EP3957910A1 - Procédé et agencement de formation pneumatique d'un mélange dans un brûleur de prémélange - Google Patents

Procédé et agencement de formation pneumatique d'un mélange dans un brûleur de prémélange Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3957910A1
EP3957910A1 EP21186554.8A EP21186554A EP3957910A1 EP 3957910 A1 EP3957910 A1 EP 3957910A1 EP 21186554 A EP21186554 A EP 21186554A EP 3957910 A1 EP3957910 A1 EP 3957910A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reference pressure
fuel gas
pressure
point
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21186554.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3957910B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Reinert
Matthias Hopf
Klaus Richter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Publication of EP3957910A1 publication Critical patent/EP3957910A1/fr
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Publication of EP3957910B1 publication Critical patent/EP3957910B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/027—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/007—Mixing tubes, air supply regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2400/00—Pretreatment and supply of gaseous fuel
    • F23K2400/20—Supply line arrangements
    • F23K2400/201—Control devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
    • F23K2900/05001—Control or safety devices in gaseous or liquid fuel supply lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F23N2225/06—Measuring pressure for determining flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for the pneumatic formation of a stable mixture in a premix burner for the combustion of fuel gas with ambient air.
  • Known burners including those in so-called gas condensing boilers in particular, are supplied with ambient air by a blower, and fuel gas is added in a predeterminable amount via a fuel gas control valve.
  • the invention relates to arrangements in which fuel is added on the pressure side of the fan. The mixture is then ignited in a combustion chamber and then used in a stable, controlled combustion process to generate heat, usually to provide warm service water and/or heat for a heating system.
  • a mixture of air and combustible gas only burns safely and in an environmentally friendly manner if the mixing ratio of air to combustible gas (the lambda air ratio) is in an ignitable and environmentally compatible range. If this is not the case, (partially) unburned combustible gas may escape into the environment, possibly including carbon monoxide and/or an ignitable mixture may even accumulate at an undesirable location, which may pose a risk of explosion. For this reason, special attention is paid to the formation of the mixture of ambient air and fuel gas.
  • a blower is first switched on, which directs a predeterminable air flow via a throttle point, in particular a Venturi nozzle, into a burner.
  • Combustion gas is added to this air flow at a combustion gas inlet, usually in front of or in the Venturi nozzle, which is done by opening a combustion gas shut-off valve and via a combustion gas control valve.
  • the fuel gas control valve closes if for some reason not enough air is conveyed because the reference pressure is then too low.
  • the control range is also left when the difference between the reference pressure and a supply pressure Pin of the fuel gas, the z. B. can be about 15 mbar [millibar], is too small, so the reference pressure is too large in relation.
  • This described pneumatic regulation thus depends, among other things, on the quality or type of measurement of the reference pressure.
  • the reference pressure formed in this way can become so high that it almost reaches the inlet pressure Pin of the fuel gas available at the fuel gas control valve (e.g. 15 mbar) and thus leaves the control range.
  • the flow of combustible gas mixed with the flow of air tends to zero and accordingly the burner cannot be supplied with enough combustible gas for combustion, which can lead to undesired consequences up to and including shutting down the system.
  • a fan generating an air flow which is fed to the burner via a throttle point, in particular a venturi nozzle, and fuel gas is added to the air flow before or in the throttle point via a fuel gas control valve
  • a reference pressure measuring point for taking a reference pressure between the blower and the throttle point is connected by means of a control line to the fuel gas control valve for forwarding the reference pressure, the reference pressure is taken in a pressure-reducing manner in an inlet preliminary stage.
  • the reference pressure is still proportional to the static pressure caused by the blower in front of the throttling point, but by using an inlet preliminary stage, the pressure is reduced somewhat and the disturbing influence of pressure losses in the downstream system is relatively reduced.
  • the preliminary inlet stage is directly upstream of the throttling point, of course in a streamlined manner, so that there are no unnecessary pressure losses at the connection point.
  • the preliminary inlet stage has a narrowed area in which the reference pressure is extracted by means of at least one pressure extraction opening. Since a flow becomes faster and the pressure lower in a narrowed area through which flow occurs, the desired reduction in the reference pressure can be achieved , since the reduced reference pressure is almost exclusively dependent on the static part of the air flow generated by the blower.
  • Two or more pressure tapping openings are particularly advantageously arranged in the narrowed area and connected to one another to form a reference pressure measuring point. This can be achieved, for example, in that all pressure tapping openings open into an annular space around the narrowed area, from which the reference pressure is then also tapped.
  • the invention also provides an arrangement for the pneumatic formation of a mixture for a burner for the combustion of fuel gas with ambient air, with a fan being present for generating an air flow which is fed to the burner via a throttle point, in particular a Venturi nozzle, with upstream or in the Throttle point can be mixed with a fuel gas control valve fuel gas, further a reference pressure measuring point between fan and throttle point is present, which is about a control line is connected to the fuel gas control valve and the reference pressure measuring point is arranged in an inlet preliminary stage influencing the air flow upstream of the throttle point.
  • the reference pressure measuring point is not arranged at a point with a flow that is as uniform as possible, as was customary up to now, but in an inlet preliminary stage that changes the flow.
