupted in order to attach the string damper to the strings and remove it again.
  • Another possibility for changing tones in stringed instruments - especially multi-stringed stringed instruments - can be achieved by the musician pressing on several strings with his hand or arm.
  • the pressure on the strings is less than when the string is pressed onto the fingerboard with a finger.
  • the string is not pinched between the finger and the fingerboard, but is only pressed slightly from above, i.e. from the side facing away from the resonance body, towards the resonance body, whereby the sound and / or the frequency range of the music being played is changed and new types of tones are obtained .
  • the sound and / or frequency range is only slightly changed, since the length of the vibrating string usually does not change or changes only slightly.
  • the musician loses a hand resp. an arm for playing strings, which significantly limits its playing possibilities.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device with which conventional string instruments such as guitar or piano can be equipped and with which the timbre, but not or only insignificantly the frequency range, of the music being played can be changed reversibly and in a simple manner, without the musician being restricted when playing the strings. It is also important that the musician can operate the device in such a way that he can continue playing the strings without interruption.
  • the multiple string damper (6) can be actuated, ie pressed, for example by hand or foot, and optionally locked by means of the latching device without the musician having to interrupt the string playing. As a result, he can change the timbre of the played during the game and without interruption Music - but not or only insignificantly the length of the vibrating string and thus its frequency - change. Thanks to the multiple string damper (6), the musician can then play music with both hands as before. He doesn't need a hand or the ball of his hand to change the timbre of the music being played.
  • timbre i.e. the sound, which is typically described by a dull, non-reverberant tone
  • the resulting change in timbre can be achieved by the musician with the same string instrument without multiple string mutes (6) and without using a hand or arm to dampen the strings ( 2) not received.
  • timbre also called timbre
  • the timbre is understood to be a parameter of a single note in music.
  • the timbre is determined by its sound spectrum, i.e. by the specific mixture of fundamental tone, overtones, noise components and the temporal course of this spectrum, as well as the volume and other parameters.
  • strings (2) of the stringed instrument (1) according to the invention are typically known, commercially available strings that are suitable for the respective stringed instrument (1). Suitable strings (2) are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the stringed instrument (1) represents a few-stringed stringed instrument comprising 3 to 12 strings (2) or a multi-stringed stringed instrument with more than 12 strings (2), in particular with at least 50 strings (2), the multi-stringed and possibly the stringed instrument with few strings comprises an actuating mechanism (8) for actuating the multiple string damper (6).
  • Non-limiting examples of low-stringed string instruments (1) include plucked instruments such as guitar, mandolin, baglama and ukulele, as well as stringed instruments such as violin, fiddle and viola.
  • Non-limiting examples of multi-stringed string instruments include keyboard stringed percussion instruments such as a piano and grand piano, and clapper stringed percussion instruments such as dulcimer.
  • the actuating mechanism (8) is advantageously connected to the latching device of the stringed instrument (1) in order to fix the multiple string damper (6) in the area of the strings in such a way that the multiple string damper (6) permanently exerts pressure on the strings (2) exercises without having to operate the multiple string damper (6).
  • the actuation mechanism (8) comprises at least one actuation means such as a foot pedal, push button, switch and / or button.
  • the actuation mechanism (8) comprises one or more linkages which connect the multiple string damper (6) or a plurality of multiple string dampers to the actuation means. If the at least one actuating means - and thus the actuating mechanism (8) - is actuated, the musician, ie the player, typically with one hand and / or one foot press the multiple string damper (s) (6) onto the strings and thus achieve the desired change in timbre.
  • the term multiple string damper (6) - also referred to simply as a mechanism - can also include a suitable actuation mechanism (8).
  • the person skilled in the art can provide a suitable actuation mechanism (8) for the respective instrument - in particular with suitable actuation means and rods - and attach it to the most suitable location for the respective instrument without changing the sound of the instrument.
  • the skilled person can orientate himself, for example, on the mechanics of the piano or grand piano pedals and how they work.
  • the optional actuation mechanism (8) is preferably attached to one side of the resonance body (5) so that it can be conveniently actuated with one hand, an arm or elbow or a knee.
  • suitable materials for the actuation mechanism (8) for example metal such as steel or aluminum, wood and / or plastic.
  • the first and second string attachments (3, 4) of the stringed instrument (1) are typically conventional and known string attachments on the stringed instrument (1).
  • the first string attachment (3) on the violin is called the tailpiece and on the piano and grand piano the string attachment.
  • the first string attachment (3) is next to or even part of the bridge.
