EP4034318B1 - Dispositif et procédé de fabrication et d'usinage ultérieur de brames - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de fabrication et d'usinage ultérieur de brames Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4034318B1
EP4034318B1 EP20775860.8A EP20775860A EP4034318B1 EP 4034318 B1 EP4034318 B1 EP 4034318B1 EP 20775860 A EP20775860 A EP 20775860A EP 4034318 B1 EP4034318 B1 EP 4034318B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slabs
slab
route
furnace
cutting
Prior art date
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EP20775860.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4034318A1 (fr
Inventor
Luc Neumann
Frank Lensing
Christoph Klein
Michael POGREBINSKI
Björn Kintscher
Michael PANDER
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to EP24166624.7A priority Critical patent/EP4424438A3/fr
Publication of EP4034318A1 publication Critical patent/EP4034318A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1213—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for heating or insulating strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1233—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for marking strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/126—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/126—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cutting
    • B22D11/1265—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cutting having auxiliary devices for deburring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B22D11/1282—Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/142—Plants for continuous casting for curved casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/163—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cutting cast stock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/466—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a non-continuous process, i.e. the cast being cut before rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
    • B21B38/006—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for producing and further processing slabs from a metal, preferably steel.
  • the device comprises a continuous casting device for producing a cast strand and a cutting device for cutting the cast strand into slabs.
  • continuous casting a continuous casting process for producing semi-finished products such as slabs and sheets made of iron and non-ferrous alloys, the metal is poured through a mostly cooled mold and discharged downwards, sideways or in an arc with a solidified shell and a mostly still liquid core.
  • Casting machines for the production of medium slabs have molds with typically plane-parallel plates (from approx. 140 mm thickness) for primary shaping and primary cooling, which makes the casting of some types of steel easier than the funnel-shaped molds of thin slab casting machines.
  • These types of steel include peritectic transforming and other types of steel that are critical for cracking. These have the special feature that the strand shell, which has already solidified in the mold but is still thin, experiences a volume jump (shrinkage by about 0.5%) due to a phase transformation (from delta ferrite to austenite). This creates tensile stresses that can lead to cracks and breakouts more frequently than with other types of steel. Peritectic or other types of steel that are susceptible to cracks are therefore difficult to cast in a way that ensures operational reliability and quality on thin slab plants with a funnel-shaped mold.
  • the mold plates are usually made of copper.
  • the so-called metallurgical length of the casting machine is usually between 10 and 35 m.
  • the casting machine can be equipped with "Liquid Core Reduction” (LCR) or “Dynamic Soft Reduction” (DSR), i.e. techniques that reduce the thickness of the cast strand by utilizing the still liquid core (with LCR) or soft core (with DSR) and by setting strand guide elements outside the mold.
  • LCR Liquid Core Reduction
  • DSR Dynamic Soft Reduction
  • the casting machine can also be preceded by any steelworks for the provision and delivery of liquid steel, comprising, for example, an electric arc furnace for melting steel scrap ("Electric Arc Furnace", EAF) or using an oxygen blast furnace ("Basic Oxygen Furnace", BOF) with optional vacuum and/or ladle treatment.
  • EAF Electric Arc Furnace
  • BOF Basic Oxygen Furnace
  • the medium slabs are then usually marked or stamped before being temporarily stored in a slab storage facility. They are cooled to a temperature in the range between ambient temperature and 600 °C before they are fed, if necessary, into a walking beam furnace, which heats the medium slabs to forming temperature, approximately 1,000 °C to 1,300 °C, possibly with upstream heating units.
  • the medium slabs heated in this way are then formed in a forming unit, typically a rolling mill, which can be equipped with one or more descaling devices.
  • the rolling mill can be operated reversibly with one or more stands or in tandem.
  • a combination of optionally reversing roughing stands and a finishing train with intermediate heating and cooling devices can also be used.
  • the one or more forming units are followed by a cooling section, a discharge device and/or one or more coiling units.
  • the medium slabs are temporarily stored in a slab storage facility before being heated to forming temperature and cool down there, since the processes were never planned in conjunction with one another in the past and some steel grades cannot be used in the walking beam furnace in the surface temperature range between 850 °C and 600 °C for technological reasons. The resulting temperature loss must therefore be fully compensated by the walking beam furnace.
  • the process control includes actuators and sensors, but is based only on simple process models, which places severe limits on making the process more flexible, increasing efficiency and saving resources.
  • the US 6 436 205 B1 describes a process for surface finishing of a continuously cast steel product.
  • EP 0 808 672 A1 describes a process and a plant for the production of stainless steel or carbon steel sheet from thin slabs produced by continuous casting.
  • Other continuous casting and slab processing processes are EP 2 535 125 A2 , JP H03-81012 A , EP 1 980 345 A1 , EP 0 726 101 A1 and US 2012/0298491 A1 known.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved device and an improved method for producing and further processing slabs from a metal, preferably steel, in particular to overcome one or more of the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the device according to the invention is used for the production and further processing, in particular the forming, of slabs as semi-finished products in the metallurgical sector.
