Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
  • C10M129/68—Esters
  • C10M129/70—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
  • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
  • C10M105/32—Esters
  • C10M105/34—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
  • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/024—Propene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
  • C10M2207/2815—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
  • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/011—Cloud point
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/069—Linear chain compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of lubricating compositions, more particularly the field of lubricating compositions for transmissions in motor vehicles, for example gearboxes or axles. It relates more particularly to the use of new compounds of monoester type in lubricating compositions for transmissions in order to improve their “Fuel-Eco” properties, namely their ability to limit the fuel consumption of motor vehicles, without affecting their performance. , especially in terms of cold properties.
• Lubricating compositions also called “lubricants”, are commonly used in the various components of motor vehicles for the main purposes of reducing the frictional forces between the various moving metal parts in these components, in particular the engine, transmission and hydraulic system. They are also effective in preventing premature wear or even damage to these parts, and in particular to their surface.
• a lubricating composition is conventionally composed of a base oil with which are generally associated several additives dedicated to stimulating the lubricating performance of the base oil, such as for example friction modifying additives, but also to provide additional performance.
• Lubricating compositions for transmissions must meet numerous requirements, particularly with regard to the strict specifications imposed by automobile manufacturers. In particular, they must have satisfactory properties in terms of viscosity, viscosity-temperature resistance, cold performance, etc. adapted to their implementation at the level of a transmission member, in particular at the level of the gearbox or bridges, in a vehicle.
• the specifications of the automobile manufacturers systematically impose, for the transmission oils of private vehicles, a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C (or KV100) measured according to the specific ASTM D445 standard, generally between 5 and 15 mm 2 / s.
• lubricants for transmission must have good performance in terms of cold properties and good viscosity-temperature resistance, in order to guarantee perfect operation with a hot engine and a cold engine, or even good compatibility with the elastomers generally used in transmission seals so that they do not swell, shrink and weaken.
• the formulation of oils for transmission allowing a saving in Fuel Eco, preferably uses lubricating bases having a very high viscosity index (VI).
• VI viscosity index
• the viscosity index measured according to the standard ASTM D2270, quantifies the aptitude of the lubricant to exhibit small variations in viscosity as a function of temperature, from measurements according to the ASTM D445 standard of kinematic viscosities at 40 ° C (KV40 ) and 100 ° C (KV100). It has thus been proposed to use esters of long chain fatty acids, having a very high viscosity index combined with a low viscosity.
• lubricants for transmissions mention may be made of document WO 2010/038147 which proposes, in order to generate fuel savings, to formulate lubricating compositions for gearboxes, using at least 30% by mass of a or more methyl esters of fatty acids of the formula RCOOCFp, where R is a paraffinic or olefinic group containing from 11 to 23 carbon atoms, in combination with one or more antiwear and / or extreme pressure additives phosphorus, sulfur or phosphorus sulfur and polyalphaolefins.
• the present invention aims to provide a novel lubricating composition, exhibiting improved properties in terms of fuel economy (“Fuel Eco” properties), while satisfying the properties required for its use for the lubrication of vehicle transmission components.
• the present invention describes a lubricating composition for the transmission of motor vehicles, comprising:
• the present invention relates, according to a first of its aspects, to the use of a lubricating composition
• a lubricating composition comprising:
• At least one monoester distinct from said base oil, formed between a linear monocarboxylic acid, saturated or unsaturated, Cx-C u, and a branched monoalcohol, saturated or unsaturated, C4-C16,
• a monoester of the invention is formed between a saturated linear Cs-C16 monocarboxylic acid, preferably C10-C14 and more preferably C10-C13 and a branched saturated monoalcohol C4-C16, in particular C6- C12.
• a monoester according to the invention can be 2-ethylhexyl dodecanoate.