  • the second string attachment (4) is called a peg on the guitar and the violin and a string attachment on the piano and grand piano. Suitable first and second string attachments (3, 4) are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the resonance body (5) of the stringed instrument (1) according to the invention is typically a conventional one for the respective stringed instrument specific sound box. Suitable resonance bodies (5) are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • all of the strings (2) of the stringed instrument (1) can be pressed with the at least one multiple string damper (6).
  • the multiple string damper (6) is firmly connected to the stringed instrument (1), i.e. the multiple string damper (6) is attached to the stringed instrument (1).
  • the multiple string damper (6) only touches the strings (2) from one side.
  • the strings (2) are not encompassed by the multiple side damper (6) when the multiple side damper (6) is pressed onto the strings (2). This allows simple, reversible removal of the multiple side damper (6) while the strings are being played.
  • the stringed instrument (1) has a few strings (2), for example up to 12 strings, the stringed instrument (1) preferably comprises a multiple string damper (6). If the stringed instrument (1) has more than 12 strings (2), in particular more than 50 strings (2) - for example in the case of a piano or grand piano, it is advantageous if the stringed instrument (1) comprises several multiple string dampers (6) . It is up to the manufacturer of such stringed instruments (1) whether he wants to install one or more multiple string dampers (6). A person skilled in the art can make a suitable selection.
  • the stringed instrument (1) comprises more than one multiple string damper (6), it is often advantageous if the multiple string damper (6) can be operated independently of one another.
  • the multiple string damper (6) typically has a parallelepiped shape, possibly curved, which is pressed onto the strings (2).
  • the surface pressing on the strings (3) is very particularly preferably planar and has no profile.
  • the length of the cuboid is typically dependent on the number of strings (2) and their extension. It also plays a role whether only one or more multiple string dampers (6) are used.
  • the width of the cuboid, ie the side which is arranged parallel to the strings (2), can be from 2 mm to approx mm to 2 cm, in particular 2 mm to 1.5 cm. In the case of multi-string instruments, i.e.
  • the width of the cuboid can typically be from 5 mm to 20 cm, in particular from 1 cm to 10 cm.
  • the height of the cuboid i.e. the extent that leads away from the sound box, is typically 5 mm to approx. 5 cm.
  • the person skilled in the art can make the appropriate selection for each stringed instrument (1) and its geometry.
  • the multiple string damper (6) is attached at a distance from the first string attachment (3) of at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, in particular at most 3%, of the distance between the first and second string attachment (3, 4). To calculate the distance between the multiple string damper (6) and the first string attachment (3), the center of the width of the multiple string damper (6) is used the strings (2) is arranged.
  • the multiple string damper (6) is attached to the resonance body (5) and / or to the frame (7) of the stringed instrument (1).
  • the multiple string damper (6) is equipped with a latching device with which the multiple string damper (6) is reversible and simultaneously to at least 10%, preferably to at least 25%, in particular to at least 50% of all Strings (2), but on at least two strings (2), can be pressed and reversibly locked in such a way that the multiple string damper (6) presses on the strings (2) as long as it remains locked.
  • the latching device allows the time-limited and reversible fixing of the multiple string damper (6) on the strings (2). This leaves your hands and / or feet free to make music.
  • the latching device is arranged in or on the multiple string damper (6) or - for example via a linkage - connected to the multiple string damper (6). If the latching device is arranged in or on the multiple string damper (6), it can be attached, for example, in the form of notches in the string area of the multiple string damper (6), as in FIG Fig. 2 explained in more detail. Alternatively, the latching device can be attached at another location on the resonance body (5) and / or on the frame (7) of the stringed instrument (1) and typically connected to the multiple string damper (6) via a linkage. Such a non-limiting arrangement for a wing is shown in FIG FIG 4 described. The person skilled in the art knows suitable locking devices and can select the most optimal locking device for the respective instrument.
  • the latching device is advantageously connected to the actuating mechanism (8).
  • the multiple string damper (6) of the stringed instrument (1) according to the invention can be based on one or more materials. It is essential to the invention that at least that side of the multiple string damper (6) which is pressed onto the strings (2) is made of a material (6a) with a Shore A hardness of at most 80 Shore, in particular of at most 60 Shore, measured according to DIN 53505 (2012).
  • the entire multiple string damper (6) can thus also consist of such a material (6a). If the material (6a) is only used in thin layers are used, several layers of the material (6a) can be superimposed to determine the Shore A hardness according to DIN 53505 (2012).
  • the multiple string damper (6) can consist of a hard material, for example metal, hard plastic or wood, which is coated with a softer material (6a) with a suitable Shore A hardness.
  • the thickness of the material (6a) is preferably at least 0.5 mm, in particular at least 1 mm, in particular at least 2 mm.
