EP4022733A1 - Installation et procédé pour stabiliser un réseau électrique - Google Patents

Installation et procédé pour stabiliser un réseau électrique

Info

Publication number
EP4022733A1
EP4022733A1 EP19786502.5A EP19786502A EP4022733A1 EP 4022733 A1 EP4022733 A1 EP 4022733A1 EP 19786502 A EP19786502 A EP 19786502A EP 4022733 A1 EP4022733 A1 EP 4022733A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
network
control
frequency
limit value
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19786502.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ervin SPAHIC
Richy Antrio JULIUS GUNASEKARAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4022733A1 publication Critical patent/EP4022733A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, the networks, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for control-based stabilization of an electrical network, in which a control characteristic is used to adapt or define a setpoint parameter of the control as a function of a further control parameter, which has a first and / or a second control limit value of the further control parameter having.
  • the control limit values represent a control limitation in the sense that the control characteristic curve has a constant profile below the first control limit value, i.e. for values smaller than the corresponding limit value, or above the second control limit value, i.e. for larger values.
  • Such a method can be used, for example, when, in the event of a frequency deviation in the electrical network, active power is fed into the network or taken from the network in order to stabilize the network frequency.
  • the exchange of the active power with the network can be achieved, for example, by means of a suitable stabilization device with energy stores for temporarily storing the energy.
  • the use of the control characteristic is usually referred to as droop control.
  • a control characteristic 1 represents the dependency of a setpoint parameter, in the example shown, the power P, depending on a further control parameter, here the frequency f.
  • a control parameter here the frequency f.
  • a power feed is initiated up to a maximum power Pmax
  • a power Pmin is drawn from the network.
  • the control characteristic 1 also has a first control limit value fmin and a second control limit value fmax. Below the first and above the second control limit value fmin or fmax, the course of control characteristic 1 is constant in relation to power P.
  • the control characteristic shows between the first control limit value fmin and the dead band and between the dead band and the second control limit fmax 1 shows a linearly falling course.
  • the power consumption or power output to be initiated depends on a frequency deviation from the nominal frequency of the network.
  • EP 3392 994 A1 discloses a control method with a control characteristic which in some cases has a non-linear profile.
  • the non-linear control characteristic in particular the transition between the area of the dead band and the outer area outside the dead band area can be designed in such a way that sudden or even oscillating behavior at the transition can advantageously be minimized or avoided.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type that allows the most efficient and reliable possible stabilization of the electrical network.
  • the object is achieved in that the first and / or the second control limit value is determined or dynamically adapted in a time-dynamic manner as a function of instantaneous values of a predetermined network variable.
  • the instantaneous values of the network size can suitably be measured or determined in some other way.
  • the rule limit value or the rule limit values are therefore not statically defined, but are instead adapted to the current network status during control. If the control limit values are changed, the entire control characteristic or its course is generally changed or adapted.
  • the instantaneous values can be direct measured variables or variables derived therefrom.
  • failures in the network for example a failure of an energy generating device such as a generator
  • failures in the network can have different effects on the network, for example depending on the number and size of the remaining rotating machines connected to the network. They can also vary greatly over the course of a day. The same failure can therefore lead to different frequency deviations in the network.
  • This fact can be taken into account in the control by means of the dynamic adjustment of the control limit values.
  • the increase in the flexibility of the regulation also has advantageous effects on the suitably used network stabilization device or its energy store.
  • adaptive control results in overall reduced electrical losses when exchanging power with the network. This has positive effects on the efficiency of the power exchange and the permitted design of the network stabilization device.
  • the control characteristic expediently above the first, below the second or between the first and the second control limiting value, preferably has a non-linear profile, at least in sections.
  • a non-linear control characteristic has some advantages in the context of the present invention.
  • the maximum power Pmax or Pmin
  • Pmin the maximum power
  • high power can only be exchanged with the network in the event of very large frequency deviations.
  • only a relatively small amount of power is exchanged with the network.
  • the course of the control characteristic preferably corresponds, at least in sections, to the course of a quadratic function.
  • the quadratic curve advantageously allows a relatively simple implementation of the control algorithm.
  • the setpoint parameter is expediently a power that is suitably exchanged or to be exchanged between a network stabilization device and the electrical network, in particular a reactive and / or active power. This means that the exchange of power with the network can be controlled directly via the setpoint specification. Alternatively, for example, current or voltage are also conceivable as setpoint values.
