EP4059577B1 - Système d'extinction incendie feu et véhicule comportant un tel système - Google Patents

Système d'extinction incendie feu et véhicule comportant un tel système Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4059577B1
EP4059577B1 EP21315041.0A EP21315041A EP4059577B1 EP 4059577 B1 EP4059577 B1 EP 4059577B1 EP 21315041 A EP21315041 A EP 21315041A EP 4059577 B1 EP4059577 B1 EP 4059577B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
extinguishing agent
distribution pipe
distribution
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21315041.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4059577A1 (fr
Inventor
Mauro Pozzoli
Marco Ghisolfi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
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Alstom Holdings SA
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Publication date
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Priority to EP21315041.0A priority Critical patent/EP4059577B1/fr
Publication of EP4059577A1 publication Critical patent/EP4059577A1/fr
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Publication of EP4059577B1 publication Critical patent/EP4059577B1/fr
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0072—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using sprayed or atomised water

Definitions

  • the present invention deals with a fire extinguishing system for a passenger vehicle.
  • the invention also concerns a vehicle for passenger transportation comprising at least one such fire extinguishing system.
  • Document US 2019/0168047 A1 discloses a method of and apparatus for automatically suppressing a detected fire in a building, vessel or vehicle.
  • Document FR 2 799 378 A1 discloses a vehicle comprising a fire extinguishing system.
  • fire extinguishing systems are installed in order to allow fast containment of a fire for example inside a passenger compartment.
  • extinguishing systems in particular together with a detection system, are also called fire fighting systems and are generally configured to distribute an extinguishing agent, such as water, to an area in which a fire is detected, for example a passenger compartment.
  • an extinguishing agent such as water
  • such systems comprise sprinklers, each of them having a plurality of nozzles that disperse the extinguishing agent.
  • the sprinklers with a plurality of nozzles are generally installed in predefined positions in order to achieve a good dispersion of the extinguishing agent.
  • the available space on these predefined positions is often limited. This applies in particular, but not only, to vehicles having two superimposed floors, as in this case there may be only little or no space available for sprinklers due to small headroom.
  • An object of the present invention is thus to obtain a fire extinguishing system guaranteeing an effective extinguishing of a fire that saves space.
  • an object of the present invention is a vehicle for passenger transportation comprising at least one fire extinguishing system according to claim 1.
  • the fire extinguishing system is particularly space-saving as the sprinklers, having each a single nozzle, are very small. Indeed, no additional tubing inside each sprinkler is required to distribute the extinguishing agent to a plurality of nozzles of such a sprinkler. Therefore, the sprinklers are very space-saving, and thus the fire extinguishing system is very space-saving.
  • the predefined aperture angle allows in particular to obtain a large amount of extinguishing agent in the form of mist to contact the fire, without contacting obstacles in a passenger compartment before a contact with the fire which would reduce the efficiency of the extinguishing agent.
  • the nozzles guarantee an effective extinguishing of a fire.
  • a part of a vehicle 1 for passenger transportation comprises a fire extinguishing system 2.
  • the vehicle 1 is for example a railway vehicle, a bus, a car or an aircraft.
  • the vehicle 1 for example comprises at least two superimposed floors, not shown. Each floor is in particular configured such that passengers can walk on the floor.
  • the vehicle 1 is comprises single floor coaches.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 comprises a distribution pipe 4 intended to extend along a coach 6 of the vehicle 1 and a plurality of sprinklers 8 arranged and spaced apart from each other along the distribution pipe 4.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 comprises a main pipe 10 and at least one electrovalve 12 connecting the main pipe 10 and the distribution pipe 4.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 also comprises, for example, at least one smoke and/or temperature detector 14, and a control device 16.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 as described as an example in the present description comprises thus not only means for extinguishing a fire, but also means for detecting the fire, and controlling its extinction. Such a fire extinguishing system is also called fire protection system.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 comprises two electrovalves 12 and three smoke and/or temperature detectors 14.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 comprises only one electrovalve 12 or more than two electrovalves 12.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 comprises only one, two, or more than three smoke and/or temperature detectors 14.
  • the distribution pipe 4 is configured to transport an extinguishing agent, not shown, able to extinguish a fire, in particular in a passenger compartment 17.
  • the extinguishing agent comprises for example water.
  • the extinguishing agent is another liquid able to extinguish a fire.
  • the distribution pipe 4 comprises for example at least one check valve 18.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 comprises a plurality of distribution pipes 4 without check valves, connected as independent branches to the main pipe 10.
  • the distribution pipe 4 comprises two check valves 18 that are in particular disposed such that one check valve 18 allows a flow of the extinguishing agent along a first direction, and another check valve 18 allows a flow of the extinguishing agent along a second direction opposite to the first direction.
