EP4067573B1 - Machine de construction autonome et procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine de construction autonome - Google Patents

Machine de construction autonome et procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine de construction autonome Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4067573B1
EP4067573B1 EP22163835.6A EP22163835A EP4067573B1 EP 4067573 B1 EP4067573 B1 EP 4067573B1 EP 22163835 A EP22163835 A EP 22163835A EP 4067573 B1 EP4067573 B1 EP 4067573B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing element
construction machine
scraper
self
scraper element
Prior art date
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Application number
EP22163835.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4067573A1 (fr
EP4067573C0 (fr
Inventor
Christian Berning
Andreas Salz
Martin Quadt
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Publication of EP4067573A1 publication Critical patent/EP4067573A1/fr
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Publication of EP4067573C0 publication Critical patent/EP4067573C0/fr
Publication of EP4067573B1 publication Critical patent/EP4067573B1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E01C23/127—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus rotary, e.g. rotary hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C21/00—Apparatus or processes for surface soil stabilisation for road building or like purposes, e.g. mixing local aggregate with binder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/065—Recycling in place or on the road, i.e. hot or cold reprocessing of paving in situ or on the traffic surface, with or without adding virgin material or lifting of salvaged material; Repairs or resurfacing involving at least partial reprocessing of the existing paving

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-propelled construction machine, in particular a road milling machine, recycler or stabilizer, which has a machine frame and a milling drum which is arranged in a milling drum housing which has a sealing device which has at least one sealing element arranged in the working device of the construction machine behind the milling drum for closing the milling drum housing, an adjusting device for adjusting the height position of the sealing element in relation to the milling drum and a control device for controlling the adjusting device of the sealing element.
  • a self-propelled construction machine in particular a road milling machine, recycler or stabilizer, which has a machine frame and a milling drum which is arranged in a milling drum housing which has a sealing device which has at least one sealing element arranged in the working device of the construction machine behind the milling drum for closing the milling drum housing, an adjusting device for adjusting the height position of the sealing element in relation to the milling drum and a control device for controlling the adjusting device of the sealing element.
  • Road milling machines With the well-known road milling machines, the road surface can be milled to a level and true to its contours.
  • Road milling machines are distinguished from so-called stabilizers or recyclers, which use binding agents to create a stable substructure from a non-load-bearing subsurface, such as loose soil (stabilizer) or a damaged road surface (recycler), which is suitable for later construction with a road surface.
  • stabilizers or recyclers have a working drum to work the soil, which is referred to below as a milling drum.
  • the road milling machines have a transport device to be able to transport all the milled material from the milling drum housing to a transport vehicle (complete material loading).
  • the volume of milled material to be transported out of the milling drum housing is determined by the width of the milling drum (milling width) and the milling depth. If the milled material is to be loaded during operation, the lower edge of the height-adjustable sealing element of the sealing device slides or scrapes on the milled surface so that the surface is cleanly removed. Therefore, the sealing element on a road milling machine is also referred to as a scraper element or scraper blade or scraper. The sealing element closes the milling drum housing in the working direction behind the milling drum.
  • the road milling machines also have a sealing element arranged in front of the milling drum in the working direction, which is also known as a hold-down device.
  • a sealing element arranged in front of the milling drum in the working direction, which is also known as a hold-down device.
  • road milling machines each have a right and left edge protection extending in the working direction, which closes the milling drum housing at the side.
  • the road milling machines also provide another operating mode in which only part of the milled material is to be loaded (partial material loading) or no milled material is to be loaded (no material loading), so that the rest of the milled material or all of the milled material remains in the milling track.
  • this operating mode it is necessary to raise the sealing element.
  • the sealing element is too low above the remaining milled material, the milled material is retained in the milling drum housing, so that the milling drum housing increasingly fills with material, which creates additional friction and reduces performance and increases wear and fuel consumption.
  • the sealing element cannot be raised to any height, as the milling drum housing would otherwise be at least partially open in the working direction behind the milling drum.
  • the milling drum housing should always be largely closed, otherwise milled material could be thrown out of the milling drum housing and there is a risk of accidentally reaching into the milling drum housing.