• the inventors have observed that the use of a monoester according to the invention allows access to a lubricating composition which jointly exhibits properties in terms of fuel economy (“Fuel Eco” ) improved, and satisfactory performance, in particular in terms of cold properties, essential for its use as a transmission lubricant.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprising at least one monoester as defined above, advantageously combines good properties in terms of "Fuel Eco” and good cold performance.
• This tensile coefficient denoted TOC
• MTM tribometer for example under the conditions detailed in the examples.
• a composition according to the invention meets the specifications required for transmission lubricants, and in particular retains good performance in terms of cold properties.
• the cold properties can be evaluated by Brookfield measurement at -40 ° C according to ASTM D2983.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention has a Brookfield viscosity, measured at -40 ° C. according to the ASTM D2983 standard, of between 1000 mPa.s and 100,000 mPa.s, preferably between 5,000 mPa.s and 60,000 mPa. s.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention satisfies the viscosities required for an application for the lubrication of transmissions, and good viscosity stability with temperature, in other words a good viscosity index.
• the monoesters according to the invention advantageously exhibit good compatibility with elastomers, such as those commonly used in transmission seals, which allows their use at high levels in lubricants for transmission.
• the monoester or mixture of monoesters according to the invention can be used in a lubricant for transmissions, at a rate of 5% to 40% by mass, in particular from 10% to 30% by mass, and in particular from 15% to 30% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricant for transmissions.
• a lubricating composition for transmissions according to the invention comprises less than 30% by weight of monoester (s), in particular from 1 to 30% by weight of monoester (s).
• a content of less than 30% by mass of monoester (s) makes it possible to ensure good compatibility of the lubricating composition with the elastomer or elastomers used in the transmission components, in particular used for transmission seals.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention is particularly useful for lubricating transmission components of motor vehicles, in particular for light or heavy vehicles, for example gearboxes, axles, preferably manual gearbox and heavy-duty axles.
• the present invention further describes the use of a lubricating composition according to the invention for lubricating the transmission components of motor vehicles, in particular transmission for light or heavy vehicles, for example gearboxes, axles, preferably gearboxes. manual gear and heavy duty bridges.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention for lubricating the transmission components of motor vehicles, in particular transmission for light or heavy vehicles, for example gearboxes, axles, preferably gearboxes. manual gear and heavy duty bridges.
• the present invention also describes a method of lubricating at least one mechanical part of a transmission member of motor vehicles, in particular of light or heavy vehicles, for example gearbox, axles, preferably manual gearbox and weight axles. heavy, said method comprising at least one step in which said mechanical part is brought into contact with at least one lubricating composition according to the invention. It also describes the use of a monoester according to the invention, as defined above, to reduce the traction coefficient of a lubricant composition for transmission in a motor vehicle, in particular of a gearbox lubricant and / or a lubricant for axles, in particular for heavy goods vehicles.
• a monoester according to the invention as defined above, to reduce the traction coefficient of a lubricant composition for transmission in a motor vehicle, in particular of a gearbox lubricant and / or a lubricant for axles, in particular for heavy goods vehicles.
• a lubricant composition for transmission comprises at least one monoester formed between a linear monocarboxylic acid, saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, -C CM and monoalcohol branched, saturated or unsaturated C 4 to C 6.
• a monoester of the invention has a kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C according to the ASTM D445 standard ranging from 1.0 mm 2 / s to 2.5 mm 2 / s, preferably from 1.3 mm 2 / s at 2.3 mm 2 / s.
• a monoester of the invention also exhibits good cold properties, in particular a low pour point.
• a monoester of the invention preferably has a pour point, measured according to the ISO 3106 standard, less than or equal to 0 ° C, preferably less than or equal to -10 ° C.
• a monoester according to the invention has a low coefficient of traction.
• the traction coefficient is determined by MTM machine (Mini Traction Machine) sold by PC S instrument.
• monocarboxylic acid is understood to denote, within the meaning of the invention, a compound formed from a hydrocarbon chain of alkyl or alkenyl type carrying at one of its ends a carboxylic acid function.