  • the distribution pipe 4 comprises no check valve, only one check valve 18 or more than two check valves 18.
  • Each sprinkler 8 is intended to be positioned on a wall, not shown, of the vehicle 1. This allows in particular to save space near the ceiling (not shown) of the coach 6. This is in particular beneficial if the vehicle 1 comprises two superimposed floors, so as to present a large headroom on each floor.
  • each sprinkler 8 is intended to be positioned on a ceiling inside the passenger compartment.
  • Each sprinkler 8 comprises a single nozzle 22 configured to disperse the extinguishing agent in form of a mist for extinguishing the fire in the passenger compartment 17 of the vehicle 1.
  • the nozzles 22 are distributed along the distribution pipe 4 at predefined distance one from another.
  • the nozzles 22 are arranged in parallel to an axis of the distribution pipe 4. This allows in particular to avoid or at least to reduce water being dispersed on the wall.
  • Each nozzle 22 forms in particular a single opening for the extinguishing agent from the distribution pipe 4.
  • ist it is in particular meant a dispersion or nebulization of the extinguishing agent in droplets, for example water droplets.
  • the dispersion in the form of a mist allows reducing the quantity of extinguishing agent to be used in case of a fire, and ensures at the same time effective extinguishing of the fire.
  • Each nozzle 22 is configured to disperse the extinguishing agent within a single cone 24 defined by the nozzle 22 and a predefined aperture angle ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ is for example equal to or smaller than 85°,preferably equal to or smaller than 60°.
  • the fact that the angle ⁇ is equal to or smaller than 85° allows in particular to obtain a large amount of extinguishing agent in the form of mist to contact the fire, without contacting obstacles in a passenger compartment before a contact with the fire.
  • the aperture angle ⁇ allows at least to reduce the quantity of extinguishing agent contacting a wall of the vehicle before contacting the fire. Such a contact with the wall would modify the mist form of the extinguishing agent into a liquid form.
  • the person skilled in the art understands that such the extinguishing agent in mist form is more effective for extinguishing the fire than the extinguishing agent in liquid form.
  • the cone 24 is only shown for one of the sprinklers 8.
  • the corresponding cones 24 defined by the nozzles 22 of the other sprinklers 8 are for example identical.
  • the main pipe 10 extends for example along a longitudinal direction of the coach 6, and is for example connected to a reservoir, not shown, configured to contain the extinguishing agent.
  • the main pipe 10 is configured to connect via corresponding pipes in adjacent coaches, not shown, to the reservoir.
  • Each electrovalve 12 is moveable from a closed position interrupting a flow of the extinguishing agent between the main pipe 10 and the distribution pipe 4, to an open position enabling a flow of the extinguishing agent from the main pipe 10 to the distribution pipe 4.
  • Each electrovalve 12 connects in particular the main pipe 10 with a respective end 26 of the distribution pipe 4 so as to enable, in the open position, a flow of the extinguishing agent from the main pipe 10 into the distribution pipe 4 via said respective end 26.
  • each electrovalve 12 is moved in function of a fire detection signal from the closed position to the open position or from the open position to the closed position.
  • each electrovalve 12 is configured to receive an individual fire detection signal in function of a specific location of a detected fire, and is configured to move from closed to open position in function of this individual signal.
  • Each smoke and/or temperature detector 14 is configured to detect smoke in the passenger compartment 17 and/or measure the temperature, and to generate a measurement signal.
  • the measurement signal comprises for example a ratio of smoke in the passenger compartment 17 and/or a temperature inside the passenger compartment 17.
  • the control device 16 is configured to receive a measurement signal from the detector 14 and to generate a fire detection signal in function of the measurement signal. For example, if the ratio of smoke in the measurement signal is higher than a predefined threshold and/or if the temperature in the measurement signal is higher than a predefined threshold, the control device 16 is configured to generate the fire detection signal.
  • the fire detection signal comprises an identifier of the smoke and/or temperature detector 14. This allows in particular to identify a zone in which a fire is detected.
  • Each check valve 18 is configured to allow a flow of the extinguishing agent in one direction along the distribution pipe 4 only.
  • Each check valve 18 is configured for defining several distribution zones 28, 30, 32 of the distribution pipe 4 for the distribution of the extinguishing agent.
  • the two check valves 18 define a first distribution zone 28, a second distribution zone 30 and a third distribution zone 32 of the distribution pipe 4.
  • the check valves 18 are in particular arranged such that, when a first electrovalve 12 is in the open position, the extinguishing agent is distributed into the first and the second distribution zones 28, 30, and when a second electrovalve 12, distinct of the first electrovalve 12, is in the open position, the extinguishing agent is distributed into the third and the second distribution zones 32, 30.
  • the first electrovalve 12 is positioned so that, in the open position, the extinguishing agent flows from the main pipe 10 via the first electrovalve 12 into the first distribution zone 28 and then into the second distribution zone 30.
  • the second electrovalve 12 is in particular positioned so that, in the open position, the extinguishing agent flows from the main pipe 10 via the second electrovalve 12 into the third distribution zone 32 and the into the second distribution zone 30.
  • the first electrovalve 12 is positioned on the left hand side and the second electrovalve 12 is positioned on the right hand side.
  • a plurality of sprinklers 8 for example four or eight sprinklers, are arranged along the distribution pipe 4.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 has many advantages.