  • Stabilizers do not have a transport device. Therefore, when stabilizing, the sealing element that seals the roller housing at the back must be adjusted so that the material can exit the roller housing. This is also the case with recycler designs that do not have a transport device.
  • the EN 10 2013 013 967 A1 describes a road milling machine which has a sealing device with a height-adjustable sealing element.
  • the construction machine has a control device for an adjustment device for adjusting the height of the sealing element and a measuring device for measuring the distance between the lower edge of the sealing element and the milling track remaining milled material.
  • the control device is designed in such a way that the height of the sealing element is adjusted depending on the height of the milled material. This ensures that, on the one hand, the milled material can exit the milling drum housing in the working direction behind the milling drum largely unhindered and, on the other hand, the milling drum housing is largely closed above the exiting material.
  • the disadvantage is that an additional distance measuring device with appropriate sensors must be provided.
  • the milled material cannot be removed because a gap remains between the lower edge of the sealing element and the milled material.
  • DE 20 2008 016 935 (U1 ) describes a stabilizer or recycler that has a rotor housing with a milling and mixing rotor.
  • the rotor housing is closed with a flap at the rear in the working direction, which is attached to the milling drum housing so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis.
  • a stripping device is attached to the flap so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis, which comprises a scraper blade and a scraper lip.
  • the adjustable flap with the adjustable stripping device serves to remove the deposited material in a particularly smooth and closed plane at a predetermined height.
  • the stripping device assumes a predetermined angular position and rests on the milled material at a predetermined height.
  • One embodiment provides for an automatic adjustment of the angular position of the scraper device depending on the angular position of the flap such that the angular position of the scraper blade of the scraper device is adjusted such that the angle between the scraper device and the horizontal plane is always the same regardless of the angular position of the flap.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a self-propelled construction machine, in particular a road milling machine, which can also be operated when the milled material is at least not to be completely loaded, but is to remain at least partially in the milling track.
  • a further object of the invention is to specify a method for operating a self-propelled construction machine when the milled material is at least not to be completely loaded, but is to remain in the milling track.
  • the self-propelled construction machine according to the invention is in particular a road milling machine, which in particular has a transport device for conveying the milled material from the milling drum housing to a transport vehicle.
  • the road milling machine can be a front-loading road milling machine, in which the milled material can be loaded onto a truck driving ahead via the front of the machine, or a rear-loading road milling machine, in which the milled material can be loaded onto a truck driving behind via the rear.
  • the self-propelled construction machine has a machine frame and a milling drum which is arranged in a milling drum housing which has a sealing device which has at least one sealing element arranged behind the milling drum in the working direction of the construction machine for closing the milling drum housing, an adjusting device for adjusting the height position of the sealing element in relation to the milling drum and a control device for controlling the adjusting device of the at least one sealing element.
  • a sealing element is understood to be any element with which the milling drum housing is closed off from the ground. However, this does not mean that the drum housing is completely sealed. However, the sealing element prevents milled material from being thrown out of the milling drum housing and unintentional reaching into the drum housing. Since the sealing element in the construction machine according to the invention does not have to serve to strip off milled material, the sealing element does not need to rest on the milled material.
  • the self-propelled construction machine is characterized in that the sealing device has at least one stripping element, which is pivotably arranged on the at least one sealing element in such a way that the at least one stripping element rests on the milled material in an operating mode of the construction machine, so that when the stripping element is pulled over the milled material as the construction machine advances, the stripping element is pivoted in relation to the milling drum depending on the height of the milled material.
  • a stripping element is therefore understood to mean any element that can be pulled over the surface of the milled material.
  • the above-mentioned operating mode of the construction machine can be an operating mode specified by the machine operator.
  • the construction machine can also provide other operating modes that can be specified by the machine operator, in which the sealing element and/or scraper element assumes other positions.
  • the self-propelled construction machine has a measuring device for determining the pivot position of the at least one stripping element.
  • the measuring device generates a measuring signal that correlates with the pivot position, which is received by the control device of the adjustment device of the at least one sealing element.
  • the measuring signal can be an analog or digital measuring signal that describes the pivot position of the stripping element.
