EP4082102A1 - Method for packaging sheet metal parts from an electric strip or sheet to form sheet metal packages - Google Patents
Method for packaging sheet metal parts from an electric strip or sheet to form sheet metal packagesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4082102A1 EP4082102A1 EP21715485.5A EP21715485A EP4082102A1 EP 4082102 A1 EP4082102 A1 EP 4082102A1 EP 21715485 A EP21715485 A EP 21715485A EP 4082102 A1 EP4082102 A1 EP 4082102A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet metal
- hot
- metal parts
- melt adhesive
- package height
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/20—Storage arrangements; Piling or unpiling
- B21D43/22—Devices for piling sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
- B32B38/004—Heat treatment by physically contacting the layers, e.g. by the use of heated platens or rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B39/00—Layout of apparatus or plants, e.g. modular laminating systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B41/00—Arrangements for controlling or monitoring lamination processes; Safety arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0233—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/12—Impregnating, moulding insulation, heating or drying of windings, stators, rotors or machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
- B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for packaging of, on at least one of its flat sides, a hotmelt adhesive lacquer layer, in particular a baked enamel layer, aufwei send sheet metal parts from an electrical steel strip or sheet to sheet metal stacks, each with a package height hp in a tolerance range of a predetermined target package height hs.
- the stack height is usually recorded after baking, i.e. heating of the laminated stack above a bonding temperature of the hotmelt adhesive varnish with a correspondingly sufficient bonding time. Then unsuitable sheet metal packages are sorted out in the package height.
- the height can also be determined after the stacking and before the heating for baking, to sort out insufficient sheet packs in the package height before baking or to adjust the height in order to reduce the scrap of sheet metal packages.
- this method also has the disadvantage that it is not possible to predict with certainty the package height that the laminated packages will have after baking. The reason for this lies in the numerous influencing factors.
- each individual sheet metal part can vary, for example in the range of a few ⁇ m; on the other hand, this can also be the case with the height of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer. In the worst case, these factors can add up, which means that the package height of the baked sheet metal packages can vary considerably. This reduces the reproducibility of such Method for the production of laminated cores with a parcel height hp in a tolerance range Uh to a predetermined target parcel height hs.
- US 2017/001258 A1 therefore proposes regulating the process parameters when baking the laminated core.
- parameters such as the temperature profile over time, the axial pressure on the laminated core and the recorded height of the laminated core are included in order to affect the height of the core.
- the invention has therefore set itself the task of modifying a method for the production of laminated cores of the type described at the beginning in such a way that exact laminated cores can be produced in a particularly flexible manner and with high reproducibility.
- the process should ensure continuous and energy-efficient packaging of sheet metal packages.
- the invention solves the problem posed by the features of claim 1.
- the packaging process according to the invention can offer the possibility of flexible and exact adjustment of the package height.
- T g glass transition temperature of the hot-melt adhesive varnish and below the baking temperature of the hot-melt adhesive varnish and are put under pressure in this preheated state
- the packaging process according to the invention can offer the possibility of flexible and exact adjustment of the package height.
- this layer connection under pressure and heat can namely reduce unevenness between the individual sheet metal parts and thus the laminated core can be converted much more precisely into the state that exists after the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers have been baked on the laminated core.
- a subsequent detection of the package height hp of the individual sheet metal packages from the stacked sheet metal parts with the aid of a measuring method can therefore be carried out particularly precisely.
- the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers of each laminated core are finally heated to a second temperature, which is greater than or equal to the baking temperature of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer, and thus its sheet metal parts are baked together via the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers.
- this possibility of increasing the laminated stacks after the stacking can also contribute to simplifying the manufacturing process, for example by setting the number of stacked laminated sheet metal parts in the direction of an undersize of the stack height. In this way, an excess can be safely avoided, which, as is known, usually cannot be reduced to a sufficient extent by pressure on the laminated core - especially not without having to accept a function-impairing / function-endangering squeezing of hot-melt adhesive varnish.
- the inventive method is therefore characterized by a high degree of reproducibility in the production of sheet metal stacks of sheet metal parts that are exact in height.
- the use of the thermal energy from the preheating during the final heating can also improve the energy efficiency in the continuous production of laminated cores.
- the at least one sheet metal part is preferably applied to the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer on the sheet-metal package. As a result, the sheet metal part is applied to a warm enamel layer, which can improve the connection of the additional sheet metal part.
- the additional sheet metal part is preferably heated to the first temperature.
