EP4064820A1 - Outil de formation d'une pluralité de cavités dans un sol meuble et procédé d'utilisation de l'outil - Google Patents
Outil de formation d'une pluralité de cavités dans un sol meuble et procédé d'utilisation de l'outilInfo
- Publication number
- EP4064820A1 EP4064820A1 EP20820495.8A EP20820495A EP4064820A1 EP 4064820 A1 EP4064820 A1 EP 4064820A1 EP 20820495 A EP20820495 A EP 20820495A EP 4064820 A1 EP4064820 A1 EP 4064820A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tubular body
- soil
- sample
- tool
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/02—Hand tools for making holes for sowing, planting or manuring
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tool for forming a plurality of successive cavities in loose soil.
- the invention can be implemented in the agricultural field, the plantation field, and the construction field in particular for the realization of a shallow foundation.
- the characteristics of the tools for making a cavity in a soil depend on the type of soil in which the cavity is made and the depth of the cavity to be dug. Also, the invention relates to a tool for making a plurality of cavities in loose soil.
- loose is used to designate a soil or earth which has little cohesion and which is therefore easy to work. Mention may be made, for example, in a non-exhaustive manner, of clay soil or arable soil. Topsoil includes land that can be plowed, that is, land whose vocation is cultivation. Throughout the text, the term “cavity” refers to an excavation or a hole in loose soil.
- the invention aims to obtain a tool intended for digging cavities in series without requiring the evacuation of the earth between each hollowed cavity and without having recourse to a rotation of all or part of the tool to dig an excavation. in loose soil.
- the invention aims to provide a tool for digging a stable cavity in loose soil.
- the invention also aims to provide a tool for making a calibrated, precise cavity quickly.
- the invention aims in particular to provide a tool for easily forming a planting hole in the ground by an operator.
- the invention aims in particular to provide a tool for forming an excavation in loose soil for the placement of foundations such as small diameter piles.
- the invention also aims to provide a method of using a tool according to the invention for the formation of a plurality of successive cavities in a loose soil of a soil.
- the invention relates to a tool intended to form a plurality of successive cavities in a loose soil of a soil.
- a tool according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises: - a hollow tubular body of conical shape extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising: an inlet formed at a longitudinal end of said hollow tubular body and adapted to allow the 'introduction of a sample E1 of loose earth into said tubular body from a first coring when said tubular body is pushed in in said soil; and an outlet formed at a longitudinal end opposite to said inlet and adapted to allow ejection of at least part of said sample E1 from the first coring when said tubular body is driven into said soil to take a sample E2 of soil from a subsequent coring, said sample E2 exerting a pushing force on said sample E1 towards said outlet;
- first flange fixed relative to said tubular body extending at least in part around said tubular body in a plane perpendicular to said longitudinal axis and configured to define the depth of said plurality of cavities to be formed.
- the tool according to the invention therefore has the particular feature of being able to create a plurality of cavities in series without an operator being forced to reject the loose earth resulting in part from the first sample E1 contained in the tubular body in order to make the following cavity.
- the design of the tool facilitates the creation of several excavations in series without having to voluntarily remove the soil sample, resulting from the previous coring, between two excavations.
- the tubular body comprises an inlet formed at a longitudinal end opposite to an outlet formed at the distinct longitudinal end allowing at least partial delayed ejection of the soil sample E1 from the first coring when the tool is pressed. to perform the subsequent cavity and for the sample E2 from the subsequent coring to exert a thrust force on said sample El.
- coring is defined as an operation consisting in cutting, in loose soil from a soil, a cylindrical sample of soil corresponding to the volume of soil to be extracted for form the cavity.
- the coring makes it possible to extract the sample of soil which rises through the entrance of the tubular body.
- the tool according to the invention does not require removal of the earth between the formation of a first cavity and the formation of a subsequent cavity. As soon as the hollow of the tubular body is saturated, the excess soil, i.e. at least part of the soil sample from a first coring is rejected by the outlet of the tubular body during 'a subsequent coring.
- the El soil sample is not ejected as it serves to fill the tubular body which is hollow and void of soil at this point.
- the tubular body may have a variable length depending on the depth of the successive cavities to be dug.
- the tubular body is, of conical shape, in the mathematical sense of the term, that is to say that it is a solid generated by a straight line (called generatrix) which moves on a closed curve (called curve directrix) passing through a point (called vertex).
- the shape of the closed curve defines the shape of the generated cone.