  • the pivot position of the stripping element is in turn determined by the height of the milled material on which the pivotable stripping element is supported.
  • the control device of the adjustment device of the at least one sealing element is configured such that the adjustment device adjusts the height position of the at least one sealing element depending on the pivot position of the at least one stripping element such that the pivot position of the stripping element is within a predetermined pivot range. This ensures that the at least one sealing element is always in the correct height position when the construction machine advances, without there being a risk of milled material being retained in the milling drum housing and of unintentionally reaching into the drum housing. If the milled material should accumulate in the drum housing, the sealing element is automatically raised.
  • Milled material can accumulate in the milling drum housing, for example, if the milling parameters, such as the feed rate and/or milling depth, are changed, or if an insufficient volume of milled material per unit of time is removed from the drum housing in order to load the milled material.
  • the stripping element serves not only to strip off milled material, but at the same time as a tactile element for scanning the milled material remaining in the milling track.
  • the adjustment device for raising and lowering the at least one sealing element is designed. It is also irrelevant how the stripping element is designed, as long as the stripping element rests on the milled material with sufficient contact force to to be able to strip the milled material.
  • the stripping element should therefore not just slide over the milled material.
  • the contact force of the stripping element can be its weight.
  • the stripping element can also be pressed onto the milled material with a contact force that is greater than the weight of the stripping element.
  • the specified swivel range of the scraper element can be defined by an upper and lower limit.
  • the swivel range can be fixed for the construction machine or specified by the machine operator.
  • control device of the adjustment device of the at least one sealing element is configured such that the adjustment device raises the at least one sealing element when the stripping element is pivoted upwards as the construction machine advances, and lowers the sealing element when the stripping element is pivoted downwards as the construction machine advances.
  • the height adjustment of the sealing element can take place in a continuous process, so that the movement of the sealing element follows the movement of the stripping element.
  • the control device of the adjustment device of the at least one sealing element can be configured such that the adjustment device raises the at least one sealing element when an angle between the stripping element and the sealing element is set that is greater than an upper limit value, and lowers the sealing element when an angle between the stripping element and the sealing element is set that is smaller than a lower limit value.
  • an angle is defined between the stripping element and the sealing element that increases when the stripping element is raised and decreases when the stripping element is lowered, which corresponds to the smallest cutting angle. If a different angle is defined, the movement takes place in an analogous manner.
  • a further embodiment provides that an upper section of the at least one stripping element is pivotably attached to the sealing element about an axis running parallel to the axis of rotation of the milling drum.
  • the stripping element is preferably articulated at its uppermost edge.
  • the stripping element does not need to be directly attached to the sealing element.
  • the stripping element should follow the vertical movement of the sealing element.
  • the stripping element can be pivotably attached to the rear side of the at least one sealing element in the working direction.
  • the stripping element is designed as a plate pivotably attached to the sealing element.
  • the measuring device for measuring the angle between the at least one sealing element and the at least one stripping element can have at least one angle sensor in order to be able to measure the angle directly.
  • the measuring device can also have other sensors with which the angle is not measured directly, but rather a value correlated with the angle is recorded.
  • a further embodiment provides for the adjustment of the at least one stripping element by a linear drive system which acts on the at least one stripping element in such a way that when it is actuated, a lower stripping edge of the stripping element is raised or lowered with respect to the sealing element, whereby a predetermined contact force can be applied.
  • a control device configured such that the lower stripping edge of the at least one stripping element rests on the milled material with a predetermined contact force.
  • One embodiment of the linear drive system provides at least one piston/cylinder arrangement, the piston of which acts on the at least one sealing element and the cylinder of which acts on the at least one stripping element or the piston of which acts on the at least one stripping element and the cylinder of which acts on the at least one sealing element.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the angle between Stripping element and sealing element can be easily detected by the stroke position of the piston of the piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the measuring device can have at least one displacement sensor for measuring the stroke position of the piston of the piston-cylinder arrangement.
  • the linear drive system not only allows the required pressure force to be applied, but also the height of the stripping element to be adjusted.