- the at least one sheet metal part is preferably applied under pressure to the end face of the sheet metal package. In this way, the bond between the sheet metal part and the laminated core can be further improved.
- the applied sheet metal part can be the same as the sheet metal parts stacked one on top of the other, that is to say can also have a hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer, in particular a baked lacquer layer, on at least one of its flat sides.
- Simple process conditions can result if the first temperature is in the range from 90 ° C. to 150 ° C., in particular 100 ° C. to 120 ° C., and / or that the second temperature is in the range from 180 ° C. to 250 ° C., in particular from 180 ° C to 220 ° C.
- Short cycle times can be guaranteed if the package height is recorded and / or the package height is adjusted in the preheated state of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers.
- the process can run continuously if the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers are heated to the first temperature in a stacking device takes place, which is connected to a punching tool, which punching tool puts the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers in the stacking device under pressure.
- This refinement of the process can also facilitate handling in the flow from one device to the next - for example, by adjusting the package height in a package regulating device and / or by baking the sheet metal parts in a second oven.
- the reproducibility of the process can be further improved if all the laminated cores are placed under the same high pressure.
- a trend analysis of the stack heights of the laminated stacks can be carried out in a reproducible manner.
- the pressure is preferably in the range from 2 to 10 N / mm 2 , in particular from 3 to 5 N / mm 2
- each sheet metal part is preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, in particular from 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and / or the thickness of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer of each sheet metal part is between 2 and 12 ⁇ m, in particular from 4 to 8 ⁇ m . In this way, particularly advantageous prerequisites for high reproducibility of the process can be achieved.
- the method can be particularly suitable for comparatively high laminated cores, for example when each laminated core has more than 100 sheet metal parts.
- the number of sheet metal parts is reduced by at least one sheet metal part when the sheet metal core is stacked on top of each other in the event that the target package height is exceeded by the recorded package height of the sheet metal core, this can be an intention Packing the laminated stacks an undersize of the stack height may be beneficial - but at least an excess can be avoided in the process. The reproducibility of the process can thus be further increased.
- the number of sheet metal parts for the respective sheet metal package can be increased by at least one sheet metal part if the package height of the sheet metal package falls below the target package height when the sheet metal package is stacked on top of one another.
- the number of sheet metal parts stacked on top of one another to form a laminated core is always selected such that the detected package height is less than the nominal package height of the laminated core by at least the thickness of one sheet metal part of the sheet metal parts stacked one on top of the other.
- the package height is adjusted by applying one to five sheet metal parts, in particular one to three sheet metal parts, to the front end of the sheet metal package, this can contribute to a sufficient increase in the package height.
- Such an adaptation in the number of sheet metal parts can also prevent other inaccuracies from influencing the dimensional accuracy of the laminated core.
- 1 shows a schematic representation of a first device for carrying out the method according to the invention
- 2 shows a schematic representation of a second device for carrying out the method according to the invention
- FIG. 4a shows a flea course of laminated cores packaged according to a method according to the prior art
- 4b shows a flea course of laminated cores packaged according to the method according to the invention.
- the package height hp is in a tolerance range to a predetermined target package height hs.
- the laminated cores 2 are preferably used for electromagnetic components, for example for electrical machines.
- the device 1 a - as shown in FIG. 1 - separates several sheet metal parts 4 from an electrical strip 3.
- thermosetting hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7 preferably based on an epoxy resin, for example a baked lacquer layer.
- the thermosetting or hot-curing hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 can consist of baking lacquer.
- a catalytic baked enamel can also be used, e.g .: baked enamel with a depot coating for faster reaction.
- the sheet metal parts 4 are separated off with a punching tool 5, which can also be part of a subsequent punching tool (not shown). Other facilities for separating sheet metal parts 4, such as lasers, are conceivable.
- the thickness of each sheet metal part 4 is preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm and the thickness of each hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7 between 2 and 12 ⁇ m.
- the sheet metal parts 4 are pushed into a stacking device 6 by the punch 5a of the punching tool 5.
- the sheet metal parts 4 which have a hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7 on at least one of their flat sides 4a, namely Baked lacquer layer, have, stacked one on top of the other. Two of these stacked sheet metal parts 4 can be seen in FIG. 3a. All sheet metal parts 4 stacked on top of one another leave the stacking device 6 in sheet metal stacks 2 or are separated into sheet metal stacks 2 when they leave the stacking device 6, which has not been shown in more detail.
