EP4058627B1 - Mehrlitziges kabel mit zwei schichten mit ummantelter innenschicht mit verbesserter durchdringbarkeit - Google Patents

Mehrlitziges kabel mit zwei schichten mit ummantelter innenschicht mit verbesserter durchdringbarkeit

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Publication number
EP4058627B1
EP4058627B1 EP20817460.7A EP20817460A EP4058627B1 EP 4058627 B1 EP4058627 B1 EP 4058627B1 EP 20817460 A EP20817460 A EP 20817460A EP 4058627 B1 EP4058627 B1 EP 4058627B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
external
strand
cord
internal
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP20817460.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4058627A1 (de
Inventor
Alexandre GIANETTI
Marianna CHEVALLEY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
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Publication of EP4058627A1 publication Critical patent/EP4058627A1/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0613—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the rope configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2065—Cores characterised by their structure comprising a coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2075—Fillers
    • D07B2201/2079—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling
    • D07B2201/2081—Fillers characterised by the kind or amount of filling having maximum filling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
    • D07B2207/40—Machine components
    • D07B2207/4072—Means for mechanically reducing serpentining or mechanically killing of rope

Definitions

  • the invention relates to multi-strand cables usable in particular for the reinforcement of tires, especially tires for heavy industrial vehicles.
  • a radially reinforced tire comprises a tread, two inextensible beads, two sidewalls connecting the beads to the tread, and a crown belt, or crown reinforcement, arranged circumferentially between the carcass reinforcement and the tread.
  • This crown reinforcement comprises several layers of elastomeric composition, possibly reinforced by reinforcing elements such as cables or monofilaments, of metallic or textile type.
  • the crown reinforcement generally comprises at least two superimposed crown layers, sometimes called working layers or crossed layers, whose reinforcing elements, generally metallic, are arranged practically parallel to each other within a layer, but crossed from one layer to the other, that is to say inclined, symmetrically or not, with respect to the median circumferential plane, at an angle that is generally between 10° and 45°.
  • the working layers generally include reinforcing elements with very low elongation in order to ensure their function of guiding the tire.
  • the top reinforcement may also include various other auxiliary layers or sheets of elastomeric composition, of varying widths depending on the application, with or without reinforcing elements.
  • auxiliary layers or sheets of elastomeric composition of varying widths depending on the application, with or without reinforcing elements.
  • Examples include protective layers designed to protect the rest of the belt from external damage and perforations, and reinforcing layers with reinforcing elements oriented approximately along the circumferential direction (so-called zero-degree layers), whether radially external or internal to the working layers.
  • Protective layers generally include reinforcing elements with high elongation so as to deform under the stress exerted by an indenter, such as a rock.
  • a prior art element for reinforcing a working web comprising a two-layer, multi-strand metallic cable is known, as disclosed in the examples of WO2016051669
  • This cable comprises an inner layer consisting of one inner strand and an outer layer consisting of seven outer strands wound helically around the inner layer.
  • the inner strand comprises an inner layer of two internal metal wires and an outer layer of nine external metal wires.
  • Each outer strand comprises an inner layer of three internal metal wires and an outer layer of eight external metal wires.
  • WO2019122720 A1 discloses a two-layer multi-strand cable, in which the outer layers of the inner and outer strands are desaturated.
  • Another way to increase tire life is to increase the cable's breaking strength. This is generally increased by increasing the diameter of the wires making up the cable and/or the number of wires and/or the breaking strength of each wire. However, increasing the wire diameter further, for example beyond 0.45 mm as specified in the application, is not recommended. WO2016051669 This inevitably leads to a decrease in cable flexibility, which is undesirable. Increasing the number of wires usually results in a decrease in the penetration of the strands due to the elastomer composition. Finally, increasing the individual resistance of each wire requires significant investments in wire manufacturing facilities.
  • the invention aims to provide a cable exhibiting improved penetrability of its outer strands and better accessibility of the inner strand due to the elastomer composition, compared to the cable of the application WO2016051669 thus reducing the entry and propagation of corrosive agents in and along the cable without degrading the cable's breaking strength.
  • the invention relates to a two-layer multi-strand cable according to claim 1.
  • any range of values designated by the expression “between a and b” represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e., excluding bounds a and b) while any range of values designated by the expression “from a to b” means the range of values from the bound "a” to the bound "b", i.e., including the strict bounds "a” and "b".
  • the helix radius R2 of the outer layer of the cable is the radius of the theoretical circle passing through the centers of the outer strands of the outer layer in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cable.
  • the diameter of a strand is the diameter of the smallest circle in which the strand is circumscribed.
  • a desaturated layer of wires is one in which there is sufficient space between the metal wires to allow the passage of a non-crosslinked elastomer composition.
  • the outer layer of each strand is desaturated, meaning that the metal wires of the outer layer do not touch and that there is sufficient space between two adjacent outer metal wires to allow the passage of an elastomer composition; that is, such that the sum of the inter-wire distances is greater than or equal to the wire diameter.
  • the inter-wire distance of a layer is defined, on a section of the cable perpendicular to the main axis of the cable, as the shortest average distance between two adjacent wires in the layer.
