EP3948153B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile à déformation et/ou à décomposition partielle, et projectile à déformation et/ou à décomposition partielle fabriqué selon ledit procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile à déformation et/ou à décomposition partielle, et projectile à déformation et/ou à décomposition partielle fabriqué selon ledit procédé

Info

Publication number
EP3948153B1
EP3948153B1 EP20716425.2A EP20716425A EP3948153B1 EP 3948153 B1 EP3948153 B1 EP 3948153B1 EP 20716425 A EP20716425 A EP 20716425A EP 3948153 B1 EP3948153 B1 EP 3948153B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
jacket
core part
side core
nose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20716425.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3948153A1 (fr
Inventor
Marcus STIER
Gerhard Mehl
Heinz Riess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWS GmbH
Original Assignee
RWS GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RWS GmbH filed Critical RWS GmbH
Publication of EP3948153A1 publication Critical patent/EP3948153A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3948153B1 publication Critical patent/EP3948153B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/367—Projectiles fragmenting upon impact without the use of explosives, the fragments creating a wounding or lethal effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/001—Devices or processes for assembling ammunition, cartridges or cartridge elements from parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile and to deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectiles manufactured by the method.
  • Bullets are typically made of relatively soft lead encased in a harder material, such as copper or a copper alloy like tombac.
  • the lead gives the bullet its high specific gravity, crucial for its ballistic performance.
  • the bullet jacket protects the rifle barrel from lead fouling and allows for higher muzzle velocities, as the harder outer layer enables the bullet to follow the rifling of the rifle barrel, imparting its spin, even at high speeds.
  • the core at the nose of the bullet is not enclosed by jacket material and is exposed.
  • the bullet tip deforms due to the high pressure of impact and penetration.
  • the bullet may mushroom out or at least partially deform. This allows the bullet to transfer its energy to the target much more effectively than a full metal jacket bullet, where the jacket completely surrounds the core, but it has lower penetration power.
  • Such bullets are primarily used for hunting because, when shot ethically, their efficient energy transfer within the animal's body leads to a faster and more reliable death than full metal jacket bullets.
  • Fragmenting bullets are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner, leaving only a defined core.
  • the bullet has a substantially hollow cylindrical jacket into which a two-part core is pressed.
  • Any lead-free, compressible material is suggested as a core material, for example, tin, zinc, or granules.
  • a disadvantage of such a fragmenting bullet is that the lead-free bullets do not exhibit the same performance as lead-based bullets.
  • the tin material used tends to fracture upon impact, leaving no deformed fragment.
  • pressing the core into the bullet jacket does not fulfill the desired function, especially the required durable, strong bond between the jacket and core. Upon impact, there is a risk that the pressed core will detach from the jacket, leaving no deformed fragment.
  • US 2012/067245 A1 Disclosing a projectile with a jacket having a rear section and a front section with an open front end; a rear core located in and connected to the rear section of the jacket, and a front core separate from the rear core and located in the front section of the jacket next to the open front end.
  • DE 10 2013 019 073 A1 relates to a projectile with a base, an adjacent cylindrical rear section and a front section designed as an ogive, and the projectile has one or two cores and a jacket.
  • DE 10 2015 001559 A1 relates to a lead-free partial fragmentation projectile consisting of a projectile jacket (1), a pressed-in tail core and a pressed-in nose core in the ogive area, wherein the nose core sits on the tail core.
  • US 2019/017789 A1 reveals a firearm projectile that has a core extending along a central axis from a base section to a tip section extends, with the base section generally having a cylindrical shape and the tip section comprising an ogive shape.
  • US 5,641,937 A describes a soft-tipped bullet with a bonded lead core for rifles and pistols, as well as a method for manufacturing the bullets.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the known prior art, in particular to improve a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile and a manufacturing method for a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile in such a way that its deformation and/or fragmentation upon impact with a target leaves behind a defined, deformed residual body.
