EP4073370A1 - Kolben und verfahren zur herstellung desselben - Google Patents
Kolben und verfahren zur herstellung desselbenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4073370A1 EP4073370A1 EP20820892.6A EP20820892A EP4073370A1 EP 4073370 A1 EP4073370 A1 EP 4073370A1 EP 20820892 A EP20820892 A EP 20820892A EP 4073370 A1 EP4073370 A1 EP 4073370A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- depressions
- coating
- along
- friction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/105—Pistons having surface coverings the coverings forming a double skirt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/02—Pistons having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion
- F02F3/027—Pistons having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion the skirt wall having cavities
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piston for use in internal combustion engines. It also relates to a method for producing such pistons.
- Pistons are used in internal combustion engines to drive a motor vehicle via a crankshaft.
- the pistons move up and down within the cylinder of the internal combustion engine and are guided through the walls of the cylinder.
- the pistons are in contact with these walls, there is friction between the piston and the walls. This leads to wear and tear and energy losses.
- the piston is lubricated by oil and the piston surfaces that are in contact with the cylinder are provided with friction-reducing coatings. Examples of such coatings are described, for example, in DE 102005 057 754 B4.
- a corresponding reduction in friction is intended to reduce the amount of exhaust gas from the vehicle, in this case primarily carbon dioxide, and other requirements are also to be met.
- Further measures for reducing friction include the use of lower-friction coatings and the use of an oil with a lower viscosity.
- solutions are also known in which friction is reduced by applying a patterned Coating is to be achieved. Dots, zigzag profiles and V profiles are known as patterns.
- the present invention aims to reduce the friction of the pistons in the cylinder.
- the invention is defined by the piston according to claim 1. It is further defined by the method according to claim 8. Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
- the piston is a piston for use in internal combustion engines.
- they can be pistons for use in diesel, but also gasoline engines.
- These pistons can be made of steel or aluminum / aluminum alloys. However, other materials are also conceivable.
- the piston has a piston crown.
- This piston crown often has a combustion chamber bowl and, when used, lies opposite the combustion chamber of the cylinder. During combustion, a force is exerted on this piston crown in the engine, which forces the piston in a direction that is directed outwards.
- a piston skirt adjoins the piston crown.
- the piston skirt has, at least in part, convex surfaces which, when the piston is used, bear against the cylinder wall. These surfaces recede with respect to a cylindrical surface on the edge surfaces of the contact surface. These spherical surfaces form the pressure walls or counterpressure walls and are also referred to as skirt walls.
- the piston skirt also has box walls that have pin bosses for receiving piston pins. The convex surfaces are in use on the cylinder wall of the internal combustion engine.
- the spherical surfaces usually have one or more friction-reducing coatings.
- Polymer-bound coating materials that contain solid lubricants are used as coatings.
- Polyamide imide or phenolic resin are often used as the polymer.
- Graphite is often used as a solid lubricant, but MoSg or PTFE can also be used.
- Other materials, as described in DE 10 2016 205 199 A1, can also be used. In interaction with the cylinder wall, these friction-reducing coatings show less friction than the piston material.
- Depressions are provided in the coating, which are arranged such that the distance S between two directly adjacent depressions along the axial direction of the piston and the width L of the depressions along the axial direction of the piston satisfy the formula S> 2L. Accordingly, a distance between two depressions that are adjacent to one another in the axial direction is greater and in particular greater than twice as large as the width of the depressions.
- the width L of the depression denotes the maximum width of the depression along the axial direction.
- These depressions preferably cover at least 3%, more preferably at least 10% of the area of the coating.
- pistons with corresponding distances between the depressions have particularly low friction, which was attributed to particularly good oil retention properties (without wishing to be limited to this theory). According to another theory, these effects can occur particularly in the case of slits, since the oil vortex formation is particularly pronounced there. For increasingly larger distances S, the friction-reducing one becomes Effect less pronounced. It is particularly preferred that the distance is less than 10% of the shaft height.
- the depressions are preferably longer than they are wide, i.e. E> L. Such pistons have particularly reduced friction.