- the laminated cores 2 are then subjected to further process steps - namely the laminated core 2 is introduced into a first furnace 8 in order to bring the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 of the stacked sheet metal parts 4 to a first temperature t1, which is above a glass transition temperature T g of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer 7 and un is below the baking temperature of the hot melt adhesive varnish, preheated.
- the first temperature t1 is preferably 90 ° C. (90 degrees Celsius).
- the laminated core 2 is introduced into a press 9, which exerts an axial compressive force P on the laminated core 2 on the laminated core 2 with a press ram 9a on the laminated core 2 - see compressive force P in FIG. 3a.
- This pressing force P compensates for unevenness, for example in the connection of the hot-melt adhesive varnish 7 to a sheet metal part 4 or also to a hot-melt adhesive varnish 7 of an adjoining sheet metal part 4 - see FIG. 3b in this regard.
- the press 9 puts all the laminated cores 2 under the same high pressure, which is in the range from 2 to 10 N / mm 2, preferably from 3 to 5 N / mm 2, namely 4 N / mm 2.
- This pressing force P can, for example, be sufficient to lead to a complete connection of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 in order to eliminate the free areas between the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7, as can be seen in FIG. 3a.
- the connection of the sheet metal parts 4 to one another can also be considerably improved, which further increases the stability of the sheet metal stacks 2 produced by the method according to the invention.
- the laminated core 2 or its hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7 is also kept at the first temperature t1 during the pressing.
- Flierzu is the laminated core 2 in a further step after the press 9 a Measuring device 10 supplied, which detects the package height hpm.
- Measuring device 10 supplied, which detects the package height hpm.
- a wide variety of measurement methods are conceivable for this, for example optical methods, manual methods, etc., or methods in which the position of the press ram 9a of the press 9 during or after the pressurization of the laminated core 4 is used to determine its height hpm.
- the stack height hpm is preferably detected by the laminated stack 2, the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers of which are in the preheated state, which can further increase the accuracy of the measuring method.
- the tolerance range Ah corresponds overall (ie +/-) to the thickness d of a sheet metal part 4, ie + d / 2 and -d / 2 viewed from the nominal package height hs.
- the package height (hp) of the laminated core 2, the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 of which are in the preheated state, is preferably adapted, which makes it easier to connect the sheet metal part 4 to the laminated core 2.
- the laminated core 2 is brought into a second furnace 12 and there the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers 7 of the laminated laminate 2 are heated to a second temperature t2, which is greater than or equal to the baking temperature of the hot melt adhesive varnish, and their sheet metal parts 4 are exerted under pressure from an oven stamp 12a, together with a sufficiently long baking time.
- the second temperature t2 is 190 ° C. (190 degrees Celsius) and the baking time is 15 minutes.
- the method according to the invention is therefore extremely flexible and produces exact sheet metal stacks 2 with a high level of reproducibility.
- the method is particularly characterized by the fact that sheet metal stacks 2 with a tendency to undersize can be stacked from sheet metal parts 4, because there is the possibility of being able to supplement such undersized sheet metal stacks 2 with an additional sheet metal part 4. It may therefore be unnecessary to bring excessive Blechpa kete 2 when baking by pressure to size, which is only slightly possible anyway. Squeezing out 13 of hot-melt adhesive varnish, as shown in FIG.
- the device 1 b according to FIG. 2 differs from the device 1 a of FIG. 1 essentially in that the preheating and the loading of the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers 7 with pressure is not carried out on the laminated core 2, but in the stacking device 6.
- the stacking device 6 is provided with a wall heater 6a, which heats the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 to the first temperature t1.
- the punch 5a presses the separated sheet metal parts 4 into the stacking device 6 against the counterforce of a counter-holder 6b - which leads to an axial force on the sheet metal parts 4 stacked on top of one another and thus loads the preheated hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers 7 with pressure.
- This method is characterized by a smaller number of method steps and thus leads to reduced cycle times in the stacking of laminated stacks 2 with an exact stack height of hp.
- Fig. 4a discloses a method for stacking laminated cores according to the prior art, in which a trend analysis of the height H, over twenty laminated cores, is performed.
- the laminated cores with the number 7 to 13 are oversized, so they are outside the upper limit of the tolerance range Ah for a target stack height hs.
- This trend is driven by the Trend analysis recognized, and the number of sheet metal parts stacked on top of one another is reduced to such an extent that the package height hp is again within the required tolerance range Ah for a target package height hs.
