EP4013657A1 - Automatische luftkupplung für ein schienenfahrzeug - Google Patents
Automatische luftkupplung für ein schienenfahrzeugInfo
- Publication number
- EP4013657A1 EP4013657A1 EP20740155.5A EP20740155A EP4013657A1 EP 4013657 A1 EP4013657 A1 EP 4013657A1 EP 20740155 A EP20740155 A EP 20740155A EP 4013657 A1 EP4013657 A1 EP 4013657A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cam
- coupling
- flow channel
- air
- rail vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G5/00—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for
- B61G5/06—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for, or combined with, couplings or connectors for fluid conduits or electric cables
- B61G5/08—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for, or combined with, couplings or connectors for fluid conduits or electric cables for fluid conduits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G3/00—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements
- B61G3/16—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements with coupling heads rigidly connected by rotatable hook plates or discs and balancing links, the coupling members forming a parallelogram, e.g. "Scharfenberg" type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an automatic air coupling for a rail vehicle, the rail vehicle being designed in particular in the form of a freight car, in detail according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Automatic air couplings are conventionally used in rail vehicles intended for passenger traffic and are part of the automatic train coupling there.
- the automatic air coupling is used to couple the main air line between the individual rail vehicles of a train, that is, between the individual wagons, whereby wagons are both railcars and pulled / pushed wagons.
- the necessary air pressure must be built up in the main air line of the train in order to release the brakes of all coupled rail vehicles. Conversely, if the air pressure in the main air line falls, the respective rail vehicle is braked.
- the air coupling is automatically activated when two automatic train couplings are driven against each other and a secure mechanical connection is established between the train couplings.
- the mouthpiece of the respective air coupling is positioned centrally on the upper edge of the face plate and a flow channel for the compressed air, in which a valve is arranged, connects to the mouthpiece.
- the flow channel opens beyond the valve, as seen from the mouthpiece, in a compressed air nozzle to which a compressed air hose or a compressed air pipe of the corresponding rail vehicle can be connected in order to establish the connection to the brakes or to the other end of the rail vehicle and the air coupling provided there.
- the valve in the flow channel is actuated mechanically by the so-called coupling lock, more precisely by its main bolt, which is rotated by a so-called frog connected to it when the pulling couplings are moved against each other.
- the coupling lock more precisely by its main bolt, which is rotated by a so-called frog connected to it when the pulling couplings are moved against each other.
- Generic automatic air couplings have an extension of the coupling lock or the main pin, the extension in the form of a shaft can be connected to the coupling lock or the main pin in a rotationally fixed manner and is provided with a cam which, when the shaft is rotated, the valve in the sense of opening the flow channel operated during the coupling process. During the uncoupling process, the cam is rotated back with the shaft and releases the valve, which is then closed by the force of a spring accumulator and blocks the flow channel.
- valve The position of the valve or of a valve body of the valve which works together with a valve seat is thus dependent on the position of the coupling lock.
- the valve In the ready-to-couple position, the valve keeps the flow channel and thus the main air line closed. In the coupled position, the valve keeps the flow channel and thus the main air line open.
- Such automatic air couplings are not conventionally used in freight wagons. Rather, simple pipe sections are coupled here via seals on the face in order to connect the main air line of two rail vehicles to one another. This makes it possible to design such couplings and all of the main air lines with a particularly large flow cross section. The great length of trains with freight wagons is remarkable. If the clutch breaks, the pressure drop in the main air line must spread from vehicle to vehicle starting from the break point in order to brake all vehicles together. High demands are therefore placed on the speed of propagation, also known as the speed of penetration. In particular, according to railway standards, a minimum breakthrough speed of 250 meters per second is specified.
- DE 669444 A discloses an automatic coupling for vehicles, in which the flow channel between the mouthpiece and the compressed air connection has a fork in which a valve is installed, the drive of which is from a inner circumferential wall of the housing is completely enclosed, the inner circumferential wall in turn being completely enclosed in turn by an outer circumferential wall in order to form the flow channel.
- DE 102016 104 188 A1 discloses a device for activating at least one functional component of an automatic central buffer coupling, a shaft that can be rotated about an axis of rotation is provided with three cams, the first and second cams actuating valve assemblies and the third cam acting on the tappet of a position detection device and pushes this with its cam contour more or less into the housing of the position detection device depending on the rotational position.