  • the inter-wire distance is calculated by dividing the sum of the inter-wire distances by the number of spaces separating the wires in the layer.
  • a layer can be desaturated when the inter-wire distance is greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the inter-wire distance I3 of the outer layer of the inner strand or strand is greater than or equal to 15 ⁇ m, more preferably greater than or equal to 35 ⁇ m, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m and very preferably greater than or equal to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the inter-wire distance I3' of the outer layer of each outer strand is greater than or equal to 15 ⁇ m, more preferably greater than or equal to 35 ⁇ m, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m and very preferably greater than or equal to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the inter-wire distance of the outer layer of each strand is less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m.
  • a saturated layer of wires is such that there is not enough space between the metal wires to allow the passage of an elastomer composition, i.e. such that the sum of the inter-wire distances is strictly less than the wire diameter.
  • the cable has two layers of strands, that is to say, it comprises an assembly consisting of two layers of strands, no more and no less, that is to say, the assembly has two layers of strands, not one, not three, but only two.
  • elastomeric composition or elastomeric composition we mean that the composition includes at least one elastomer or rubber (the two terms being synonyms) and at least one other component.
  • the inner layer of the cable is surrounded by an elastomeric composition with a thickness G and then it is surrounded by an outer layer.
  • the cable according to the invention exhibits improved penetrability compared to a cable of the examples of WO2011000963 which is not penetrated due to the absence of elastomeric composition between the inner and outer layers.
  • the inventors of the invention hypothesize that this initial R2/Rt ratio, ranging from 1.02 to 1.25, provides sufficient thickness of elastomeric composition to infiltrate the inner strand and fill the gaps.
  • desaturation of the outer layers allows the elastomeric composition to penetrate, firstly, between the outer strands and, secondly, between the outer strands and the inner strand(s), thus pushing the elastomeric composition from the sheath into the inner strand(s) to penetrate the central capillary. Therefore, with a final step that brings the outer strands closer to the inner layer, the cable diameter can be reduced while ensuring excellent penetration.
  • the internal strand or strands are cylindrically layered.
  • each outer strand has cylindrical layers.
  • each inner and outer strand has cylindrical layers. Recall that such cylindrical layers are obtained when the different layers of a strand are wound at different pitches and/or when the winding directions of these layers differ from one layer to another.
  • a strand with cylindrical layers is highly penetrable, unlike a strand with tightly packed layers, in which the pitch of all layers is equal and the winding directions of all layers are identical, which exhibits much lower penetrability.
  • the pitch of a strand represents the length of that strand, measured parallel to the axis of the cable, at the end of which the strand with that pitch makes one complete turn around said axis of the cable.
  • the pitch of a wire represents the length of that wire, measured parallel to the axis of the strand in which it is located, at the end of which the wire with that pitch makes one complete turn around said axis of the strand.
  • the winding direction of a layer of strands or wires refers to the direction formed by the strands or wires relative to the axis of the cable or strand.
  • the winding direction is commonly designated by the letter either Z or S.
  • the pitch, winding direction and diameters of the wires and strands are determined in accordance with ASTM D2969-04 of 2014.
  • the strands do not undergo pre-formation.
  • the cable is metallic.
  • metallic cable we mean by A cable is defined as a wire made primarily (i.e., more than 50%) or entirely (100%) of a metallic material.
  • Such a metallic cable is preferably made of steel, more preferably pearlitic (or ferritic-pearlitic) carbon steel, hereinafter referred to as "carbon steel,” or stainless steel (by definition, steel containing at least 11% chromium and at least 50% iron).
  • carbon steel pearlitic (or ferritic-pearlitic) carbon steel
  • stainless steel by definition, steel containing at least 11% chromium and at least 50% iron.
  • other steels or alloys can of course be used.
  • carbon steel When carbon steel is advantageously used, its carbon content (% by weight of steel) is preferably between 0.05% and 1.2%, especially between 0.4% and 1.1%; these contents represent a good compromise between the mechanical properties required for pneumatics and the feasibility of the wires.
  • the metal or steel used may itself be coated with a metallic layer that improves, for example, the handling properties of the wire rope and/or its constituent elements, or the performance properties of the rope and/or the tire itself, such as adhesion, corrosion resistance, or resistance to aging.
  • the steel used is coated with a layer of brass (a zinc-copper alloy) or zinc.
  • the wires in the same layer of a predetermined strand all have substantially the same diameter.
  • the outer strands all have substantially the same diameter.
  • the outer strands are wound helically around the inner strand with a pitch ranging from 40 mm to 100 mm and preferably from 50 mm to 90 mm.
  • the outer layer of the cable is saturated.
  • a saturated cable layer is one in which the inter-strand spacing of the outermost strands is strictly less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • the inter-strand spacing of the outermost layer of outermost strands is defined, on a cable section perpendicular to the main cable axis, as the shortest average distance between the circular envelopes in which two adjacent outermost strands are embedded.
  • a desaturated cable layer is such that the inter-strand distance of the outer strands is greater than or equal to 20 ⁇ m.
