EP3976881B1 - Procédé de revêtement de substrats et substrats revêtus - Google Patents

Procédé de revêtement de substrats et substrats revêtus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3976881B1
EP3976881B1 EP20728713.7A EP20728713A EP3976881B1 EP 3976881 B1 EP3976881 B1 EP 3976881B1 EP 20728713 A EP20728713 A EP 20728713A EP 3976881 B1 EP3976881 B1 EP 3976881B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
substrate
coating
preparation
printed
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EP20728713.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3976881A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Eladio LUDWIG
Roland Rüedi
Dieter WYLER
Dirk Schlatterbeck
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Actega Schmid Rhyner AG
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Actega Schmid Rhyner AG
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Publication of EP3976881A1 publication Critical patent/EP3976881A1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/80—Paper comprising more than one coating
    • D21H19/82—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0011—Pre-treatment or treatment during printing of the recording material, e.g. heating, irradiating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/80—Paper comprising more than one coating
    • D21H19/82—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed
    • D21H19/824—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed two superposed coatings, both being non-pigmented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
    • B41M5/506—Intermediate layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
    • B41M5/508—Supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5209—Coatings prepared by radiation-curing, e.g. using photopolymerisable compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5254—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5263—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5263—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B41M5/5272—Polyesters; Polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5263—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B41M5/5281—Polyurethanes or polyureas

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to a method for coating substrates to produce coatings with high surface qualities, as well as correspondingly coated substrates.
  • the invention relates to a method for coating substrates with incompletely closed surfaces using ink-jet processes, as well as correspondingly coated substrates.
  • Printed products are often coated with one or more layers of varnish.
  • the varnish layers ensure a high-quality visual and tactile impression.
  • Paper is made from textile and plant fibers, possibly with additional sizing.
  • the fibers absorb liquids (e.g. ink). Sizing reduces the absorbency but does not completely eliminate it. Paper can therefore absorb liquids, such as printing ink, to a certain extent. This has a negative effect on the quality of the print image of a corresponding print.
  • so-called coated substrates are used for high-quality prints, such as art paper.
  • Coated substrates are papers or cardboard whose surface is provided with a highly filled binder layer.
  • This coating also known as a coating, can be single or multi-layered and reduces the penetration of the printing ink into the surface of the substrate and smoothes the surface of the paper or cardboard by filling the depressions between the fibers.
  • the Coating slip contains inorganic particles as fillers in an organic binder. Due to the high filling level of the paper coating, the particles in the layer are not completely covered by the binder. Due to drying and the associated reduction in volume of the coating, the particles can protrude far from the surface. With matt-coated substrates, the proportion of protruding particles is greater than with glossy-coated types. The highest gloss is so-called cast-coated paper or cardboard. Here the binder itself is very shiny. Nevertheless, even with cast-coated paper, the particles on the surface are not all completely covered.
  • undercuts can form due to the particulate structure of the coating composition, where the particle surface is not completely surrounded by binder.
  • the undercuts therefore form cavities within the layer when viewed vertically from above.
  • cavities can form due to incomplete coverage of substrate pores.
  • These cavities are not completely filled with ink or varnish during printing and varnishing processes. Instead, they are completely or partially covered by layers of ink or varnish during application. During drying, they can partially open again due to the volume reduction of the binder in the ink or varnish or simply due to the layer tearing.
  • all printing processes generally do not produce a completely pore-free layer, so the cavities mentioned are to be expected.
  • Another method for applying a coating layer to coated substrates involves laminating the substrate with a plastic film. This largely covers the undercuts and creates a surface coating that is largely free of visually noticeable defects. If pores remain between the film and the substrate or if larger particles are incorporated into the adhesive layer beneath the film, these defects are clearly visible even when the film is laminated. In addition, a special laminating device is required for film lamination. Another disadvantage is that the applied film typically has a thickness of at least 10 ⁇ m. The comparatively thick coating produced with these films has a strong influence on the properties of the substrate, in particular its haptic properties. Another possibility of producing a defect-free paint layer without pinholes on painted substrates is described in the patent application DE 102 007 034 877 A1 described.
  • a coating compound is first applied to the substrate using inkjet printing and the coated surface is then treated with an air squeegee. This causes the coating compound to be deflected laterally to a minimal extent. This leads to the air hose of the crater breaking off in the pinholes and the crater filling up with coating compound from below. This closes the pinholes. After the pinholes have been removed, the coating compound is then hardened to form a paint. However, this requires a special device.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method that enables the coating, in particular coating by means of inkjet printing, of a substrate to produce coatings with a high surface quality regardless of its surface structure and quality. Furthermore, a further object of the invention is to provide a preparation and a correspondingly coated printed product with a high surface quality.