  • a method for manufacturing a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile is then provided, defined by the steps listed in claim 1.
  • fragmenting projectiles such as hunting bullets
  • Fragmenting projectiles are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner upon impact with a target, leaving a defined residual fragment. Expanding projectiles typically exhibit a mass-stable, controlled deformation.
  • the expanding and/or fragmenting projectile comprises a jacket.
  • the jacket can be designed as a rotationally symmetrical, in particular essentially cylindrical, hollow body, open at one end.
  • Materials Suitable materials for the jacket include metals, particularly hard metals such as copper or copper alloys, for example, tombac.
  • the jacket may, for instance, have a preferably circumferential tear-off edge on its outer circumference, which may be located approximately at the transition between the nose-side ogive and the tail of the projectile. Upon impact with a target, the tear-off edge can facilitate the deformation and/or fragmentation of the jacket in the ogive region up to the tear-off edge.
  • the nose-side ogive of the jacket is torn away from the tail along the tear-off edge upon impact.
  • the tear-off edge may, for example, be oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and also serve to determine the deformation and/or fragmentation behavior of the expanding and/or partially fragmenting projectile, in particular to limit deformation and/or fragmentation of the projectile.
  • the expanding and/or fragmenting projectile further comprises a two-part core arranged within the jacket, with a nose-side core part and a tail-side core part.
  • the nose-side core part is arranged in the jacket, or dimensioned, such that a nose-side core tip of the nose-side core part projects from the jacket and/or is not surrounded by a jacket.
  • Both the tail-side core part and the nose-side core part can be in contact with an inner circumference of the jacket completely around their entire outer surface.
  • the core parts can be arranged in the jacket such that the tail-side core part rests on a tail-side base of the jacket and/or that the nose-side core part, in particular, rests fully on the tail-side core part.
  • a dividing plane between the rear-end core section and the nose-end core section is formed by an end face of each core section, in particular a nose-end end face of the rear-end core section and a nose-end end face of the nose-end core section.
  • the dividing plane between the rear-end and nose-end core sections can, for example, be conical and oriented towards the rear of the projectile, i.e., extending conically from the inner circumference of the jacket towards the
  • the projectile's tail end should extend to a conical tip, which, for example, lies on a rotational axis of the jacket. It has been found that, for deformation and/or fragmentation projectiles of this type, the separation edge should be positioned in the region of the interface between the core components. This means that the axial position of the separation edge on the projectile jacket, relative to the axial position or extent of the interface between the core components, can be aligned with the dimensions of the core components.
  • the separation edge lies between the beginning of the conical interface located on the inner circumference of the jacket and the end of the interface at the projectile's tail end, which forms the tip of the cone. It has been found that such positioning of the separation edge relative to the interface between the core components leads to reliable deformation and/or fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with a target.
  • the core is attached to the jacket such that the core portion at the rear of the projectile is more securely fastened to the jacket than the core portion at the nose. It has been found that the less secure fastening of the core portion at the nose ensures reliable separation of the nose-side projectile section, in particular the core portion at the nose and/or the ogive section of the jacket surrounding the core portion at the nose, upon impact of the projectile with a target.
  • the more secure fastening of the core portion at the rear of the projectile strengthens the connection or attachment of the core portion at the rear of the projectile to the jacket, thus ensuring that the core portion at the rear of the projectile does not detach from the jacket upon impact of the projectile and that a defined projectile remnant remains, which can effectively transfer energy to the target.
  • the inventive measure of more strongly securing the core part at the rear of the projectile to the jacket compared to the core part at the nose of the projectile eliminates the need for additional, particularly structural, measures to increase the connection between the core part at the rear of the projectile and the jacket.
  • the nose-end core part is attached to the jacket in such a way that, upon impact of the projectile on a target, the nose-end core part can detach from the jacket.