  • the reference pressure measuring point it is important that the presence of the preliminary inlet stage allows the reference pressure measuring point to be located in an area in which the pressure is lower than that of the undisturbed flow.
  • There are many designs that locally reduce the pressure e.g. B. throttle points, nozzles, venturi nozzles etc.
  • the inlet preliminary stage is therefore preferably designed in such a way that a reduced reference pressure can be taken at the reference pressure measuring point, which is then fed to the fuel control valve. This is calibrated accordingly for the changed pressure range of the reference pressure, which, however, still has the desired proportionality to the air flow, so that the desired amount of fuel continues to be mixed with the air flow.
  • the condition Pout Pref is thereby modified so that in general Pout > Pref applies, since Pout should remain the same but Pref decreases.
  • the preliminary inlet stage has a narrowed area in which there is at least one pressure tapping opening which is connected to the reference pressure measuring point.
  • pressure tapping openings have mostly been bores, but other shapes can also be produced with modern production techniques. It is only important that the pressure of the flow can be reliably taken at the opening.
  • each pressure tap opening has a chamfer at least on a downstream edge. This is particularly beneficial when no laminar flow develops in the constricted area, which is to be expected. A chamfer on each inflow edge can then help to avoid additional turbulence and pressure fluctuations. Since pressure tapping openings can also be located in regions running obliquely to the direction of flow (that is to say tapering conically), it is particularly advantageous to bevel at least the inner edges of the pressure tapping openings located downstream. However, the entire edges can also be chamfered.
  • the preliminary inlet stage is preferably arranged directly upstream of the throttling point and forms a nozzle or venturi nozzle through the narrowed area, to which the throttling point is connected in a flow-optimal manner.
  • the combination of preliminary inlet stage and throttling point can be built in a compact manner and with little disruption to the flow. It is also possible to integrate both into one component.
  • the invention also relates to a preliminary inlet stage for a burner, the preliminary inlet stage having a narrowed area from which at least one pressure tapping opening branches off and is connected to a reference pressure measuring point.
  • the constricted area can exhibit a reduction in the cross-sectional area available for air flow by 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 20%.
  • Such an inlet preliminary stage can be easily retrofitted or integrated into new systems and allows a reduced reference pressure, which is not disturbed by subsequent pressure losses in a system, to be taken, with which a fuel gas control valve can be reliably controlled.
  • FIG 1 shows schematically an arrangement according to the invention, namely a heating device 1 with its details that are essential for understanding the invention.
  • a blower 2 sucks in ambient air via an air intake pipe 4 and guides it to a burner 3. Behind the blower 2 and in front of the burner 3, the air flows through a throttle point 6, in particular in the form of a Venturi nozzle, in which combustible gas is mixed with the air flow.
  • This passes via a fuel gas shut-off valve 5 from a supply line with the supply pressure Pin to a fuel gas control valve 9 and from there with an outlet pressure Pout to the throttle point 6.
  • the fuel gas control valve 9 is connected to a reference pressure measuring point 13 via a control line 14.
  • a control unit 7 controls and regulates the processes taking place in the heater via signal lines (not shown). Flames emerging from the burner 3 heat a heat exchanger 11 via a heat exchanger 11, a heating circuit and/or service water circuit not shown here. Any exhaust gases are discharged into the environment via an exhaust duct 10 .
  • the reference pressure Pref is simply taken between the blower 2 and the throttle point 6 , according to the invention this is done in a preliminary inlet stage 8 which has a narrowed area 16 .
  • the reference pressure Pref is removed there via at least one pressure removal opening 12 . This is lower because of the faster flow in the narrowed area 16 .
  • different conditions in the burner 3 and/or the exhaust gas duct 10 (or different ambient conditions or different outputs of the burner) lead to pressure losses, which, however, can no longer lead to unfavorable consequences due to the effect of the narrowed area 16 and the resulting lower reference pressure Pref.
  • the lower reference pressure Pref can be compensated for by calibrating the fuel gas control valve 9 accordingly. However, there is no longer a risk that the reference pressure Pref will come close to the supply pressure Pin of the fuel gas, which is why an insufficient supply of fuel gas is no longer to be feared even with relatively high pressure losses in the gas routing system 10 .
  • the design of the preliminary inlet stage 8 with one or more pressure tapping openings 12 leaves a great deal of design freedom.
  • two pressure tapping openings 12 are shown as an example, which open into an annular space and are connected to the reference pressure measuring point 13 via this.
  • the pressure tapping openings 12 are arranged in a narrowed area 16 in which the air stream flows faster.
  • the pressure tapping openings 12 can already be in a conical area that is still narrowing or in a cylindrical area that is already narrowed. In general, but especially in the first case, it is advantageous to provide the inner edges of the pressure tapping orifices 12 with a chamfer 15, at least in a downstream part.
  • the present invention makes it possible to obtain a reduced reference pressure for controlling the fuel gas supply in a heater, as a result of which pressure losses in the exhaust gas duct of the heater no longer have a negative effect and a reliable Control of a fuel gas control valve is possible even with changing pressure losses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP21186554.8A 2020-08-18 2021-07-20 Procédé et agencement de formation pneumatique d'un mélange dans un brûleur de prémélange Active EP3957910B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020121597.5A DE102020121597A1 (de) 2020-08-18 2020-08-18 Verfahren und Anordnung zur pneumatischen Gemischbildung bei einem Vormischbrenner