  • the control device for controlling the linear drive system can be configured in such a way that an operating mode can be set in which the stripping element is folded up. Two operating modes can also be provided, with the control device being configured in such a way that in one operating mode the stripping element is only partially folded up, for example into a horizontal position, or completely folded up.
  • the pressure force required for the stripping element can also be applied with a spring which acts on the one hand on the at least one stripping element and on the other hand on the at least one sealing element.
  • the method according to the invention relates to the operation of a self-propelled construction machine, in particular a road milling machine, recycler or stabilizer, according to one of claims 1 to 13.
  • the method according to claim 14 provides for determining the pivot position of at least one stripping element, which is pivotably arranged on the at least one sealing element in such a way that the at least one stripping element rests on the milled material in an operating mode of the construction machine, so that when the construction machine advances, the stripping element is pulled over the milled material and pivoted in relation to the milling drum depending on the height of the milled material.
  • the height position of the at least one sealing element is set depending on the pivot position of the at least one stripping element in such a way that when
  • the swivel position of the scraper element lies within a predetermined swivel range.
  • At least one sealing element can be pressed onto the ground with a predetermined contact force.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the at least one sealing element is raised when, during the advance of the construction machine, an angle ( ⁇ ) between the stripping element and the sealing element is established that is greater than an upper limit value, and the at least one sealing element is lowered when, during the advance of the construction machine, an angle between the stripping element and the sealing element is established that is smaller than a lower limit value.
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the at least one stripping element is pressed onto the ground with a predetermined contact force.
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that an operating mode can be set in which the at least one stripping element is folded up.
  • Fig.1 shows the essential components of a road milling machine as an example of a self-propelled construction machine.
  • the road milling machine has a machine frame 1 and a chassis 2, which can include front and rear wheels 3 or crawler tracks.
  • the road milling machine has a left and right rear wheel and only one front wheel 3.
  • the road milling machine can also have a left and right front wheel.
  • the road milling machine has a milling drum 4, which is arranged in a milling drum housing 5 on the machine frame 1.
  • the milling drum housing 5 is located at the rear of the machine.
  • the height of the machine frame 1 relative to the surface 7A of the ground 7 can only be adjusted by means of rear piston/cylinder arrangements 6.
  • the milling depth is adjusted by raising or lowering the machine frame 1 relative to the ground 7.
  • the construction machine can also have a front piston/cylinder arrangement for adjusting the height of the machine frame, which is assigned to the wheel or wheels or running gear.
  • the milling track is designated with the reference symbol 7B and its surface with 7C.
  • the milled material can be loaded onto a transport vehicle.
  • the road milling machine has a transport device 8 with a conveyor belt 9, which Milled material is transported from the milling drum housing 5 to a truck. If the milled material is not loaded, it is located in the milling track 7B on the surface 7C.
  • the milling drum housing 5 On the left and right side in the working direction 10, the milling drum housing 5 is closed by side plates 5A, 5B, whereby Fig.1 only the right side plate 5B in the working direction can be seen.
  • a sealing device 11 In the working direction 10 behind the milling drum 4 there is a sealing device 11.
  • Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B show the milling drum housing 5 with the sealing device 11 in perspective.
  • the sealing device 11 has a height-adjustable sealing element 12 with which the milling drum housing 5 can be closed at the rear.
  • the plate-shaped sealing element 12 is guided in a portal 13 on the machine frame 1 in lateral guides 14.
  • the sealing element 12 can be positioned slightly inclined relative to the ground. Instead of a single sealing element, several sealing elements can also be provided.
  • an adjustment device 16 For adjusting the height of the sealing element 12, an adjustment device 16 is provided which has a piston/cylinder arrangement 15, the cylinder 15A of which is articulated to the portal 13 and the piston 15B of which is articulated to the sealing element 12.
  • Fig. 2A shows the sealing element 12 in the lowered and Fig. 2B in the raised position.
  • a control device 17 is provided which is configured such that the sealing element 12 can be raised or lowered.
  • the control device 17 of the sealing element 12 can be a separate control device or be part of the central control and computing unit of the construction machine.