  • the layer cured in step c) has a layer thickness in the range of 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • This layer thickness ensures that the coating is thick enough so that undercuts and pores are covered and do not transfer to the paint layer applied in the following step d).
  • the original substrate properties are replaced by the corresponding properties of the sealing layer. This enables reproducible coating properties regardless of the respective substrate.
  • the first layer cured in step c) is therefore also referred to below as the sealing layer.
  • printing takes place on the substrate provided with the first layer before step d).
  • One embodiment of this further development provides that printing takes place on the hardened first layer, i.e. after step c).
  • the substrate can also be printed after step b).
  • the first layer is hardened after printing in step c). In this way, the first layer and the print layer can be hardened together.
  • the second layer is applied by means of inkjet printing.
  • a closed surface is understood to mean in particular a surface which has a pinhole density of less than 10 pinholes per dm 2 , preferably of a maximum of 2 pinholes per dm 2 , particularly preferably a maximum of 1 pinhole per dm 2 .
  • the pinholes can be seen with the naked eye and otherwise significantly disrupt the printed image. For a really high-quality print, as is expected in the area of luxury packaging, for example, no disruptions whatsoever must be visible on the lacquer surfaces.
  • the number of pinholes depends on the substrate and the layer thickness. When painting coated substrates without the sealing layer according to the invention, the number of pinholes decreases with the layer thickness of the paint layer. However, a reduction in the number of pinholes is not always associated with an improvement in the visual impression, since the diameter of the pinholes also influences their visibility. In the range up to approx. 4 ⁇ m layer thickness, the diameter of the pinholes is very small. They give the visual impression of no particles, which makes the resulting layer appear somewhat matt. Between 6-12 ⁇ m, the pinholes are very clearly visible. Although the number of pinholes decreases with higher layer thicknesses, the enlargement of the craters at higher layer thicknesses means that the remaining pinholes disrupt the appearance much more. The pinholes only disappear completely from layer thicknesses of around 20 ⁇ m (substrate dependent).
  • the thickness of the sealing layer is so small that the haptic properties of the substrate are not, or at least not significantly, influenced by the sealing layer.
  • a substrate coated with a sealing layer according to the invention can still be identified as paper in terms of its feel.
  • the haptic properties of the plastic coating generally dominate.
  • a sealing layer thickness in the range of 1 to 5 ⁇ m and in particular 2 to 3 ⁇ m has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the sealing layer can also be designed to be not only haptically but also visually inconspicuous.
  • the sealing layer has a Embodiment has a high level of transparency and no or only a slight inherent color.
  • the sealing layer causes no or only a very slight color shift of the underlying substrate, so that the optical appearance of the substrate is not influenced by the sealing layer or is only influenced to a very small extent.
  • This can be particularly advantageous in embodiments in which the second layer is designed as a transparent lacquer layer and/or in embodiments in which the second layer is laterally structured and thus only applied to partial areas of the substrate provided with the sealing layer.
  • the substrate quality is such that the coating quality described above cannot be achieved with the layer thicknesses mentioned, it may also be necessary to increase the thickness of the sealing layer. Economically, this can still represent a significant advantage over lamination, as poorer substrate qualities can be subjected to high-quality finishing, even if the haptic properties of the substrate are significantly changed, particularly when using radiation-curing sealing layers.
  • the invention provides that in a step preceding step a), a coating is applied to at least one surface of the printing substrate provided in step a).
  • a coating is understood here to mean a coating mass with a high proportion of inorganic, particulate fillers in an organic binder.
  • the substrate provided in step a) is a coated paper or a coated cardboard.
  • the substrate provided in step a) is an uncoated paper or an uncoated cardboard.
  • Such substrates have open surfaces. These are characterized by a high porosity and can therefore absorb liquids to a certain degree.
  • uncoated paper and cardboard are only suitable to a limited extent as substrates for inkjet printing processes, in particular with UV-curable printing inks.
  • the sealing layer according to the invention on the other hand, completely covers the pores and thus closes the surface.
  • the sealing layer also provides a surface with homogeneous surface properties such as a homogeneous surface tension.
  • a substrate is printed with offset printing inks
  • the areas with the hydrophobic offset printing inks have a completely different surface tension than the unprinted substrate.
  • the transition between the unprinted and printed areas is painted, particularly using the inkjet process, the flow of the paint on the unprinted substrate will differ from that on the printing ink, resulting in a step in the paint image at the transition. This effect can also impair the painting results on surfaces that are already closed.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore also suitable for coating substrates with closed surfaces such as plastics.