- Two corresponding mechanical position detection devices can also be provided which are assigned to the same cam.
- US 4 892 204 A discloses a control device for a
- Rail vehicle coupling with a metal detector which is arranged in the upper area on the front of a faceplate in order to detect a coupling hook made of metal when it is inserted into the faceplate.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying an automatic air coupling for a rail vehicle, the automatic air coupling being easy to use, being robust at the same time, and in particular also meeting the requirement of air couplings for rail vehicles in the form of freight cars.
- the object according to the invention is achieved by an automatic air coupling with the features of claim 1.
- the dependent claims describe advantageous and particularly expedient embodiments of the invention and an automatic pull coupling with an automatic air coupling according to the invention.
- the automatic air coupling for a rail vehicle according to the present invention wherein the rail vehicle is designed in particular in the form of a freight wagon, has a mouthpiece for coupling the air coupling to an air coupling of the same type, in accordance with the generic design explained at the beginning, and also a compressed air connection for connecting the air coupling to a Rail vehicle compressed air system and a flow channel that connects the mouthpiece to the compressed air nozzle in a compressed air-conducting manner.
- a valve which comprises a valve body and a valve seat, is arranged in the flow channel.
- the valve body is movable between an open position, in which it at least largely or completely releases the flow channel, and a closed position, in which it closes the flow channel in a pressure-tight manner. In particular, a main air line, of which the flow channel forms a part, is blocked accordingly.
- a valve drive is assigned to the valve which acts at least indirectly on the valve body in order to move it from the open position into the closed position and / or from the closed position into the open position, that is to say to actuate it accordingly.
- the valve drive actively brings the valve body into the open position, whereas the valve body is moved into the closed position by the force of a spring accumulator, for example a compression spring.
- a spring accumulator for example a compression spring.
- the valve drive actively brings the valve body into the closed position and the valve body is brought into the open position by the force of a spring accumulator.
- the valve drive actively effects both movements, that is to say moving the valve body from the open position to the closed position and vice versa.
- the valve drive comprises a shaft that can be rotated about an axis of rotation, which is designed for a rotationally fixed connection to a rail vehicle coupling lock, in particular its main bolt, or which is formed by the rail vehicle coupling lock or its main bolt.
- the rotatable shaft is provided with at least one cam, which can be made integral with the shaft or rotatably mounted on the shaft. The at least one cam engages at least indirectly on the valve body to actuate it.
- At least one position sensor is provided in the area of the cam, which at least indirectly detects a rotational position of the cam.
- the at least one position sensor is designed as a contactless sensor.
- the at least one position sensor preferably has a mounting surface which faces the cam radially and at a distance with respect to the axis of rotation.
- the at least one position sensor By positioning the at least one position sensor directly in the area of the cam, for example in a common plane, in particular horizontal plane, with the cam, the application described above, especially in the case of a freight wagon, is also taken into account that a foreign body, for example bulk material, hits the air coupling from above falls and thus can jam the cam and / or damage the cam or its connection to the shaft. Situations are thus conceivable in which the shaft or the coupling lock or main bolt to which the shaft is connected is rotated, but the cam does not follow this rotation, which was previously not or not immediately detectable.
- the present invention thus increases the operational reliability of the air coupling.
- the arrangement of the at least one position sensor in the region of the cam also enables a particularly favorable design that is optimized in terms of space and good accessibility to the at least one position sensor.
- the inventive solution dispenses with this mechanical scanning, but retains the concept of the cam.
- the contactless juxtaposition of the at least one position sensor to the cam not only avoids the necessary mechanics and thus creates an extremely robust embodiment, but also avoids all unfavorable restoring forces on the valve drive.
- the air coupling comprises a housing which forms the flow channel and at the same time encloses the cam over its outer circumference at least in the circumferential direction to the axis of rotation.
- the at least one position sensor can then advantageously be carried by the housing, for example held in a bore in the housing.
- the at least one position sensor is inserted through the bore in the housing and screwed or otherwise fastened there. It is thus possible to dispense with separate support and fastening devices for the individual sensors on the coupling and complex alignment of the sensors with respect to the coupling actuation.