  • the sealing device 11 also has a stripping element 18 which is pivotably attached to the rear side of the sealing element 12 in the working direction 10.
  • the stripping element 18 is designed in the present embodiment as a substantially rectangular plate which is attached to an upper section of a Broad side is articulated to the plate-shaped sealing element 12, wherein the sealing element 12 can be rotated about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation 4A ( Fig.3 ) of the milling drum 4.
  • the stripping element 18 preferably extends over the entire width of the milling drum 4, but can also extend over only part of the width of the milling drum.
  • Several stripping elements can also be pivotally attached to the sealing element.
  • the lower section of the stripping element 18 forms a (horizontal) stripping edge 18A running parallel to the axis of rotation 4A of the milling drum 4, which rests on the surface 7D of the milled material 7E remaining in the milling track 7B.
  • a linear drive system 19 ( Fig.4 ) is provided, which in the present embodiment comprises a piston/cylinder arrangement 20 which is arranged in a plane running perpendicular to the axis 4A of the milling drum 4.
  • the upper end of the cylinder 20A of the piston/cylinder arrangement 20 is connected in an articulated manner to the rear side of the plate-shaped sealing element 18 by means of a first articulated connection 21 and the lower end of the piston 20B of the piston/cylinder arrangement 20 is connected in an articulated manner to the top side of the plate-shaped stripping element 18 by means of a second articulated connection 22, so that the stripping element 18 can be lowered by extending the piston 20B and raised by retracting the piston 20B of the piston/cylinder arrangement 20.
  • the stripping element 18 is a substantially rectangular metal plate, to the lower broad side and the two narrow sides of which a strip 18B, 18C, 18D made of a flexible material, for example rubber flaps, is attached ( Fig.5 ).
  • the lower material strip 18B forms the scraper edge 18A and the side material strips 18C, 18D flexibly seal the scraper element 18 on both sides opposite the sides of the milling track 7B so that the milling drum housing 5 is closed off at the bottom. This flexible seal also prevents damage to the scraper element 18 under mechanical stress.
  • the material strips 18B, 18C, 18D can be screwed to the metal plate so that the strips can be replaced when they are worn.
  • the scraping edge 18A of the scraping element 18 is held pressed against the ground with a predetermined contact force.
  • the milled material is thrown up in the form of a wall, which can have the greatest height in the middle of the milling track.
  • the scraping element 18 scraping over the ground with a predetermined contact force smoothes the milled material, with the milled material being displaced to the sides so that the area below the scraping element is closed over the entire width of the milling track.
  • a preferably hydraulic control device 27 is provided, of which Fig.4 only a part of the hydraulics is shown.
  • the control device 27 of the linear drive system 19 for pivoting the stripping element 18 and the control device 17 of the adjustment device 16 for adjusting the height of the sealing element 12 can be separate devices or form a common device, which can also be at least partially part of the central control unit of the construction machine.
  • Fig.4 shows a simplified hydraulic circuit diagram of the control device of the stripping element 18 with the piston/cylinder arrangement 20 for raising or lowering the stripping element 18.
  • the stripping element 18 is in a floating position so that the stripping element rests on the milled material with a predetermined contact force.
  • a hydraulic valve 23 of a hydraulic unit (not shown in detail) connects the upper and lower cylinder chambers of the cylinder 20A of the piston/cylinder arrangement 20 to a hydraulic tank (not shown) via hydraulic lines 24, 25 connected to the cylinder connections so that the cylinder chambers are not subjected to system pressure.
  • the hydraulic valve 23 is a 4/3-way valve. The hydraulic lines leading to the valve are not shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • the piston 20B can move in the cylinder so that the scraper element 18 pivots downwards due to its weight. With the same pressure in both cylinder chambers, This downward movement can be further supported by a corresponding design of the effective contact surfaces of the hydraulic cylinder if both chambers in the floating position are subjected to a pressure that preferably does not correspond to the system pressure.
  • one or the other hydraulic line 24, 25 can be subjected to the system pressure (pressure line) or connected to the tank (tank line), so that the piston 20B is moved up or down to pivot the stripping element 18.