  • Slabs made of a metal, in particular a metal alloy, preferably steel, are cast here.
  • the device is particularly preferably designed for the production and further processing of medium slabs.
  • Medium slabs include slabs with a thickness in the range of 110 to 200 mm, in particular 140 to 200 mm.
  • a mold with two opposite broad sides and two opposite narrow sides can be used in the continuous casting device, which are each formed, or at least with respect to the slab thickness, by plane-parallel plates, preferably made of copper or a copper alloy, which can be coated. With such a mold structure, the casting quality of comparatively thick strand-shaped products from approx. 140 mm thickness and/or peritectic-transforming or other crack-critical steel types can be improved.
  • the device comprises at least one continuous casting device which is configured to produce at least one cast strand and to transport it in a transport direction.
  • the "transport direction” refers to the direction along which the cast strand and the slabs produced from it are conveyed in the process line. It should be noted that the transport direction does not have to be a constant direction vector, but can depend on the strand or slab position along the process line. For example, in the case of a vertical bending system, the transport direction of the cast strand is initially directed vertically downwards and is then diverted to the horizontal along an arc.
  • Designations of a spatial relationship such as “vertical”, “horizontal”, “above”, “below”, “upstream”, “downstream”, “in front of”, “behind”, etc., are clearly defined by the design and intended use of the device as well as the transport direction of the cast strand or the slabs.
  • the device further comprises a cutting device which is arranged behind the continuous casting device as seen in the transport direction and is designed to divide or cut the cast strand into slabs.
  • the cutting device preferably comprises a pair of scissors or is implemented by such a pair.
  • the cast strand is therefore not cut using a flame cutting machine, which means that a deburrer for smoothing the slab front sides can be dispensed with.
  • the cutting device can comprise an upsetting device which is designed to sharpen the front side of the slab which is created by the cut. Such an upsetting function can simplify the further processing of the slab, in particular gripping it during forming in a forming unit.
  • the device comprises several routes, ie at least a first route and a second route, which at least partially implement different process lines for further processing of the slabs.
  • the device further comprises a process control system which is set up to to make a route decision for each slab individually depending on at least one measured or calculated process parameter, which assigns one of the several routes to the respective slab, and to arrange for the corresponding slab to be further processed along the assigned route.
  • the slabs in other words, behind the cutting device there is a physical or imaginary branch which leads the slabs to different routes for further processing depending on the route decision made by the process control system.
  • the transport routes of the different routes can be at least partially physically separated; however, in certain embodiments it may be sufficient if the slabs are treated differently along a common transport route depending on the route decision.
  • the different routes can meet again further along the process line, i.e. they can be brought together again for a common further processing of the slabs.
  • slabs can be treated differently in one and the same system and configuration depending on their quality, alloy, temperature, etc.
  • the planned end use can play a special role here, for example with regard to surface quality or degrees of deformation for deep drawing of sheets to be produced from the corresponding slab. For example, particularly high demands are usually placed on surface quality for the outer skin of automobiles. Likewise, high demands are placed on Si-alloyed grades for electrical sheet production.
  • the process with route branching described here enables separate, automated treatment of slabs with different end uses, grades, quality characteristics, etc. at an early stage, which minimizes waste and increases the efficiency of the system.
  • the device comprises a furnace which is arranged behind the cutting device as seen in the transport direction and is designed to heat the slabs to a forming temperature.
  • forming temperature refers here to a temperature which is necessary or suitable for forming the slabs in a forming unit, preferably by working rolls in a rolling mill.
  • the forming temperature is preferably in the range from 1,000 °C to 1,300 °C.
  • the furnace is preferably a walking beam furnace which is designed to lift the slabs vertically during heating.
  • the walking beam furnace can have fixed beams and walking beams, a lifting drive and heating means. This design allows the device to be particularly compact in terms of mechanical engineering.
  • one of the routes which will be referred to as the "first route" for linguistic differentiation, is designed to place the corresponding slab into the furnace substantially immediately after cutting by the cutting device.
  • the aim is thus to keep the cooling of the slab (following the intended cooling of the cast strand by primary and secondary cooling in the continuous casting device) as low as possible.
  • the strand that has not yet solidified emerges from the mold is then guided downwards by means of a strand guide and then deflected horizontally in a bending area, while heat is deliberately extracted from it in the segments of the strand guide and thereafter, so that it gradually cools and solidifies from the outside to the inside.
  • the cast strand is then cut into slabs by the cutting device. Before entering the furnace, the slabs have cooled down on the first route to a temperature below the forming temperature, with this temperature loss being kept as low as possible.
  • the first route is designed so that the corresponding slabs are placed into the furnace at a temperature of 600 °C or more, preferably 850 °C or more.
  • a slab storage facility can be omitted on this route or the plant can be designed with a significantly lower storage capacity as the main reasons for using it are obsolete.