• C 1 to C 14 monocarboxylic acid is intended to denote a monocarboxylic acid whose hydrocarbon chain of alkyl or alkenyl type contains from 8 to 14 carbon atoms.
• saturated is used to describe a carboxylic acid whose hydrocarbon chain is a saturated chain of alkyl type, as opposed to an unsaturated chain of alkenyl type.
• the monoester according to the invention is obtained from a saturated linear monocarboxylic acid, in particular comprising from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably from 11 to 13 carbon atoms.
• a monoester according to the invention is obtained from dodecanoic acid (C12).
• Such acids may be commercially available or prepared according to synthetic methods known to those skilled in the art.
• the alcohol from which a monoester according to the invention is formed is a branched, saturated or unsaturated monoalcohol.
• hydroxyl is intended to denote a compound formed from a hydrocarbon chain of alkyl or alkenyl type, carrying at one of its ends a hydroxyl function.
• monohydric C4-Ci 6 is intended to denote a monohydric alcohol whose hydrocarbon-chain alkyl type or alkenyl presents from 4 to 16 carbon atoms.
• branched is used to describe a monoalcohol in which the alkyl or alkenyl chain is branched, as opposed to a linear chain.
• the branched chain, preferably saturated, of a monoalcohol according to the invention can more particularly comprise from 4 to 16 carbon atoms, in particular from 6 to 12 carbon atoms and more particularly from 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
• a linear main chain preferably of a linear alkyl chain, having from 3 to 14 carbon atoms, in particular from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, said main chain having at least one group pendant alkyl, in particular one to three pendant alkyl groups, said pendant alkyl groups being more particularly C1 to C4, preferably C1 to C3, in particular the pendant alkyl groups being methyl and / or ethyl groups.
• the term “main chain of a monoalcohol” is used to describe the hydrocarbon chain comprising the longest succession of carbon atoms having the hydroxyl function at the end of the chain.
• the monoalcohol has a main linear alkyl chain having from 3 to 14 carbon atoms and one to three pendant alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably the monoalcohol has a main linear alkyl chain having 4 to 10 carbon atoms and a pendant alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
• a monoester according to the invention may for example be obtained from 2-ethylhexanol or 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol, advantageously from 2-ethylhexanol.
• Such alcohols may be commercially available or prepared according to synthetic methods known to those skilled in the art.
• these branched alcohols can be obtained from light alcohols, namely comprising between 1 and 4 carbon atoms, more particularly comprising 1 or 2 carbon atoms, by a synthesis known in the literature under the name "reaction of Guerbet ”.
• Guerbet syntheses have typically been used to prepare higher molecular weight branched chain alcohols from lower molecular weight starting materials. Examples of Guerbet synthesis are described in particular in documents US Pat. No. 4,518,810 and US 2,050,788.
• a monoester according to the invention can more particularly meet the following formula (I):
• R 1 represents an alkyl or alkenyl chain, linear, preferably a linear alkyl chain, C1 to C13, in particular C9 to C13 and more particularly C9 to
• R 2 represents an alkyl or alkenyl chain, branched, preferably an alkyl chain branched, in C4 to Ci6, in particular in G, in C12 and more particularly in Ci in
• R 2 is preferably formed from a main linear alkyl chain, in particular C3-C14, having at least one pendant alkyl group, preferably one, two or three pendant alkyl groups, said alkyl groups being more particularly C 1 to C4, preferably C 1 to C3, in particular methyl and / or ethyl groups.
• R 2 represents a 2-ethylhexyl or 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl group, advantageously 2-ethylhexyl.
• a monoester used according to the invention is chosen from monoesters obtained from linear C12 acid (dodecanoic acid) and 2-ethylhexanol or 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol, and mixtures thereof. It may in particular be 2-ethylhexyl dodecanoate.
• the monoester according to the invention does not contain heteroatoms other than those forming the ester function of the monoester.