  • the contact pressure can be a contact pressure specified by the control system, which can preferably be adjusted by the machine operator within specified limits.
  • the sealing device for applying a pressing force can also have a spring element, for example one or more compression springs, wherein one end of the spring is connected to the stripping element and the other end of the spring is connected to the sealing element.
  • a spring element for example one or more compression springs
  • the sealing device 11 further comprises a measuring device 26 for determining the angle enclosed by the sealing element 12 and the stripping element 18, which in Fig.3 is designated with ⁇ .
  • a measuring device 26 for determining the angle enclosed by the sealing element 12 and the stripping element 18, which in Fig.3 is designated with ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ 180° - ⁇
  • the sealing device can have an angle sensor.
  • Such sensors are state of the art. In the present embodiment, however, the angle is measured with a displacement sensor 26A, which measures the distance by which the piston 20A of the piston-cylinder arrangement 20 is retracted or extended. The displacement sensor 26A generates a measurement signal that correlates with the angle ⁇ ( ⁇ ).
  • Displacement sensors for piston-cylinder arrangements are state of the art.
  • the use of a displacement sensor instead of an angle sensor has the advantage that the displacement sensor 26A can be easily integrated into the piston/cylinder arrangement 20.
  • the construction machine provides different operating modes that can be specified by the machine operator.
  • the following describes the operating modes with reference to Fig.3 and the Figures 6A and 6B as well as Fig. 7A and 7B an operating mode of the construction machine is described in which the milled material is not transported away from the milling drum housing 5 by the transport device 8 and thus remains in the milling track 7B or only a part of the material is picked up.
  • this operating mode which the machine operator can specify, the sealing element 12 does not scrape the surface of the milled soil with its lower edge.
  • Fig.3 shows the stripping element 18 in a pivoting position that is optimal for adjusting the height of the sealing element.
  • the sealing element 12 is in a position in which its lower edge is just above the surface 7D of the milled material 7E, so that material is not held back by the sealing element.
  • the stripping element 18 is in a position in which its lower stripping edge 18A is below the lower edge of the sealing element 12. The milling drum housing 5 is thus sealed at the bottom and to the sides.
  • the stripping element 18 is inclined relative to the sealing element 12 in such a way that a material jam does not occur in the milling drum housing 5. If the counterpressure increases as a result of a material jam, the stripping edge 18A of the stripping element 18 is raised, i.e. the stripping element is pivoted clockwise, and if the counterpressure decreases, the stripping edge of the stripping element 18 is lowered, i.e. the stripping element is pivoted anti-clockwise.
  • the target angle ⁇ between the stripping element and the sealing element should be between 10° and 80°, preferably greater than 45°, particularly preferably greater than 60°.
  • a target angle of 65° is assumed, whereby the stripping element 18 should be raised when the angle ⁇ is greater than 68° and lowered when the angle ⁇ is less than 62°.
  • the target angle ⁇ target is preferably a preset angle that cannot be changed by the machine operator or the target angle ⁇ target can only be changed by the machine operator within specified limits.
  • the control device 27 of the linear drive system 19 for pivoting the stripping element 18 and/or the control device 17 of the adjustment device 16 can comprise analog or digital circuits and can be a separate device or part of a central computing and control device of the construction machine.
  • the data or signal processing device can, for example, have a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) for continuously processing digital signals, a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an integrated circuit consisting of logic elements (FPGA) or other integrated circuits (IC) or hardware components.
  • a data processing program (software) can run on the hardware components. A combination of the various components is also possible.
  • the control device 17 of the adjustment device 16 is configured such that the sealing element 12 is moved such that the angle ⁇ lies within the desired pivoting range.
  • Fig. 6A shows the case where material accumulates in the milling drum housing, for example due to a change in the milling parameters, so that the pressure of the material against the sealing element 12 and the stripping element 18 increases. As a result, the stripping element 18 is raised so that the angle ⁇ increases. This change in angle is recorded by the measuring device 26.
  • the control device 17 actuates the piston/cylinder arrangement 15 such that the sealing element 12 is raised. In the present embodiment, however, the sealing element 12 is only raised when the angle ⁇ is greater than an upper limit value.