  • each sprinkler 8 comprises a single nozzle 22
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 guarantees an effective extinguishing of a fire and saves space, as the single nozzles 22 are very small.
  • the fire extinguishing system 2 is particularly advantageous, because it allows installing the sprinklers 8 not on the ceiling, but on the walls. This allows to gain space near to and/or on the ceiling, and thus more headroom for the passengers.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Véhicule (1) pour le transport de passagers comprenant au moins un système d'extinction d'incendie (2), le système (2) comprenant :
    - au moins un tuyau de distribution (4) s'étendant le long d'une voiture (6) du véhicule (1), le tuyau de distribution (4) étant configuré pour transporter un agent extincteur capable d'éteindre un incendie ;
    - une pluralité de diffuseurs (8) disposés et espacés les uns des autres le long du tuyau de distribution (4), dans lequel chaque diffuseur (8) comprend une seule buse (22) configurée pour disperser l'agent extincteur sous forme de brouillard pour éteindre un incendie dans un compartiment (17) du véhicule (1),
    chaque buse (22) étant configurée pour disperser l'agent extincteur dans un seul cône (24) défini par chaque buse (22) et un angle d'ouverture prédéfini (α).
  2. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'angle d'ouverture prédéfini est égal ou inférieur à 85°, de préférence égal ou inférieur à 60°.
  3. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant en outre un tuyau principal (10) et au moins une électrovanne (12) reliant le tuyau principal (10) et le tuyau de distribution (4), l'électrovanne (12) pouvant être déplacée d'une position fermée interrompant l'écoulement de l'agent extincteur entre le tuyau principal (10) et le tuyau de distribution (4), vers une position ouverte permettant l'écoulement de l'agent extincteur du tuyau principal (10) vers le tuyau de distribution (4).
  4. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 3, comprenant au moins un détecteur de fumée et/ou de température (14), et un dispositif de commande (16) configuré pour recevoir un signal de mesure du détecteur (14) et pour générer un signal de détection d'incendie en fonction du signal de mesure, le système d'extinction d'incendie (2) étant apte à déplacer l'électrovanne (12) de la position fermée à la position ouverte en fonction du signal de détection d'incendie.
  5. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 3 ou 4, comprenant au moins deux électrovannes (12), chaque électrovanne (12) reliant le tuyau principal (10) à une extrémité respective (26) du tuyau de distribution (4) de manière à permettre, en position ouverte, un écoulement de l'agent extincteur du tuyau principal (10) dans le tuyau de distribution (4) via ladite extrémité respective (26).
  6. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le tuyau de distribution (4) comprend au moins un clapet anti-retour (18) configuré pour définir plusieurs zones de distribution (28, 30, 32) du tuyau de distribution (4) pour la distribution de l'agent extincteur, le clapet anti-retour (18) étant configuré pour permettre un écoulement de l'agent extincteur dans une seule direction le long du tuyau de distribution (4).
  7. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 6 en combinaison avec la revendication 5, dans lequel le tuyau de distribution (4) comprend au moins deux clapets anti-retour (18) de manière à définir une première, une deuxième et une troisième zone de distribution (28, 30, 32) du tuyau de distribution (4),
    les clapets anti-retour (18) étant disposés de telle sorte que, lorsqu'une première électrovanne (12) des au moins deux électrovannes (12) est en position ouverte, l'agent extincteur est distribué dans la première et la deuxième zones de distribution (28, 30), et lorsqu'une deuxième électrovanne (12) des au moins deux électrovannes (12) est en position ouverte, l'agent extincteur est distribué dans la troisième et la deuxième zones de distribution (32, 30).
  8. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les diffuseurs (8) sont placés sur une paroi du véhicule (1).
  9. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel chaque buse (22) forme une seule ouverture pour l'agent extincteur provenant du tuyau de distribution (4).
  10. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le véhicule (1) présentant au moins deux planchers superposés.
EP21315041.0A 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 Système d'extinction incendie feu et véhicule comportant un tel système Active EP4059577B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21315041.0A EP4059577B1 (fr) 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 Système d'extinction incendie feu et véhicule comportant un tel système

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21315041.0A EP4059577B1 (fr) 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 Système d'extinction incendie feu et véhicule comportant un tel système

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EP4059577A1 EP4059577A1 (fr) 2022-09-21
EP4059577B1 true EP4059577B1 (fr) 2025-02-19

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2613568A (en) * 2021-12-05 2023-06-14 Lehavot Production & Prot 1995 Ltd Fire-extinguishing system

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2799378A1 (fr) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-13 Sundholm Goeran Installation de lutte contre l'incendie pour wagon de chemin de fer et tunnel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI108216B (sv) * 1999-10-08 2001-12-14 Marioff Corp Oy Installation för att släcka brand, spruthuvud
US20190168047A1 (en) * 2017-12-02 2019-06-06 M-Fire Suppression, Inc. Method of and system for suppressing fire using anenvironmentally-clean free-radical chemical-reaction interrupting water mist so as to reduce water damage and smoke production and the risk of fire re-ignition
CN108992824A (zh) * 2018-08-07 2018-12-14 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种轨道车辆分布式主动灭火系统及控制方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2799378A1 (fr) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-13 Sundholm Goeran Installation de lutte contre l'incendie pour wagon de chemin de fer et tunnel

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