  • L is less than or equal to the maximum number of external strands Lmax that can be arranged on the theoretical external layer having a helix radius Rt and L is such that the external layer is incompletely unsaturated.
  • an incompletely unsaturated layer is one in which there is insufficient space to add at least one (P+1) th strand of the same diameter as the P strands in the layer.
  • a completely unsaturated layer is one in which there is enough space to add at least one (P+1) th strand of the same diameter as the P strands of the layer, with several strands potentially in contact with each other.
  • L is equal to the maximum number of outer strands Lmax that can be arranged on the theoretical outer layer having a helix radius Rt, and L is such that the outer layer is incompletely unsaturated.
  • the outer layer comprises a high number of outer strands and therefore exhibits a relatively high breaking strength.
  • the thickness G of the elastomeric composition sheath is strictly greater than 0 mm and preferably greater than or equal to 0.01 mm. The greater the thickness G of the elastomeric composition, the better the penetrability into the inner layer.
  • the thickness G of the elastomeric sheath is less than or equal to 0.80 mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.60 mm, and more preferably less than or equal to 0.52 mm. This thickness optimizes the penetrability of the inner layer while limiting the outer diameter of the cable.
  • the elastomeric composition comprises an elastomer selected from the group consisting of polybutadienes, natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprenes, butadiene copolymers, isoprene copolymers, and mixtures of these elastomers.
  • the elastomeric composition comprises an elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprenes, and copolymers. of isoprene, and mixtures of these elastomers.
  • the elastomer composition also includes a vulcanization system and a filler. More preferably, the elastomer is diene.
  • the elastomeric composition includes carbon black as a reinforcing filler.
  • L 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10
  • L 6, 7, 8 or 9
  • L 6 or 9
  • the presence of the elastomeric composition will relieve the contact pressures on the inner strand while ensuring good penetration of the latter.
  • cables where K > 1 the most severe transverse forces acting on the cable when it is under tension are the transverse forces acting between the inner strands.
  • cables with an architecture where K > 1 and a number of outer strands are known, such that the outer layer of the cable is saturated to maximize the breaking strength by adding the maximum number of outer strands.
  • the cable exhibits, on the one hand, spaces between the outer strands allowing the passage of the elastomer composition and thus making the cable less susceptible to corrosion.
  • the desaturation of the outer layer of the strands allows the elastomeric composition to penetrate, on the one hand, between the external wires and, on the other hand, to push the elastomeric composition of the sheath between the internal strands so as to form a cushion of elastomeric composition that absorbs at least partially the transverse forces exerted. between the internal strands.
  • better corrosion resistance is obtained.
  • N 7, 8, 9 or 10.
  • each internal wire of the inner strand has a diameter d1 equal to the diameter d3 of each external wire of the inner strand.
  • the same wire diameter is preferentially used on the inner and outer layers of the inner strand, which limits the number of different wires to be managed during cable manufacturing.
  • N' 7, 8, 9 or 10.
  • each inner wire of the outer strand has a diameter d1' equal to the diameter d3' of each outer wire of the outer strand.
  • the same wire diameter is preferentially used on the inner and outer layers of the outer strand, which limits the number of different wires to be managed during cable manufacturing.
  • each metal wire has respectively a diameter d1, d1', d3, d3' ranging from 0.10 mm to 0.60 mm, preferably from 0.12 mm to 0.50 mm and more preferably from 0.15 mm to 0.42 mm.
  • Another object of the invention is a method for manufacturing a two-layer multi-strand cable according to claim 11.
  • the helical assembly steps of the K ⁇ 1 internal strands and the L>1 external strands around the internal layer of the cable are done by wiring.
  • the means used to bring the outer layer of the cable closer to the circle in which the inner layer of the cable is circumscribed are, for example, made up of two rows of rollers mounted opposite each other but offset and between which the cable is passed.
  • one of the rows is mobile and can be brought closer to the fixed row so that the cable undergoes a succession of bending.
  • the rows of rollers are mobile around the axis of the cable.
  • the reinforced product comprises one or more cables according to the invention embedded in the elastomeric matrix, and in the case of several cables, the cables are arranged side by side along a main direction.
  • Another object of the invention is a pneumatic tire comprising at least one cable or reinforced product as defined above.
  • the tire comprises a carcass reinforcement anchored in two beads and radially surmounted by a crown reinforcement itself surmounted by a tread, the crown reinforcement being joined to said beads by two sidewalls and comprising at least one cord as defined above.
  • the top reinforcement comprises a protective reinforcement and a working reinforcement, the working reinforcement comprising at least one cable as defined above, the protective reinforcement being radially interposed between the tread and the working reinforcement.
  • the cable is particularly intended for industrial vehicles chosen from among heavy vehicles such as "Heavy Goods Vehicles” - i.e., metro, bus, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-road vehicles -, agricultural or civil engineering vehicles, other transport or handling vehicles.
  • Heavy vehicles such as "Heavy Goods Vehicles” - i.e., metro, bus, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-road vehicles -, agricultural or civil engineering vehicles, other transport or handling vehicles.
  • the tire is for construction equipment type vehicles.