- the arrangement of the receiving devices for the sensors on the housing also enables them to be positioned as precisely as possible with respect to one another and with respect to the cams.
- the flow channel extends at least in sections in an arcuate manner in the circumferential direction and / or tangential direction to the axis of rotation.
- the mouthpiece and / or the compressed air nozzle can extend, for example, in the radial direction to the axis of rotation, i.e. the compressed air flow into or out of the mouthpiece initially takes place in the radial direction, then the compressed air flows through the flow channel in the circumferential direction and / or In the tangential direction and then the compressed air in the compressed air connection flows again in the radial direction, each related to the axis of rotation.
- the housing covers the cam and in particular the shaft at the end face to the axis of rotation.
- the cam and in particular the shaft are thus secured against falling foreign objects, for example bulk material. Additional shielding plates can advantageously be dispensed with.
- the position sensor is designed, for example, as an inductive sensor or as a capacitive sensor.
- other position sensors can also be considered, for example in the form of an optical sensor or a fall sensor.
- the shaft is provided with at least two cams positioned distributed over the circumference, of which the first cam is arranged to actuate the valve body and the second cam is designed as a position transmitter for the position sensor.
- the second cam should then rotate together with the first cam and is correspondingly at least indirectly connected to the first cam in a rotationally fixed manner or made in one piece with it.
- the housing has an outer circumferential wall and an inner circumferential wall viewed in a radial section through the axis of rotation.
- the inner circumferential wall separates a cam space, in which the at least one cam is positioned, from the flow channel.
- the outer circumferential wall delimits the flow channel and the cam space on the radially outer side in each case, based on the Axis of rotation, wherein the at least one position sensor is preferably arranged on a wall section of the outer circumferential wall which is diametrically opposite the inner circumferential wall relative to the axis of rotation.
- An automatic train coupling according to the invention for a rail vehicle which in turn is designed in particular in the form of a freight wagon, has at least one end plate which encloses mechanical coupling components such as a funnel and a cone.
- an air coupling of the type shown is provided, the mouthpiece preferably protruding from an end face of the end plate.
- the automatic pulling coupling has in particular the components shown at the beginning, such as a frog, at least one coupling eye, a coupling lock and / or a main bolt, with the shaft of the air coupling, as explained, being able to be connected thereto.
- FIG. 1 shows a radial section through the axis of rotation of an automatic air clutch designed according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a three-dimensional plan view of an automatic train coupling with an air coupling according to the invention, which is designed in accordance with the air coupling from FIG.
- FIG. 1 an automatic air coupling according to the invention for a rail vehicle, preferably in the form of a freight wagon, is shown, the view showing a radial section through the axis of rotation 6 of the valve drive 5.
- the air coupling has a mouthpiece 1, with which the air coupling can be coupled to an opposing air coupling, in particular to an opposing mouthpiece.
- the mouthpiece 1 protrudes, for example, from a front plate 11 of a pulling coupling or over this, as indicated by the dashed lines.
- the mouthpiece 1 has a sleeve 1.1, which is displaceable or deformable in the coupling direction, so that the free end of the mouthpiece 1 is moved back when two vehicles are coupled, that is, when the two end plates 11 move towards each other and are placed against each other, in particular until it is flush with the end face of the end plate 11.
- the free end of the mouthpiece 1 is formed by a sleeve 1.2 with a sealing ring 1.3, the sleeve 1.2 correspondingly rests against a sleeve of the mating coupling which is of the same configuration.
- the sleeve 1.2 can be pushed onto the sleeve 1.1, for example in the form of a rubber tube, and can be acted upon by the illustrated compression spring 1.4 with an axial force in the sense of an extension.
- a flow channel 3 adjoins the mouthpiece 1 in the flow direction of the compressed air when compressed air is supplied via the mouthpiece 1, the end facing away from the mouthpiece 1 opening into a compressed air connection 2.
- a pipe 12 or a hose can be connected to the compressed air connection 2, for example, in order to connect the air coupling to the compressed air system or the main air line of the rail vehicle.
- a valve 4 is arranged which comprises a valve body 4.1 and a valve seat 4.2.
- the valve seat 4.2 is provided in the area of the connection of the compressed air connection 2.