  • the tail-end core part can be attached to the jacket in such a way that, upon impact of the projectile on a target, the tail-end core part remains attached to the jacket.
  • the nose-end core part may be necessary for the nose-end core part to detach substantially completely, possibly together with the jacket portion surrounding the nose-end core part, from the rest, in particular from the tail-end jacket portion and the tail-end core part, whereas it may be advantageous for the tail-end core part and, if applicable, the tail-end jacket portion to remain adhered to one another, in particular to form a defined residual body.
  • the core section at the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket at least 5% more strongly than the core section at the nose of the projectile.
  • the core section at the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket at least 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, or at least 30% more strongly than the core section at the nose of the projectile.
  • the core section at the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket at least 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or at least 100% more strongly.
  • the core section at the rear of the projectile is made of lead.
  • the core section at the rear of the projectile can also be made of tin, zinc, or alloys thereof.
  • the core section at the nose of the projectile can be made of lead and/or tin or alloys thereof. Zinc is also a conceivable material. It has been found that lead is particularly advantageous with regard to the performance of the expanding and/or fragmenting projectiles according to the invention.
  • a expanding and/or fragmenting projectile such as a hunting bullet
  • Fragmenting projectiles are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner upon impact with a target, leaving a defined residual body. Expanding projectiles typically exhibit a mass-stable, controlled deformation.
  • the expanding and/or fragmenting projectile comprises a jacket.
  • the jacket can be designed as a rotationally symmetrical, in particular essentially cylindrical, hollow body, open at one end. Suitable materials for the jacket include metals, especially hard metals such as copper or copper alloys, for example, tombac.
  • the jacket can, for example, have a preferably circumferential tear-off edge on its outer circumference, which may be located approximately at the transition between the nose-side ogive and the tail of the projectile. Upon impact of the projectile with a target, the tear-off edge can facilitate the deformation and/or fragmentation of the jacket in the region of the ogive up to the tear-off edge.
  • the nose-side ogive of the jacket is torn away from the tail of the projectile along the tear-off edge upon impact with a target.
  • the tear-off edge can, for example, be oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and furthermore serve to determine the deformation and/or fragmentation behavior of the deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile, in particular to limit deformation and/or fragmentation of the projectile.
  • the expanding and/or fragmenting projectile further comprises a two-part core arranged within and attached to the jacket, with a nose-side core part and a tail-side core part.
  • the nose-side core part is arranged in the jacket, or dimensioned, such that a nose-side core tip of the nose-side core part projects from the jacket and/or is not surrounded by a jacket.
  • Both the tail-side core part and the nose-side core part can be completely circumferential and along their entire outer surface on an inner circumference. of the jacket.
  • the core parts can be arranged in the jacket such that the core part at the rear of the projectile rests on a rear-facing base of the jacket and/or that the core part at the nose of the projectile rests, in particular, over its entire surface, on the core part at the rear of the projectile.
  • a separating plane between the core part at the rear of the projectile and the core part at the nose of the projectile is formed by an end face of each core part, in particular a nose-facing end face of the core part at the rear of the projectile and a nose-facing end face of the core part at the nose of the projectile.
  • the separating plane between the core part at the rear of the projectile and the core part at the nose of the projectile can, for example, be conical and oriented towards the rear of the projectile, i.e., extending conically from the inner circumference of the jacket towards the rear of the projectile to a cone apex, which, for example, lies on an axis of rotation of the jacket. It has been found that, for deformation and/or fragmentation projectiles of this type, the separation edge should be positioned in the region of the interface between the core components. This means that the axial position of the separation edge on the projectile jacket, relative to the axial position or extent of the interface between the core components, can be aligned with the dimensions of the core components.
  • the separation edge lies between the beginning of the conical interface located on the inner circumference of the jacket and the end of the interface at the rear of the projectile, which forms the apex of the cone. It has been found that such positioning of the separation edge relative to the interface between the core components leads to reliable deformation and/or fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with a target.