  • the furnace can be designed to be compact and particularly energy-efficient. Overall, this results in a compact plant that enables energy-saving, resource-conserving and cost-effective production of metallurgical products.
  • the production of peritectic or crack-critical steel grades, micro-alloyed steel grades, steel grades for pipeline production and steel grades with high surface quality requirements is favored.
  • these slabs can be temporarily stored in a slab store, for example, and preheated (during storage and/or during and/or after removal from the slab store) to a surface temperature of preferably 850 °C or more using a heating device.
  • a surface temperature preferably 850 °C or more using a heating device.
  • such slabs can also be brought to a surface temperature below 600 °C by quenching/intensive cooling so that they can be used directly.
  • this cooling process converts the structural layer near the surface once (austenite - ferrite) and a second time (ferrite - austenite) when the layer near the surface is reheated using thermal energy stored in the core.
  • This double conversion results in grain refinement (enlargement of the grain boundary surface) in the corresponding layer and thus reduces the concentration of large elements or compounds (e.g. nitrides or carbides) that are precipitated at the grain boundaries. In higher concentrations, these elements or compounds would promote the formation of cracks in subsequent process stages.
  • slabs can also be specifically fed to the slab storage facility so that they can be inspected and, if necessary, treated using any inspection and/or processing equipment available there before they are then fed to the furnace after optional preheating in a heating facility.
  • one of the routes which will be referred to as the "second route" for linguistic differentiation, is set up to feed the corresponding slabs to a slab storage facility for intermediate storage after they have been cut by the cutting device.
  • This allows the slabs to be treated particularly flexibly and individually.
  • slabs that are to be temporarily stored in the slab storage facility for example due to quality decisions made by one or more inspection systems, can be guided into the slab storage facility via a roller conveyor, while subsequent slabs from the continuous casting device can be transported unhindered to the furnace.
  • Such processing steps can be, for example, grinding, milling or scarfing.
  • the second route is set up so that the corresponding slabs are conveyed out in front of the furnace, whereby the furnace can be simultaneously fed from the other side, ie with slabs from other sources, preferably from the slab storage area itself.
  • the second route can be set up so that the corresponding slabs are guided past the furnace, preferably via a roller table, so that subsequent slabs from the continuous casting device can be introduced into the furnace unhindered via the first route.
  • One of the several routes can be set up to discharge the corresponding slabs after cutting by the cutting device.
  • slabs with certain properties can be diverted for direct purchase by a customer, for special post-processing and the like.
  • the device comprises a heating device which is designed to preheat slabs which have undergone cooling in the slab storage or otherwise to a temperature of 600 °C or more, preferably 850 °C or more.
  • the heating device can be part of the slab storage or arranged outside it, and it ensures that a slab storage can be easily integrated without the furnace having to be made larger or having to handle different inlet temperatures of the slabs.
  • the device preferably has a forming unit which is arranged behind the furnace in the process line in the transport direction.
  • the forming unit is particularly preferably a rolling mill with one or more rolling stands.
  • the rolling mill can be operated reversibly with one or more stands or in tandem.
  • a combination of optionally reversing roughing stands and a finishing train with intermediate heating and cooling devices can also be used.
  • the forming unit is preferably followed by a cooling section, a discharge device and/or one or more coiling units.
  • the forming unit preferably has one or more descaling devices.
  • slab casting and forming can be brought together in space and time. Such a “hybrid” treatment was previously not possible, especially for medium slab casting.
  • the forming unit comprises one or more heating devices, whereby a constant/homogeneous temperature can be set over the workpiece length.
  • the forming unit preferably comprises a welding device for welding individual workpieces together, such as slabs or intermediate strips, whereby the forming can be carried out on an endless workpiece.
  • the welding device can be installed in front of it or in front of the last group of stands. This allows individual, consecutive slabs or intermediate strips to be rolled endlessly. Strips rolled in this way can, if necessary, be cut again before a coiling device by a high-speed shear ("flying gravity").
  • the route decision is made by the process control system based, for example, on one or more of the following measured or calculated process parameters: temperature of the slab, metallurgical properties of the slab, for example alloy (chemical analysis, steel grade), quality of the slab, preferably surface finish, planned end use.
  • suitable inspection systems including temperature sensors, cameras and/or other sensors, can be installed at one or more points along the process path. These values can also be provided online by suitable, preferably computer-aided process models.
  • the cutting device itself comprises an inspection system, or an inspection system is arranged essentially immediately behind the cutting device.
  • the inspection system is communicatively coupled to the process control system (wirelessly or wired) and set up to detect one or more physical variables of the slabs and to transmit them to the process control system, wherein the process control system is set up to to use the data received from the inspection system for route decision.
  • the process planning system can take customer requests into account when making the route decision. For example, a slab that meets special quality requirements can be sent to the slab warehouse or for direct purchase by the customer.