  • the required layer thickness is significantly smaller and can be less than 1 ⁇ m, since no structures on the substrate surface such as pores or undercuts need to be covered and closed by the sealing layer.
  • the curing or crosslinking of the first layer in step c) is carried out by UV radiation or electron beam.
  • the advantage of radiation-curing formulations is the possibility of dispensing with solvents. Therefore, in the case of radiation-curing formulations, the first layer only exhibits a very slight volume shrinkage during curing. The volume reduction is only due to the polymerization shrinkage during crosslinking. Due to the low volume or mass loss due to the curing process in step c), the layer thickness of the first layer applied in step b) is not or not significantly reduced in the process according to the invention. This ensures that the undercuts covered by the first layer applied in step b) are not opened again during the curing process.
  • the substrate is provided with a hardened first layer as a sealing layer before the painting step d), which covers the undercuts and pores in substrates.
  • the sealing layer provides a closed surface, which due to its Layer properties such as roughness, homogeneity, surface tension or polarity can be printed very well.
  • this can be coated using inkjet printing.
  • the hardened first layer "neutralizes" the surface of the substrate to a certain extent.
  • first layer or sealing layer is applied in a laterally structured manner to the surface of the substrate provided in step a). This is understood in particular to mean that only partial areas of the substrate surface are coated with the sealing layer. According to this further development, in step d), the second layer is only applied to partial areas of the sealing layer.
  • the formulation applied in step d) is preferably applied to the first layer using inkjet printing.
  • Inkjet printing is a flexible and cost-effective coating method.
  • the applied preparation can be applied in a laterally structured manner and the substrate can thus only be coated in certain surface areas without the need for special printing forms.
  • the preparation preferably contains monomers, oligomers and/or prepolymers with at least one crosslinkable group. Acrylates, methacrylates or epoxides have proven to be particularly advantageous as crosslinkable groups. Vinyl esters are also suitable for this application.
  • the crosslinking of the crosslinkable groups and thus the crosslinking of the second layer preferably takes place in a step following step d).
  • the crosslinking of the second layer can take place by UV radiation, electron beam or thermal treatment.
  • the hardened second layer represents the lacquer layer.
  • the lacquer layer can be designed as a matt lacquer or a gloss lacquer.
  • the first layer is obtained according to one embodiment of the invention by depositing a preparation.
  • the preparation for producing the first layer contains at least one monomer, oligomer or prepolymer with at least one crosslinkable functional group and a reactive diluent.
  • Monomer, oligomer and prepolymers each contain at least one crosslinkable functional group, which is crosslinked in step c).
  • the viscosity of the preparation can be adjusted to the coating process used in step b).
  • the preparation can be applied in step b) in particular by a flexographic printing process, a screen printing process, by gravure printing, with a roller or by doctoring.
  • the preparation is applied evenly to the surface of the substrate.
  • the entire surface of the substrate is provided with the coating in step b). In this case, surface structures such as undercuts in the substrate are completely covered by the coating preparation.
  • the first layer deposited in step b) contains a reactive thinner as a solvent, which is incorporated into the polymer network and thus remains in the layer unlike a conventional solvent, only a very small reduction in volume occurs during crosslinking. This ensures that even after curing, the entire surface of the substrate coated in step b) is covered with the cured sealing layer.
  • a reactive thinner i.e. a solvent which is incorporated into the polymer network during curing and thus remains in the layer, can prevent cracking or renewed exposure of the undercuts.
  • the layer deposited in step b) can also be compacted and smoothed by a calendering process.
  • a thermoplastic lacquer system is applied to the substrate surface, hardened by drying and then compacted using a polished stainless steel calender.
  • the lacquer optionally also contains a crosslinkable group, so that in step c) of the method according to the invention, the first layer deposited in step b) is also cured in this variant of the invention. The thermoplasticity of the layer is thereby reduced.
  • the lacquer systems used to produce the lacquer layer calendered in step b) can contain organic solvents or water or be radiation-curing.
  • the use of hybrid lacquers, also known as dual-cure lacquers, has proven to be particularly advantageous. These lacquer systems are water-based, but also contain binders with unsaturated, cross-linkable acrylate groups.
  • step b) after the coating mass has been applied, water and volatile solvents are removed by drying.
  • the lacquer obtained has a high thermoplasticity and can therefore be easily calendered in step b).
  • UV curing then takes place by cross-linking the acrylate groups.
  • the first deposited layer already has a sufficiently high mechanical stability before UV curing, so that it can be printed using an inkjet process without the undercuts opening during the printing process. Intermediate UV drying before a further coating step is therefore not absolutely necessary.