  • the tire has a dimension in which the diameter, in inches, of the rim seat on which the tire is intended to be mounted is greater than or equal to 40 inches.
  • the "circumferential median plane" M of the tire is the plane that is normal to the axis of rotation of the tire and that is equidistant from the annular reinforcement structures of each bead.
  • Tire 10 is for heavy-duty vehicles such as construction equipment, for example, dump trucks. Tire 10 has a size of 53/80R63.
  • the tire 10 comprises a crown 12 reinforced by a crown reinforcement 14, two sidewalls 16, and two beads 18, each of these beads 18 being reinforced with an annular structure, here a bead 20.
  • the crown reinforcement 14 is radially surmounted of a tread 22 and joined to the beads 18 by the sidewalls 16.
  • a carcass reinforcement 24 is anchored in the two beads 18, and is here wrapped around the two beads 20 and includes a turning 26 disposed towards the outside of the tire 20 which is here shown mounted on a rim 28.
  • the carcass reinforcement 24 is radially surmounted by the crown reinforcement 14.
  • the carcass reinforcement 24 comprises at least one carcass layer 30 reinforced by radial carcass cables (not shown).
  • the carcass cables are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend from one bead 18 to the other so as to form an angle between 80° and 90° with the median circumferential plane M (plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire which is located midway between the two bead 18 and passes through the middle of the apex reinforcement 14).
  • the tire 10 also includes a sealing layer 32 made of an elastomer (commonly called inner rubber) which defines the radially inner face 34 of the tire 10 and which is intended to protect the carcass layer 30 from air diffusion from the space inside the tire 10.
  • a sealing layer 32 made of an elastomer (commonly called inner rubber) which defines the radially inner face 34 of the tire 10 and which is intended to protect the carcass layer 30 from air diffusion from the space inside the tire 10.
  • the crown reinforcement 14 comprises, radially from the outside to the inside of the tire 10, a protective reinforcement 36 arranged radially inside the tread 22, a working reinforcement 38 arranged radially inside the protective reinforcement 36, and an additional reinforcement 40 arranged radially inside the working reinforcement 38.
  • the protective reinforcement 36 is thus radially interposed between the tread 22 and the working reinforcement 38.
  • the working reinforcement 38 is radially interposed between the protective reinforcement 36 and the additional reinforcement 40.
  • the protective frame 36 comprises first and second protective layers 42, 44 comprising protective metal cables, the first layer 42 being arranged radially inside the second layer 44.
  • the protective metal cables make an angle of at least 10°, preferably from 10° to 35° and preferably from 15° to 30° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire.
  • the working frame 38 comprises first and second working layers 46, 48, the first layer 46 being arranged radially inside the second layer 48.
  • Each layer 46, 48 comprises at least one cable 50.
  • the working wire cables 50 are crossed from one working layer to the other and make an angle of no more than 60°, preferably from 15° to 40° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire.
  • the additional reinforcement 40 also called the limiting block, whose function is to partially absorb the mechanical stresses of inflation, includes, for example and in a manner known per se, additional metallic reinforcing elements, for example such as those described in FR 2 419 181 Or FR 2 419 182 making an angle of no more than 10°, preferably ranging from 5° to 10° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire 10.
  • the reinforced product 100 comprises at least one cable 50, in this case several cables 50, embedded in the elastomeric matrix 102.
  • the reinforced product 100 comprises several cables 50 arranged side by side along the main direction X and extending parallel to each other within the reinforced product 100 and collectively embedded in the elastomeric matrix 102.
  • the cable 50 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the cable 50 is shown before step 400 of bringing the outer layer CE of the cable closer to the circle in which the inner layer CI of the cable is circumscribed.
  • Cable 50 is metallic and is of the multi-strand, two-layer cylindrical type. Therefore, it is understood that the layers of strands constituting cable 50 are two in number, no more, no less.
  • Cable 50 comprises an inner layer CI consisting of K ⁇ 1 inner strand(s) TI.
  • the inner layer CI is surrounded by an elastomeric composition of thickness G, thus forming the sheathed inner layer CIG.
  • the outer layer CE consists of L>1 outer strands TE wound around the sheathed inner layer CIG of the cable, having a helix radius R2.
  • R2 is here equal to 2.50 mm.
  • the thickness G of the elastomeric composition is such that the ratio R2/Rt ranges from 1.02 to 1.25, where Rt is the helix radius of the theoretical outer layer CET obtained when the inner layer CI is in direct contact with the theoretical outer layer CET.
  • the cable 50 is finally obtained by a process comprising a step 500 to bring the outer layer CE of the cable closer to the circle in which the inner layer CI of the cable is circumscribed such that the ratio R2/Rt goes from 1.00 to 1.10.
  • Cable 50 also includes an unshown F fret made of a single fret wire.
  • the outer layer C3 of each inner strand TI is desaturated and incompletely unsaturated. Being desaturated, the inter-wire spacing of the outer layer of each inner strand is greater than or equal to 15 ⁇ m, more preferably greater than or equal to 35 ⁇ m, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m, and very preferably greater than or equal to 60 ⁇ m, and here equal to 66 ⁇ m.