- the directing curve is a circle, the resulting cone is a cone of revolution. If the directing curve is a square, the resulting cone is a pyramid.
- the tubular body exerts a force during the depression on the walls delimiting the excavation so as to compress them to avoid landslides of earth in the excavation during the withdrawal. of the tool.
- the cutting means facilitate the insertion of the tool into the ground, without the need to rotate the tool while driving. Also the cutting means facilitate the generally vertical driving of the tool, along the longitudinal axis, without the need to rotate at least part of the tool.
- the first flange formed by a flat disc hollowed out in its center makes it possible to delimit the part of the tubular body which sinks into the ground from the part which is kept out of the ground.
- the collar makes it possible to define the depth of the plurality of cavities. It extends at least in part around the tubular body and is adapted to come into abutment with the ground when the cavity reaches the defined depth.
- the first collar is fixedly connected to the tubular body and it is for example held by a weld on the tool.
- the use of such a collar is advantageous for forming several cavities in series of the same depth, and thus saves time.
- the tool further enables cavities to be formed efficiently and quickly without wasting time in discharging a volume of soil retained in the tubular body between the formation of two cavities.
- This tool is therefore particularly suitable for large-scale planting for the formation of hedges, reforestation or the planting of vines.
- the distance between two cavities to be dug makes it possible to define the ratio of cavities formed per day or hour.
- said tubular body comprises an internal wall forming with said longitudinal axis a half-angle which is between 2 ° and 10 °.
- the tubular body has a conical shape thus allowing compression of the wall delimiting the cavity.
- the wall delimiting the cavity remains compressed, which makes it possible to prevent a landslide of earth in the bottom of the cavity.
- the angle ⁇ of taper is small in the order of 4 ° to 20 ° so as to promote the insertion of the tubular body into the ground.
- the low taper also reduces the force to be applied to the tool when inserting and removing the tool in the ground.
- said cutting means comprise sharp teeth.
- the sharp teeth make it possible to cut loose soil and thus facilitate the insertion of the tubular body without difficulty and without require the tool to rotate so that it penetrates the ground.
- said sharp teeth are present in a number equal to or greater than 2 and are regularly distributed over the end of the tubular body delimiting the entrance.
- the cutting means comprise several teeth and the number of teeth can be even or odd and determined according to the quality of the loose soil and the diameter of the longitudinal end of the tubular body delimiting the inlet adapted to allow the introduction of an El sample of loose soil. Also, the larger the diameter of the longitudinal end delimiting the inlet, the greater the number of teeth.
- the sharp teeth have a sharp bevel on the outer side of the tubular body to allow easy penetration into loose soil.
- said tool further comprises a manipulator arm mechanically connected to said tubular body.
- the manipulator arm can be connected directly to said tubular body or indirectly to said tubular body via the first flange or the longitudinal end defining the outlet of the tubular body.
- the manipulator arm can be a hydraulic type arm connected via a hinge piece to said tubular body.
- said articulation part is a fixing plate integral with the tool and which is for example welded to the longitudinal end delimiting the outlet of the tubular body.
- the manipulator arm is controlled by an operator to make it possible, on the one hand, to be able to move it easily to dig a plurality of cavities and, on the other hand, to apply a pressure force on the tubular body so that it s 'sinks easily into loose soil to form a plurality of cavities.
- said manipulator arm is a hydraulic manipulator arm of a construction machine of the hydraulic mechanical excavator type, the excavator of which is replaced by said tool.
- an operator arranged in a cabin of such a construction machine can easily control said tool by means of the manipulator arm and move the tool to make a plurality of cavities by exerting sufficient pressure in the ground during the operation. depression.
- said tool further comprises:
- a second movable collar extending at least in part around said tubular body in a plane parallel to the plane of said first collar and configured to be able to pass, under the effect of a pressure force exerted by said manipulator arm, of a retracted position in which said second flange is moved away from said first flange, at a contact position in which said second flange is pressed against said first flange;
- the second collar is movable relative to said first collar when a pressure force is exerted on said second collar by means of a manipulator arm.
- Means for spontaneous return of the second flange, arranged between said first and second flange, make it possible by a rebound effect to cause said second flange to pass from a contact position to a retracted position.
- the return means comprise at least one spring connecting said first collar to said second collar.
- the spring in the contact position the spring is compressed by the pressure force, exerted by the manipulator arm, which forces the second flange in contact with the ground and pressed against the first flange.