  • the further control parameter can be a frequency of the electrical network. This is particularly useful when using the frequency stabilization of the network.
  • the predetermined network size is suitably a network frequency of the electrical network.
  • the dependency of the control limit values on the network frequency is indicated to be particularly easy to implement if the further control parameter is also the frequency of the network.
  • the determination of the first and / or second control limit value is dependent occurs from a temporal change in the network frequency.
  • the change over time is first derived from the instantaneous values of the network frequency.
  • the adjustment of the rule limit values is then carried out taking the change into account. In this way, the control can react quickly, especially in the event of rapid changes in the network frequency.
  • the instantaneous values are filtered by means of a low-pass filter, in particular a moving average filter.
  • a low-pass filter in particular a moving average filter.
  • the control characteristic preferably has a dead band range.
  • it can be a frequency dead band, that is, a value range around the nominal frequency, so that no power exchange with the network is initiated for network frequencies in this value range. In this way, small changes in the frequency are advantageously masked out and the load on a stabilizing device that is used is thus relieved.
  • the invention also relates to a network stabilization device for stabilizing the electrical network, which comprises a control device.
  • the network stabilization device is connected to the network during operation and is set up to carry out suitable measures for network stabilization.
  • the object of the invention is to propose such a network stabilization device that enables the most efficient and reliable possible stabilization of the connected electrical network.
  • the control device is set up to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the control device can expediently comprise a separate controller or a separate control module, by means of which the time-dynamic adaptation of the control limit values is carried out.
  • the network stabilization device comprises a converter, which has an AC voltage side for connecting to the electrical network and a DC voltage side, as well as an energy storage device that can be connected to the DC voltage side of the converter, so that by means of the network - stabilization device reactive and active power can be exchanged with the electrical network.
  • the energy storage device suitably comprises at least one energy store for storing electrical energy, for example in the form of one or more batteries and / or SuperCaps.
  • the available storage energy can be used efficiently.
  • the service life of the energy storage device or the energy storage device can be advantageously extended.
  • the operating losses in the storage and power converter can be advantageously reduced.
  • the energy store can be designed to be smaller for the same output, which enables a cost advantage.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a network stabilization device according to the invention in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a control characteristic for a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a further flow chart of a method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a network stabilization device 10 which is set up to stabilize an electrical network 11, which in the example shown is a three-phase supply network and is connected to it.
  • the network stabilization device 10 comprises a converter 12, which in the example shown is a self-commutated converter, the converter 12 including converter arms which are connected to one another in a double star circuit. It should be noted here that other converter configurations are also possible, for example a triangular connection of the converter arms.
  • the converter 12 has an AC voltage side 13 for connection to the network 11 and a DC voltage side 14.
  • An energy storage device 15 is connected to the DC voltage side 14 of the converter 12 and comprises energy storage devices in the form of one or more batteries and / or SuperCaps . Electrical energy taken from the network 11 can be stored by means of the energy storage device.
  • Energy stored there can also be fed into the network 11 by means of the energy storage device 15.
  • a reactive power can also be exchanged with the network 11 by means of the converter 12.
  • both active and reactive power can be achieved by means of the network stabilization device 10 be exchanged with the electrical network 11.
  • the exchange of power can, for example, influence a frequency in the network 11 and thus stabilize the network 11 as a whole.
  • a voltage in the network 11 can be influenced and the network 11 as a whole can thus be stabilized.
  • the network stabilization device 10 comprises a control device 16 which, using instantaneous values of network parameters of the network 11 measured by means of a measuring device 17, in particular a network frequency, carries out the corresponding regulation of the converter 12 and the energy storage device 15, suitably there
  • the controllable components used, such as controllable semiconductor switches, are to be controlled accordingly.
  • FIG. 3 shows a control characteristic 20 for a control-based stabilization according to the invention of an electrical network, for example the network 11 of FIG.
  • the control characteristic 20 represents the dependency of a setpoint parameter, in the example shown the power P, as a function of a further control parameter, here the frequency f of the network.
  • a further control parameter here the frequency f of the network.
  • the control characteristic curve 20 also has a first control limit value fmin and a second control limit value fmax.
  • control characteristic 20 a non-linear curve, in the example shown, a square curve.