  • the planned end use can play a special role here, for example with regard to surface quality or the degree of deformation for deep drawing of sheets to be produced from the corresponding slab. For example, particularly high demands are usually placed on the surface quality of automotive outer skins. Likewise, high demands are placed on Si-alloyed grades for electrical sheet production (for example, E-strip with Si contents higher than 3% and Al contents higher than 0.3%).
  • the process with route branching described here enables separate, automated treatment of slabs of different grades and quality characteristics, particularly surface qualities, at an early stage.
  • the device preferably comprises one or more heating devices which are arranged upstream of the cutting device or any decoupler and/or downstream of the cutting device.
  • a heating device is arranged immediately upstream of the cutting device or any decoupler and/or a heating device is arranged immediately downstream of the cutting device.
  • "Immediately" in this context means that, apart from any transport means, such as a roller table, there are no stations for treating the cast strand or the slabs in between.
  • the heating device(s) can work inductively, with gas burners and/or electrically.
  • the cutting device is a pendulum shear or other shear suitable for cutting the cast strand in motion, whereby the cast strand can be cut into slabs without the areas of the cut surfaces having to be reworked to protect subsequent tools in the process line and without the casting speed having to be (significantly) reduced for the cut.
  • a shear no deburring device or an alternative device for reworking the slabs in the area of the cut surfaces is required, the temperature loss of the slabs can be minimized.
  • the device comprises an electronic warehouse management system that is set up to automatically record measured or calculated process parameters of the slabs in the slab warehouse, for example their positions as well as process parameters and quality features.
  • the recorded measured or calculated process parameters can be linked and/or processed for various purposes, for example to automatically identify a suitable slab according to the specifications of a process planning system and to feed it to the process line.
  • the device preferably comprises an electronic process planning system which is set up to automatically record, store and process process parameters of the slabs and to control the production process.
  • the device can thus have one or more electronic process control systems, for example so-called “Level 1" and “Level 2" systems.
  • Process control systems for example for controlling liquid steel production, continuous casting equipment, slab logistics, upstream heating equipment, the furnace, forming unit (such as rolling mill and/or cooling section) and/or the conveyor systems for transporting the slabs, plates and/or strips, can be networked with one another and/or with a process planning system ("Level 3") by means of a network.
  • the process planning and process management can optionally be provided with automation across process stages in order, for example, to reduce energy consumption while at the same time ensuring optimal technological and energetic process management. and/or to minimize the throughput time of the products and/or to improve the product quality.
  • the device preferably comprises a process planning system that includes at least one quality model that is coupled with a decision-making process for route determination, so that a continuous casting and rolling process or at least one continuous rolling process can be maintained at all times in order to utilize the device as efficiently as possible and in an energy-saving manner in the interests of maximum production.
  • a process planning system that includes at least one quality model that is coupled with a decision-making process for route determination, so that a continuous casting and rolling process or at least one continuous rolling process can be maintained at all times in order to utilize the device as efficiently as possible and in an energy-saving manner in the interests of maximum production.
  • This also means that in the event of a planned or unplanned downtime of the continuous casting device, slabs from the slab storage facility or from an external source (cold or possibly with preheating in another heating device contained in the device) can be fed to the furnace and then formed, preferably rolled.
  • the above-mentioned object is further achieved by a method for producing and further processing slabs from a metal, preferably steel, the method comprising: producing and transporting a cast strand along a transport direction by means of a continuous casting device; cutting the cast strand into slabs by means of a cutting device which is arranged behind the continuous casting device as seen in the transport direction; making an individual route decision depending on at least one measured or calculated process parameter which assigns one of several routes to the respective slab; and further processing the corresponding slab along the assigned route.
  • Slabs which are further processed along a first route are inserted into a furnace after cutting, which is arranged behind the cutting device as seen in the transport direction, in order to heat the corresponding slabs to a forming temperature which is suitable for forming the slabs in a forming unit, preferably a rolling mill.
  • the forming temperature is preferably in the range from 1,000 °C to 1,300 °C.
  • the slabs of the first route are fed into the furnace essentially immediately after cutting, so that the corresponding slabs are fed into the furnace at a temperature of 600 °C or more, preferably 850 °C or more.
  • the slabs which are further processed along a second route are fed to a slab storage facility for intermediate storage after cutting by the cutting device, wherein the slabs which have undergone cooling in the slab storage facility are preheated by means of a heating device to a temperature of 600 °C or more, preferably 850 °C or more.
  • the tunnel furnaces which are usually gas-fired, are between 50 and 350 m long and are operated with a small excess of oxygen (1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.3) ⁇ 1.02 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.2 ⁇ in the temperature range between 1000 and 1285 °C.
  • the slabs are transported from the area of the casting machine in line or sideways with the aid of ferries in front of the rolling mill.
  • the proposed plant or process does not use a tunnel furnace with furnace rollers. Instead, a walking beam furnace is used, i.e. the slabs are transported by lifting, which reduces damage to the slabs on the underside to a minimum.
  • the Figure 1 shows schematically a device for the production, further processing and forming of slabs.
  • the Figure 1 shows schematically a device 100 for producing and further processing slabs 3.
