EP4058832A1 - Procédé de fabrication en continu de guides de fibres optiques montés dans un tube métallique à paroi mince et fermé radialement - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication en continu de guides de fibres optiques montés dans un tube métallique à paroi mince et fermé radialement

Info

Publication number
EP4058832A1
EP4058832A1 EP19839405.8A EP19839405A EP4058832A1 EP 4058832 A1 EP4058832 A1 EP 4058832A1 EP 19839405 A EP19839405 A EP 19839405A EP 4058832 A1 EP4058832 A1 EP 4058832A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow profile
fiber
metal
feed
welding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19839405.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Egerer
Olaf Petersen
Steven DINKEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
Original Assignee
Nexans SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexans SA filed Critical Nexans SA
Publication of EP4058832A1 publication Critical patent/EP4058832A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • B23K26/262—Seam welding of rectilinear seams of longitudinal seams of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0093—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring combined with mechanical machining or metal-working covered by other subclasses than B23K
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
    • B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
    • B23K26/034—Observing the temperature of the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/035—Aligning the laser beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/206—Laser sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00
    • B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00 relating to controlling of welding distortion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/4484—Manufacturing methods of optical cables with desired surplus length between fibres and protection features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/4486—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4488—Protective covering using metallic tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B21C37/0822—Guiding or aligning the edges of the bent sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic materials other than metals or composite materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of optical fiber conductors with an outer covering made of metal, in particular the continuous production of such fiber conductors with a thin-walled covering.
  • Fiber conductors for the optical transmission of signals also known as optical waveguides or light conductors
  • Fiber conductors in a plastic or metal jacket are used, for example, in submarine cables and are often also used in earth cables
  • High-voltage lines run as a communication channel.
  • the metal jacket is of great importance as lightning protection because direct lightning strikes in fiber optic cables can cause thermal damage to the fiber optic cable.
  • the fiber conductors surrounded by a metal jacket are also referred to as Fiber in Metal Tube, or FIMT for short.
  • Several fibers can be laid in a metal tube, for example up to 96 fibers with a diameter of 6 mm.
  • temperature fluctuations cause the earth wire and the metal pipe to lengthen or shorten, which have a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the fibers laid inside the pipe, especially at temperatures between -40 and +100 degrees Celsius. This is a problem, especially at high temperatures, because the earth wire and the metal pipe become longer and sag when heated.
  • the diameter of the metal tube can be a multiple of the diameter of the fiber, so that the fiber initially rests against a lower wall side of the tube.
  • the fiber can move freely inside the pipe until it finally rests against the upper side of the wall when the metal pipe expands very much. It is only at this point in time that a tensile stress that goes beyond the tensile stress caused by the weight of the fiber is introduced into the fiber, which can ultimately lead to the fiber breaking.
  • such designs are generally not economical and not practical.
  • the fiber can be accommodated in the metal pipe with a greater length than that of the metal pipe. During manufacture, it is difficult to adjust and control the even distribution of the excess length of the fiber in the pipe.
  • a fiber conductor or a bundle of fiber conductors is fed to a pipe forming process.
  • a flat strip made of a metal e.g. stainless steel, is formed into a tube that is slotted in the longitudinal direction and which encases the fiber conductor or the bundle of fiber conductors.
  • the flat strip, shaped into a tube, is welded longitudinally along the slot.
  • the welding is typically carried out using an arc process such as tungsten inert gas welding (TIG).
  • TIG tungsten inert gas welding
  • the pipes welded using the known arc process also have a pronounced weld bead which protrudes into the inside of the pipe and exposes fiber conductors stored therein to the risk of mechanical damage.
  • pipes with a diameter of less than 0 4.0 mm cannot be produced using the known method. This is the dimensioning of the fiber conductor or the Bunch of fiber conductors enveloping metal tube limited downwards. This in turn leads to a larger minimum bending radius.
  • the setting of the parameters required for the production of the fiber conductors or bundles of fiber conductors stored in metal tubes is therefore carried out in a test run of the production line.
  • a certain length of the metal tube with a fiber conductor or a bundle of fiber conductors stored therein is first produced, which is then measured.
  • the process is repeated with changed parameters of the production line until the measurements are within the target range.
  • the test runs can take up to 1 hour and up to 1 km of material can be required.
  • the conventional manufacturing methods can also be limited in terms of the line lengths that can be manufactured in one piece, which is undesirable when the length required is large because of the necessary connections between successive line segments.