  • the UV curing of the first deposited layer can therefore take place together with the curing of the second deposited layer.
  • step d) therefore takes place before step c).
  • Substrates with calender varnishes as a sealing layer have particularly smooth surfaces.
  • the surface of the substrates treated in this way is so smooth that when the surface is mirrored, the viewer's reflection is clearly visible and is not distorted too much by surface undulation.
  • coated substrates are therefore particularly suitable for the application of coatings in the form of paints or varnishes where particularly sharp contours and high brilliance are important.
  • the second layer deposited in step d) contains so-called VMP paints, i.e. paints based on vacuum-metallized pigments. This can be, for example, a printing ink that develops a high metallic gloss after printing.
  • the pigments are in platelet form as so-called flakes.
  • a uniform alignment of the platelets leads to a high brilliance of the surface created with the ink.
  • the uniform alignment of the pigments is promoted by a very smooth surface.
  • the The layer deposited in step d) has a mirror effect.
  • the correspondingly coated substrates are suitable, for example, as a replacement for vacuum-metallized films, which achieve a high metallic gloss. If the same printing ink is applied to a substrate with only the sealing layer described above without calendering, the unevenness of the substrate results in a shiny but uneven layer in which the mirror image is slightly distorted.
  • step d) is an adhesive which, when subsequently calendered with a suitable embossing foil, receives a metallically shiny surface.
  • step b) a hybrid varnish is deposited as the first layer using a slot die or a so-called Mayer bar.
  • the hybrid varnish can also be applied to the substrate provided in step a) using a roller doctor process. This also produces extremely smooth surfaces.
  • the preparation applied in step b) may comprise isocyanate-crosslinking systems, polyurethanes, epoxy systems, acrylates, methacrylates, polyvinyl ethers, maleic and fumaric acid-based polyesters, styrene compounds or silicone acrylates.
  • step b) the preparation for producing the first layer can be applied to the substrate provided in step a) in particular by a flexographic printing process, a screen printing process, by gravure printing, with a roller, by doctoring, with a Mayer bar, with a slot nozzle or by curtain coating.
  • the layer deposited in step b) can also be a full-surface roller coating.
  • the preparation for producing the first layer additionally contains organic or inorganic particles.
  • the preparation has in particular a solids content in the range of 2 to 40 wt. %, preferably in the range of 5 to 25 wt. %.
  • the preparation contains polymer particles made of polyolefins, polyacrylates, polyamides and the like, talcum particles, silicate particles and/or carbonate particles, in particular talcum particles.
  • the particles have a matting Effect, so that the sealing layer produced from the corresponding one has a low degree of gloss.
  • the corresponding sealing layers have a particularly homogeneous and closed surface.
  • inorganic particles inorganic particles and the liquid, UV-curable components of the preparation.
  • the inorganic particles in the preparation lead to an increase in the structural viscosity.
  • the particles increase the cohesive forces within the preparation.
  • the closed surface of the film is no longer opened or only opened to a small extent during the application process. Accordingly, surface defects and undercuts on the substrate surface are almost completely covered.
  • preparations with inorganic particles form particularly stable films, the function of the sealing layer according to the invention is guaranteed even with very small layer thicknesses. Due to the increased structural viscosity, the corresponding preparations are particularly suitable for application processes in which the film is exposed to high adhesion forces, such as the flexographic printing process.
  • the invention further relates to a printed product comprising a substrate with a first and a second layer, the first and second layers comprising an organic, cross-linked varnish and having a closed surface.
  • the first layer also referred to below as the sealing layer, is transparent and preferably colorless. It is therefore visually inconspicuous and does not influence the optical appearance of the substrate or only influences it to a small extent.
  • the layer thickness of the sealing layer is in the range from 1 to 10 ⁇ m. This at least partially levels out unevenness and undercuts or pores in the substrate are covered or concealed by the material of the sealing layer and thus compensated. At the same time, the haptic properties of the substrate are largely retained.
  • the cured sealing layer has a layer thickness in the range from 1 to 5 ⁇ m, particularly preferably in the range from 2 to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the second layer is applied to the sealing layer so that the second layer is separated from the substrate surface by the sealing layer.
  • the second layer therefore has no contact with the substrate surface.
  • the second layer can cover the entire Cover the surface of the sealing layer.
  • the second layer can also be arranged only in certain areas, ie laterally structured on the surface of the sealing layer.
  • the first layer contains a polymer layer crosslinked by radiation curing, an isocyanate-crosslinking system, a polyurethane, an epoxy system, an acrylate, a methacrylate, a polyvinyl ether, a polyester based on maleic and fumaric acid, styrene compounds and/or silicone acrylates.