  • the slabs 3 are preferably medium slabs, ie slabs with a thickness in the range of approximately 110 to 200 mm, preferably 140 to 200 mm.
  • the device 100 comprises one or more continuous casting devices 1, which in the present embodiment is implemented as a vertical bending system.
  • the continuous casting device 1 can also be implemented in another way, as long as it provides a cast strand which can subsequently be divided into slabs and further processed.
  • the liquid metal to be cast is fed to a mold 1a of the continuous casting device 1, for example from a pouring ladle.
  • the mold 1a brings the molten metal into the desired slab shape, while it gradually solidifies from the outside to the inside through the cooled mold walls.
  • the mold 1a is preferably a mold made of copper plates (or plates of a copper alloy, which can be coated), in the case of medium slabs with plane-parallel plates on the broad sides and narrow sides, which are adapted for a comparatively high casting thickness of, for example, 140 mm or more. If the casting thickness or the casting radius require it, the copper plates can have a funnel-shaped contour and/or be curved in a transport direction T corresponding to the casting radius of a strand guide 1b.
  • the transport direction T does not denote a constant direction vector, but can depend on the strand or slab position along the device 100.
  • the strand guide 1b comprises rollers 1c which transport the cast strand S and can be adjusted for a thickness reduction according to LCR or DSR so that the transport gap in which the cast strand is transported along the transport direction T gradually narrows.
  • the strand guide 1b can be constructed in segments, for example by two or more similarly constructed curved segments which can form a bending area of the strand guide 1b.
  • the cast strand S is actively or passively cooled, for example by splashing water, which causes it to gradually solidify from the outside to the inside.
  • rollers 1c are provided for guiding and transporting the cast strand S.
  • One or more of the rollers 1c are drive rollers and drive the cast strand S in the transport direction T, other rollers 1c serve to guide and align the cast strand S.
  • the rollers 1c form means for driving and bending the cast strand S.
  • the device 100 further comprises a cutting device 4, which is arranged in or in the transport direction T behind the continuous casting device 1, in particular behind the straightening area of the continuous casting device 1.
  • the cutting device 4 is used to cut or divide the cast strand S into slabs 3. The cut is made along the slab thickness.
  • the "slab thickness" refers to the dimension of the slab which is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension and perpendicular to the width (in Fig.1 perpendicular to the paper plane) of the slab.
  • the cutting device 4 is designed to cut the cast strand S during conveyance, ie during the movement of the cast strand S along the transport direction T.
  • the cutting device 4 is a pair of shears, in particular a pair of pendulum shears. In this case, the shears are designed such that the transport movement of the cast strand S is tracked during the cutting process and that one or more cutting blades cut the strand in one movement only vertically to the cast strand S.
  • a decoupler 5 can be provided, for example designed as a cold strand rocker, which is designed to be able to decouple the cast strand S from the process line when required, for example when starting up the system.
  • the first route R1 also referred to herein as the "immediate treatment route” leads the slab 3 after cutting by the cutting device 4 as quickly as possible into a furnace 2, which brings the slab 3 to forming temperature.
  • the Figure 1 Routes R1 and R2 shown are only examples.
  • the process control including possible decision criteria for the individual treatment of the slabs 3, is explained in detail below.
  • the further structure of the device 100 in the case of the immediate treatment route, the cut slabs 3 are fed to a furnace 2 via a roller table 19.
  • the furnace 2 is arranged behind the cutting device 4 as seen in the transport direction T and is designed to heat the slabs 3 to a forming temperature, preferably in the range of 1,000 °C to 1,300 °C.
  • the furnace 2 is located as close as possible behind the cutting device 4 in order to minimize the cooling of the slabs 3, whereby the immediate treatment path enables a particularly energy-efficient further treatment of the slabs 3.
  • the furnace 2 is preferably a walking beam furnace in which the slabs 3 are moved in a lifting direction during heating.
  • the walking beam furnace has fixed beams and walking beams (not described in detail here), a lifting drive and heating means.
  • the furnace 2 can also be constructed in another way, for example as a horizontal continuous furnace, tunnel furnace, furnace with chain and the like.
  • the furnace 2 is followed in the transport direction T by a forming unit, preferably a rolling mill 12.
  • the rolling mill 12 comprises one or more rolling stands 13 and can be operated reversibly or in tandem.
  • the structure of the forming unit is not limited to the Figure 1 shown example.
  • a combination of optionally reversing roughing stands and a finishing train with intermediate heating and/or cooling devices 6 can be implemented.
  • the forming unit or rolling mill 12 can have one or more descaling devices 16, which are arranged in front of or behind one or more rolling stands 13 depending on the configuration.
  • a cooling section 14 and/or discharge device 15, for example one or more coiling units, can be connected to the forming unit.
  • the forming unit can be equipped with one or more inspection systems 21 for the automatic inspection of the semi-finished product, for example with regard to surface quality, structure and the like.