  • a connection technique for attaching the nose-end core part to the jacket differs at least partially from a connection technique for attaching the tail-end core part to the jacket.
  • the connection technique for attaching the core parts to the jacket need not necessarily differ along the entire connection area of the respective projectile core with respect to the projectile jacket.
  • the connection technique differs at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or preferably 100%, with respect to a Total core outer surface area available for connection with the mantle.
  • connection techniques are generally defined as the constructive methods of joining individual components. These connection techniques can be divided, for example, into detachable and non-detachable connections. A connection is generally considered detachable if it can be undone without damaging the connected individual components, and non-detachable if at least one of the individual components is destroyed when the individual components are removed from one another, i.e., when the connection between the individual components is broken.
  • connection technology for attaching the projectile's tail-side core section to the jacket and the connection technology for attaching the projectile's nose-side core section to the jacket are based, at least in sections, on different physical principles.
  • the connection technologies can also be subdivided according to physical principles, namely into positive locking, force locking, and material locking, or combinations thereof.
  • a positive locking connection is generally defined as a connection in which at least two connecting partners interlock.
  • a force locking connection is based on a normal force existing between the surfaces of the connecting partners to be joined.
  • Material locking connections are characterized by the fact that the connecting partners are held together by atomic or molecular forces.
  • the projectile's tail-side core section is materially locked to the jacket.
  • the projectile's tail-side core section forms a non-removable connection with the jacket.
  • the The core section at the nose of the projectile must be attached to the jacket by a form-fit and/or force-fit connection.
  • the material-fit attachment of the core section at the tail of the projectile to the jacket ensures that it remains adhered to the jacket after the projectile impacts the target
  • the form-fit and/or force-fit attachment of the core section at the nose of the projectile to the jacket ensures that, upon impact of the projectile, the core section at the nose of the projectile can detach from the jacket, or that the ogive section of the jacket at the nose of the projectile can detach from the core section at the nose of the projectile, especially after tearing along the tear-off edge.
  • the core portion at the rear of the projectile is attached to the jacket by means of soldering or diffusion soldering.
  • Diffusion soldering and soldering are thermal processes for the metallurgical joining of metal components.
  • diffusion soldering diffusion, i.e., mixing, occurs at the interfaces between the projectile jacket and core to be joined, while in soldering, the soldered joint is created by melting a solder.
  • soldering and diffusion soldering have proven particularly advantageous with regard to precision and reliability.
  • an outer circumferential surface of the core part facing the jacket, located at the rear of the projectile is joined to an inner surface of the jacket by a material bond, preferably by soldering and/or welding and/or bonding.
  • the outer circumferential surface is joined to the inner surface of the jacket by a material bond over more than 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or preferably 100% of the total outer circumferential surface of the core part at the rear of the projectile. It should be understood that increasing the areas of the core part and jacket to be joined by a material bond strengthens the connection between the core part and the jacket. According to the present invention, this can be varied or adjusted depending on the respective application area of the deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile according to the invention or depending on the materials used.
  • the core part on the nose of the projectile is frictionally attached to the jacket.
  • This is particularly easy to manufacture.
  • the core part on the nose of the projectile is pressed into the jacket and/or clamped in the jacket. It can be provided that the core part on the nose of the projectile is attached to the jacket by forming an interference fit.
  • a radial interference between the core part on the nose of the projectile and the jacket can preferably be provided in the range of 0.001 mm to 0.01 mm.
  • a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile is provided, such as a hunting bullet.
  • Partial fragmentation projectiles are generally designed to fragment in a controlled manner upon impact with a target, leaving a defined residual body.
  • Deformation projectiles typically exhibit a mass-stable, controlled deformation.
  • the expanding and/or fragmenting projectile comprises a jacket.
  • the jacket can be designed as a rotationally symmetrical, in particular essentially cylindrical, hollow body, open at one end. Suitable materials for the jacket include metals, especially hard metals such as copper or copper alloys, for example, tombac.