- the stack height is currently decreasing in contrast to the previous laminated stacks, the laminated stack with the number 16 suddenly becomes undersized. This cannot be corrected in the prior art and represents a scrap.
- the method according to the invention discloses the method according to the invention, in which there is the option of adding at least one further sheet metal part 4 to stacked sheet metal stacks 2 from sheet metal parts 4. Therefore, the method according to the invention can also be carried out with a tendency to set the number of sheet metal parts 4 stacked on top of one another to an undersize relative to the tolerance range Ah.
- Known trend analyzes can be neglected because, as mentioned, the package height hp can always be adapted to the tolerance range Ah to a target package height hs by applying sheet metal parts.
- the number of applied sheet metal parts 4 can remain small and preferably be from one to five sheet metal parts 4 to ensure the reproducibility of the method.
- the sheet metal stacks with the number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 19 lack the two stacked sheet metal parts 4, the sheet metal package 16 three stacked sheet metal parts 4 and the other sheet metal stacks each have a stacked sheet metal part 4 as can be seen from the recorded package height hpm.
- the respectively missing sheet metal parts 4 are applied by the stacking device 6, which guarantees a produced package height hp within the tolerance range Ah to the target package height hs.
- the method according to the invention can therefore produce sheet-metal stacks 3 of exact shape without rejects.
- This adjustment of the stack height hs arranged after the stacking on top of one another can also be integrated comparatively easily in the method. This is due to the fact that the cycle time is essentially dictated by the longer curing time during final heating anyway.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Paketieren von Blechteilen aus einem Elektroband oder -blech zu Blechpaketen Process for the packaging of sheet metal parts from electrical steel strip or sheet metal to form sheet metal packages
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Paketieren von, auf mindestens einer ihrer Flachseiten eine Schmelzklebelackschicht, insbesondere Backlackschicht, aufwei senden Blechteilen aus einem Elektroband oder -blech zu Blechpaketen mit je einer Pakethöhe hp in einem Toleranzbereich Äh zu einer vorgegeben Sollpakethöhe hs. The invention relates to a method for packaging of, on at least one of its flat sides, a hotmelt adhesive lacquer layer, in particular a baked enamel layer, aufwei send sheet metal parts from an electrical steel strip or sheet to sheet metal stacks, each with a package height hp in a tolerance range of a predetermined target package height hs.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Bei der Herstellung von mit einer Schmelzklebeschicht beschichteten Blechteilen aus einem Elektroband oder -blech zu Blechpaketen wird die Pakethöhe üblicherweise nach dem Verbacken, also einer Erwärmung des Blechpakets über eine Verba- ckungstemperatur des Schmelzklebelacks bei entsprechend ausreichender Verba- ckungszeit, erfasst. Anschließend werden in der Pakethöhe ungeeignete Blechpakete aussortiert. Alternativ kann die Höhe auch nach dem Aufeinanderstapeln und vor dem Erwärmen zum Verbacken ermittelt werden, in der Pakethöhe unzureichende Blech pakete vor dem Verbacken auszusortieren oder in der Höhe anzupassen, um den Ausschuss an Blechpaketen zu verringern. Aber auch dieses Verfahren hat den Nachteil, dass nicht mit Sicherheit die Pakethöhe vorausgesagt werden kann, die die Blechpakete nach einem Verbacken aufweisen werden. Der Grund hierfür liegt in den zahlreichen Einflussfaktoren. Einerseits kann die Höhe jedes einzelnen Blechteils, beispielsweise im Bereich von einigen pm, variieren, andererseits kann dies auch bei der Höhe der Schmelzklebelackschicht der Fall sein. Im ungünstigsten Fall können sich diese Faktoren aufsummieren, wodurch die Pakethöhe der verbackten Blechpa kete erheblich variieren kann. Dies reduziert die Reproduzierbarkeit solcher Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechpaketen mit einer Pakethöhe hp in einem Tole ranzbereich Äh zu einer vorgegeben Sollpakethöhe hs. In the production of sheet metal parts coated with a hotmelt adhesive layer from electrical steel strip or sheet metal to form laminated stacks, the stack height is usually recorded after baking, i.e. heating of the laminated stack above a bonding temperature of the hotmelt adhesive varnish with a correspondingly sufficient bonding time. Then unsuitable sheet metal packages are sorted out in the package height. Alternatively, the height can also be determined after the stacking and before the heating for baking, to sort out insufficient sheet packs in the package height before baking or to adjust the height in order to reduce the scrap of sheet metal packages. But this method also has the disadvantage that it is not possible to predict with certainty the package height that the laminated packages will have after baking. The reason for this lies in the numerous influencing factors. On the one hand, the height of each individual sheet metal part can vary, for example in the range of a few μm; on the other hand, this can also be the case with the height of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer. In the worst case, these factors can add up, which means that the package height of the baked sheet metal packages can vary considerably. This reduces the reproducibility of such Method for the production of laminated cores with a parcel height hp in a tolerance range Uh to a predetermined target parcel height hs.