  • the forming unit preferably comprises a welding device 22 for welding together individual workpieces, such as slabs 3 or intermediate strips, whereby the forming can be carried out on an endless workpiece.
  • the welding device 22 can, for example, be installed in front of it or in front of the last group of stands. This allows individual, consecutive slabs 3 or Intermediate strips are rolled endlessly. Strips rolled in this way can, if necessary, be cut again by a high-speed shear 23 before a coiling device.
  • the structure of the device 100 set out here allows a shortening of the cooling section between the one or more continuous casting devices 1 and the furnace 2 along the immediate treatment path.
  • Conventional devices such as flame cutting machine(s), deburrer, marking machine(s), slab storage and the like in front of the furnace 2 can be omitted along this route and, in the simplest case, these are replaced by the cutting device 4.
  • the path of the slabs 3 produced by the cutting device 4 via the roller table 19 to the furnace 2 is thereby significantly shortened.
  • the cooling section can be shortened to a length of approximately 21 m.
  • any slab storage facility 11 with marking machine(s) can be omitted on this route or at least made smaller in the plant as a whole, since the main reasons for its use become obsolete.
  • the slabs 3 are placed in the furnace 2 at a comparatively high temperature of 600 °C or more, preferably 850 °C or more, whereby the furnace 2 and thus the plant as a whole can be designed to be more compact and resource-efficient, in particular particularly energy-efficient.
  • one or more heating devices 6, preferably inductive, with gas burners or electrically operated, can be installed at different positions in the process line.
  • one or more heating devices 6 are located substantially immediately upstream of the cutting device 4 or the decoupler 5, if present, and/or downstream of the cutting device 4. Heating devices 6 of this type can, on the one hand, contribute to shortening the cooling section, and, on the other hand, they simplify the slab storage logistics.
  • one or more inspection systems 7 can be installed to check the slab quality, for example the surfaces of the slabs 3.
  • the inspection systems 7 are connected to process control systems 8 in the network and can make decisions about further processing and process routes or provide information support.
  • the second route leads the slabs 3 behind the cutting device 4 into a slab storage area 11, where they can be temporarily stored.
  • the slab storage area 11 can be located behind the furnace 2, so that the slabs 3 are guided past the furnace 2 via the roller table 19, whereby the subsequent slabs 3 from the continuous casting device 1 can be transported unhindered into the furnace 2, provided a corresponding route decision is made.
  • the slabs 3 can be transported into the slab storage area 11 in front of the furnace 2 via a branching roller table.
  • slabs 3 from other sources can be fed into the process line via an infeed roller conveyor 17.
  • the introduction into the process line leading to the furnace 2 can be carried out in different ways. It is possible to control the supply of slabs 3 from other sources in such a way that they are introduced into gaps between slabs 3 that are on the immediate treatment path.
  • parallel conveying is possible, in which the slabs 3 are transported on several parallel roller tables before they are placed in the furnace 2. Parallel transport of slabs 3 through the furnace 2 can also be implemented.
  • one or more heating devices 18 can be installed so that slabs 3 which have been cooled in the slab storage area 11 are preheated by the heating device 18 to a temperature which is suitable for subsequent introduction into the furnace 2, i.e. in particular to a temperature above 600 °C, preferably 850 °C.
  • slabs 3, which are to be cooled and temporarily stored in the slab storage area 11, for example, can be marked by means of a marking machine 20, which is preferably arranged downstream of the furnace 2, so that they can be identified by the operating personnel of the device 100 and/or by a suitable sensor system.
  • the furnace 2 and the forming unit 12 can be operated independently of the specific route that the respective slab 3 has previously taken.
  • the forming unit 12 can work continuously without "knowing" where the slabs 3 come from. In this regard, a control-technical coupling between the various plant components is not necessary, or can be kept simple, so that existing plants can be retrofitted without a complete redesign.
  • a continuous casting and rolling process or at least a continuous rolling process can be maintained at all times in order to utilize the device 100 as efficiently as possible and in an energy-saving manner in the interests of maximum production.
  • This also means that in the event of a planned or unplanned downtime of the continuous casting device 1, slabs 3 from the slab storage facility 11 or from an external source can be fed to the furnace 2 cold or, if necessary, with preheating in another heating device contained in the device 100 and can then be rolled, thereby ensuring the best possible utilization of the forming unit 12 even in the event of a casting stop.
  • the device 100 has one or more process control systems 8, which take over the process control. Monitoring and planning of the entire process can be taken over by a process planning system 9, so that so-called "Level 1", “Level 2" and “Level 3” systems can be implemented in this way.
  • the process control systems 8 are communicatively connected to sensors, actuators, storage media and the like, as indicated by corresponding lines in the Figure 1 is shown. Communication can be wireless or wired.
  • the process control systems 8 are networked, for example, to control the liquid steel production, continuous casting device 1, slab logistics, upstream heating device 18, the furnace 2, the forming unit (such as rolling mill 12 and cooling section) and/or the conveyor systems for transporting the slabs 3, plates and/or strips among each other and/or with the process planning system 9 ("Level 3") by means of a network 10.