  • the excess length of the fiber is only statistically evenly distributed; in fact it is with conventional procedures It is not possible to ensure an even distribution of the excess length of the fiber, so that a break in the fiber with an elongation of the metal tube that is still tolerable on a statistical average cannot be reliably ruled out.
  • a flat metal strip is first fed, for example from a coil.
  • the width of the supplied metal strip preferably already corresponds to the circumference of the metal hollow profile. If the supplied metal strip is wider than required by the circumference of the metal hollow profile, or if the edges of the metal strip are not sufficiently smooth, the metal strip can be cut to size on one or two sides in a continuous process during the feeding process.
  • the term metal is used in this description both for all types of metals, including non-ferrous metals, and for their alloys, in particular Stainless steels. The speed at which the metal strip is fed or the length fed per unit of time can be recorded continuously.
  • the metal strip which is available in the appropriate width, is continuously formed into a hollow profile with the desired cross-section in a single or multi-stage forming process.
  • the forming process can include bending in several stages in succession in the longitudinal direction of the strip, for example on appropriately set up rollers and profiles.
  • the cross section can be round, oval, in particular high-oval, or also arbitrarily polygonal. A highly oval cross-section can have advantages when closing the hollow profile and can easily be reshaped into a round hollow profile after closing.
  • One or more individual fiber conductors or one or more bundles of fiber conductors, which are to be stored in the hollow profile, are supplied during the forming process or after it.
  • the fiber conductor or conductors can be sheathed with non-metallic layers.
  • guide means can be provided which prevent the fiber conductors from twisting or looping around one another.
  • the fiber conductor or the bundle of fiber conductors is guided within a guide or protective tube that comes from the feed side inside the hollow profile in the withdrawal direction of the hollow profile protrudes beyond the welding point and only then releases the fiber conductor (s).
  • the length of the fiber conductors fed in per unit of time is determined continuously, for example by continuously measuring the feed speed.
  • a filling gel is also introduced into the hollow profile via the guide or protective tube, for example via an annular gap in the guide or protective tube that surrounds the fiber conductor (s), which is separated from the opening that releases the fibers.
  • the filling gel has a lower viscosity at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures.
  • it can therefore be heated before introduction, for example in a storage tank.
  • a fine adjustment of the Gel temperature can take place in a filling hose connecting the storage tank to the guide or protective tube and / or in a filling head.
  • the flow rate per unit of time is measured and adjusted so that the introduced amount of gel does not take up the entire space within the hollow profile, but rather a free space remains.
  • the free space within the hollow profile is necessary, among other things, if the cross-section of the hollow profile is still reduced by drawing processes after closing, so that the gel does not flow backwards against the production direction.
  • the hollow profile, into which the fiber conductor or the bundle of fiber conductors is introduced has, after reshaping, a region which runs in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile and in which the edges of the metal strip are flush against one another. The flush edges of the hollow profile are welded to one another along the abutting edge and thus radially closed.
  • the welding takes place with a laser.
  • the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the laser is referred to by the term “light”, even if the wavelengths of the electromagnetic radiation can be in wavelength ranges that are not visible to humans.
  • the laser brings light energy into a point in the weld area, which is absorbed when it hits the surface of the weld metal and converted into heat.
  • the light In order to bring a sufficiently high energy into the material to be welded, the light must be strongly focused. A strong focus is also necessary because the welding should only take place in the contact area of the edges along the slot. Due to the conduction of heat within the metal, areas directly adjacent to the point of impact of the laser beam can also heat up and, if necessary, melt.
  • the laser beam on the workpiece can have a diameter of not more than 20% of the cross-sectional dimensions of the hollow profile, preferably less than 10%. Tests have shown that the diameter of the laser beam down to 5% of the cross-sectional dimensions can still enable weld seams of good quality, in which case further measures may be necessary, for example moving the focal point over the weld area.
  • the diameter of the laser beam can preferably be less than 10%, that is to say 400 ⁇ m, or less, for example down to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the term cross-sectional dimensions used in this description can refer to a diameter of a hollow profile, or to edge lengths. Depending on the context, the term can also refer to bending radii of edges or the like.
  • the workpiece causes the material to melt locally on both sides of the abutting edge, so that the melts flow into one another.
  • the material solidifies again when it is no longer hit by the laser beam and forms the weld seam. Since the hollow profile, in which the fiber conductor or the fiber conductors are received, is continuously guided past the stationary laser, a continuous weld seam is produced which connects the two edges.