  • the entire multiple string damper (6) consists of one or more materials (6a) with a suitable Shore A hardness.
  • the material (6a) for multiple string dampers (6) is based on cork, plastic, plastic, fabric, fleece, felt, leather, paper, cardboard and / or wool and / or the multiple string damper (6) is attached to the resonance body (5) and / or to the frame (7) of the stringed instrument (1).
  • This material (6a) can also merely represent the coating of the multiple string damper (6), which is pressed onto the strings (2).
  • the multiple string damper (6) of the stringed instrument (1) is preferably applied vertically to align the strings and by hand and / or by means of an actuating mechanism (8), in particular via at least one foot pedal, push button, switch and / or button, on the strings ( 2) pressed and locked by means of a latching device, the multiple string damper (6) advantageously being attached to the resonance body (5) and / or via a device, for example a linkage, to the frame (7) of the stringed instrument (1).
  • the multiple string damper (6) is not attached to a fingerboard, so that after the locking of the multiple string damper (6), for example, the hands and / or feet are free.
  • the bridge or bridges (9) of the stringed instrument (1) according to the invention are conventional and known bridges.
  • the bridge (9) near the first string attachment (3) is also called a push rod, capo or front string border.
  • the bridge of the wing near the second string attachment (4) is also called the bridge.
  • Suitable webs (9) are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the at least one multiple string damper (6) is preferably arranged so that it presses on the strings (2) from one or from two opposite sides, the pressure typically in the direction of the resonance body (5) and / or from the resonance body (5 ) away. This gives the desired change in timbre. It is advantageous that the multiple string damper (6) - when it is pressed onto the strings (2) - does not surround the strings (2), but only presses them from one side.
  • the at least one multiple string damper (6) is designed in such a way that it hits the respective strings (2) presses.
  • the at least one multiple string damper (6) preferably exerts a pressure of 10 mN / mm 2 , preferably of at least 50 mN / mm 2 , in particular, on each individual string (2) when it presses on the at least one string (2) of at least 0.2 N / mm 2 , which leads to a dull, soft timbre.
  • the at least one multiple string damper (6) when it presses on the strings (2), advantageously exerts a pressure of at most 100 N / mm 2 , preferably of at most 25 N / mm 2 , in particular of at most 5 N / mm 2 . These pressures can change the timbre more than if a damper simply surrounds the strings.
  • the multiple string damper (6) can be operated independently of one another and preferably by means of an operating mechanism (8). This allows a greater variety of timbres. For example, only the higher tones can be muted, but not the lower ones.
  • the width of the multiple string damper (s) (6) measured in the direction of the extension of the strings, is at most 30%, in particular at most 20%, of the distance between the multiple string damper (6) first string attachment (3), the center of the width of the multiple string damper (6) being used to calculate the distance between the multiple string damper (6) and the first string damper (3), the width of the multiple string damper (6) being below the width of the multiple string damper (6) Extension is understood, which is arranged parallel to the strings (2).
  • multiple string damper (6) it can preferably be reversibly pressed onto the strings (2) by hand and / or via at least one foot pedal, push button, switch and / or button and, if necessary, locked. Suitable locking mechanisms are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the multiple string damper (s) (6) is or are pressed onto the strings (2) via at least one foot pedal, push button, switch and / or button, if necessary locked and released again.
  • a suitable mechanism for operating a multiple string damper (6) via a foot pedal, a push button, a switch and / or a button is known to the person skilled in the art. It can be made of metal, wood and / or plastic, for example.
  • the multiple string damper (6) is attached to the stringed instrument (1), ie preferably to the resonance body (5) and / or frame (7) preferably by means of gluing, screws and / or clamps. Such types of attachment are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the multiple string damper (6) is preferably attached to the resonance body (5) and / or to the frame (7) of the stringed instrument (1) and / or reversibly by hand and / or by means of an actuating mechanism (8), in particular via at least a foot pedal, push button, switch and / or button, pressed onto the strings (2) and, if necessary, locked by means of a locking device.
  • the stringed instrument (1) according to the invention and manufactured according to the invention with multiple string damper (6) is used to generate sounds, whereby by pressing the multiple string damper (s) (6) on the strings (2) a further change in the timbre and without significant change the frequency range of the played music is achieved, which otherwise can not be obtained with the same stringed instrument (1) without multiple string damper (6), and thus without using the multiple string damper (6).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP20155932.5A 2020-02-06 2020-02-06 Instrument à cordes pourvu d'amortisseur à cordes multiples Withdrawn EP3863009A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20155932.5A EP3863009A1 (fr) 2020-02-06 2020-02-06 Instrument à cordes pourvu d'amortisseur à cordes multiples