- the valve body 4.1 is shown in its open position, in which it is held by the force of the compression spring 13. To bring the valve body 4.1 into its closed position, the valve body 4.1 must be moved across the width of the flow channel 3 until it strikes the valve seat 4.2. The movement of the valve body 4.1 into its closed position is brought about by the cam 5.2, which is connected to a shaft 5.1 so that it can rotate.
- the shaft 5.1 is in turn connected in a rotationally tested manner to a main bolt, not shown here, of a coupling lock or another suitable component of the coupling lock.
- a coupling lock or another suitable component of the coupling lock.
- a further cam 5.3 is provided on the shaft 5.1 of the valve drive 5 and rotates together with the first cam 5.2.
- This additional cam 5.3 serves as an encoder for the contactless position sensor 7.
- the cam 5.3 is directly opposite the position sensor 7 in the axial direction of the position sensor 7 or in the radial direction to the axis of rotation 6 of the shaft 5.1 with its detection surface 7.1 when the shaft 5.1 is in the position that corresponds to an open coupling state, i.e. in the the cam 5.2 does not engage the valve body 4.1. If, on the other hand, the coupling is closed and the shaft 5.1 has been rotated so that the valve body 4.1 has moved into its closed position, the distance between the second cam 5.3 or the surface of the component forming the cams 5.2, 5.3, in particular the metallic component, is on the Wave 5.1 larger, which can be detected by the position sensor 7. It can thus be reliably determined whether the cam 5.2 or the component 5.2 forming the cam has been rotated into a position in which the cam 5.2 holds the valve body 4.1 in the closed position.
- a second contactless position sensor 7 ′ is provided which enables redundant monitoring of the position of the cam 5.2 of the valve drive 5.
- the air coupling has a housing 8 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, comprises an outer peripheral wall 8.1 and an inner peripheral wall 8.2.
- the inner circumferential wall 8.2 separates a space in which the valve drive 5 or the cams 5.2, 5.3 are arranged, here called the cam space 10, from the flow channel 3.
- the outer circumferential wall 8.1 is the outer wall of the housing 8 and closes the flow channel 3 and the cam space 10 radially on the outside, based on the axis of rotation 6.
- the position sensors 7, 7 ' are positioned in that section of the outer circumferential wall 8.1 which the inner peripheral wall 8.2 is diametrically opposite.
- the position sensors 7, 7 ' are screwed into bores 9 in the outer circumferential wall 8.1 and in particular protrude into the space with the valve drive 5 or the cams 5.2, 5.3.
- the housing of the position sensor 7 and / or of the position sensor 7 ' is preferably cylindrical or circular-cylindrical, at least in the section inserted through the outer circumferential wall 8.1.
- the detection area 7.1 and / 7.1 ‘can be circular, for example.
- the flow channel 3 is designed in a flow-optimized manner. This preferably has a free flow cross section for the compressed air with a minimum width of 20 mm, preferably 30 mm or 31.75 mm.
- the free flow cross section can for example be at least essentially circular. The same also applies to the mouthpiece 1 and the compressed air connection 2, with regard to the Minimum width also for the valve 4 when the valve body 4.1 is in the open position.
- both the mouthpiece 1 and the compressed air connection 2 are advantageously aligned radially to the axis of rotation 6 with respect to their direction of flow.
- the flow channel 3 advantageously extends at least in sections or in an entirely arcuate manner in the circumferential direction and / or tangential direction to the axis of rotation 6.
- the automatic air coupling according to the invention is preferably positioned in the upper middle area in the end plate 11 or above the end plate 11.
- the cam space 10 (see FIG. 1) is preferably also covered by the housing 8 at the end face to the axis of rotation 6 so that no foreign bodies can penetrate into the housing 8 from above and damage the function of the cams 5.2, 5.3 or the position sensors 7, 7 ' can.