  • the laser power and the speed at which the pipe is guided past the laser must be coordinated with one another. With suitable coordination, smooth weld seams result on the outside as well as on the inside, which do not require any post-processing.
  • Prevent atmosphere and thereby enable high seam quality can with the laser welding used in the invention because of the better Controllability of the energy input even without protective gases
  • Metals with material thicknesses less than 0.15 mm are butt-welded to one another in such a way that no welding bead is formed on the inside of the pipe, which is no longer freely accessible because of the fiber conductors stored therein or the bundle of fiber conductors.
  • the welding point can nevertheless be flowed around or covered with an inert protective gas, for example argon.
  • the use of a protective gas atmosphere can depend, among other things, on the material to be welded and its thickness.
  • the protective gas can be guided into the welding area on the inside of the metal hollow profile, for example through a further annular gap in the guide or protective tube.
  • the energy input by the laser can be distributed either by focusing on a larger target area so that the available energy acts on a larger or smaller area as required, or by moving a particularly narrowly focused laser beam to and fro.
  • the focus on a larger target area can also be formed by a laser profile which has a central focal point of high intensity and an annular region of lower intensity surrounding the central focal point.
  • the weld area can be heated or cooled in a targeted manner along a temperature profile, which can result in a cleaner weld seam and the solidification structure can be influenced in a targeted manner.
  • laser beams can be pulsed in a simple manner, with the energy input being controlled, for example, via the pulse duration and the pulse spacing. Laser welding, especially that
  • Thermal conduction welding with a power density that does not lead to evaporation of the weld metal creates a smooth, rounded weld seam that no longer needs to be reworked.
  • the energy is distributed outside the area in which the laser strikes, only through thermal conduction into the workpiece.
  • the seam width is larger than the seam depth. If the heat cannot dissipate quickly enough, the processing temperature rises above the evaporation temperature, so that Metal vapor is generated and the welding depth increases by leaps and bounds. The process then goes into deep welding.
  • the weld seam quality is reduced and the process stability is influenced, so that the risk of welding defects increases.
  • the guide or protective tube through which the fibers are introduced into the tube can even be damaged. This can be avoided by controlling the laser power accordingly.
  • the high quality of the weld seam on the outside and especially on the inside of the pipe produced according to the invention which has no pronounced material bead along the weld seam, allows metal hollow profiles with thin wall thicknesses and small diameters to be produced in one continuous process to manufacture.
  • the hollow profile is withdrawn from the welding area by means of a feed device, for example by means of a collet puller, stud puller or tape puller.
  • the hollow profile After being pulled out of the welding area, the hollow profile can be guided past drawing dies or shaped profiles by means of one or more further feed devices in order to reduce the outer diameter. In the process, the space within the hollow profile that is not filled with the filling gel is reduced.
  • the hollow profile can be cooled by means of a cooling device located behind the welding area, preferably in front of the feed device.
  • the pipe cooling can also be regulated, for example in order to prevent the hollow profile from cooling below a temperature at which the viscosity of the filling gel exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the pulley puller introduces a tensile force into the hollow profile, which elastically stretches the hollow profile.
  • the tensile force is continuously monitored and can be regulated by activating the pulley drive accordingly.
  • the one or those in the filling gel within the Fiber conductors embedded or embedded in the hollow profile are not stretched by the tensile force. Rather, a corresponding additional length of the fiber conductor (s) must be supplied in such a way that the fiber conductor (s) introduced into the hollow profile are essentially free of tensile stresses during the entire manufacturing process.
  • a further feed device for example a tape take-off, which holds the hollow profile on the pane, can be arranged behind the pane take-off.
  • the further feed device feeds the hollow profile from the disc take-off essentially free of tensile stresses to a winder. Essentially free of tensile stresses is to be understood here as meaning that the hollow profile experiences no or only negligible stretching.
  • the length of the hollow profile that is moved away from the sheet removal per unit of time is continuously determined, for example by continuously recording the speed.
  • the hollow profile contracts elastically again.
  • the gel introduced in liquid form at an elevated temperature has become solid as a result of the cooling and acts as a kind of friction force mediator between the fiber conductor and the inside of the hollow profile, which transfers the movement of the contracting hollow profile to the fiber conductor (s).
  • the cooled gel does not allow a completely free movement of the fibers in the hollow profile, in particular no simple longitudinal displacement, the fiber conductor (s) lying essentially free of tension in the metal tube at any time during the manufacturing process becomes the shorter hollow profile for the unstretched, unstretched state are too long, quasi "compressed" on average over the entire length of the hollow profile.