  • the second layer is a digital print applied using an inkjet process.
  • the second layer preferably has a defect-free surface, whereby a defect-free surface is understood to mean in particular a surface with a pinhole density of less than 10 pinholes per dm 2 , preferably of at most 2 pinholes per dm 2 and particularly preferably at most 1 pinhole per dm 2 .
  • the pinholes can be seen with the naked eye and otherwise significantly disrupt the printed image. For a really high-quality print, as is expected in the area of luxury packaging, for example, no defects whatsoever must be visible on the lacquer surfaces.
  • the first and second layers are applied to the substrate in a laterally structured manner, with the second layer being arranged on the entire surface of the sealing layer.
  • the second layer forms a continuous area with a closed surface at least on a partial area of the substrate provided with the sealing layer, with preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 70% of the total surface areas covered with the second layer forming a common, continuous area.
  • the second layer is applied in a laterally structured manner to parts of the first layer.
  • the second layer can be applied to the first layer in the form of lines, letters and/or symbols.
  • the corresponding printed image of the second layer preferably has a minimum line width of more than 1 mm, preferably more than 2 mm.
  • Another embodiment provides that the second layer is arranged laterally structured on the first layer and that the first and second layers differ in their degree of gloss. This makes it possible to achieve gloss and matt effects on individual areas of the printed product. Both variants are common here. Either the first layer has a higher degree of gloss than the second or vice versa.
  • the substrate has a binder-containing, particulate coating on at least one surface and the first layer is applied to the binder-containing particulate coating.
  • the substrate in this embodiment preferably comprises a coated paper or a coated cardboard.
  • the substrate is uncoated paper or uncoated cardboard.
  • Fig.1 The surface of a coated paper 1 is shown schematically.
  • the paper surface 2 is coated with a so-called coating 3.
  • the coating 3 comprises particulate, inorganic fillers 4, which are deposited on the paper surface 2 and held together by an organic binding agent layer 5.
  • the paper surface 2 is not smooth, but has unevenness.
  • so-called undercuts 6 are formed, which also cannot be filled with the binding agent 5.
  • Fig.2 schematically shows the Fig.1 shown, which has been provided with a primer coating compound 15.
  • a primer coating compound 15 This can be done, for example, by a flexographic printing process, a screen printing process, by gravure printing, with a roller or by doctoring or curtain coating.
  • the coating can also be a slot die coating or a Mayer bar coating.
  • the primer layer 15 is not yet dried and consists of a formulation that experiences a certain volume shrinkage during drying/curing. The not yet dried layer covers the undercuts 6.
  • Fig.3 shows the corresponding primer layer 14, which is formed by drying the Fig.2 shown coating composition 15 was obtained. Due to the drying process and the associated loss of volume of the coating composition 15, the substrate surface is no longer completely covered by the primer 14 obtained by drying the coating composition 15. Furthermore, the drying process also reduces the layer thickness of the primer layer 14 over the undercuts 6, as a result of which the film no longer completely covers the undercuts.
  • a corresponding coated paper 1 is coated with a lacquer layer 7 using an inkjet process
  • channels to the defects are created at undercuts and cavities by the impact of the inkjet droplets. This is described in Fig.4 shown schematically and results in craters, so-called pinholes 8, forming in the deposited lacquer layer 7. These represent visually noticeable defects in the lacquer layer 7, so that the substrate 1 is not suitable for surface finishing by means of inkjet coating.
  • Fig.5 shows a coated paper 1, which has been provided with a primer layer 14 and then a lacquer layer 7 has been applied using an ink-jet process.
  • the primer layer 14 can be an aqueous primer, for example.
  • previously covered defects cf. Fig.2
  • pinholes 8 create pinholes 8 as defects in the paint layer 7 applied over the primer layer.
  • a substrate coated according to the invention is shown schematically as a first embodiment.
  • the lacquer layer 7 was also applied by means of inkjet printing, but the surface of the coated paper 1 is completely covered by a sealing layer 9.
  • the sealing layer 9 thus separates the surface of the coated paper 1 from the lacquer layer 7 and covers the cavities in the coated paper that are formed by undercuts 6. Because the undercuts are completely covered, no channels can form on undercuts during the inkjet coating of the sealing layer 9.
  • the lacquer layer 7 therefore has no craters or pinholes and is suitable for surface finishing.
  • the provided, coated substrate 1 is first provided with a coating compound.
  • a coating compound This can be done, for example, by a flexographic printing process, a screen printing process, by gravure printing, with a roller or by doctoring or curtain coating.
  • the coating can also be a slot die coating or a Mayer bar coating.