• the monoesters according to the invention can be commercially available or prepared according to synthetic methods known to those skilled in the art. These synthesis methods more particularly implement an esterification reaction between a monoalcohol and a monocarboxylic acid.
• a monoester according to the invention can be in the form of a mixture of at least two monoesters according to the invention, as defined above.
• a lubricating composition for transmission according to the invention may optionally comprise, in addition to one or more monoesters in accordance with the invention, one or more monoesters not in accordance with the invention, provided that they do not affect the properties obtained for the lubricating composition.
• it can comprise a mixture of monoesters synthesized from a mixture of linear monocarboxylic acids comprising at least one Cs to C14 monocarboxylic acid, for example a mixture of Copra fatty acids.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises less than 5% by mass, in particular less than 1% by mass, relative to the total mass of the composition, of non-conforming monoester (s) ) to the invention (in other words, of monoester (s) not satisfying the definition of monoesters of the invention), and more particularly is free of monoester not in accordance with the invention.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least 1% by weight, in particular at least 5% by weight, in particular from 5% to 40% by weight, in particular from 10% to 30% by weight, preferably strictly greater than 10% , and more preferably ranging from 15% to 30% by weight, of one or more monoesters according to the invention, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention for transmissions has a content of monoester (s) according to the invention of less than or equal to 30% by weight, in particular between 1 and 30% by weight. and more particularly between 5 and 30% by mass.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one base oil.
• Said base oil (s) present in a lubricating composition according to the invention are chosen suitably, with regard to their compatibility with the said monoester (s) used according to the invention.
• It can be a mixture of several base oils, for example a mixture of two, three or four base oils.
• base oils can be chosen from the base oils conventionally used in the field of lubricating oils, such as mineral, synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable oils or their mixtures.
• the base oils used in the lubricating compositions according to the invention can in particular be oils of mineral or synthetic origins belonging to groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (Table A), or their equivalents according to the classification. ATIEL, or their mixtures.
• Mineral base oils include all types of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, dealphating, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization and hydrofinishing.
• the synthetic base oils can be esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, distinct from the monoesters of the invention, polyalphaolefins (PAO) or even polyalkylene glycol (PAG) obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of alkylene oxides. comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, in particular from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the polyalphaolefins used as base oils are for example obtained from monomers comprising 4 to 32 carbon atoms, for example from decene, octene or dodecene, and whose viscosity at 100 ° C is between 1, 5 and 15 mnri.s 1 according to standard ASTM D445. Their average molecular mass is generally between 250 and 3000 according to the ASTM D5296 standard.
• the base oil is chosen from oils of group II, III and IV of the API classification, and their mixtures, and more preferably from oils of group II, oils of group III and mixtures thereof.
• a lubricating composition for transmissions according to the invention may comprise less than 30% by mass of base oil (s) of mineral type (s), in particular less than 10% by mass, or even be completely free of mineral oil. .
• the kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C according to standard ASTM D445 of the base oil or mixture of base oils can advantageously be between 2 mm 2 / s and 15 mm 2 / s, preferably between 2.5 mm 2 / s and 10 mm 2 .
• the kinematic viscosity measured at 40 ° C according to standard ASTM D445 of the base oil or mixture of base oils can advantageously be between 7 mm 2 / s and 45 mm 2 / s, preferably between 10 mm 2 / s and 30 mm 2 / s.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least 40% by mass of base oil (s) relative to the total mass of the composition, in particular at least 50% by mass of base oil (s) , and in particular between 50 and 95% by mass and more particularly between 50 and 85% by mass, of base oil (s).
• it comprises from 70% to 90% by weight of base oil (s), in particular from 70 to 85% by weight of base oil (s), relative to the total weight of the composition.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention may further comprise all types of additives suitable for use in a lubricant for vehicle transmissions, in particular for transmissions of light or heavy vehicles.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises one or more additives chosen from viscosity index improvers, pour point lowering additives, antiwear additives, antioxidants and mixtures thereof.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise at least one friction modifier additive.