  • the fiber is not actually compressed, but will shift from its longitudinal axis in a wave-like manner inside the hollow profile.
  • the length of the hollow profile and the length of the fiber conductor or fiber conductors fed in per unit of time are continuously determined and averaged over a specified period in order to compensate for fluctuations in the drive control. Suitable periods of time can be in the range of minutes, with a longer period of time on the one hand leading to more precise results and on the other hand correspondingly lengthening the time until a possibly necessary control intervention.
  • An excess length of the fiber conductor (s) in the hollow profile produced during the period is determined from the averaged measurement values.
  • At least one control variable from the non-completed first list containing the feed rate or per unit of time is continuously fed Length of the metal strip, power of the laser, temperature of the filling gel, flow rate of the filling gel per unit of time, speed at which the hollow profile is drawn off from the welding area, tensile force exerted on the hollow profile and temperature of the hollow profile before the pane is removed.
  • At least one manipulated variable for controlling the power of the laser, for controlling the heating of the storage tank, the filling head and / or the cooling device, and / or for controlling a drive of one or more feed devices and / or the disc removal is recorded from the at least one control variable.
  • the width of the supplied metal strip is measured and a cutting width is tracked as a function of the measurement result and a preset value.
  • the width corresponds approximately to the circumference of the hollow profile surrounding the fiber conductor or the bundle of fiber conductors along the neutral fiber.
  • the default value can be varied and a shaping device can be controlled as a function of the varying width of the metal strip, for example in order to adapt the amount of material required for a clean weld seam.
  • a temperature profile is measured across the weld seam. The measured temperature profile can be used to control the energy introduced into the welding point.
  • the measured temperature profile can, for example, be compared with a default profile, and the control of the energy introduced can include a variation of the focus diameter, a trajectory described by the focus point on the weld metal and / or a change in the pulse duration and / or the pulse spacing of the laser beam. It is also conceivable to regulate the feed speed of the metal strip as a function of the measured temperature profile.
  • the measured temperature profile can also be saved for quality management and documentation purposes.
  • the length of the metal strip supplied per unit of time is measured continuously for this purpose. From the ratio of the length of the welded and reduced hollow profile removed per unit of time and the length of the metal strip fed in at the same time, material deviations of the metal strip can be recorded, e.g. different yield limits, which can be taken into account directly when regulating the manufacturing process. In one or more embodiments of the method, the
  • a device according to the invention for the continuous production of a thin-walled, radially closed hollow metal profile with at least one fiber conductor stored therein comprises a feed device set up to feed a flat strip of the metal.
  • the feed device can, for example, comprise a holder for a flat metal strip wound on a reel or a coil.
  • the metal strip is unwound from the spool or coil and fed to a forming tool, which forms the flat metal strip into the hollow profile in such a way that the opposite edges of the flat metal strip butt flush against each other.
  • the shaping device can, for example, have several rollers and profiles, for example drawing dies, which shape the metal strip into the desired hollow profile as it passes through in the longitudinal direction.
  • the forming device can also have two or more guide means spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the formed metal strip or hollow profile, between which the edges are held flush against one another at least at one point to be welded. If necessary, the tape can be guided laterally at one or more points in front of and in the tool in order to minimize lateral movement of the tape.
  • the device further comprises a welding device which welds to one another the edges lying flush against one another between the guide means.
  • the welding device comprises a laser that emits light with an energy that causes local melting of the metal on both sides of the edges.
  • the device also comprises a feed device configured to feed at least one fiber conductor.
  • the fiber conductor (s) are, for example, unwound by one or more fiber unwinders and introduced into the welded hollow profile via a guide or protective tube that protrudes from an inlet side into the hollow profile and ends only after the weld. If several fiber conductors are fed in, the feed device can have a fiber guide with which the fiber conductors are guided separately and twisting or entangling of the fibers is prevented. As an alternative or in addition, the feed device can have one or more so-called fiber ties which connect several fibers to form a bundle and wrap them with a thread.
  • the feed device also has a measuring device for continuous, preferably contactless, measurement of the length of the fiber conductor (s) fed in per unit of time.
  • the device also comprises a gel filling device which introduces a filling gel with a viscosity that decreases with increasing temperature into the hollow profile in which the fiber conductor or conductors are stored.
  • the filling gel can also be introduced into the hollow profile via the guide or protective tube or via a tube guided therein.
  • an annular gap is formed between the guide or protective tube and the tube carrying the filling gel, which gap lies behind the weld.