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3957910A1 true EP3957910A1 (fr) 2022-02-23
EP3957910B1 EP3957910B1 (fr) 2024-10-09

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EP21186554.8A Active EP3957910B1 (fr) 2020-08-18 2021-07-20 Procédé et agencement de formation pneumatique d'un mélange dans un brûleur de prémélange

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3957910B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114076312A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020121597A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023109554A1 (de) 2023-04-17 2024-10-17 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät mit pneumatischem Gas-Luftverbund und Verfahren zu Betreiben eines Heizgerätes
DE102023111435A1 (de) 2023-05-03 2024-11-07 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur Verhinderung von kritischen Betriebszuständen eines Heizgerätes mit pneumatischem Gas-Luftverbund, Heizgerät, Computerprogramm und computerlesbares Speichermedium
EP4729836A1 (fr) 2024-10-17 2026-04-22 Vaillant GmbH Procédé de mise en service d'un appareil de chauffage, appareil de chauffage et programme informatique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2024165267A (ja) * 2023-05-17 2024-11-28 株式会社ノーリツ 予混合装置およびこれを備えた燃焼装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2515314A1 (fr) * 1981-10-23 1983-04-29 Seccacier Procede et installation pour reguler le fonctionnement d'une chaudiere a gaz
EP0390964A2 (fr) * 1989-04-07 1990-10-10 Honeywell B.V. Dispositif de commande pour brûleur à gaz
EP0450173A1 (fr) * 1990-04-04 1991-10-09 Landis & Gyr Betriebs AG Dispositif de régulation de mélange pour des brûleurs à gaz à mélange
WO2002010648A1 (fr) * 2000-07-31 2002-02-07 Rational Ag Systeme de combustion pour un appareil de cuisson et appareil de cuisson pourvu d'un tel systeme de combustion