- the fact that the depressions preferably cover at least 3%, more preferably at least 10% of the surface of the coating ensures that they have a significant influence on the oil retention behavior of the piston.
- the length E should be smaller than the width of the coating E ', so that the depressions lie completely in the coating on at least one side.
- the depressions are completely enclosed by the respective coating - in other words, the material of the coating completely surrounds the mostly rectangular depressions. This prevents oil from draining off.
- depressions should be located in a row horizontally next to one another (i.e., aligned along the circumference).
- the width of the webs of coating material between these aligned depressions i.e., the circumferential distance between the depressions
- 0 e.g., greater than 1pm or greater than 100pm.
- the thickness of the webs i.e. the layer thickness of the coating
- the material of the coating has an essentially constant thickness over the entire coating.
- This thickness of the coating material is preferably between 5 and 25 gm, more preferably between 10 and 15 gm. Such coatings can easily be produced by screen printing.
- one depression is provided per 5 ° -30 °, particularly preferably 10 °, piston circumference and that this is provided Wells are provided in a row along the circumference.
- the wells can also be of different lengths.
- the depressions extend in at most 35% of the surface of the coating (ie that the area of the depressions in relation to the total area enclosed by the outer boundary of the coating is less than 35%) and it is preferably in the range of 20% of the total area enclosed by the outer boundary of the coating. In experiments, this led to a particularly strong reduction in friction.
- the minimum indentation area is 3% of the total area, i.e. the indentations cover at least 3% of the total area of the coating.
- the depressions preferably extend so deeply through the coating that they reach the material of the piston skirt and that their underside is therefore not formed by the material of the coating. Correspondingly deep depressions are particularly good oil reservoirs and therefore lead to good lubrication.
- the boundary surfaces of the recess (s) preferably extend obliquely with respect to the coating and the material of the surfaces to which they adjoin.
- the boundary surfaces are not completely perpendicular, but sloping. In this respect, they enclose an angle not equal to 90 ° with the material of the coating and the material of the surfaces to which they adjoin.
- the depressions adjacent to one another in the axial direction are preferably offset from one another along the circumferential direction. Accordingly, the depressions are not lined up one behind the other in the axial direction, but have, for example, their centers offset along the circumferential direction.
- a corresponding piston has a particularly low friction when used.
- the fact that the depressions are enclosed implies that the extension length of at least some, preferably all of the depressions along the circumferential direction is shorter than the extension length along the circumferential direction of the coating in which they are formed. In other words, the depressions are so short that they do not extend from one side of the coating to the other side of the coating along the circumferential direction. Since the depressions are so short that they are completely embedded in the coating, they can serve as a reservoir for oil and thus significantly reduce the friction of the piston. This prevents them from acting as an oil drain, as the oil cannot drain through the depressions on the sides of the coating.
- the depressions preferably have a substantially rectangular shape.
- the ends of the depressions in the circumferential direction can also be rounded. Such a shape is easy to develop. Accordingly, a corresponding piston can be produced inexpensively.
- the depressions preferably have a width L of less than 2 mm and particularly preferably in the range of 0.6-0.8 mm.
- Correspondingly thin depressions have proven to be particularly advantageous for the retention behavior of oil, which may be due to the capillary forces, among other things, without being limited to this theory.
- a method for producing a piston according to one of the preceding claims is according to the invention, in which the coating including the depressions is applied by means of a screen printing process.
- Such a method is particularly easy to implement and also has sufficient accuracy, which is why the coatings with the depressions can be applied with it.
- the precision of screen printing depends on various parameters from, although it has been shown that it is comparatively easy to control.
- Figure 1 shows a piston according to the invention according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of coatings of the piston according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a recess in the piston according to the invention.
- Figures 4a) and b) show different variants of a piston according to the invention.
- Figures 4c and 4d) show a piston not according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a view of a piston 10 according to the invention according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- the piston has a cylindrical shape with a cylinder axis A.
- a piston skirt 14 adjoins a piston head 12 of the piston with annular grooves 13.