  • the jacket can, for example, have a preferably circumferential tear-off edge on its outer circumference, which may be located approximately at the transition between the nose-side ogive and the tail of the projectile. Upon impact of the projectile with a target, the tear-off edge can facilitate the deformation and/or fragmentation of the jacket in the region of the ogive up to the tear-off edge.
  • the nose-side ogive of the jacket is torn away from the tail of the projectile along the tear-off edge upon impact with a target.
  • the tear-off edge can, for example, be oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and furthermore serve to determine the deformation and/or fragmentation behavior of the deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile, in particular to limit deformation and/or fragmentation of the projectile.
  • the expanding and/or fragmenting projectile further comprises a two-part core arranged within the jacket, with a nose-side core part and a tail-side core part.
  • the nose-side core part is arranged in the jacket, or dimensioned, such that a nose-side core tip of the nose-side core part projects from the jacket and/or is not surrounded by a jacket.
  • Both the tail-side core part and the nose-side core part can be in contact with an inner circumference of the jacket completely around their entire outer surface.
  • the core parts can be arranged in the jacket such that the tail-side core part rests on a tail-side base of the jacket and/or that the nose-side core part, in particular, rests fully on the tail-side core part.
  • a dividing plane between the projectile's tail-side core section and the projectile's nose-side core section is formed by an end face of each core section, specifically a nose-side end face of the tail-side core section and a tail-side end face of the nose-side core section.
  • the dividing plane between the tail-side and nose-side core sections can, for example, be conical and oriented towards the tail of the projectile, i.e., extending conically from the inner circumference of the jacket towards the tail of the projectile to a cone apex, which, for example, lies on a rotational axis of the jacket. It has been found that, in deformation and/or fragmentation projectiles of this type, the separation edge must be located in the region of the dividing plane between the core sections. This means that the axial position of the separation edge on the projectile jacket can be aligned with the axial position or axial extent of the dividing plane between the core sections and thus with the dimensions of the core sections.
  • the separation edge lies between the beginning of the conical parting line located on the inner circumference of the jacket and the end of the parting line at the rear of the projectile, which forms the apex of the cone. It has been found that such positioning of the separation edge relative to the parting line between the core parts leads to reliable deformation and/or partial fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with a target.
  • the two-part core could, for example, be made of lead and/or tin and/or zinc and/or alloys thereof.
  • a core section at the rear of the projectile is soldered to the adjacent jacket, and a core section at the nose of the projectile is essentially unsoldered with respect to the surrounding jacket, particularly with respect to the ogive section, preferably pressed in.
  • this ensures the function of the expanding and/or fragmenting projectile, in particular reliable expansion and/or fragmentation upon impact of the projectile with the target.
  • the core section at the rear of the projectile remains adhered to the surrounding jacket section at the rear of the projectile after impact and/or after expansion and/or fragmentation of the projectile.
  • the method according to the invention is designed to realize the deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile according to one of the above aspects and/or exemplary embodiments.
  • a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile is generally designated by the reference numeral 1.
  • the inventive method for manufacturing a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile 1 according to the invention is also described schematically.
  • FIG. 1 Various manufacturing states of a jacket blank, designated with the reference numeral 3, for a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile 1 according to the invention are shown.
  • FIG. 5 to 9 Exemplary embodiments of deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectiles according to the invention are shown 1.
  • FIG. 1 A rotationally symmetrical, preferably substantially cylindrical, jacket blank 3 is shown.
  • the jacket blank 3 has a base 5 at one end face and is open towards the other end face 7. Between the end faces 5 and 7, the jacket blank 3 has a substantially constant wall thickness, which, however, preferably decreases slightly and continuously from the base 5 towards the end face 7.