• the friction modifying additives make it possible to limit friction by forming monolayers adsorbed on the surfaces of metals in contact with them. They can be chosen from compounds providing metallic elements and compounds free of ash. Among the compounds providing metallic elements, mention may be made of transition metal complexes such as Mo, Sb. Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, the ligands of which can be hydrocarbon compounds comprising oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus atoms.
• the ash-free friction modifying additives are generally of organic origin and can be chosen from esters of fatty acids and of polyols, distinct from the monoester required according to the invention, alkoxylated amines, alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty epoxides. , borate fatty epoxides, fatty amines or fatty acid glycerol esters.
• the fatty compounds comprise at least one hydrocarbon group comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
• the molybdenum-based compounds can be chosen from molybdenum dithiocarbamates (Mo-DTC), molybdenum dithiophosphates (Mo-DTP), and mixtures thereof.
• a lubricating composition can in particular comprise a molybdenum content of between 1000 and 2500 ppm.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight, more particularly from 0.1 to 2% by weight or even more particularly from 0, 1 to 1.5% by mass, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition, of friction modifying additives.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention preferably comprises less than 1.5% by mass of molybdenum, more preferably less than 1% by mass, relative to the total weight of the composition, or even is free of molybdenum.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one anti-wear additive, an extreme pressure additive or their mixtures. Anti-wear additives and extreme pressure additives are designed to protect friction surfaces by forming a protective film adsorbed on these surfaces. There is a wide variety of antiwear additives.
• Anti-wear additives chosen from polysulphide additives, olefin-sulfur additives or else phospho-sulfur additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically dialkyldithiophosphates, are most particularly suitable for the lubricating compositions according to the invention. zinc or ZnDTP.
• the preferred compounds are of formula Zn ((SP (S) (OR) (OR ')) 2, in which R and R', which are identical or different, independently represent an alkyl group, preferably comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
• the lubricating composition according to the invention is free from phosphite-type esters containing sulfur of formula
• R is a C4-C20 hydrocarbon group containing sulfur and R 1 is hydrogen, a C4-C20 hydrocarbon group or a C4-C20 hydrocarbon group containing sulfur.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.01 to 6% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 4% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, anti-wear additives and extreme pressure additives.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise at least one antioxidant additive.
• the antioxidant additive makes it possible to delay the degradation of the lubricating composition in service. This degradation can in particular result in the formation of deposits, the presence of sludge or an increase in the viscosity of the lubricating composition. They act in particular as radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides.
• the antioxidant additives commonly used are may cite phenolic-type antioxidants, amino-type antioxidant additives, phosphosulfurized antioxidant additives. Some of these antioxidant additives, for example phosphosulfurized antioxidant additives, can generate ash.
• the phenolic antioxidant additives can be free of ash or be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts.
• the antioxidant additives can in particular be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted with at least one C1-C12 alkyl group, N, N '-dialkyl-aryl-diamines and mixtures thereof.
• the sterically hindered phenols are chosen from compounds comprising a phenol group of which at least one carbon vicinal of the carbon carrying the alcohol function is substituted by at least one C1-C10 alkyl group, preferably a C1-C12 alkyl group.
• Amino compounds are another class of antioxidant additives that can be used, optionally in combination with phenolic antioxidant additives.
• Examples of amino compounds are aromatic amines, for example aromatic amines of formula NR 5 R 6 R 7 in which R 5 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 6 represents an aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a group of formula R 8 S (0) z R 9 in which R 8 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R 9 represents an alkyl group, a alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents 0, 1 or 2.
• Sulfurized alkyl phenols or their alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as antioxidant additives.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.1 to 2% by mass, relative to the total weight of the composition, of at least one antioxidant additive.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can also comprise at least one detergent additive.
• Detergent additives generally make it possible to reduce the formation of deposits on the surface of metal parts by dissolving the by-products of oxidation and combustion.