  • the gel filling device can have a storage container and be set up to introduce the filling gel into the hollow profile at a temperature at which the viscosity of the filling gel does not exceed a predetermined value.
  • the storage container, a filling hose connected to it and / or a filling head connected to it can be heated, in particular controlled by a temperature control device.
  • the gel filling device is also set up to continuously record the volume of the filling gel introduced into the hollow profile per unit of time.
  • the device also includes one or more feed devices which pull the welded hollow profile out of the welding area and convey it on.
  • the one or more feed devices can, for example, one or more collet pullers,
  • a cooling arrangement can be arranged in front of the feed device, which cools the hollow profile heated by the welding down to a temperature at which adhesion to subsequent tools is effectively avoided and the tools do not leave any marks in the hollow profile.
  • the device further comprises a disk take-off device arranged downstream of the feed device, by means of which a tensile force is exerted on the welded hollow metal profile, which elastically stretches the hollow metal profile.
  • the elastically stretched hollow metal profile is guided several times around the disc take-off.
  • the tensile force provided by the window puller can be continuously monitored by means of a force measuring device and regulated to a target value.
  • the disk take-off can be driven at a constant speed which is slightly higher than the speed of the previous drive and thereby causes an elastic expansion of the hollow profile.
  • the hollow metal profile is guided away from the disc take-off essentially without tension, so that the elastic stretching is canceled.
  • the device also comprises a measuring device arranged downstream of the window drawer for the preferably contactless determination of the length of the metal hollow profile removed from the window drawer per unit of time and fed to a winder.
  • a further feed device which holds the metal hollow profile on the disk withdrawal, without causing any appreciable elastic stretching of the hollow profile, can be arranged following the disk withdrawal.
  • the measuring device for determining the length of the metal hollow profile removed from the disc take-off unit per unit of time and fed to a winder can be arranged between the disc take-off device and the further feed device or behind the feed device.
  • a measuring device for determining the tensile force is located in front of the forming device intended.
  • the determined tensile force can be fed to a control as an actual value and used with a setpoint to control the drives of the device, for example to control the speed of the feed of the metal strip.
  • the device also comprises a cutting device arranged in front of the forming device, by means of which one or both edges of the flat metal strip fed in are trimmed, the width of the trimmed metal strip roughly corresponding to the circumference of the neutral fiber of the hollow profile.
  • a measuring device for measuring the width of the cut metal strip is provided behind the cutting device.
  • the cutting device can be controlled on the basis of the measured values in order to maintain a desired width of the metal strip over a long period of time. Appropriate default values can be fed to the cutting device, with which the measured width of the metal strip can be compared in order to generate a control signal for the setting of the cutting device.
  • Parts cut off at one or both edges of the strip can, in one or more configurations, be fed to a device provided for receiving cut residues.
  • the device also comprises a measuring device for determining a temperature profile transversely and / or along the weld seam.
  • the measured temperature profile can be used by the welding device to control the energy output, the feed device, the feed device to control the Feed rate and / or the temperature control for the filling gel are fed.
  • the device is also set up to cover the welding point inside and / or outside with a protective gas.
  • the protective gas can be introduced, for example, through a tube guided in the guide or protective tube, which forms an annular gap with it at the welding point, or in a separate protective tube.
  • the shielding gas can be fed in at or near the welding point.
  • the welded hollow profile can be passed through a pipe section which is flooded with the protective gas.
  • the device also includes a measuring device for measuring at least one dimension of the hollow profile after welding.
  • This measuring device can be used for integrated quality control, just like a measuring device provided in one or more configurations for checking the weld seam and / or material defects or inhomogeneities in the material.
  • the dimensions can preferably be measured without contact, for example by means of a laser.
  • hollow profiles with wall thicknesses of less than 0.3 mm and diameters or dimensions of less than 10 mm can be produced at a high quality level without costly post-processing into which one or more fiber conductors can be inserted in the same operation.
  • suitable focus diameters of the laser beam By using suitable focus diameters of the laser beam, a sufficiently small heat-affected zone in relation to the dimensions of the hollow profile is ensured during continuous welding, so that no material tears occur and a weld seam is produced that does not have a pronounced bead on the inside of the pipe.
  • the smaller wall thickness of the hollow profile with the fiber conductors embedded in it can help save metal and thus conserve valuable resources.
  • a reduction in the wall thickness can also reduce the laser power required for welding, which in turn results in energy savings or, alternatively, an increase in the
  • a thinner wall thickness of the hollow profile can also prove to be advantageous, as it leads to a lower length-related weight, which can facilitate transport and installation.