- the piston skirt 14 has convex surfaces 16, which represent skirt walls, and box walls 17.
- the cylindrical surfaces 16 lie against the cylinder wall of the internal combustion engine and have a friction-reducing coating 18 made of a graphite-containing polymer material.
- the coating 16 is provided on only part of the spherical surface 16.
- the spherical surface 16 adjoins the ring field with the ring grooves 13 of the piston.
- the coating 18 extends along the circumference of the piston for a length E '.
- Rectangular depressions 20 are provided in the coating 18 which extend through the coating material so that the material of the piston is exposed through the depressions 20.
- the ends of the rectangular depressions can be rounded.
- a plurality of depressions 20 are lined up along the circumferential direction. There are several such rows of lined up depressions 20, which are offset from one another along the circumferential direction, so that the axially adjacent depressions 20 are offset from one another along the circumferential direction.
- the depressions 20 are shown in further detail in FIG. Several depressions 20 are shown here in two rows, which are offset from one another along the circumferential direction of the piston 10.
- the recesses 20 have a rectangular shape in plan view and have a length E along the circumferential direction and a width L in the axial direction A.
- the distance between two adjacent recesses 20 in the axial direction is defined as S. For the distance S, S> 2 L.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a depression 20 along the circumferential direction.
- the boundary surfaces 17 of the recess are inclined with respect to the material of the spherical surfaces 16 and also include an angle with respect to the material of the coating 18.
- the recess 20 is closed at the bottom, i.e. the underside of the recess 20 is formed by the material of the piston 16 and is closed so that it prevents oil from flowing off downwards.
- a piston 10 configured as shown in FIGS. 1-3 has a friction reduced by up to 20%. This is because the depressions 20 have comparatively good oil retention properties. In this respect, oil collects in them and then reduces the friction. In contrast to depressions that extend over the entire width of the coating, the Oil retention properties improved because the oil cannot drain off. For the oil retention behavior, it is important that the slots are narrow and deep enough. Calculations that make this behavior plausible are described, for example, in the paper by M. Scholle, "Hydrodynamical modeling of lubricant friction between rough surfaces", Tribology International 40 (2007) 1004-1011.
- FIG. 4 shows pistons according to the invention in FIGS. A) and b).
- FIG. 4b) corresponds to the piston that is already shown in FIG. This piston is therefore not always discussed in detail.
- FIG. 4a shows a piston 10 'according to a second embodiment of the invention with a coating 18' in which the coatings 20 'are arranged such that adjacent depressions 20' are lined up along the axial direction of the piston. Furthermore, on the side of the coating 18 'opposite the piston head 12', there is a surface 19 'of the coating in which no depressions 20' are provided. Even if such an arrangement of the depressions 20 ′ is less advantageous in comparison to the first embodiment with regard to the retention capacity for oil, a corresponding piston is improved in comparison to the prior art with regard to the oil retention properties and thus has less friction.
- FIG. 4c) shows a further piston 10 ′′ which is not part of the invention.
- This piston 10 ′′ also has a coating 18 ′′ which has depressions 20 ′′.
- These depressions 20 ′′ extend along the circumferential direction of the piston 10 ′′ over the entire width of the coating 18 ′′ and are therefore not enclosed, as required by the invention.
- the depressions 20, 20 'each only extend over a section of the coating 18, 18' along the circumferential direction, but not over the entire width of the coating 18, 18 '.
- the depressions 20 ′′ extend over the entire width of the coating 18 ′′, oil can drain from them. This then leads to increased friction compared to pistons in which the depressions are enclosed.
- FIG. 4d shows a piston 10 111 which is not according to the invention.
- Essentially circular depressions 20 111 are provided here in a coating 18 111 , which are arranged in several rows along the circumferential direction of the piston 10 111 and which are offset from one another along the circumferential direction.
- the depressions 20 - '-' - '- shown here do not meet the requirement that S> 2 L, but are arranged too closely.
- E> L does not apply here.