Die US 2017/001258 A1 schlägt daher vor, beim Verbacken des Blechpakets die Ver fahrensparameter zu regeln. Beispielsweise werden hierzu Parameter wie der zeitli che Temperaturverlauf, der axiale Druck auf das Blechpaket und die erfasste Paket höhe des Blechpakets miteinbezogen, um auf die Pakethöhe einzuwirken. US 2017/001258 A1 therefore proposes regulating the process parameters when baking the laminated core. For example, parameters such as the temperature profile over time, the axial pressure on the laminated core and the recorded height of the laminated core are included in order to affect the height of the core.
Nachteilig kann zur Verringerung der Pakethöhe der axiale Druck auf das Blechpaket nicht unbegrenzt erhöht werden, da ein Ausquetschen von erwärmtem Schmelzkle- belack droht - was zum Verlust der Kurzschlusssicherheit des Blechpakets führen kann. Zudem wird in diesem Verfahren im Falle einer Pakethöhe unterhalb des Tole ranzbereichs keine Anpassung ermöglicht - sohin prinzipiell nur dazu geeignet, die Pakethöhe zu verringern. Dieses Verfahren ist daher nicht universal einsetzbar und zudem auch nur für geringfügige Anpassungen in der Pakethöhe geeignet. Disadvantageously, to reduce the stack height, the axial pressure on the laminated stack cannot be increased indefinitely, since there is a risk of squeezing out heated hot-melt adhesive varnish - which can lead to a loss of short-circuit protection of the laminated stack. In addition, in the case of a package height below the tolerance range, no adjustment is possible in this method - so in principle only suitable for reducing the package height. This method can therefore not be used universally and is also only suitable for minor adjustments in the package height.
Darstellung der Erfindung Presentation of the invention
Die Erfindung hat sich daher die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechpaketen der eingangs geschilderten Art derart zu verändern, dass damit exakte Blechpakete auf besonders flexible Weise und mit hoher Reproduzierbarkeit herge stellt werden können. Zudem soll das Verfahren eine kontinuierliche und energieeffi ziente Paketierung von Blechpaketen gewährleisten. The invention has therefore set itself the task of modifying a method for the production of laminated cores of the type described at the beginning in such a way that exact laminated cores can be produced in a particularly flexible manner and with high reproducibility. In addition, the process should ensure continuous and energy-efficient packaging of sheet metal packages.
Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 . The invention solves the problem posed by the features of claim 1.
Werden die Schmelzklebelackschichten der aufeinandergestapelten Blechteile auf eine erste Temperatur, die über einer Glasübergangstemperatur Tg des Schmelzkle- belacks und unterhalb der Verbackungstemperatur des Schmelzklebelacks liegt, vor erwärmt und in diesem vorerwärmten Zustand unter Druck gesetzt, kann sich beim erfindungsgemäßen Paketierverfahren die Möglichkeit einer flexiblen und genauen Anpassung der Pakethöhe ergeben. Mithilfe dieser Schichtverbindung unter Druck und Wärme können nämlich Unebenheiten zwischen den einzelnen Blechteilen ver ringern und damit das Blechpaket viel genauer in jenen Zustand übergeführt werden, der nach dem Verbacken der Schmelzklebelackschichten am Blechpaket besteht.If the hot-melt adhesive varnish layers of the stacked sheet metal parts are preheated to a first temperature which is above a glass transition temperature T g of the hot-melt adhesive varnish and below the baking temperature of the hot-melt adhesive varnish and are put under pressure in this preheated state, the packaging process according to the invention can offer the possibility of flexible and exact adjustment of the package height. With the help of this layer connection under pressure and heat can namely reduce unevenness between the individual sheet metal parts and thus the laminated core can be converted much more precisely into the state that exists after the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers have been baked on the laminated core.