  • Fig. 7A shows the opposite case, that the volume of material accumulated in the milling drum housing decreases, so that the pressure of the material decreases. As a result, the stripping element 18 is lowered, so that the angle ⁇ becomes smaller. This change in angle is detected by the measuring device 26. When the angle decreases, the control device 17 actuates the piston/cylinder arrangement 15 such that the sealing element 12 is lowered.
  • the control device 27 of the linear drive system 19 can also be configured such that further operating modes can be specified by the machine operator.
  • the machine operator can select these operating modes, for example, on an input unit.
  • Fig.8 shows the case of a complete material loading. If the milled material is to be completely removed, ie not to remain in the milling track, the sealing element 12 is moved downwards so that it scrapes the ground as the machine advances. The sealing element 12 thus seals the milling drum housing to the rear. In this operating mode, the sealing element 12 also functions as a stripping element. For this operating mode, the stripping element 18 is pivoted upwards as far as possible with the piston/cylinder arrangement 20 so that it cannot become jammed in the milling track during steering movements ( Fig.8 ).
  • Fig.9 shows the operating mode of a shunting operation.
  • the scraper element with the piston/cylinder arrangement 20 is pivoted into a position in which the angle ⁇ is 90°.
  • Fig.10 shows the operating mode of a maintenance position, for example for changing the chisels of the milling drum.
  • the sealing element 12 is completely raised for maintenance, for which the piston 15B of the piston/cylinder arrangement 15 is Control device 17 is completely retracted.
  • the stripping element 18 is pivoted upwards as far as possible, for which purpose the piston 20B of the piston/cylinder arrangement 20 is completely retracted.
  • the stripping element 18 can also be controlled manually by the machine operator by operating a control element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Engin de chantier automoteur, en particulier fraiseuse routière, recycleur ou stabilisateur, qui comprend un châssis (1) et un tambour de fraisage (4) disposé dans un carter de tambour de fraisage (5) pourvu d'un dispositif d'étanchéité (11) qui présente au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) disposé derrière le tambour de fraisage (4) dans le sens de travail de l'engin de chantier et destiné à fermer le carter de tambour de fraisage (5), un dispositif de réglage (16) destiné à régler la position en hauteur de l'élément d'étanchéité (12) par rapport au tambour de fraisage (4), et un dispositif de commande (17) destiné à commander le dispositif de réglage (16) dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif d'étanchéité (11) présente au moins un élément racleur (18) disposé de manière pivotante sur ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) de telle sorte que, dans un mode de fonctionnement de l'engin de chantier, ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) repose sur le matériau fraisé (7E), de sorte que lors de l'avance de l'engin de chantier, l'élément racleur (18) est tiré sur le matériau fraisé et est pivoté par rapport au tambour de fraisage (4) en fonction de la hauteur du matériau fraisé (7E),
    il est prévu un dispositif de mesure (26) destiné à déterminer la position de pivotement dudit au moins un élément racleur (18), qui génère un signal de mesure en corrélation avec la position de pivotement, lequel est reçu par le dispositif de commande (17) du dispositif de réglage (16) dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12),
    et le dispositif de commande (17) du dispositif de réglage (16) dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) est configuré de telle sorte que le dispositif de réglage (16) règle la position en hauteur dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) en fonction de la position de pivotement de l'élément racleur (18), de telle sorte que la position de pivotement de l'élément racleur (18) se situe à l'intérieur d'une plage de pivotement prédéfinie.
  2. Engin de chantier automoteur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande (17) du dispositif de réglage (16) dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) est configuré de telle sorte que le dispositif de réglage (16) soulève ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) lorsque l'élément racleur (18) est pivoté vers le haut, et abaisse l'élément d'étanchéité (12) lorsque l'élément racleur (18) est pivoté vers le bas.
  3. Engin de chantier automoteur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande (17) du dispositif de réglage (16) dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) est configuré de telle sorte que le dispositif de réglage (16) soulève ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) lorsqu'il s'établit un angle (a) entre l'élément racleur (18) et l'élément d'étanchéité (12), qui est supérieur à une valeur limite supérieure, et abaisse l'élément d'étanchéité (12) lorsqu'il s'établit un angle (a) entre l'élément racleur (18) et l'élément d'étanchéité (12), qui est inférieur à une valeur limite inférieure.