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JP3363256B2 (ja) * 1994-06-02 2003-01-08 東京瓦斯株式会社 フルイディック式ガスメータ用圧力変動除去装置
JP3144359B2 (ja) * 1997-09-30 2001-03-12 三浦工業株式会社 予混合式ガスバーナの燃料ガス量制御装置
IT248929Y1 (it) * 1999-03-23 2003-03-06 L N Di Natalini Lino & C S R L Venturimetro per caldaie a gas a combustione stagna, corredato di ungrano di taratura
DE102009037890B4 (de) 2009-08-18 2013-07-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Einstellen eines Ausgangsdrucks eines Brenngasvolumenstromes, Verfahren zum Einstellen eines Ausgangsdrucks sowie Verwendung der Vorrichtung in einer Brenngas-Luft-Mischeinrichtung für ein Verbrennungssystem
CN201664585U (zh) * 2010-03-12 2010-12-08 重庆欣欣向荣精细化工有限公司 用于乙基香兰素氧化塔的气液混合喷射器
US9746176B2 (en) * 2014-06-04 2017-08-29 Lochinvar, Llc Modulating burner with venturi damper
HUE046690T2 (hu) 2016-09-30 2020-03-30 Siemens Ag Égetõberendezés égõvel és turbulens áramlásokhoz átfolyásmérõ egységgel
JP6551375B2 (ja) * 2016-12-07 2019-07-31 トヨタ自動車株式会社 水素ガスバーナ構造およびこれを備えた水素ガスバーナ装置
JP6756636B2 (ja) * 2017-02-16 2020-09-16 パーパス株式会社 予混合装置、熱源装置および給湯装置
JP2019174040A (ja) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-10 株式会社サムソン 空燃比例制御予混合ガスバーナ

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2515314A1 (fr) * 1981-10-23 1983-04-29 Seccacier Procede et installation pour reguler le fonctionnement d'une chaudiere a gaz
EP0390964A2 (fr) * 1989-04-07 1990-10-10 Honeywell B.V. Dispositif de commande pour brûleur à gaz
EP0450173A1 (fr) * 1990-04-04 1991-10-09 Landis & Gyr Betriebs AG Dispositif de régulation de mélange pour des brûleurs à gaz à mélange
WO2002010648A1 (fr) * 2000-07-31 2002-02-07 Rational Ag Systeme de combustion pour un appareil de cuisson et appareil de cuisson pourvu d'un tel systeme de combustion

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023109554A1 (de) 2023-04-17 2024-10-17 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät mit pneumatischem Gas-Luftverbund und Verfahren zu Betreiben eines Heizgerätes
EP4450874A1 (fr) 2023-04-17 2024-10-23 Vaillant GmbH Appareil de chauffage avec un assemblage air-gaz pneumatique et procédé pour faire fonctionner un appareil de chauffage
DE102023111435A1 (de) 2023-05-03 2024-11-07 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur Verhinderung von kritischen Betriebszuständen eines Heizgerätes mit pneumatischem Gas-Luftverbund, Heizgerät, Computerprogramm und computerlesbares Speichermedium
EP4729836A1 (fr) 2024-10-17 2026-04-22 Vaillant GmbH Procédé de mise en service d'un appareil de chauffage, appareil de chauffage et programme informatique
DE102024130171A1 (de) 2024-10-17 2026-04-23 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme eines Heizgerätes, Heizgerät und Computerprogramm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114076312A (zh) 2022-02-22
DE102020121597A1 (de) 2022-02-24
EP3957910B1 (fr) 2024-10-09

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