Ein nachfolgendes Erfassen der Pakethöhe hp von den einzelnen Blechpaketen aus den aufeinandergestapelten Blechteilen mithilfe eines Messverfahrens kann daher besonders exakt vorgenommen werden. A subsequent detection of the package height hp of the individual sheet metal packages from the stacked sheet metal parts with the aid of a measuring method can therefore be carried out particularly precisely.
Wird dann gegebenenfalls bei Unterschreitung des Toleranzbereichs von dieser er fassten Pakethöhe hpm zumindest ein zusätzliches Blechteil auf eine Stirnseite des betreffenden Blechpakets aufgebracht, damit die Pakethöhe hp an eine Höhe im To leranzbereich Äh zur vorgegeben Sollpakethöhe hs anzupassen, können formgenaue Blechpakete zur Verfügung stehen. Dies ist deshalb noch möglich, da die Schmelz- klebelackschicht nicht auf einer Temperatur über der Verbackungstemperatur er wärmt wurde, was ein Aufbringen eines oder weiterer Blechteile auf das jeweilige Blechpaket ohne Qualitätseinbußen erlaubt. Diese formgenauen Blechpakete können nachfolgend einem Verbacken zugeführt werden, um deren Pakethöhe zu fixieren bzw. damit deren Schmelzklebelackschichten auszuhärten. If then, if the package height hpm falls below the tolerance range, at least one additional sheet metal part is applied to the end face of the sheet package concerned so that the package height hp can be adjusted to a height in the tolerance range Uh to the specified target package height hs, then form-accurate sheet metal packages can be available. This is still possible because the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layer was not heated to a temperature above the baking temperature, which allows one or more sheet metal parts to be applied to the respective sheet metal core without any loss of quality. These precisely shaped sheet-metal stacks can then be fed to a baking process in order to fix their stack height or thus to harden their hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers.
Hierzu werden die Schmelzklebelackschichten jedes Blechpakets auf eine zweite Temperatur, die größer gleich der Verbackungstemperatur des Schmelzklebelacks ist, enderwärmt und damit dessen Blechteile über die Schmelzklebelackschichten miteinander verbackt. For this purpose, the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers of each laminated core are finally heated to a second temperature, which is greater than or equal to the baking temperature of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer, and thus its sheet metal parts are baked together via the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers.
Zudem kann diese Möglichkeit, Blechpakete nach der Paketierung auch zu erhöhen, dazu beitragen das Herstellungsverfahren zu erleichtern, indem beispielsweise ten denziell die Anzahl an paketierten Blechteilen in Richtung eines Untermaßes der Pa kethöhe eingestellt wird. Derart ist ein Übermaß sicher vermeidbar, welches bekann termaßen durch Druck auf das Blechpaket meistens nicht in ausreichendem Ausmaß reduziert werden kann - vor allem nicht, ohne dabei eine funktionsbeeinträchti gende/funktionsgefährdende Ausquetschung von Schmelzklebelack in Kauf nehmen zu müssen. In addition, this possibility of increasing the laminated stacks after the stacking can also contribute to simplifying the manufacturing process, for example by setting the number of stacked laminated sheet metal parts in the direction of an undersize of the stack height. In this way, an excess can be safely avoided, which, as is known, usually cannot be reduced to a sufficient extent by pressure on the laminated core - especially not without having to accept a function-impairing / function-endangering squeezing of hot-melt adhesive varnish.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich daher durch eine hohe Reproduzier barkeit in der Herstellung von in der Höhe exakten Blechpaketen aus Blechteilen aus. Zudem kann die Verwendung der Wärmenergie der Vorerwärmung bei der Enderwär mung auch die Energieeffizienz in der kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Blechpaketen verbessern. The inventive method is therefore characterized by a high degree of reproducibility in the production of sheet metal stacks of sheet metal parts that are exact in height. In addition, the use of the thermal energy from the preheating during the final heating can also improve the energy efficiency in the continuous production of laminated cores.
Vorzugsweise wird das zumindest eine Blechteil auf die Schmelzklebelackschicht am Blechpaket aufgebracht. Dadurch wird das Blechteil also auf eine warme Schmelz klebelackschicht aufgebracht, was die Anbindung des zusätzlichen Blechteils verbes sern kann. The at least one sheet metal part is preferably applied to the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer on the sheet-metal package. As a result, the sheet metal part is applied to a warm enamel layer, which can improve the connection of the additional sheet metal part.