  • Fig. 1 The wall thickness and a projectile core 9 arranged within the jacket blank 3 are indicated by dashed lines, with the wall thickness profile and the core within the jacket blank 3 shown.
  • the core part 9 can be attached to the jacket blank 3 as follows: a flux, i.e., an additive used in soldering to improve the wetting of the jacket blank 3 by the solder, is injected into the jacket, and then the metal material to form the core part 9, for example, lead, is inserted into the metal blank 3. The core part 9 is then melted, for example, by means of an induction coil, whereby the core part material 9 adheres to the jacket blank 3 in a metallurgical bond.
  • a flux i.e., an additive used in soldering to improve the wetting of the jacket blank 3 by the solder
  • a conical preform 15 forms on an end section 13 of the core part 9 facing away from the base 5 as a result of the fastening method of the core part 9 to the jacket blank 3 according to the invention.
  • the conical preform 15 is formed in particular by heating the molten core part material 9 to such an extent that it begins to boil and expands, in particular by boiling up.
  • the liquid core part material 9 When the core part material 9 cools to form the metallurgical bonds between the core part 9 and the jacket blank 3, the liquid core part material 9 only slides back down to a limited extent and into the interior of the jacket, since metallurgical bonds have already formed between the inner jacket circumference 11 and the outer circumference of the projectile core end section 13.
  • the volume of the liquefied and solidifying core part material 9 shrinks, so that the core part material 9 is increasingly drawn towards the jacket circumference 11 and thus forms the conical preform 15.
  • the surface of the cone preform 15 is irregular, in particular wavy and/or structured, i.e. it has irregular protrusions 17 and depressions 19.
  • FIG. 4 It can be seen that the end section 13, in particular the conical preform 15 with the protrusions 17 and depressions 19, was machined.
  • a forming step such as a cold forming step
  • the irregular conical preform 15 was further processed into a regular conical depression 23 having a substantially flat surface 21.
  • FIG. 5 to 9 Exemplary embodiments of the deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectiles 1 according to the invention are shown. In this description of the exemplary embodiments, the differences between the embodiments are addressed primarily to avoid repetition. Identical or similar components are designated with the same or similar reference numerals.
  • the jacket blank 3 is produced according to... Fig. 5
  • the projectile jacket 25 is formed, comprising a projectile tail jacket 27 adjoining the base 5 and a projectile nose section 29, shaped like an ogive, adjoining the projectile tail jacket 27.
  • a further core section 31 is inserted into the jacket blank 3 with a pre-formed core section 9 at the projectile tail and brought into essentially full-surface contact with the core section 9, which now forms the core section on the projectile core side.
  • the core section 31 on the nose side is shaped to match the shape of the core section 9 on the projectile tail side.
  • the core section 31 on the nose side has an essentially V-shaped or conical tip 33, which is shaped to fit the conical recess 23 in order to form, in particular, full-surface contact with the surface 21 of the conical recess 23.
  • the projectile nose jacket 29 is then reshaped under heat treatment, i.e., compressed inwards, particularly in the region of the end face 7, so that the projectile nose jacket 29 tapers progressively towards the end face 7 to form the ogive.
  • a preferably cylindrical and pointed mandrel (not shown) is inserted from the end face 7 into the core part 31 on the projectile nose side, so that, according to the Fig. 5 depicted final shape of the projectile jacket 25
  • the core part 31 on the nose of the projectile has a substantially blind-hole-like recess 35.
  • the blind-hole-like recess 35 has an inner diameter that corresponds to the diameter of the opening 37 remaining on the end face 7.
  • the opening 37 is bounded by a circumferential, chamfered, and annular end face 39, which is particularly intended for the support of a [missing information - likely a specific component or element] in relation to the [missing information - likely a specific component or element].
  • Figures 6 to 7 further core part shown, in particular a projectile core tip 41, serves.
  • a preferably circumferential tear-off edge 43 is arranged, firstly, in the area of the cone recess 23 or the cone tip 33, and secondly, in the area of the transition between the projectile tail jacket 27 and the projectile nose jacket 29.