- the rebound effect provided by the relaxed spring allows said second flange to move away from the first flange so that the tool can easily come out of the cavity formed by detaching itself from the earth adhering to the tool. .
- the spring secured to said first collar and to said second collar has a certain stiffness in order to guarantee the longitudinal return of said second collar necessary to allow the tool to sink and then to be withdrawn spontaneously out of the ground.
- said tool further comprises means for orienting the ejection of at least a portion of said sample El from the first coring, said means being arranged on said longitudinal end delimiting the outlet.
- the ejection orientation means make it possible to orient the ejection of the soil sample in a direction determined and defined by the operator.
- the orientation means are preferably fixed on the longitudinal end of the tubular body delimiting the outlet which makes it possible to orient the direction of the delayed ejection when the tool is depressed to form a cavity.
- an operator can recover at a precise location the ejected earth which can be reused a posteriori and if necessary to plug the cavity formed after having introduced a plant to be buried in the cavity, such as for example for planting a tree, of a shrub, a vine or any other plant.
- the ejection orientation means comprise a fixed deflector to allow the orientation of the ejection of at least a part of the sample E1 of earth contained in the tubular body when the tool is depressed to form a subsequent cavity and that the sample E2 of soil resulting from the subsequent coring exerts a thrust force on said sample E1 towards the outlet.
- the invention also relates to a method of using a tool according to the invention for the formation of a plurality of successive cavities in a loose soil of a soil.
- the method of use makes it possible to drive a tool into a soil to form several cavities in series.
- the next cavity is formed near the first cavity and the operator defines the necessary distance between two cavities as needed.
- the tool is driven generally perpendicular to the soil surface but can also be tilted when driving into the soil.
- a vertical pressure along the longitudinal axis, generates a pressure on the inlet formed at a longitudinal end of said hollow tubular body, and on the other hand a lateral pressure, perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, is effected on the walls delimiting the excavation due to the taper of the tubular body.
- said ejection of at least part of the soil sample E1 from the hollow tubular body is oriented by means for orienting the ejection arranged on said longitudinal end. delimiting the exit.
- the ejection of at least a portion of the soil sample E1 is directed to a location predefined by an operator.
- the invention also relates to a tool and a method, characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below.
- [Lig. 1] is a schematic perspective view of a tool for forming a plurality of successive cavities in loose soil according to the invention.
- [Lig. 2] is a schematic sectional view of the tool according to Figure 1 shown from left to right in a retracted position (Lig 2A), in a contact position when the tool is partially driven into the ground (Lig 2B) , and in a contact position when the tool is fully inserted into the ground (Lig 2C).
- [Lig. 3] is a schematic perspective view of a tool intended to form a plurality of successive cavities in loose soil according to a variant of the invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates a tool 10 for forming a plurality of cavities in a loose earth of a soil 8 comprising a tubular body extending along a longitudinal axis 9 which comprises an inlet 6 formed at a longitudinal end of said tubular body and an outlet 7 formed at a longitudinal end opposite to the inlet 6.
- this tool comprises cutting means 2 allowing the tubular body 1 to be driven into the ground and a first flange 3 which extends in part around the tubular body perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 9.
- the conical tubular body 1 is formed by an inner wall 11 and an outer wall 12 which is directly in contact with the loose soil when the tubular body 1 is driven into the ground.
- the cutting means 2 are represented in this embodiment by sharp teeth but according to another variant, the cutting means may have a different shape (a pointed end, a blade, etc.) and are of variable number in order to allow the cutting. sinking of the tubular body into the ground.
- the sharp teeth are arranged at the longitudinal end delimiting the inlet 6 through which the sample El of loose earth is introduced into the tubular body 1.
- Ejection orientation means 4 are represented by a fixed deflector relative to the longitudinal end of the tubular body defining the outlet 7.
- Tool 10 is manipulated by an operator via a hydraulic manipulator arm of a construction machine not shown in these figures for clarity.
- the operator pushes the tool 10 vertically into the ground 8 by means of the manipulator arm 5 which is according to one embodiment integrally connected by a plate to a machine of the construction machine type controlled by an operator.
- the second flange 31 is shown, on the other hand the means 32 for returning the second flange 31 to the first flange 3 are not shown.
- a spring is arranged between the first collar and the second collar so that the withdrawal of the tool 10 from the ground is facilitated by the rebound effect of the spring.
- the tool 10 is driven into the ground by a manipulator arm exerting a force and the second flange 31 is pressed against the first flange 3 via of a compressed spring.