Wird das, zumindest eine Blechteil erwärmt, bevor es auf das Blechpaket aufgebracht wird, ist ein Temperaturabfall vermeidbar. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die Anbin dung des zusätzlichen Blechteils zu verbessern. Vorzugsweise wird das zusätzliche Blechteil auf die erste Temperatur erwärmt. If the at least one sheet metal part is heated before it is applied to the laminated core, a temperature drop can be avoided. In this way it is possible to improve the connection of the additional sheet metal part. The additional sheet metal part is preferably heated to the first temperature.
Vorzugsweise wird beim Anpassen der Pakethöhe das, mindestens eine Blechteil auf das stirnseitige Ende des Blechpakets unter Druck aufgebracht. Damit kann die An bindung des Blechteils an das Blechpaket weiter verbessert werden. When adjusting the package height, the at least one sheet metal part is preferably applied under pressure to the end face of the sheet metal package. In this way, the bond between the sheet metal part and the laminated core can be further improved.
Im Allgemeinen wird erwähnt, dass das aufgebrachte Blechteil gleich mit den aufei- nandergestapelten Blechteilen sein kann, also auch auf mindestens einer seiner Flachseiten eine Schmelzklebelackschicht, insbesondere Backlackschicht, aufwei sen kann. In general, it is mentioned that the applied sheet metal part can be the same as the sheet metal parts stacked one on top of the other, that is to say can also have a hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer, in particular a baked lacquer layer, on at least one of its flat sides.
Einfache Verfahrensbedingungen können sich ergeben, wenn die erste Temperatur im Bereich von 90 °C bis 150 °C, insbesondere 100 °C bis 120 °C, liegt und/oder dass die zweite Temperatur im Bereich von 180 °C bis 250 °C, insbesondere von 180 °C bis 220 °C, liegt. Simple process conditions can result if the first temperature is in the range from 90 ° C. to 150 ° C., in particular 100 ° C. to 120 ° C., and / or that the second temperature is in the range from 180 ° C. to 250 ° C., in particular from 180 ° C to 220 ° C.
Geringe Taktzeiten können garantiert werden, wenn im vorerwärmten Zustand der Schmelzklebelackschichten das Erfassen der Pakethöhe und/oder das Anpassen der Pakethöhe erfolgt. Short cycle times can be guaranteed if the package height is recorded and / or the package height is adjusted in the preheated state of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers.
Ein kontinuierlicher Ablauf des Verfahrens wird ermöglicht, wenn das Erwärmen der Schmelzklebelackschichten auf die erste Temperatur in einer Stapeleinrichtung erfolgt, die an ein Stanzwerkzeug anschließt, welches Stanzwerkzeug die Schmelz- klebelackschichten in der Stapeleinrichtung unter Druck setzt. The process can run continuously if the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers are heated to the first temperature in a stacking device takes place, which is connected to a punching tool, which punching tool puts the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers in the stacking device under pressure.
Ein alternativer kontinuierlicher Ablauf ist vorstellbar, wenn das Erwärmen der Schmelzklebelackschichten auf die erste Temperatur in einem ersten Ofen erfolgt, in welchen Ofen die Blechpakete aus den aufeinandergestapelten Blechteilen einge bracht werden. An alternative, continuous process is conceivable if the heating of the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers to the first temperature takes place in a first furnace, in which furnace the laminated cores from the stacked sheet metal parts are introduced.
Auch kann sich mit dieser Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens im Fluss von einer Einrich tung zur nächsten Einrichtung in der Handhabung erleichtern - beispielsweise, indem die Anpassung der Pakethöhe in einer Paketregulierungseinrichtung erfolgt und/oder das Verbacken der Blechteile in einem zweiten Ofen erfolgt. This refinement of the process can also facilitate handling in the flow from one device to the next - for example, by adjusting the package height in a package regulating device and / or by baking the sheet metal parts in a second oven.