- the design of the housing also provides reliable protection against dirt, snow and ice. List of reference symbols
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
- Indication Of The Valve Opening Or Closing Status (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019121649.4A DE102019121649A1 (de) | 2019-08-12 | 2019-08-12 | Automatische Luftkupplung für ein Schienenfahrzeug |
| PCT/EP2020/069756 WO2021028136A1 (de) | 2019-08-12 | 2020-07-13 | Automatische luftkupplung für ein schienenfahrzeug |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4013657A1 true EP4013657A1 (de) | 2022-06-22 |
| EP4013657B1 EP4013657B1 (de) | 2023-09-06 |
Family
ID=71620438
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20740155.5A Active EP4013657B1 (de) | 2019-08-12 | 2020-07-13 | Automatische luftkupplung für ein schienenfahrzeug |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4013657B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN114222692B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019121649A1 (de) |
| HU (1) | HUE064278T2 (de) |
| PL (1) | PL4013657T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021028136A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102024107384A1 (de) | 2023-03-21 | 2024-09-26 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Automatische Zugkupplung |
| DE102023111391A1 (de) | 2023-05-03 | 2024-11-07 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Automatische Zugkupplung |
| DE102023114837A1 (de) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-12-12 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Kupplungskopf einer automatischen Zugkupplung |
| CH720959A2 (de) * | 2023-07-18 | 2025-01-31 | Faiveley Transp Schwab Ag | Kupplungskopf für eine Kupplung eines Schienenfahrzeugs |
| DE102023120894A1 (de) * | 2023-08-07 | 2025-02-13 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Automatische Zugkupplung, insbesondere Mittelpufferkupplung, eine Kupplungsanordnung sowie ein Verfahren zum Auslösen einer Notbremsung |
| EP4714777A1 (de) * | 2024-09-19 | 2026-03-25 | Voith Patent GmbH | Kupplungsanordnung und verfahren zur einleitung einer notbremsung |
| DE102024126939A1 (de) * | 2024-09-19 | 2026-03-19 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Kupplungsanordnung und Luftkupplung für eine Kupplungsanordnung |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE669444C (de) * | 1933-12-18 | 1938-12-27 | Scharfenkergkupplung Akt Ges | Selbsttaetige Kupplung fuer Fahrzeuge |
| FR1369860A (fr) * | 1962-09-26 | 1964-08-14 | Knorr Bremse Kg | Dispositif de contrôle pour le robinet d'arrêt d'un accouplement de conduites de véhicules sur rails |
| DE1231744B (de) * | 1962-09-27 | 1967-01-05 | Bautzen Waggonbau Veb | Betaetigungsvorrichtung fuer die Ventile von Rohrleitungskupplungen an selbsttaetigen Fahrzeugkupplungen |
| AT308185B (de) * | 1969-12-22 | 1973-05-15 | Mini Verkehrswesen | Steuervorrichtung zur betaetigung des luftabsperrorganes an einer rohrleitungskupplung die mit einer mittelpufferkupplung eines schienenfahrzeuges verbunden ist |
| US4892204A (en) * | 1988-06-02 | 1990-01-09 | General Signal Corporation | Automatic coupler control system |
| JP5235797B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-22 | 2013-07-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | スロットルボディのカプラ配置 |
| CN102400776B (zh) * | 2010-09-09 | 2014-10-08 | 株式会社电装 | 用于发动机的废气控制设备 |
| JP5582172B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-09-03 | 株式会社デンソー | バルブ制御装置 |
| DE102016104188B4 (de) * | 2016-03-08 | 2024-05-02 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Aktivieren von mindestens einer Funktionskomponente einer automatischen Mittelpufferkupplung |
| CN108216292A (zh) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 四川汇智众创科技有限公司 | 铁路货车制动软管自动连挂摘解装置 |
| DE102017120237A1 (de) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-03-07 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Steckverbindungsüberwachungsvorrichtung und Elektrozugkupplung |
-
2019
- 2019-08-12 DE DE102019121649.4A patent/DE102019121649A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-07-13 PL PL20740155.5T patent/PL4013657T3/pl unknown
- 2020-07-13 EP EP20740155.5A patent/EP4013657B1/de active Active
- 2020-07-13 HU HUE20740155A patent/HUE064278T2/hu unknown
- 2020-07-13 WO PCT/EP2020/069756 patent/WO2021028136A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-07-13 CN CN202080057024.4A patent/CN114222692B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114222692B (zh) | 2024-06-18 |
| EP4013657B1 (de) | 2023-09-06 |
| DE102019121649A1 (de) | 2021-02-18 |
| HUE064278T2 (hu) | 2024-02-28 |
| CN114222692A (zh) | 2022-03-22 |
| PL4013657T3 (pl) | 2024-02-26 |
| WO2021028136A1 (de) | 2021-02-18 |
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