  • the tear-off edge 43 is located in an axial region in which the cone recess 23 extends. It has been found that this ensures the functionality of the partial fragmentation and/or expansion projectiles 1, in particular the controlled deformation and/or fragmentation of the projectiles 1 according to the invention.
  • a tapered deformation of the ogiver-shaped projectile nose section 29 begins at the tear-off edge 43.
  • the projectile nose-side core part 31 is essentially inserted into the jacket 25 without soldering.
  • the projectile nose-side core part 31 can be pressed into the jacket 25 and/or attached to the jacket 25 by positive-locking and/or frictional connection technology.
  • the demolition edge 43 has according to Fig. 5 an inwardly offset step 45 and a subsequent chamfer 47, which in turn transitions into the ogive-shaped bow section 29.
  • the projectile core tip 41 is at least partially visible, in particular the part that protrudes from the jacket 25.
  • the projectile core tip 41 is flattened at its end face 49.
  • the projectile core tip 41 which is made, for example, of the same material as the projectile tail core part 9 and/or the projectile nose core part 31, has a circumferential bearing surface 51 oriented at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the projectile 1, which is shaped to fit the jacket end face 39, in particular to ensure full and/or uniform contact.
  • the projectile core tip 41 can be inserted into the recess 35 in such a way as to be oriented in relation to a The dimensions of the recess 35 must be such that a cavity 53 results which is not occupied by the projectile core tip 41.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 Two further exemplary embodiments of a deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectile 1 according to the invention are shown, wherein Fig. 8 essentially as executed according to Fig. 5 and Fig. 9 essentially as executed according to Fig. 6 This corresponds to the above. Therefore, the following will only address the differences regarding the details.
  • the additional retaining groove 57 and thus also the corresponding additional manufacturing step for introducing the retaining groove 57 into the projectile jacket 25 can be omitted without compromising the controlled and/or defined deformation and/or fragmentation of the inventive deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectiles 1.
  • the retaining groove 57 can also prove advantageous with regard to handling, for example, during the manufacture and/or transport of the inventive deformation and/or partial fragmentation projectiles 1.
  • the retaining groove 57 can also provide additional fixation of the projectile's rear-end core section 9 in the projectile jacket 25 and thus serve as a type of safety device.
  • the design according to Fig. 9 can essentially be described as a combination of the execution according to the Figure 6 and 8 to be considered, namely with regard to the additional retaining groove 57 and the inserted projectile core tip 41.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1), comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - fourniture d'une ébauche de chemisage (3) symétrique en rotation avec un fond (5) sur une face avant et une face avant ouverte opposée (7),
    - introduction d'un agent fluide dans l'ébauche de chemisage (3),
    - introduction dans l'ébauche de chemisage (3) d'un matériau métallique formant une partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9), par exemple du plomb,
    - chauffage, en particulier fusion, du matériau métallique formant la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) et pour faire adhérer la partie de noyau (9) et l'ébauche de chemisage (3) l'une à l'autre,
    - constitution d'une cavité conique dans la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9), sachant que la constitution de la cavité conique dans la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) a lieu par le fait que le matériau métallique chauffé est mis en cuisson, ce par quoi il se dilate et le matériau métallique ainsi conditionné s'écoule en retour à l'intérieur du chemisage lors du refroidissement du matériau métallique en formant une préforme conique (15),
    - déformation de la préforme conique (15) en une cavité conique régulière (23),
    - introduction d'une partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) dans l'ébauche de chemisage (3) et constitution d'un contact d'appui en particulier sur toute la surface entre la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) et la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31),
    - déformation de l'ébauche de chemisage (3) pour former un chemisage d'avant de projectile (29) augmentant en direction de la face avant (7) se rétrécissant en particulier en forme d'ogive,
    - introduction d'un mandrin injecté depuis la face avant (7) dans la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) pour former une cavité du type à trou borgne (35) dans la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31), et
    - insertion d'une autre partie de noyau (31) dans la cavité de type à trou borgne (35).