  • the continuous measurement of the excess length according to the method according to the invention enables process parameters such as temperature and amount of the filling gel introduced per unit of time, the tensile force acting on the hollow profile and thus the elastic stretching, the fiber feed speed and the
  • 1 shows an exemplary example of the method according to the invention for the continuous production of thin-walled, radially closed hollow profiles
  • 2 shows an exemplary example of a device according to the invention for the continuous production of thin-walled, radially closed hollow profiles
  • FIG. 3 shows pictures of a weld seam of a hollow profile produced by the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a simplified representation of the storage of a fiber conductor in a filling gel in the interior of an elastically stretched and a longitudinally tension-free hollow profile.
  • FIG. 1 shows steps of an exemplary method 100 for producing a thin-walled, radially closed hollow metal profile with overlong fiber conductors stored therein according to one aspect of the invention.
  • a flat metal strip is fed to a forming device at a first feed speed, for example unwound from a coil.
  • the supplied flat metal strip is formed in step 108 into a shape corresponding to the desired hollow profile.
  • the reshaping can take place, for example, by means of a roll forming tool.
  • an optional step 106 can be carried out in a cutting device, in which one or both edges of the metal strip are trimmed or prepared in some other way.
  • the cutting device can be supplied with measured values from a measuring device which detects the width of the metal strip after it has been trimmed. The cut remnants can be picked up in a corresponding pick-up device.
  • the edges of the metal strip are guided by means of guide elements in such a way that twisting before welding is prevented, and the flush edges are guided past a welding device in a defined position and a defined distance.
  • the guide elements can, for example, comprise one or more Finn shims or guide swords and one or more guide bushings adapted to the geometry of the hollow profile, which are adapted to the flute geometry to be produced.
  • the geometry can be closed, for example, by means of drawing dies, locking rings or side roller steps.
  • two opposite edges of the flat strip are flush with one another in a contact area.
  • the edges lying flush against one another in the contact area are continuously welded to one another. The welding is done by means of a laser. If necessary, the weld seam can be covered by means of protective gas, adapted to the required weld seam quality.
  • One or more fiber conductors and a filling gel, which has a viscosity that increases with decreasing temperature, are introduced into the welded hollow profile by one or more fiber unwinders in step 111.
  • the filling gel and the fiber conductor (s) can be passed under the welding area, for example by means of a protective or guide tube, so that the filler gel and fiber conductor only emerge from the protective or guide tube in the already welded hollow profile.
  • the length of the fiber conductor (s) supplied per unit of time and the amount of filling gel introduced is also continuously determined in step 111.
  • step 112 the welded hollow profile with the fiber conductor or conductors stored therein is withdrawn from the weld area.
  • the filling gel and the hollow profile can be tempered in step 116 after welding so that the viscosity of the filling gel does not exceed a predetermined value.
  • the temperature can be measured beforehand in step 114.
  • the hollow profile is elastically stretched by a force exerted by means of a pulley. The pulling force is monitored in step 121.
  • the elastically stretched hollow profile is now cooled down stretched, Step 122, so that the viscosity of the filling gel increases before it is fed to a receiving device for receiving in step 124 after the elastic stretching has been withdrawn or reduced.
  • the recorded length of the hollow profile is continuously determined in step 123.
  • the recording 128 of controlled variables at different points in the method and the corresponding determination 130 of manipulated variables for drives and actuators of the device 200 are indicated in the figure by the dashed arrows.
  • the temperature profile can be determined transversely and / or along the weld seam in an optional step 110a.
  • the determined temperature profile can be fed to a control of the laser and other elements of a device implementing the method, in particular also to one or more drives that regulate the feed speed of the metal strip or the speed at which the welded hollow profile is withdrawn from the welding area.
  • the method can optionally also include a determination of the tensile force on the strip before the deformation in step 104.
  • the determined tensile force can also be fed to the one or more drives as a measured variable for regulation.
  • the method can also include an optional step 110b, in which one or more dimensions of the welded hollow profile are determined.
  • the dimensions determined can be supplied primarily as input variables for regulating the forming process and the cutting process for setting the width of the strip.
  • the method can also include an optional step 118 in which the quality of the weld seam and / or the weld metal are non-destructively checked for material defects, for example by means of eddy current testing, ultrasound or X-rays. Subsequent processes by means of which the hollow profile is cut into sections or the hollow profile is encased with an insulating or protective layer are not shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary example of a device 200 according to the invention for the continuous production of thin-walled, radially closed hollow metal profiles with one or more fiber conductors stored therein.