  • the coating compound contains crosslinkable functional groups. After the coating compound has been applied to the surface of the substrate 1, the crosslinking or curing of the coating compound takes place via the crosslinkable functional groups.
  • the crosslinkable groups are preferably radiation-curing, so that in step c) the crosslinking can take place with the aid of a UV lamp.
  • the cured sealing layer 9 thus represents an ideal surface for the inkjet printing process for depositing the lacquer layer 7.
  • Fig.7 an uncoated paper 2 is shown schematically, which has been provided with a lacquer layer 7.
  • the surface of the uncoated paper 2 is uneven and porous. This porosity means that part of the coating mass for producing the lacquer layer is absorbed by the paper during the period from application to curing of the coating mass through cross-linking or solvent loss. This causes the layer on the surface of the substrate to become increasingly thinner. Since the substrate surface has locally different absorption properties, the coating mass is absorbed to different degrees in the different areas of the substrate surface, so that the coating thickness varies across the substrate surface and the coating therefore appears spotty. The substrate 2 is therefore not suitable for surface finishing using inkjet processes.
  • Fig.8 shows a second embodiment of a printed product according to the invention, wherein the substrate as in Fig.3 an uncoated paper 6. Between the lacquer layer 7 and the paper surface there is also a sealing layer 9 which seals the paper surface and has a closed, homogeneous surface. The lacquer layer 7 therefore also has a low roughness and a homogeneous, closed surface.
  • Embodiments with particularly smooth sealing layers 13 are shown schematically. These sealing layers 17 are applied analogously to the Figures 6 and 8 shown sealing layers 9 are applied. However, the coating compositions applied in this way have greater layer thicknesses. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the coating composition in these embodiments comprises so-called dual-cure coating preparations. These coating preparations are water-based and additionally contain radiation-curable functional groups. After the application of the In this further development of the invention, a drying step is carried out after the coating preparation on the substrate 1. The layer thus obtained is thermoplastic and forms, as in Fig.6 shown sealing layer 9, at least partially covers the unevenness of the substrate surface.
  • the dried layer is compacted and smoothed by calendering.
  • the layer is compacted using a polished stainless steel calender.
  • the calendered layer 13 obtained in this way thus has a closed surface with low surface roughness and sufficiently high mechanical stability for the subsequent finishing, even without further cross-linking of the functional groups.
  • the lacquer layer 7 shown was applied by inkjet to the very smooth layer 13, which was made by calendering.
  • the surface quality obtained is characterized by the fact that the substrate irregularities are almost completely evened out by calendering, thus forming an extremely smooth lacquer surface.
  • UV radiation By curing the lacquer layer 7 by UV radiation, the non-crosslinked radiation-curable functional groups remaining in the calendered layer 13 are also crosslinked.
  • Fig. 11 shows an embodiment in which the lacquer layer 16 contains platelet-shaped metal pigments (VMP colors). Due to the very smooth surface of the calendered sealing layer 13, these can align parallel or at least largely parallel to the substrate surface, so that a very good mirror effect can be achieved without distortions due to the substrate unevenness.
  • VMP colors platelet-shaped metal pigments
  • Both Fig. 12 to Fig. 14 are microscope images with 12x magnification with coaxial incident light of various flat coating patterns applied with inkjet varnish on cardboard substrates.
  • the Fig. 12 to 13 The samples shown have the same substrate 1 and the same composition of the lacquer layer 7 and differ in the pretreatment of the substrate before inkjet coating to produce the lacquer layer 7.
  • the lacquer layer 7 was applied laterally structured so that the area 17 was the untreated ( Fig. 12 ) or pre-treated ( Fig. 13 to 14 ) substrate without resist layer 7.
  • the samples shown here represent comparison samples, whereby the substrate 1 in Fig. 12 was not pre-treated before the painting process.
  • Fig. 13 and Fig.14 The samples shown are two embodiments of the printed product according to the invention. In both cases, a sealing layer 9 was applied before the varnishing process.
  • the Fig. 12 The sample shown here has a sealing layer 9 with a layer thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m, the layer thickness of the sealing layer of the Fig. 13 The sample shown is 4.5 ⁇ m.
  • Fig. 12 shown areas 17 have a high surface roughness
  • the surface is sealed by the sealing layer of the Fig. 13 and Fig. 14
  • the samples shown are smoothed.
  • the Fig. 11 to Fig. 14 the influence of a sealing layer on the pinhole density in the paint layer.
  • the pinholes 8 are visible in the figures as dark, point-shaped defects.