• the detergent additives which can be used in a lubricating composition according to the invention are generally known to those skilled in the art.
• Additives Detergents can be anionic compounds comprising a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head.
• the associated cation can be a metallic cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
• the detergent additives are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulphonates, salicylates, naphthenates, as well as salts of phenates.
• the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium. These metal salts generally include the metal in a stoichiometric amount or else in excess, therefore in an amount greater than the narrow stoichiometric amount.
• the excess metal providing the overbased character to the detergent additive is then generally in the form of a metal salt insoluble in the base oil, for example a carbonate, a hydroxide, an oxalate, an acetate, a glutamate, preferably a carbonate.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.5 to 8%, preferably from 0.5 to 4% by mass, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition, of detergent additive.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can also comprise at least one pour point depressant additive (also called "PPD” agent for "For Point Depressant” in English).
• pour point depressant additives By slowing the formation of paraffin crystals, pour point depressant additives generally improve the cold behavior of the lubricating composition according to the invention.
• pour point reducing agents include polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes and alkylated polystyrenes.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.1% to 2%, preferably from 0.2% to 1% by mass of additive (s) lowering the pour point, relative to the total weight of the composition.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can also comprise at least one dispersing agent.
• Such dispersing agents ensure the maintenance in suspension and the evacuation of the insoluble solid contaminants constituted by the secondary oxidation products which form when the lubricating composition is in use.
• They can be chosen from among the Mannich bases, succinimides and their derivatives, such as polyisobutylene succinic anhydride derivatives.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of dispersing agent (s), relative to the total weight of the composition.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can also comprise at least one additive improving the viscosity index (VI).
• Viscosity index improvers in particular viscosity index improving polymers, help ensure good cold resistance and minimum viscosity at high temperature.
• polymer improving the viscosity index mention may be made of polymer esters, homopolymers or copolymers, hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated, of styrene, butadiene and isoprene, olefin homopolymers or copolymers, such as as ethylene or propylene, polyacrylates and polymethacrylates (PMA), preferably olefin homopolymers or copolymers, such as ethylene or propylene.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 1 to 15% by mass of additive (s) improving the viscosity index, preferably from 5% to 10% by mass, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. .
• a lubricating composition can also comprise at least one anti-foam additive, for example chosen from polar polymers such as polymethylsiloxanes or polyacrylates.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 3% by mass of anti-foam additive (s), relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• It may also comprise at least one anticorrosion agent or copper passivating agent, for example compounds such as polyisobutenes succinic anhydrides, thiadiazole sulfonates or mercaptobenzothiazoles. They are typically present in a lubricating composition according to the invention at contents of between 0.01% and 1% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
• at least one anticorrosion agent or copper passivating agent for example compounds such as polyisobutenes succinic anhydrides, thiadiazole sulfonates or mercaptobenzothiazoles.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises one or more additives chosen from agents for improving the viscosity index, agents for reducing the pour point, antiwear agents and antioxidants.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises, or even consists of:
• base oil distinct from the monoesters defined according to the invention, preferably chosen from group II and / or III base oils according to the API classification ;
• a lubricating composition according to the invention for motor vehicle transmission comprises, or even consists of:
• base oil distinct from the monoesters defined according to the invention, preferably chosen from group II and / or III base oils according to the API classification ;
• a lubricating composition according to the invention advantageously exhibits a kinematic viscosity, measured at 40 ° C according to the ASTM D445 standard, of between 20 mm 2 / s and 50 mm 2 / s, preferably between 25 mm 2 / s and 40 mm 2 / s.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity, measured at 100 ° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard, of between 2 mm 2 / s and 20 mm 2 / s, preferably between 4 mm 2 / s and 15 mm 2 / s.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention has a viscosity index of between 100 and 300, preferably between 150 and 250.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention exhibits good performance in terms of cold properties.