- the coatings 18 to 18 111 shown in FIGS. 4a) to 4d) can be produced by a screen printing process.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019219445.1A DE102019219445A1 (de) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Kolben und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
| PCT/EP2020/084882 WO2021116018A1 (de) | 2019-12-12 | 2020-12-07 | Kolben und verfahren zur herstellung desselben |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4073370A1 true EP4073370A1 (de) | 2022-10-19 |
Family
ID=73748117
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20820892.6A Withdrawn EP4073370A1 (de) | 2019-12-12 | 2020-12-07 | Kolben und verfahren zur herstellung desselben |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12037960B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4073370A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7575457B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN114829759B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019219445A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021116018A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020209624A1 (de) | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-03 | Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH | Kolben und Kolbenbolzen und Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verbrennungsmotor mit einem solchen Kolben und/ oder Kolbenbolzen |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8505411D0 (en) * | 1985-03-02 | 1985-04-03 | Ae Plc | Pistons |
| DE4023135A1 (de) | 1990-07-20 | 1992-01-23 | Alt Peter | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum beschichten von motorkolben |
| US7171936B2 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2007-02-06 | Mahle Technology, Inc. | Piston having a patterned coating and method of applying same |
| JP2005320934A (ja) | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-17 | Toyo Drilube Co Ltd | 往復運動部材 |
| JP2006161563A (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2006-06-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関のピストン |
| JP5228303B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-24 | 2013-07-03 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 低摩擦摺動部材、その製造装置並びに製造方法 |
| JP2008121776A (ja) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-29 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 摺動部材 |
| JP2009030521A (ja) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-02-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | ピストン |
| EP2184477B1 (de) * | 2007-08-24 | 2013-04-17 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Kolben eines verbrennungsmotors |
| KR20120053896A (ko) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-29 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 피스톤 스커트부 표면처리방법 |
| JP5720481B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-09 | 2015-05-20 | スズキ株式会社 | 内燃機関用ピストン |
| DE112012005520B4 (de) * | 2011-12-28 | 2022-11-17 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Kolben für Verbrennungsmotor |
| JP5858778B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2016-02-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法 |
| JP5429329B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-02-26 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 低摩擦摺動部材 |
| CN103224306A (zh) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种油田措施废液撬装式处理装置 |
| CN103244306A (zh) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-08-14 | 南平华田机械工业有限公司 | 裙部表面带涂层的发动机铝活塞 |
| CN203146127U (zh) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-08-21 | 南平华田机械工业有限公司 | 裙部表面带阵列小圆孔减磨涂层的发动机铝活塞 |
| JP6259585B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-30 | 2018-01-10 | 日野自動車株式会社 | ピストン摺動部の潤滑構造 |
| JP6201664B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-13 | 2017-09-27 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 内燃機関用摺動部品および内燃機関用摺動部品の製造方法 |
| JP6401104B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-22 | 2018-10-03 | 株式会社クボタ | エンジンのピストン |
| JP6394485B2 (ja) | 2015-05-08 | 2018-09-26 | スズキ株式会社 | 内燃機関のピストン |
| DE102016205199A1 (de) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH | Gleitlack für die Beschichtung von Motorkolben |
| JP2020045795A (ja) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-26 | スズキ株式会社 | 内燃機関のピストン |
-
2019
- 2019-12-12 DE DE102019219445.1A patent/DE102019219445A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-12-07 JP JP2022535657A patent/JP7575457B2/ja active Active
- 2020-12-07 WO PCT/EP2020/084882 patent/WO2021116018A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-12-07 EP EP20820892.6A patent/EP4073370A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-12-07 CN CN202080084773.6A patent/CN114829759B/zh active Active
- 2020-12-07 US US17/784,143 patent/US12037960B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114829759A (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
| JP2023505574A (ja) | 2023-02-09 |
| US20230023170A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 |
| DE102019219445A1 (de) | 2021-06-17 |
| US12037960B2 (en) | 2024-07-16 |
| WO2021116018A1 (de) | 2021-06-17 |
| CN114829759B (zh) | 2024-08-13 |
| JP7575457B2 (ja) | 2024-10-29 |
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