  • a thin metal band 1 for example a band made of stainless steel, is unwound from a reel or unwinder 2.
  • the metal strip 1 is fed to a roll forming tool 3, 7, by means of which it is brought into the shape of the desired hollow profile, for example it is shaped into a longitudinally slotted round tube.
  • a cutting device 4 can be provided between the roll or unwinder 2 and the roll forming tool 3, 7, which cuts the metal strip 1 to a required width or one or both edges of the
  • Metal tape 1 to size to get clean and smooth edges. To accommodate cut parts of the metal strip 1, a
  • the width of the cut metal strip 1 can be checked in a strip width measuring device.
  • the measurement results can be fed to the cutting device 4 for control purposes.
  • a measuring device for determining the tensile force can be arranged between the reel or unwinder 2 and the roll forming tool 3, 7, the measured values of which can be used, for example, to regulate drives of the device 200.
  • a measuring device 5 is provided which monitors the belt speed or length of the supplied metal strip. Before the metal hollow profile is closed, one or more fiber conductors and one from a feed device 9
  • Gel filling device 13 is supplied with a filling gel in which the fiber conductor or fibers received in the hollow profile are stored.
  • the filling gel can be fed via a filling hose 14 to a filling head 15 which is connected to a guide or protective tube through which the fiber conductor or conductors are also introduced into the metal hollow profile.
  • the length of the fiber conductors supplied per unit of time is monitored in a first measuring device 11.
  • the gel filling device can be set up to detect the amount of filling gel supplied, for example by means of a flow meter.
  • the after the shaping of the hollow profile adjacent edges of the tape can be guided with one or more guide elements 6 in front of a laser welding device 8 so that twisting of the hollow profile is prevented before welding and the passage distance below an optical system of the laser welding device 8 is maintained.
  • the guide elements 6 can comprise one or more fin fitting disks or guide swords and one or more guide bushings adapted to the hollow profile forming the outer conductor.
  • the geometry of the hollow profile to be welded is closed by means of drawing dies, locking rings, side roller steps or guide bushings 7, so that the edges of the metal strip 1 formed into the hollow profile lie against one another in the area of the laser welding device 8.
  • the welding area can be covered with a protective gas, for example argon, via a protective gas device (not shown in the figure) in order to prevent reactions of the weld metal with the atmosphere.
  • the feed of the welded hollow profile takes place by means of a feed device 16.
  • the feed device 16 can, for example, comprise one or more collet pull-offs, cleat pulls or tape pulls, or combinations thereof.
  • the hollow profile withdrawn from the welding area is cooled by means of a cooling device 17 to a temperature at which the viscosity of the filling gel does not exceed a predetermined value.
  • a cooling device 17 In the figure are still another feed device 18 and
  • Drawing die holders 19 are shown, by means of which the dimensions of the metal hollow profile can be reduced. Subsequently, a pulling force is exerted on the hollow profile by means of a disc take-off 20, which causes elastic stretching. The hollow profile is guided several times around the disk take-off 20, the temperature falling further and the viscosity of the filling gel increasing. Before the tensile force is introduced, a temperature measuring device determines the temperature of the hollow metal profile without contact
  • Cooling device 17 is supplied as a controlled variable. Further temperature measurements can be made in the production direction behind the
  • Welding area behind the cooling device 17, behind the drawing dies 19 and 23 and / or behind a further feed device 22, which holds the hollow profile on the disc take-off, can be arranged.
  • the hollow profile is largely free of longitudinal stress from the pane take-off 20 Rewinder 25 supplied.
  • a second measuring device 24 is used to determine the length of the product recorded per unit of time in a contactless manner. Due to the elimination of the longitudinal tension, the elastic stretching is canceled and the fiber conductor or conductors are compressed in a wave shape by the filling gel due to the now higher viscosity when the hollow profile is drawn together, so that, based on the length of the hollow profile taken up by the winder, a greater length of the Fiber conductor is added.
  • a control device not shown in the figure, continuously determines a current excess length of the fiber conductors from the difference between the length measurements of the first and the second
  • Measuring device 11 or 24 In addition, current process parameters or reference values such as feed speed of the metal strip, laser power, gel temperature, gel flow rate, feed speed, tensile force and pipe temperature are recorded, and from this, set values for the laser power for automatic control of the excess length,
  • FIG. 3 shows pictures of a weld seam of a hollow profile produced by the method according to the invention.