  2. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1), fabriqué selon le procédé de la revendication 1.
  3. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon la revendication 2, comprenant le chemisage (3) et le noyau en deux parties, disposé à l'intérieur du chemisage (3) avec la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) et la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9), sachant que le noyau est fixé au chemisage (3) de telle manière que la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) est fixée au chemisage (3) plus fortement que la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31), sachant que l'autre partie de noyau est disposée dans la cavité de type à trou borgne (35) prévue dans la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31).
  4. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, sachant que la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) est fabriquée en plomb et/ou la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) est fabriquée en plomb et/ou en zinc.
  5. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, sachant qu'une technique de liaison pour fixer la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) au chemisage (3) est différente au moins en partie d'une technique de liaison pour fixer la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) au chemisage (3).
  6. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon la revendication 5, sachant que la technique de liaison pour fixer la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) et la technique de liaison pour fixer la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) au chemisage (3) reposent au moins en partie sur des principes de fonctionnement physiques différents, sachant que la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) est fixée par conformité de matière au chemisage (3) et sachant que la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) est fixée au chemisage (3) au moyen du brasage par fusion ou du brasage par diffusion.
  7. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, sachant qu'une surface périphérique extérieure tournée vers le chemisage (3) de la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9) est assemblée en surface par conformité de matière à une surface intérieure de chemisage (11), en particulier à plus de 5 %, de préférence à 100 % d'une surface périphérique extérieure totale de la partie de noyau à l'arrière du projectile (9).
  8. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, sachant que la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) est fixée par conformité de frottement au chemisage (3), est en particulier enfoncée dans le chemisage (3) et/ou est serrée dans le chemisage (3) et/ou est fixé par formation d'un ajustage serré au chemisage (3), sachant en particulier qu'une surépaisseur radiale se situant dans une plage de 0,001 mm à 0,01 mm se trouve entre la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) et le chemisage (3).
  9. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, sachant que la partie de noyau à l'avant du projectile (31) concernant le chemisage enveloppant (3) n'est pour l'essentiel pas brasée, est de préférence enfoncée.
  10. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, sachant que l'autre partie de noyau est dimensionnée en référence à une dimension de la cavité (35) de telle manière qu'il résulte un espace creux (53), qui n'est pas occupé par l'autre partie de noyau.
  11. Projectile à déformation et/ou à fragmentation partielle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 10, sachant qu'une ouverture à l'avant (37) de la cavité de type à trou borgne (35) est limitée par une surface de chemisage (39) périphérique, en particulier chanfreinée et annulaire, est adaptée à la forme concernant une surface d'appui (51) de l'autre partie de noyau, en particulier pour porter de façon entière et/ou uniforme.
EP20716425.2A 2019-03-28 2020-03-30 Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile à déformation et/ou à décomposition partielle, et projectile à déformation et/ou à décomposition partielle fabriqué selon ledit procédé Active EP3948153B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019108061.4A DE102019108061A1 (de) 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Deformations- und/oder Teilzerlegungsgeschoss
PCT/EP2020/058957 WO2020193803A1 (fr) 2019-03-28 2020-03-30 Projectile à déformation et/ou à décomposition partielle

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EP3948153A1 EP3948153A1 (fr) 2022-02-09
EP3948153B1 true EP3948153B1 (fr) 2025-12-03

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US (1) US20220187049A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3948153B1 (fr)
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US9046333B2 (en) * 2010-09-17 2015-06-02 Olin Corporation Bullet
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Publication number Publication date
US20220187049A1 (en) 2022-06-16
DE102019108061A1 (de) 2020-10-01
EP3948153A1 (fr) 2022-02-09
WO2020193803A1 (fr) 2020-10-01

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