  • the process planning and process management can optionally be provided with automation across process stages in order, for example, to reduce energy consumption while at the same time ensuring technologically and energetically optimal process management and/or to minimize the throughput time of the products and/or to improve product quality.
  • Data detected and/or obtained by processing/calculation from the process or from the products can be stored, for example on data carriers, in databases or network storage (cloud), and used by the systems 8, 9 for process optimization and performance improvement.
  • one of the process control systems 8 is an electronic warehouse management system 8', which is set up to automatically record measured or calculated process parameters of the slabs 3 of the slab warehouse 11, for example their positions as well as process parameters and quality features.
  • the recorded measured or calculated process parameters can be processed for various purposes, for example to automatically identify a suitable slab 3 according to the specifications of a process planning system 9 and to feed it to the process line at a suitable location.
  • At least one process control system 8 is set up to decide for each slab 3 which route - the immediate treatment route or the storage route in the present embodiment - it will take.
  • the decision is preferably made immediately behind the cutting device 4, whereby the immediate treatment route can be assumed as the rule.
  • Measured or calculated process parameters which may form the basis for the decision include, for example: temperature of the slab and/or cooling curve during primary and secondary cooling in the continuous casting device 1 and/or steel grade and/or quality requirement and/or planned end use.
  • suitable inspection systems 7, such as temperature sensors, cameras or other Sensors can be installed at one or more points along the process path. These values can also be provided online by suitable, preferably computer-aided process models.
  • an inspection system 7 is installed essentially directly behind the cutting device 4. If the cutting device 4 has its own inspection system, for example for detecting defects such as surface cracks or other defects on the slab 3, this information can of course be used for the route decision.
  • the process planning system 9 or the corresponding process control system 8 can take customer requests into account when making the route decision. For example, a slab 3 that meets special quality requirements can be diverted to the slab storage facility 11 or for direct purchase by the customer.
  • the planned end application can play a special role here, for example with regard to surface quality or degrees of deformation for deep drawing of sheets to be produced from the corresponding slab 3.
  • particularly high demands are usually placed on the surface quality for the outer skin of automobiles.
  • high demands are placed on Si-alloyed grades for electrical sheet production (for example, E-strip with Si contents higher than 3% and Al contents higher than 0.3%).
  • the process with route branching described here enables automated separate treatment of slabs of different grades and quality characteristics, especially surface qualities, at an early stage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Dispositif (100) pour la fabrication et le traitement ultérieur de brames (3) à partir d'un métal, de préférence de l'acier, comprenant :
    un dispositif de coulée continue (1), conçu pour produire au moins une coulée (S) et la transporter dans une direction de transport (T) ;
    un dispositif de coupe (4), disposé en aval du dispositif de coulée continue (1) dans la direction de transport (T) et conçu pour couper la coulée (S) en brames (3) ;
    au moins une première route (R1) et une deuxième route (R2), qui implémentent au moins en partie des lignes de processus différentes pour le traitement ultérieur des brames (3) ;
    un système de contrôle de processus (8), conçu pour prendre une décision de route individuelle pour chaque brame en fonction d'au moins une grandeur de processus mesurée ou calculée, attribuant ainsi une des multiples routes (R1, R2) à la brame (3) correspondante, et pour initier le traitement ultérieur de la brame (3) correspondante le long de la route attribuée (R1, R2) ; et
    un four (2), de préférence un four à sole mobile, disposé en aval du dispositif de coupe (4) dans la direction de transport (T) et conçu pour chauffer les brames (3) à une température de formage appropriée pour transformer les brames (3) dans un ensemble de formage, de préférence un laminoir (12),
    la première route (R1) étant conçue pour introduire la brame (3) correspondante dans le four (2) essentiellement immédiatement après la coupe par le dispositif de coupe (4), de sorte que la brame (3) correspondante soit introduite dans le four (2) avec une température de surface de 600 °C ou plus, et
    la deuxième route (R2) étant conçue pour acheminer les brames (3) correspondantes après la coupe par le dispositif de coupe (4) vers un dépôt de brames (11) pour un stockage intermédiaire, une installation de chauffage (18) étant en outre prévue pour préchauffer les brames (3) qui ont refroidi dans le dépôt de brames (11) à une température de 600 °C ou plus.
  2. Dispositif (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première route (R1) est conçue pour introduire la brame (3) correspondante dans le four (2) avec une température de surface de 850 °C ou plus.
  3. Dispositif (100) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la première route (R1) ne comporte pas de décalamineur entre le dispositif de coupe (4) et le four (2), et de préférence la première route (R1) ne comporte aucun dispositif de traitement des brames (3) entre le dispositif de coupe (4) et le four (2), à l'exception de moyens de transport tels qu'un convoyeur à rouleaux et/ou des systèmes d'inspection et/ou des dispositifs de chauffage et/ou des dispositifs de refroidissement.