  • the sum SI3 of the inter-wire spacings I3 of the outer layer of each inner strand is greater than or equal to the diameter d3 of the outer wires of the outer layer of each inner strand.
  • Each inner and outer wire of each internal strand TI has a diameter d1 and d3 respectively.
  • the diameter of the inner wire d1 and outer wire d3 of each internal strand TI ranges from 0.10 mm to 0.60 mm, preferably from 0.12 mm to 0.50 mm, and more preferably from 0.14 mm to 0.42 mm.
  • the outer layer C3' of each outer strand TE is desaturated. Being desaturated, the inter-wire spacing I3' of the outer layer C3' separating the N' outer wires on average is greater than or equal to 15 ⁇ m, more preferably greater than or equal to 35 ⁇ m, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m, and very preferably greater than or equal to 60 ⁇ m, and here equal to 66 ⁇ m.
  • the sum SI3' of the inter-wire spacings I3' of the outer layer of each outer strand is greater than or equal to the diameter d3 of the outer wires of the outer layer of each outer strand.
  • Each inner and outer wire of each external strand TE has a diameter d1' and d3' respectively.
  • the diameter of each inner wire d1' and outer wire d3' of each external strand TE ranges from 0.10 mm to 0.60 mm, preferably from 0.12 mm to 0.50 mm, and more preferably from 0.14 mm to 0.42 mm.
  • the internal strand TI has a diameter d1 equal to the diameter d3 of each external wire F3 of each internal strand TI;
  • each internal metal wire of each external strand TE has a diameter d1' equal to the diameter d3' of each external wire of each external strand TE;
  • the outer CE layer of the cable is desaturated.
  • the average inter-strand distance E between two adjacent outer strands TE is therefore greater than or equal to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the average inter-strand distance E between two adjacent outer strands TE is greater than or equal to 40 ⁇ m, and more preferably to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the inter-strand distance E is equal to 125 ⁇ m.
  • Each wire has a tensile strength, denoted Rm, such that 2500 ⁇ Rm ⁇ 3100 MPa.
  • the steel used for these wires is said to be SHT grade ("Super High Tensile”).
  • Other wires can be used, for example, lower grade wires, such as NT grade ("Normal Tensile") or HT grade ("High Tensile”), as well as higher grade wires, such as UT grade ("Ultra Tensile") or MT grade ("Mega Tensile”).
  • step 100 internal strands TI are assembled in a helix K ⁇ 1 by wiring to form an internal layer CI of the cable.
  • the inner layer CI is surrounded by an elastomeric composition having a thickness G to form an inner sheathed layer CIG, the thickness G of elastomeric composition being such that the ratio R2/Rt goes from 1.02 to 1.25 with Rt being the helix radius of the theoretical outer layer CET obtained when the inner layer CI is directly in contact with the theoretical outer layer CET.
  • torsional balancing we mean here, in a way well known to those skilled in the art, the cancellation of residual torsional couples (or elastic torsional return) acting on each wire of the strand, in the intermediate layer as well as in the outer layer.
  • each strand is wound onto one or more receiving reels for storage, prior to the subsequent assembly operation of wiring the individual strands to obtain the multi-strand cable.
  • step 300 external strands TE are assembled in a helix L>1 by wiring around the internal layer CI of the cable.
  • step 400 means 500 are used to bring the external layer CE of the cable closer to the circle in which the internal layer CI of the cable is circumscribed such that the ratio R2/Rt goes from 1.00 to 1.10.
  • This step 400 is described with reference to the Figure 10 .
  • the means used to bring the outer layer CE of the cable closer to the circle in which the inner layer CI of the cable is circumscribed consist, for example, of two rows of rollers mounted opposite each other but offset, between which the cable is passed. Each row contains between 6 and 8 rollers. One of the rows is movable and can be brought closer to the fixed row so that the cable undergoes a series of bends. These rows of rollers can be fixed or movable around the axis of the cable.
  • the cable undergoes a series of bends that reduce its diameter, as illustrated in Figure 10 .
  • L is equal to the maximum number of outer strands (OT) Lmax that can be arranged on the theoretical outer layer (OT) having a helix radius Rt, and L is such that the outer layer (OT) is incompletely unsaturated.
  • the elastomeric composition includes a vulcanization system, a filler, and a diene elastomer.
  • An elastomeric composition consisting of elastomer(s) conventional dienic(s) for tires, based on natural (peptized) rubber and N330 carbon black (65 pc), also containing the following usual additives: sulfur (7 pc), sulfenamide accelerator (1 pc), ZnO (8 pc), stearic acid (0.7 pc), antioxidant (1.5 pc), cobalt naphthenate (1.5 pc) (pc meaning parts by weight per hundred parts of elastomer); the E10 modulus of the elastomeric coating composition is approximately 10 MPa.
  • the composite fabrics reinforced by these cables have an elastomeric matrix composed of two thin layers of elastomeric material superimposed on either side of the cables, with thicknesses ranging from 1 mm to 4 mm respectively.