- the tool is withdrawn from the ground and the second flange 31 passes into a retracted position in which the rebound effect occurs by causing the second flange 31 to move away from the first flange 3 and the exit of the tool out of the formed cavity without creating a landslide within the cavity.
- Figure 2 illustrates the three successive steps for driving the tubular body 1 into the ground to form a subsequent cavity. Also, as illustrated, the tubular body already comprises a sample El of loose soil collected and held by the internal wall 11.
- Figure 2A shows the tool in a retracted position in which the tubular body is out of the ground.
- the tool 10 is driven into the ground 8 as shown in Figure 2B when it is in a contact position for performing a subsequent coring.
- the tool 10 crosses the surface 81 of the ground through the sharp teeth 2. Consequently, the soil sample E2 is introduced through the inlet 6 into the tubular body 1 and the soil sample E1 from a first coring is ejected at least partially through the outlet 7 when the deflector 4 attached to the The longitudinal end delimiting the outlet 7 allows the orientation of the ejection of the earth sample El.
- the tool 10 is depressed until the first flange 3 abuts the surface 81 of the soil to allow the depth of the cavity to be formed to be defined.
- the wall 82 delimiting the cavity is therefore compressed by the action exerted by the outer wall 12 of the tubular body 1 on the loose soil.
- the deflector 4 makes it possible to orient the exit of the sample El of soil from a first coring which is ejected through the intermediary of the sample E2 which exerts a pushing force on said sample El towards said outlet.
- the operator repeats the operation depending on the number of cavities to be formed and therefore pushes the tubular body 1 into the ground until the collar 3 abuts against the surface 81 of the ground to form a plurality of cavities.
- the tubular body is formed by a metal such as iron for example, so that the tool is resistant when driving into loose soil.
- the sharp teeth are steel and pre-machined. They have a height of between 6 and 15 centimeters (cm) and a sharp bevel on the outside of the tubular body.
- the height of the teeth can be adapted according to the diameter of the longitudinal end of the tubular body delimiting the entrance.
- the diameter of the longitudinal end of the tubular body delimiting the entrance is between 8 and 10 cm and the diameter of the longitudinal end delimiting the output is between 12 and 18 cm.
- the diameter of the longitudinal end delimiting the entrance is between 5 and 7 cm and the taper angle is less than or equal to 10 °.
- the cavities are filled by compaction of all comers and the depth of these cavities does not exceed 1 meter deep and the diameter of the longitudinal end delimiting the entrance is between 15 and 20 cm.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1913158A FR3103349A1 (fr) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | outil plantoir pour arbres, arbustes, végétaux |
| FR2004813A FR3103348B1 (fr) | 2019-11-25 | 2020-05-15 | Outil de formation d’une pluralité de cavités dans un sol meuble et procédé d’utilisation de l’outil |
| PCT/FR2020/052137 WO2021105594A1 (fr) | 2019-11-25 | 2020-11-19 | Outil de formation d'une pluralité de cavités dans un sol meuble et procédé d'utilisation de l'outil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4064820A1 true EP4064820A1 (fr) | 2022-10-05 |
Family
ID=72088279
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20820495.8A Withdrawn EP4064820A1 (fr) | 2019-11-25 | 2020-11-19 | Outil de formation d'une pluralité de cavités dans un sol meuble et procédé d'utilisation de l'outil |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4064820A1 (fr) |
| FR (2) | FR3103349A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021105594A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20250155328A1 (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2025-05-15 | Fnv Ip B.V. | Coring sampler device and method of retrieving a soil sample |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR853878A (fr) * | 1938-11-21 | 1940-03-30 | Plantoir | |
| GB584041A (en) * | 1944-11-03 | 1947-01-06 | Frederick Stanley Willoughby B | An improved gardening implement |
| FR2742298B1 (fr) * | 1995-12-19 | 1998-03-06 | Dumont Claude | Amplificateur de puissance, avec jauge de profondeur, butee et commande a distance, pour l'emploi des plantoirs a bulbes |
-
2019
- 2019-11-25 FR FR1913158A patent/FR3103349A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-05-15 FR FR2004813A patent/FR3103348B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2020-11-19 EP EP20820495.8A patent/EP4064820A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-11-19 WO PCT/FR2020/052137 patent/WO2021105594A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021105594A1 (fr) | 2021-06-03 |
| FR3103349A1 (fr) | 2021-05-28 |
| FR3103348A1 (fr) | 2021-05-28 |
| FR3103348B1 (fr) | 2023-04-14 |
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