  • the power consumption or power output to be initiated depends on the frequency deviation from the nominal frequency of the network.
  • the control limit values fmin and fmax are set adaptively and dynamically in time during the control as a function of a network variable, in the illustrated embodiment the measured current values of the network frequency. For example, at a point in time t1, the value of the lower control limit value fmin is reduced so that it is at fmin '. The value of the upper control limit value fmax is changed accordingly to fmax '. The entire course of the control characteristic is adapted accordingly, the course always corresponding to a quadratic function, only with changed function parameters. In a further case, the lower control limit value can be set to one
  • the value fmin ′′ and the upper control limit value can be set to a value fmax ′′, the course of the entire control characteristic curve being adapted accordingly, as indicated in FIG. 3 by means of dotted lines 24 and 25.
  • FIG. 4 an example of the sequence of the method is illustrated on a flow chart 30.
  • a first step 31 predefined rule limit values fmin and fmax are assumed.
  • a measured instantaneous value of the network frequency is provided (at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz, for example).
  • a query is made regarding the frequency deviation from the nominal frequency and the sequence is assigned to one of the three states 33a-33c as a function of the result.
  • the first state 33a is present when the measured frequency is below 49.9 Hz, for example.
  • the second state 33b is present when the instantaneous value of the frequency is between, for example, 49.9 Hz and 50.1 Hz.
  • the third state 33c is present when the current frequency is above 50.1 Hz, for example. In this case the current frequency lies in a frequency dead band of the control.
  • the change in the network frequency over time is calculated in a fourth step 34 using frequency values that have already been provided beforehand.
  • the calculated change in the network frequency over time is filtered in a fifth step 35 by means of a time delay moving average filter.
  • a new lower rule limit value fmin ' is calculated in a sixth step 36.
  • control limit values fmin and fmax are left unchanged according to a seventh step 37.
  • the change in the network frequency over time is calculated in an eighth step 38 using frequency values that have already been provided beforehand.
  • the calculated change in the network frequency over time is filtered in a ninth step 39 by means of a time delay moving average filter.
  • a new upper rule limit value fmax ' is calculated in a tenth step 40.
  • steps 36, 37 or 40 is made available in an eleventh step 41 for further processing of the regulation.
  • a measured frequency value of the network frequency is provided (measured for example at a point of common coupling of a network system).
  • a predetermined nominal frequency of the electrical network is provided in a second block 52.
  • a lower control limit value fmin is provided in a third block 53. The value fmin can result from the determination according to FIG. 4, for example.
  • the deviation of the instantaneous frequency from the nominal frequency determined by means of a difference generator 54 is then checked to see whether it lies within the dead band range. If this is the case, this is forwarded directly via a fifth block 55 to determine the control setpoint. If the measured frequency is outside the dead band, the course of the control characteristic is determined in blocks 56-58 as a function of fmin, the control characteristic corresponding in sections to a course of a quadratic function (see FIG. 3). Finally, in a ninth block 59, the setpoint value of the power to be exchanged with the network is determined from the course of the control characteristic and the instantaneous value of the frequency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de stabilisation, sur la base d'une régulation, d'un réseau électrique (11), selon lequel, pour l'adaptation d'un paramètre de valeur de consigne (P) de la régulation, on utilise, en fonction d'un autre paramètre de régulation (f), une courbe caractéristique de régulation (20) qui présente une première et/ou une deuxième valeur de limitation de régulation (fmin, fmax) de l'autre paramètre de régulation. Le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que la première et/ou la deuxième valeur de limitation de régulation sont fixées ou adaptées de manière dynamique dans le temps en fonction de valeurs instantanées d'une grandeur de réseau prédéfinie. L'invention concerne également un dispositif (10) de stabilisation de réseau permettant la mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'invention.
EP19786502.5A 2019-10-02 2019-10-02 Installation et procédé pour stabiliser un réseau électrique Pending EP4022733A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/076720 WO2021063498A1 (fr) 2019-10-02 2019-10-02 Installation et procédé pour stabiliser un réseau électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4022733A1 true EP4022733A1 (fr) 2022-07-06

Family

ID=68210761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19786502.5A Pending EP4022733A1 (fr) 2019-10-02 2019-10-02 Installation et procédé pour stabiliser un réseau électrique

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EP (1) EP4022733A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021063498A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7174178B1 (ja) 2022-03-11 2022-11-17 東京瓦斯株式会社 制御装置、及びプログラム

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014187487A1 (fr) * 2013-05-23 2014-11-27 Caterva Gmbh Système de fourniture d'énergie primaire pour un réseau électrique
EP3392994B1 (fr) 2017-04-19 2020-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de régulation de flux de puissance dans un réseau de tension continue

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WO2021063498A1 (fr) 2021-04-08

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