  • the calendering pitch (the spacing of the cables within the elastomeric fabric) ranges from 4 mm to 8 mm.
  • a cable 60 according to a second embodiment of the invention The cable 60 is shown before step 400, which brings the outer layer CE of the cable closer to the circle in which the inner layer CI of the cable is circumscribed.
  • Elements analogous to the first embodiment are designated by identical reference numerals.
  • Table 1 summarizes the characteristics for the different cables 50, 51, 60, 70 and 80.
  • Table 1 Cables 50 60 70 80 51 TI Q/N 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 d1/d3 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 direction C1/step p1 (mm) Z/ 7.7 Z/ 7.7 Z/ 7.7 Z/ 7.7 direction C3/not p3 (mm) Z / 15.4 Z / 15.4 Z / 15.4 Z / 15.4 Z / 15.4 I3( ⁇ m)/SI3(mm) 66/0.53 66/0.53 66/0.53 66/0.53 66/0.53 Sheath G (mm) 0.05 0.11 0.06 0.08 0.01 YOU Q'/N' 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 d1'/d3' 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.35
  • This test determines the longitudinal air permeability of the cables being tested by measuring the volume of air passing through a test specimen under constant pressure over a given time.
  • the principle of such a test is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a cable treatment to make it airtight; it has been described, for example, in ASTM D2692-98.
  • This test is performed on cables fresh from manufacturing and not aged.
  • the raw cables are first coated externally with an elastomeric composition known as the coating.
  • an elastomeric composition known as the coating.
  • a series of 10 cables arranged parallel to each other is placed between two layers or "skims" (two 80 x 200 mm rectangles) of a raw diene elastomeric composition, each skim being 5 mm thick; the whole assembly is then secured in a mold, each cable being held under sufficient tension (for example, 3 daN) to guarantee its straightness during placement in the mold, using clamping modules; then vulcanization (curing) takes place for approximately 10 to 12 hours at a temperature of about 120°C and under a pressure of 15 bar (rectangular piston of 80 x 200 mm). After which, the whole thing is removed from the mold and 10 test specimens of the coated cables are cut, in the form of parallelepipeds with dimensions of 7x7x60 mm, for characterization.
  • the test is performed on a 6 cm length of cable, coated by its surrounding elastomeric composition (or coating elastomeric composition) in its cured state, as follows: air is introduced into the cable inlet under a pressure of 1 bar, and the volume of air exiting is measured using a flow meter (calibrated, for example, from 0 to 500 cm3 /min).
  • a flow meter calibrated, for example, from 0 to 500 cm3 /min.
  • the cable sample is held in a compressed airtight seal (for example, a dense foam or rubber seal) such that only the quantity of air passing through the cable from one end to the other, along its longitudinal axis, is taken into account by the measurement; the airtightness of the seal itself is checked beforehand using a solid elastomeric composition test specimen, i.e., without cable.
  • the average measured airflow (average over the 10 test specimens) is lower the higher the longitudinal impermeability of the cable. Since the measurement is made with an accuracy of ⁇ 0.2 cm3 /min, measured values less than or equal to 0.2 cm3 /min are considered zero; they correspond to a cable that can be described as airtight (completely airtight) along its axis (i.e., in its longitudinal direction).
  • Table 2 summarizes the characteristics of the T1 and T2 test cables and the EDT prior art cable (example 3 of WO2016051669 ).
  • Table 2 Cables T1 T2 EDT TI Q/N 3/8 3/8 2/9 d1/d3 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.48/0.48 direction C1/step p1 (mm) Z/ 7.7 Z/ 7.7 Z/ 7.7 direction C3/not p3 (mm) Z / 15.4 Z / 15.4 Z / 15.4 13( ⁇ m)/SI3(mm) 66/0.53 66/0.53 0 Sheath G (mm) 0 0 0 YOU Q'/N' 3/8 3/8 3/8 d1'/d3' 0.35/0.35 0.35/0.35 0.28/0.37 direction C1'/not p1' (mm) Z/ 7.7 Z/ 7.7 Z/ 7.7 direction C3'/not p3' (mm) Z / 15.4 Z / 15.4 I3'( ⁇
  • Tables 3 to 5 below summarize the permeability test results for the different test cables T1 and T2, the prior art cable EDT, and the cables according to the invention 50, 60 and 80. The results of these tests are given on a scale of 100. Thus, a result of 100 in any of these tests means that the tested cable has maximum penetrability, i.e. that the cable is totally airtight.
  • cable 50 according to the invention exhibits significantly greater penetration than the control cable T1, and therefore a penetration close to 100%, solely due to the R2/Rt ratio conforming to the invention. This is also evident on the figure 11 , that the central capillary is totally penetrated for cable 50 while that of T1 is not, the arrows indicating the areas where there is a lack of elastomeric composition.
  • cable 60 according to the invention exhibits superior penetrability to that of the cable of the state of the art EDT.
  • cable 80 according to the invention exhibits a significantly higher penetration capability than that of the T2 test cable.