  • the pinhole density ie the average number of pinholes 8 per cm 2 coating area, decreases from Fig. 11 to Fig. 14
  • the highest pinhole density of approx. 2000/cm 2 is shown by the lacquer layer 7 applied directly to the untreated substrate 1 ( Fig. 11 ) (at a layer thickness of 8g/m 2 ).
  • the pinholes 8 are created by not covering or opening undercuts and pores during the inkjet printing process. Even a primer layer 18, which was created by applying a corresponding aqueous coating preparation to the substrate 1 (layer thickness approx. 1g/m 2 dry), cannot effectively prevent the formation of pinholes 8, since the high volume or mass loss of the coating compound during the drying process partially exposes the undercuts and pores again. In contrast, the primer layers 18 in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 shown embodiments have significantly lower pinhole densities of 25/cm 2 ( Fig. 12 ) or ⁇ 1/cm 2 ( Fig. 13 ). This is due to the sealing layer 9 according to the invention, by means of which undercuts and pores of the substrate 1 are permanently covered. This advantageous effect of the sealing layer 9 depends on its layer thickness and increases with increasing layer thickness.

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un produit d'impression comprenant au moins les étapes de procédé suivantes a) à d)
    a) la fourniture d'un substrat d'impression (1, 2), dans lequel le substrat d'impression (1, 2) est un papier ou un carton,
    b) l'application d'une préparation pour fabriquer une première couche en tant que couche de scellement (9) sur au moins une surface du substrat (1, 2), dans lequel la préparation pour la fabrication de la première couche contient au moins un monomère, un oligomère, ou un prépolymère avec au moins un groupe fonctionnel réticulable et la préparation pour la fabrication de la première couche (9) comprend des moyens de revêtement du groupe avec les éléments systèmes de réticulation d'isocyanate, polyuréthanes, systèmes époxy, acrylates, méthacrylates, éthers de polyvinyle, polyesters à base d'acide maléique et fumarique, composés de styrène et acrylates de silicone,
    c) le durcissement de la couche (11) appliquée dans l'étape b), dans lequel la première couche (9) durcie présente une épaisseur de couche dans la plage de 1 à 10 um, et
    d) l'application d'une deuxième couche (7) sur la surface de la première couche (9) produite dans l'étape c), dans lequel la deuxième couche (7) appliquée dans l'étape d) présente dans les zones imprimées une surface fermée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel un enduit (3) est appliqué sur au moins une surface du substrat d'impression (2) fourni dans l'étape a) dans une étape située en amont de l'étape a), et le substrat (1) fourni dans l'étape a) est de manière préférée un papier couché ou un carton couché.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le substrat (2) fourni dans l'étape a) est un papier non couché ou un carton non couché.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la première couche (7) présente une épaisseur dans la plage de 1 à 5 um, de manière préférée de 2 à 3 µm.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la préparation pour la fabrication de la première couche contient au moins un monomère, ou un oligomère ou un prépolymère avec un groupe réticulable, et dans l'étape c) la couche de scellement est obtenue par réticulation des groupes fonctionnels, de manière préférée par rayonnement UV, faisceau électronique ou traitement thermique, et la préparation appliquée dans l'étape b) contient en tant que solvant de manière préférée un diluant réactif.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la couche séparée dans l'étape b) est durcie puis est calandrée avant l'étape d), dans lequel la couche durcie est thermoplastique, et dans lequel de manière préférée l'étape c) est effectuée après l'étape d) et dans l'étape c), la couche calandrée (13) est réticulée conjointement avec la couche séparée dans l'étape d).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel dans l'étape b), la préparation pour la fabrication de la première couche est appliquée sur le substrat (1, 2) fourni dans l'étape a) par un procédé d'impression par flexographie, un procédé de sérigraphie, par héliogravure, avec un rouleau, par dépôt à la racle, avec une barre Mayer, avec une buse à fente ou au moyen d'un coulage à rideau fendu ou la couche séparée dans l'étape b) est un revêtement au rouleau sur la totalité de la surface.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel dans l'étape d), une préparation est appliquée sur la première couche (9) au moyen d'une impression à jet d'encre, laquelle contient des monomères, des oligomères et/ou des prépolymères avec au moins un groupe réticulable.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel dans une étape située en aval de l'étape d), une réticulation de la couche séparée dans l'étape d) est effectuée.