• Brookfield low temperature viscosity of a lubricant composition quantifies its ability to remain liquid at very low temperatures and in particular is representative of its ability to retain its properties when cold.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention has a Brookfield viscosity, measured at -40 ° C. according to the ASTM D2983 standard, of between 1000 mPa.s and 100,000 mPa.s, preferably between 5,000 mPa.s and 60,000 mPa. s.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention exhibits excellent properties in terms of reducing fuel consumption ("Fuel Eco” properties).
• a lubricating composition according to the invention thus exhibits low tensile coefficients.
• the traction coefficient is determined by MTM machine (Mini Traction Machine) sold by PCS instrument. It can be evaluated, as described in the examples, according to the following operating conditions: temperature of 40 ° C, load of 75N, speed of the disc of lm / s for an SRR (sliding-rolling ratio or "sliding-rolling" ratio in English) by 20%.
• SRR sliding-rolling ratio or "sliding-rolling" ratio in English
• a lubricating composition of the invention is suitable for lubricating the transmission components of motor vehicles, in particular transmission for light or heavy vehicles, for example gearboxes and / or axles.
• a lubricating composition according to the invention exhibits performance in particular in terms of cold properties, particularly well suited to its use for the transmission of heavy-duty vehicles, in particular for lubricating the manual gearbox and / or the weight axles. heavy.
• ME1 monoester of linear acid in Cu and 2-ethylhexanol.
• ME2 Copra (i) fatty acid monoester of 2-ethylhexanol.
• ME3 monoester of linear Cn acid and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol.
• Copra acid mixture of linear fatty acids comprising between 8 and 18 carbon atoms, and mainly comprising dodecanoic acid (C 12 ) and tetradecanoic acid (C 14 ).
• compositions Six lubricating compositions, CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4, CL5 and CL6, were formulated with the monoesters in accordance with the invention. These compositions were prepared by simple mixing, at room temperature, of the following components, in the proportions by weight indicated in Table 3 below.
• the reference composition is a lubricating composition for transmission not comprising the monoester according to the invention.
• (1) comprising an antiwear agent, an extreme pressure agent, a dispersant, a detergent, an anti-foam agent, an anti-oxidant and a friction modifier.
• the kinematic viscosities at 40 ° C and at 100 ° C (KV40 and KV100) of the compositions prepared above were measured according to the ASTM D445 standard.
• the viscosity index of the compositions is calculated from the kinematic viscosities at 40 ° C and at 100 ° C measured for each of the lubricating compositions.
• the cold properties are evaluated by measuring the Brookfield viscosity at -40 ° C. according to the standard ASTM D2983.
• compositions according to the invention exhibit good Brookfield viscosity, like the reference composition.
• the compositions of the invention thus exhibit particularly satisfactory cold performance for use in lubricating transmission components of light and heavy-duty vehicles.
• the tensile coefficient (TOC) was measured using the PCS instrument MTM tribometer. It allows the performance of lubricants to be evaluated in terms of friction in a mixed / hydrodynamic regime. This test consists of setting a steel ball and a steel plane in relative motion, at different speeds, making it possible to define the% SSR (Ratio sliding speed / driving speed or "Slide-to-Roll Ratio" in English language) which corresponds to the sliding speed / driving speed.
• the measurement conditions were 75 N load, a disk speed of 1 m / s for an estimated temperature of 40 ° C and an SRR of 20%
• compositions according to the invention exhibit a low tensile coefficient compared to the reference composition not using a monoester according to the invention. It can therefore be deduced therefrom that the compositions according to the invention will exhibit improved performance in terms of fuel economy (“Fuel Eco”).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

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• 2019
  • 2019-04-01 FR FR1903441A patent/FR3094377B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-03-27 WO PCT/EP2020/058788 patent/WO2020201126A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2020-03-27 US US17/600,426 patent/US11739281B2/en active Active
  • 2020-03-27 EP EP20713043.6A patent/EP3947610B1/de active Active
  • 2020-03-27 CN CN202080035139.3A patent/CN113811592A/zh active Pending
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