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Claims (12)

  1. Mehrlitziges Seil (50) mit zwei Lagen, umfassend:
    - eine innere Lage (CI) des Seils, die aus K>1 inneren Litze(n) (TI) besteht, wobei die oder jede innere Litze (TI) zwei Lagen (C1, C3) aufweist und Folgendes umfasst:
    • eine innere Lage (C1), die aus Q= 2, 3 oder 4 inneren Metalldrähten (F1) besteht, und
    • eine äußere Lage (C3), die aus N äußeren Metalldrähten (F3) mit dem Durchmesser d3 besteht, die um die innere Lage (C1) gewickelt sind,
    - eine äußere Lage (CE) des Seils, die aus L>1 äußeren Litzen (TE) besteht, die um die innere Lage (CI) des Seils gewickelt sind, und einen Helixradius R2 aufweist, wobei jede äußere Litze (TE) zwei Lagen (C1', C3') aufweist und Folgendes umfasst:
    • eine innere Lage (CT), die aus Q'=2, 3 oder 4 inneren Metalldrähten (F1') besteht, und
    • eine äußere Lage (C3'), die aus N' äußeren Metalldrähten (F3') mit dem Durchmesser d3' besteht, die um die innere Lage (CT) gewickelt sind, wobei:
    - die äußere Lage (C3) der oder jeder inneren Litze (TI) so entsättigt ist, dass die Summe SI3 der Zwischendrahtabstände I3 der äußeren Lage der oder jeder inneren Litze (TI) größer oder gleich dem Durchmesser d3 ist;
    - die äußere Lage (C3') jeder äußeren Litze (TE) so entsättigt ist, dass die Summe SI3' der Zwischendrahtabstände I3' der äußeren Lage (C3') jeder äußeren Litze (TE) größer oder gleich dem Durchmesser d3' ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    - das Seil (50) durch ein Verfahren erhalten wird, das Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen Schritt des Fertigens der ummantelten inneren Lage (CIG), bei dem die innere Lage (CI) mit einer Elastomerzusammensetzung, die eine Dicke G aufweist, dann mit einer äußeren Lage (CE) umgeben wird, wobei die Dicke G der Elastomerzusammensetzung derart ist, dass das Verhältnis R2/Rt von 1,02 bis 1,25 reicht, wobei Rt der Helixradius der theoretischen äußeren Lage (CET) ist, der erhalten wird, wenn die innere Lage (CI) direkt in Kontakt mit der theoretischen äußeren Lage (CET) ist; und
    - einen Schritt (400) zum Heranführen der äußeren Lage (CE) des Seils an den Kreis, in den die innere Lage (CI) des Seils einbeschrieben ist, so dass das Verhältnis R2/Rt von 1,00 bis 1,10 reicht;
    wobei der Mantel aus Elastomerzusammensetzung eine Dicke größer oder gleich 0,01 mm hat.
  2. Seil (50) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die äußere Lage (CE) des Seils so gesättigt ist, dass der Zwischenlitzenabstand der äußeren Litzen, der, über einen zur Hauptachse des Seils (50) senkrechten Abschnitt des Seils, als der kürzeste Abstand definiert ist, der im Durchschnitt die kreisförmigen Hüllen trennt, in die zwei benachbarte äußere Litzen (TE) einbeschrieben sind, strikt kleiner als 20 µm ist.
  3. Seil (50) nach Anspruch 1, wobei L gleich der maximalen Anzahl von äußeren Litzen (TE) Lmax ist, die auf der theoretischen äußeren Lage (CET), die einen Helixradius Rt aufweist, angeordnet werden können, und L derart ist, dass die äußere Lage (CE) unvollständig ungesättigt ist.
  4. Seil (50) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Dicke G des Mantels aus Elastomerzusammensetzung kleiner als oder gleich 0,80 mm, bevorzugt kleiner als oder gleich 0,60 mm und noch bevorzugter kleiner als oder gleich 0,52 mm ist.
  5. Seil (50) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Elastomerzusammensetzung ein Elastomer umfasst, das aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die aus den Polybutadienen, dem Naturkautschuk, den synthetischen Polyisoprenen, den Butadien-Copolymeren, den Isopren-Copolymeren und den Mischungen dieser Elastomere besteht.
  6. Seil (50) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei K=1, 2, 3 oder 4, bevorzugt K=1, 2 oder 3 und noch bevorzugter K=1 oder 3.
  7. Seil (50) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei L=6, 7, 8, 9 oder 10, bevorzugt L=6, 7, 8 oder 9 und noch bevorzugter L=6 oder 9.