  10. Produit d'impression comprenant un substrat (1, 2), une première couche (9) et une deuxième couche (8), dans lequel la première couche (9) et la deuxième couche (7) comprennent un vernis réticulé organique et présentent une surface fermée, et dans lequel la première couche (9) est transparente et présente une épaisseur de couche dans la plage de 1 à 10 um, et dans lequel la deuxième couche (7) est appliquée au moins par endroits sur la première couche (9) de telle sorte que la première couche (9) est disposée entre le substrat (1, 2) et la deuxième couche (7), dans lequel la deuxième couche (7) est une impression numérique appliquée de préférence au moyen d'un procédé par jet d'encre, et la deuxième couche (7) est séparée de la surface de substrat (1, 2) par la première couche (9) de telle sorte que la deuxième couche (7) n'a aucun contact avec le matériau de substrat, dans lequel le substrat (1, 2) comprend un papier ou un carton, et dans lequel la première couche (9) comprend un vernis réticulé organique composé d'un moyen de revêtement du groupe avec les éléments systèmes de réticulation d'isocyanate, polyuréthanes, systèmes époxy, acrylates, méthacrylates, éthers de polyvinyle, polyesters à base d'acide maléique et fumarique, composés de styrène et acrylates de silicone.
  11. Produit d'impression selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le substrat (1, 2) présente au moins sur une surface un revêtement (3) sous forme de particules contenant un liant et la première couche (9) est appliquée sur le revêtement (3) sous forme de particules contenant un liant, et le substrat (1) comprend de manière préférée un papier couché ou un carton couché.
  12. Produit d'impression selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 11, dans lequel la première couche (9) présente une épaisseur de couche dans la plage de 1 à 5 um, de manière préférée de 2 à 3 µm.
  13. Produit d'impression selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, dans lequel la deuxième couche (7) est appliquée et/ou est réticulée sur la première couche (9) de manière structurée latéralement.
  14. Produit d'impression selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, dans lequel la deuxième couche (7) présente une surface fermée et homogène, et/ou le produit d'impression présente une densité de trou minuscule < 30 /cm2, de manière préférée < 1 /cm2.
  15. Produit d'impression selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la première couche (9) et la deuxième couche (7) se distinguent dans leur degré de brillance, dans lequel la deuxième couche (7) présente de manière préférée un degré de brillance plus élevé que la première couche (9).
  16. Produit d'impression selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la première couche (9) contient des particules inorganiques ou organiques et/ou comprend un vernis de calandrage.
EP20728713.7A 2019-05-28 2020-05-25 Procédé de revêtement de substrats et substrats revêtus Active EP3976881B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102019114277.6A DE102019114277A1 (de) 2019-05-28 2019-05-28 Verfahren zur Lackierung von Substraten sowie lackierte Substrate
PCT/EP2020/064438 WO2020239692A1 (fr) 2019-05-28 2020-05-25 Procédé de laquage de substrats ainsi que substrat laqués

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EP3976881B1 true EP3976881B1 (fr) 2024-04-10

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EP (1) EP3976881B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114026288A (fr)
AU (1) AU2020286082B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019114277A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2978572T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020239692A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA202110226B (fr)

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DE102019114277A1 (de) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-03 Schmid Rhyner Ag Verfahren zur Lackierung von Substraten sowie lackierte Substrate
DE102021103564A1 (de) 2021-02-16 2022-08-18 Homag Gmbh Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Beschichten einer Oberfläche

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US6218004B1 (en) * 1995-04-06 2001-04-17 David G. Shaw Acrylate polymer coated sheet materials and method of production thereof
ID20411A (id) 1997-01-23 1998-12-10 Daicel Chem Bagian permukaan perekaman dan proses produksi daripadanya
KR100485996B1 (ko) 2000-08-25 2005-04-29 에스케이씨 주식회사 자외선 경화형 도포용 조성물 및 이를 채용한 광기록 매체
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EP1816001B1 (fr) * 2004-11-19 2012-06-13 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Support d'enregistrement à jet d'encre et son procédé de production
JP4842744B2 (ja) 2006-09-12 2011-12-21 関西ペイント株式会社 印刷物及びこの印刷物形成に用いられる下地形成用塗料
DE102007034877A1 (de) 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Schmid Rhyner Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftrag von Kunststoffbeschichtungen
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DE102019114277A1 (de) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-03 Schmid Rhyner Ag Verfahren zur Lackierung von Substraten sowie lackierte Substrate

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ES2978572T3 (es) 2024-09-16
BR112021022884A2 (pt) 2022-01-04
AU2020286082A1 (en) 2022-02-03
WO2020239692A1 (fr) 2020-12-03
AU2020286082B2 (en) 2025-10-16
US20220266615A1 (en) 2022-08-25
DE102019114277A1 (de) 2020-12-03
EP3976881A1 (fr) 2022-04-06
ZA202110226B (en) 2023-10-25
US12344020B2 (en) 2025-07-01
CN114026288A (zh) 2022-02-08

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