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20155932.5A EP3863009A1 (fr) 2020-02-06 2020-02-06 Instrument à cordes pourvu d'amortisseur à cordes multiples

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EP3863009A1 true EP3863009A1 (fr) 2021-08-11

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EP20155932.5A Withdrawn EP3863009A1 (fr) 2020-02-06 2020-02-06 Instrument à cordes pourvu d'amortisseur à cordes multiples

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115798435A (zh) * 2022-12-24 2023-03-14 北京乐界乐科技有限公司 一种古筝用便于调节的琴弦固定装置

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3134288A (en) * 1962-02-14 1964-05-26 Fred Gretsch Mfg Co Muting device for stringed musical instruments
US3427916A (en) * 1966-06-02 1969-02-18 Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc Guitar and adjustable mute therefor
US3956962A (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-05-18 Cbs Inc. Guitar and adjustable mute therefor
GB1508191A (en) * 1976-05-18 1978-04-19 Emmons D Stringed musical instruments
US5052259A (en) * 1990-05-17 1991-10-01 Orthey Jr George F Chorded zither
US20070209496A1 (en) 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 Marco Antonio Lenzi Musical instrument string damper
US20100288109A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2010-11-18 Jan Van Kelst Stringed instrument
WO2013077894A1 (fr) * 2011-11-22 2013-05-30 Peter Stromberg Dispositif d'amortissement de vibration et accessoire déformable de chambre fermée pour un dispositif d'amortissement de vibration
WO2016057460A1 (fr) 2014-10-08 2016-04-14 Jonathan Langberg Accessoire rapporté pour modifier le timbre d'un instrument à cordes
DE102015121087B3 (de) 2015-12-03 2016-10-13 Karoline Marko Akkordzither mit einer Dämpfungseinrichtung
US20180204544A1 (en) * 2017-01-18 2018-07-19 Ofer Webman Apparatus and method for muting strings

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3134288A (en) * 1962-02-14 1964-05-26 Fred Gretsch Mfg Co Muting device for stringed musical instruments
US3427916A (en) * 1966-06-02 1969-02-18 Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc Guitar and adjustable mute therefor
US3956962A (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-05-18 Cbs Inc. Guitar and adjustable mute therefor
GB1508191A (en) * 1976-05-18 1978-04-19 Emmons D Stringed musical instruments
US5052259A (en) * 1990-05-17 1991-10-01 Orthey Jr George F Chorded zither
US20100288109A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2010-11-18 Jan Van Kelst Stringed instrument
US20070209496A1 (en) 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 Marco Antonio Lenzi Musical instrument string damper
WO2013077894A1 (fr) * 2011-11-22 2013-05-30 Peter Stromberg Dispositif d'amortissement de vibration et accessoire déformable de chambre fermée pour un dispositif d'amortissement de vibration
WO2016057460A1 (fr) 2014-10-08 2016-04-14 Jonathan Langberg Accessoire rapporté pour modifier le timbre d'un instrument à cordes
DE102015121087B3 (de) 2015-12-03 2016-10-13 Karoline Marko Akkordzither mit einer Dämpfungseinrichtung
US20180204544A1 (en) * 2017-01-18 2018-07-19 Ofer Webman Apparatus and method for muting strings

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115798435A (zh) * 2022-12-24 2023-03-14 北京乐界乐科技有限公司 一种古筝用便于调节的琴弦固定装置
CN115798435B (zh) * 2022-12-24 2025-11-14 乐合数据信息科技江苏有限公司 一种古筝用便于调节的琴弦固定装置

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