  8. Seil (50) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei N=7, 8, 9 oder 10.
  9. Seil (50) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei N' =7, 8, 9 oder 10.
  10. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrlitzigen Seils (50) mit zwei Lagen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    - in einem Schritt (100) K>1 innere Litzen (TI) durch Verseilen oder Verzwirnen spiralförmig zusammengefügt werden, um eine innere Lage (CI) des Seils zu bilden; wobei die oder jede innere Litze (TI) zwei Lagen (C1, C3) aufweist und Folgendes umfasst: eine innere Lage (C1), die aus Q= 2, 3 oder 4 inneren Metalldrähten (F1) besteht, und eine äußere Lage (C3), die aus N äußeren Metalldrähten (F3) mit dem Durchmesser d3 besteht, die um die innere Lage (C1) gewickelt sind, so dass die Summe SI3 der Zwischendrahtabstände I3 der äußeren Lage der oder jeder inneren Litze (TI) größer oder gleich dem Durchmesser d3 ist;
    - in einem Schritt (200) die innere Lage (CI) mit einer Elastomerzusammensetzung umgeben wird,
    die eine Dicke G aufweist, um eine ummantelte innere Lage (CIG) zu bilden, wobei die Dicke G der Elastomerzusammensetzung derart ist, dass das Verhältnis R2/Rt von 1,02 bis 1,25 reicht, wobei Rt der Helixradius der theoretischen äußeren Lage (CET) ist, der erhalten wird, wenn die innere Lage (CI) direkt in Kontakt mit der theoretischen äußeren Lage (CET) ist;
    - in einem Schritt (300) L>1 äußere Litzen (TE) durch Verseilen oder Verzwirnen um die innere Lage (CI) des Seils spiralförmig zusammengefügt werden, wobei jede äußere Litze (TE) zwei Lagen (C1', C3') aufweist und Folgendes umfasst: eine innere Lage (CT), die aus Q'=2, 3 oder 4 inneren Metalldrähten (F1') besteht, und eine äußere Lage (C3'), die aus N' äußeren Metalldrähten (F3') mit dem Durchmesser d3' besteht, die um die innere Lage (CT) gewickelt sind, so dass die Summe SI3' der Zwischendrahtabstände I3' der äußeren Lage (C3') jeder äußeren Litze (TE) größer oder gleich dem Durchmesser d3' ist;
    - in einem Schritt (400) Mittel (500) verwendet werden zum Heranführen der äußeren Lage (CE) des Seils an den Kreis, in den die innere Lage (CI) des Seils einbeschrieben ist, so dass das Verhältnis R2/Rt von 1,00 bis 1,10 reicht;
    wobei der Mantel aus Elastomerzusammensetzung eine Dicke größer oder gleich 0,01 mm hat.
  11. Verstärktes Produkt (100), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Elastomermatrix (102) und mindestens ein Seil (50) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 umfasst.
  12. Reifen (10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er mindestens ein Seil (50) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 oder ein verstärktes Produkt nach Anspruch 11 umfasst.
EP20817460.7A 2019-11-15 2020-11-05 Mehrlitziges kabel mit zwei schichten mit ummantelter innenschicht mit verbesserter durchdringbarkeit Active EP4058627B1 (de)

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FR1912767 2019-11-15
PCT/FR2020/051996 WO2021094675A1 (fr) 2019-11-15 2020-11-05 Câble multi-torons à deux couches avec couche interne gainée à pénétrabilité améliorée

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JPS4740188Y1 (de) * 1969-12-16 1972-12-05
FR2419181A1 (fr) 1978-03-10 1979-10-05 Michelin & Cie Perfectionnements aux pneumatiques a carcasse radiale
FR2419182A1 (fr) 1978-03-10 1979-10-05 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique a carcasse radiale, notamment pour engins de genie civil
ATE312228T1 (de) * 2000-12-01 2005-12-15 Bekaert Sa Nv Stahlseil zur verstärkung von geländereifen und förderbändern
FR2841573A1 (fr) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-02 Michelin Soc Tech Cables hybrides a couches utilisables pour renforcer des pneumatiques
FR2947574B1 (fr) * 2009-07-03 2012-11-09 Michelin Soc Tech Cable multitorons dont les torons elementaires sont des cables a deux couches gommes in situ.
FR2959517B1 (fr) * 2010-04-28 2012-09-21 Michelin Soc Tech Cable metallique multitorons elastique a haute permeabilite.
FR2990962B1 (fr) * 2012-05-25 2014-06-27 Michelin & Cie Procede de fabrication d'un cable metallique multi-torons a deux couches.
FR2997410B1 (fr) * 2012-10-30 2016-01-01 Michelin & Cie Cable gomme in situ comprenant une composition comprenant un copolymere de styrene-butadiene.
FR3020016B1 (fr) * 2014-04-22 2016-04-01 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique pour vehicule industriel lourd
JP6545942B2 (ja) * 2014-10-01 2019-07-17 株式会社ブリヂストン ゴム物品補強用スチールコードおよびそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ
FR3032978B1 (fr) * 2015-02-19 2017-10-27 Michelin & Cie Cable multitorons de structure 1xn pour armature de protection de pneumatique
FR3017885A1 (fr) * 2015-06-16 2015-08-28 Michelin & Cie Cable metallique multi-torons
EP3728730B1 (de) * 2017-12-19 2022-06-29 Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin Zweilagige mehrsträngige korde mit sehr niedrigen, niedrigen und mittleren moduli
CN111601924B (zh) * 2017-12-19 2022-03-15 米其林集团总公司 具有极低、低和中等的模量的双层多线股帘线

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CN114729504A (zh) 2022-07-08
CA3154431A1 (fr) 2021-05-20
JP2023502224A (ja) 2023-01-23

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