  • the hollow profile is a copper tube with a wall thickness of 0.1 mm, which is used in a
  • FIG. 3 a) shows the weld seam on the inside of the hollow profile, which has a width between 140 and 150 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 3 b) shows a recording of the outside of the hollow profile, on which the weld seam has a width of approximately 242 ⁇ m. It is also easy to see that the weld seams are very uniform both inside and outside, so that post-processing should not be necessary for most applications.
  • FIG. 4 shows a greatly simplified representation of the storage of a fiber conductor 402 in a filling gel 404 in the interior of an elastically stretched and longitudinally tension-free hollow profile 400.
  • the representations in FIG. 4 are not true to scale.
  • tensile stress is exerted on the hollow profile 400, indicated by the arrows pointing away from one another at the ends of the illustrated section, which stretch the hollow profile 400 elastically. It is assumed that the hollow profile 400 extends only in length and that there is no change in diameter.
  • the hollow profile 400 is not completely filled with the filling gel 404, rather a free space 406 remains on the upper side.
  • the fiber conductor 402 is embedded in the filling gel in a stress-free manner.
  • the temperature of the arrangement is lowered so that the viscosity of the filling gel 404 increases.
  • the increasing viscosity increases the friction between the inside of the hollow profile 400 and the filling gel 404 as well as the friction between the filling gel 404 and the fiber conductor 402.
  • Form tool 104 determine tensile force
  • 25 rewinder 128 record controlled variable (s) 130 determine manipulated variable (s) 200 device

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne la fabrication de guides de fibres montés dans un profilé creux métallique. Pour fabriquer lesdits guides, une bande métallique plate est fournie à un dispositif de formage. Le dispositif de formage est conçu pour former en continu la bande métallique plate fournie en une forme correspondant au profilé creux. Le profilé creux est soudé en continu le long d'une soudure longitudinale au moyen d'un laser. Dans un procédé continu par l'intermédiaire d'un tube de guidage ou de protection, un gel de remplissage ayant une viscosité qui augmente à mesure que la température diminue et un ou plusieurs guides de fibres sont introduits dans le profilé creux soudé. Afin d'introduire le guide ou les guides de fibres présentant une longueur excédentaire dans le profilé creux, le profilé creux soudé est étiré élastiquement, refroidi puis libéré à nouveau. Le produit fini est reçu dans une unité de réception. La régulation continue en boucle fermée de la longueur excédentaire du guide de fibres est réalisée, entre autres, par l'intermédiaire de la régulation continue en boucle ouverte de la température du gel, de la puissance du laser et de la force appliquée au profilé creux permettant l'étirement élastique.
EP19839405.8A 2019-11-15 2019-11-15 Procédé de fabrication en continu de guides de fibres optiques montés dans un tube métallique à paroi mince et fermé radialement Pending EP4058832A1 (fr)

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PCT/IB2019/001284 WO2021094804A1 (fr) 2019-11-15 2019-11-15 Procédé de fabrication en continu de guides de fibres optiques montés dans un tube métallique à paroi mince et fermé radialement

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EP3797891B1 (fr) * 2019-09-30 2023-08-02 Nexans Procédé de fabrication en continu de profilés creux, ondulés par sections, minces, de petit diamètre en metal non ferreux
EP3832365B1 (fr) * 2019-12-05 2023-08-30 Nexans Procédé de fabrication continue de capteurs à fibres optiques montés dans un profil creux métallique perforé
CN114872326A (zh) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-09 南京航空航天大学 一种用于热塑性复合材料与轻质合金搭接结构的热压焊接设备及方法

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US4759487A (en) * 1987-03-09 1988-07-26 K-Tube Corporation Apparatus for continuous manufacture of armored optical fiber cable
FR2650081B1 (fr) * 1989-07-24 1991-10-04 Foptica Procede et appareil de fabrication de modules optiques
JP3132045B2 (ja) * 1991-05-29 2001-02-05 日本鋼管株式会社 金属管被覆光ファイバケーブルの製造方法及び装置
JP2970456B2 (ja) * 1995-02-14 1999-11-02 日本鋼管株式会社 金属管被覆光ファイバケーブルの製造方法及び製造装置
DE19642542B4 (de) * 1995-11-16 2010-07-29 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Überlängen eines Lichtwellenleiters gegenüber einem metallischen Röhrchen
DE19825423A1 (de) * 1998-06-06 1999-12-09 Alcatel Sa Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines optischen Kabels
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US20210154768A1 (en) 2021-05-27
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CN112809174A (zh) 2021-05-18

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