  4. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième route (R2) est conçue pour transporter les brames (3) correspondantes devant le four (2) ou au-delà du four (2).
  5. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'installation de chauffage (18) est conçue pour préchauffer les brames (3) ayant refroidi dans le dépôt de brames (11) à une température de 850 °C ou plus.
  6. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre l'ensemble de formage, de préférence un laminoir (12) avec un ou plusieurs cages de laminage (13), disposé dans la ligne de processus en aval du four (2) dans la direction de transport (T).
  7. Dispositif (100) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de formage comporte une ou plusieurs installations de décalaminage (16) et/ou un ou plusieurs dispositifs de chauffage (6) et/ou un ou plusieurs systèmes d'inspection (21) et/ou un dispositif de soudage (22) pour souder ensemble des brames (3) successives ou des bandes intermédiaires.
  8. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une des multiples routes (R1, R2) est conçue pour évacuer les brames (3) correspondantes après la coupe par le dispositif de coupe (4).
  9. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système de contrôle de processus (8) est conçu pour prendre la décision de route pour une brame (3) en tenant compte d'une ou de plusieurs des grandeurs de processus mesurées ou calculées suivantes : température de la brame (3), en particulier la température de surface, propriétés métallurgiques de la brame (3), par exemple l'alliage tel que la teneur en Si ou le type d'acier, qualité de la brame (3), de préférence l'état de surface, application finale prévue.
  10. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de coupe (4) comprend un système d'inspection (7) ou qu'un système d'inspection (7) est disposé essentiellement immédiatement en aval du dispositif de coupe (4), ce système étant couplé de manière communicative avec le système de contrôle de processus (8) et conçu pour détecter une ou plusieurs grandeurs physiques des brames (3) et les transmettre au système de contrôle de processus (8), le système de contrôle de processus (8) étant conçu pour utiliser les données reçues du système d'inspection (7) pour prendre la décision de route.
  11. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un ou plusieurs dispositifs de chauffage (6) sont disposés en amont du dispositif de coupe (4) ou d'un découpleur (5) et/ou en aval du dispositif de coupe (4), les dispositifs de chauffage (6) étant de préférence réalisés de manière inductive, avec des brûleurs à gaz ou électriquement.
  12. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est conçu pour la fabrication et le traitement ultérieur de brames (3) moyennes ayant une épaisseur de brame comprise dans la plage de 110 à 200 mm, de préférence supérieure à 140 mm.
  13. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de coulée continue (1) comporte une lingotière (1a) conçue pour recevoir le métal liquide et délivrer la coulée (S) vers le bas, la lingotière (1c) comprenant deux plaques parallèles faisant face l'une à l'autre, qui définissent une épaisseur de la coulée comprise dans la plage de 110 à 200 mm, de préférence supérieure à 140 mm.
  14. Dispositif (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de coupe (4) comprend une cisaille, de préférence une cisaille pendulaire.
  15. Procédé pour la fabrication et le traitement ultérieur de brames (3) à partir d'un métal, de préférence de l'acier, comprenant :
    produire et transporter une coulée (S) le long d'une direction de transport (T) au moyen d'un dispositif de coulée continue (1) ;
    couper la coulée (S) en brames (3) au moyen d'un dispositif de coupe (4) disposé en aval du dispositif de coulée continue (1) dans la direction de transport (T) ;
    prendre une décision de route individuelle en fonction d'au moins une grandeur de processus mesurée ou calculée, attribuant ainsi une des multiples routes (R1, R2) à la brame (3) correspondante ; et
    traiter ultérieurement la brame (3) correspondante le long de la route attribuée (R1, R2) ;
    les brames (3) traitées le long d'une première route (R1) étant introduites après la coupe dans un four (2), disposé en aval du dispositif de coupe (4) dans la direction de transport (T), pour chauffer les brames (3) correspondantes à une température de formage appropriée pour transformer les brames (3) dans un ensemble de formage, de préférence un laminoir (12),
    les brames (3) de la première route (R1) étant introduites dans le four (2) essentiellement immédiatement après la coupe, de sorte que les brames (3) correspondantes soient introduites dans le four (2) à une température de 600 °C ou plus, et
    les brames (3) traitées le long d'une deuxième route (R2) étant acheminées après la coupe par le dispositif de coupe (4) vers un dépôt de brames (11) pour un stockage intermédiaire, les brames (3) ayant refroidi dans le dépôt de brames (11) étant préchauffées à une température de 600 °C ou plus au moyen d'une installation de chauffage (18).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les brames (3) de la première route (R1) sont introduites dans le four (2) à une température de 850 °C ou plus.
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US12440890B2 (en) 2025-10-14
WO2021058433A1 (fr) 2021-04-01
US20220339695A1 (en) 2022-10-27
FI4034318T3 (fi) 2024-09-11
EP4034318A1 (fr) 2022-08-03
EP4424438A3 (fr) 2024-10-02
CN114466717A (zh) 2022-05-10
EP4424438A2 (fr) 2024-09-04

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