  4. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une partie supérieure dudit au moins un élément racleur (18) est fixée à l'élément d'étanchéité (12) de manière à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe de rotation (4A) du tambour de fraisage (4).
  5. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) est fixé de manière pivotante sur le côté arrière dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) dans le sens de travail (10).
  6. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) est conçu comme une plaque fixée de manière pivotante audit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12).
  7. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (26) comprend au moins un capteur d'angle destiné à mesurer l'angle entre ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) et ledit au moins un élément racleur (18).
  8. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un système d'entraînement linéaire (19) qui agit sur ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) de telle sorte que, lors de son actionnement, un bord racleur inférieur (18A) de l'élément racleur (18) est soulevé ou abaissé par rapport à l'élément d'étanchéité (12).
  9. Engin de chantier automoteur selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un dispositif de commande (27) destiné à commander le système d'entraînement linéaire (19), qui est configuré de telle sorte que le bord racleur inférieur (18A) dudit au moins un élément racleur (18) repose sur le sol avec une force d'appui prédéfinie.
  10. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que le système d'entraînement linéaire (19) comprend au moins un ensemble piston/cylindre (20) dont le piston (20B) agit sur ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) et dont le cylindre (20A) agit sur ledit au moins un élément racleur (18), ou dont le piston (20B) agit sur ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) et dont le cylindre (20A) agit sur ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12).
  11. Engin de chantier automoteur selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (26) comprend au moins un capteur de course (26A) destiné à mesurer la position de la course du piston (20B) de l'ensemble piston-cylindre (20A).
  12. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un ressort qui agit d'une part sur ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) et d'autre part sur ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12).
  13. Engin de chantier automoteur selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande (27) destiné à commander le système d'entraînement linéaire (19) est configuré de manière à permettre de régler un mode de fonctionnement dans lequel l'élément racleur (18) est rabattu vers le haut.
  14. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un engin de chantier automoteur, en particulier d'une fraiseuse routière, d'un recycleur ou d'un stabilisateur, selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la position de pivotement dudit au moins un élément racleur (18) est déterminée par le dispositif de mesure (26), et le signal de mesure en corrélation avec la position de pivotement est reçu par le dispositif de commande (17),
    l'élément racleur (18) est disposé de manière pivotante sur ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) de telle sorte que, dans un mode de fonctionnement de l'engin de chantier, ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) repose sur le matériau fraisé (7E), de sorte que lors de l'avance de l'engin de chantier, l'élément racleur (18) est tiré sur le matériau fraisé et est pivoté par rapport au tambour de fraisage (4) en fonction de la hauteur du matériau fraisé, la position en hauteur dudit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) étant réglée par le dispositif de commande (17), par l'intermédiaire du dispositif de réglage, en fonction de la position de pivotement de l'élément racleur (18) de sorte que, lors de l'avance de l'engin de chantier, la position de pivotement de l'élément racleur (18) se situe à l'intérieur d'une plage de pivotement prédéfinie.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) est soulevé lorsque ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) est soulevé lors de l'avance de l'engin de chantier, et ledit au moins un élément d'étanchéité (12) est abaissé lorsque ledit au moins un élément racleur (18) est abaissé lors de l'avance de l'engin de chantier.
EP22163835.6A 2021-04-01 2022-03-23 Machine de construction autonome et procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine de construction autonome Active EP4067573B1 (fr)

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DE102021108367.2A DE102021108367A1 (de) 2021-04-01 2021-04-01 Selbstfahrende Baumaschine und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer selbstfahrenden Baumaschine

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US11767645B2 (en) 2023-09-26
US20220316156A1 (en) 2022-10-06
CN217710249U (zh) 2022-11-01
EP4067573A1 (fr) 2022-10-05
EP4067573C0 (fr) 2024-06-19
CN115198609A (zh) 2022-10-18
DE102021108367A1 (de) 2022-10-06

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