Die Reproduzierbarkeit des Verfahrens kann weiter verbessert werden, wenn alle Blechpakete unter den gleich hohen Druck gesetzt werden. Zudem ist damit eine Trendanalyse der Pakethöhen der Blechpakete reproduzierbar durchführbar. Vor zugsweise liegt der Druck im Bereich von 2 bis 10 N/mm2, insbesondere von 3 bis 5 N/mm2 The reproducibility of the process can be further improved if all the laminated cores are placed under the same high pressure. In addition, a trend analysis of the stack heights of the laminated stacks can be carried out in a reproducible manner. The pressure is preferably in the range from 2 to 10 N / mm 2 , in particular from 3 to 5 N / mm 2
Vorzugsweise beträgt die Dicke jedes Blechteils zwischen 0,1 und 0,5 mm, insbeson dere von 0,1 bis 0,3 mm, und/oder beträgt die Dicke der Schmelzklebelackschicht jedes Blechteils zwischen 2 und 12 pm, insbesondere von 4 bis 8 pm. Damit sind besonders vorteilhafte Voraussetzungen für eine hohe Reproduzierbarkeit des Ver fahrens erreichbar. The thickness of each sheet metal part is preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, in particular from 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and / or the thickness of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer of each sheet metal part is between 2 and 12 μm, in particular from 4 to 8 μm . In this way, particularly advantageous prerequisites for high reproducibility of the process can be achieved.
Das Verfahren kann sich insbesondere für vergleichsweise hohe Blechpakete eignen, beispielsweise wenn jedes Blechpaket mehr als 100 Blechteile aufweist. The method can be particularly suitable for comparatively high laminated cores, for example when each laminated core has more than 100 sheet metal parts.
Wird im Falle eines Überschreitens der Sollpakethöhe durch die erfasste Pakethöhe des Blechpakets beim Aufeinanderstapeln der Blechteile für das jeweilige Blechpaket die Anzahl um mindestens ein Blechteil reduziert, kann dies einer Absicht, beim Paketieren der Blechpakete ein Untermaß der Pakethöhe zu bevorzugen förderlich sein - zumindest aber ist ein Übermaß im Verfahren vermeidbar. Die Reproduzierbar keit des Verfahrens kann damit weiter erhöht werden. If the number of sheet metal parts is reduced by at least one sheet metal part when the sheet metal core is stacked on top of each other in the event that the target package height is exceeded by the recorded package height of the sheet metal core, this can be an intention Packing the laminated stacks an undersize of the stack height may be beneficial - but at least an excess can be avoided in the process. The reproducibility of the process can thus be further increased.
Unter anderem kann auch im Falle eines Unterschreitens der Sollpakethöhe durch die erfasste Pakethöhe des Blechpakets beim Aufeinanderstapeln der Blechteile für das jeweilige Blechpaket die Anzahl um mindestens ein Blechteil erhöht wird. Among other things, the number of sheet metal parts for the respective sheet metal package can be increased by at least one sheet metal part if the package height of the sheet metal package falls below the target package height when the sheet metal package is stacked on top of one another.
Vorzugsweise wird die Anzahl der zu einem Blechpaket aufeinandergestapelten Blechteile stets derart gewählt wird, dass die erfasste Pakethöhe die Sollpakethöhe des Blechpakets um mindestens die Dicke eines Blechteils der aufeinandergestapel ten Blechteile unterschreitet. Preferably, the number of sheet metal parts stacked on top of one another to form a laminated core is always selected such that the detected package height is less than the nominal package height of the laminated core by at least the thickness of one sheet metal part of the sheet metal parts stacked one on top of the other.
Erfolgt die Anpassung der Pakethöhe durch Aufbringen von eins bis fünf Blechteilen, insbesondere von eins bis drei Blechteilen, auf das stirnseitige Ende des Blechpakets, kann dies für eine ausreichende Erhöhung der Pakethöhe beitragen. Auch kann durch solche eine in der Anzahl an Blechteilen vergleichsweise geringe Anpassung vermei den, dass andere Ungenauigkeiten Einfluss auf Formgenauigkeit des Blechpaket nehmen können. If the package height is adjusted by applying one to five sheet metal parts, in particular one to three sheet metal parts, to the front end of the sheet metal package, this can contribute to a sufficient increase in the package height. Such an adaptation in the number of sheet metal parts can also prevent other inaccuracies from influencing the dimensional accuracy of the laminated core.
Flohe Passgenauigkeit am zusätzlich aufgebrachten Blechteil gegenüber den pake tierten Blechteilen des Blechpakets kann gewährleistet werden, wenn vor dem Pake tieren zum Blechpaket das, mindestens eine Blechteil vor dem Aufeinanderstapeln ausgeschieden wird und für die Anpassung der Pakethöhe verwendet wird. Flea accuracy of fit on the additionally applied sheet metal part compared to the packaged sheet metal parts of the sheet metal package can be guaranteed if the at least one sheet metal part is separated before the stacking and is used to adjust the package height before the package animals to the sheet metal package.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
In den Figuren ist beispielsweise der Erfindungsgegenstand anhand mehrere Aus führungsbeispiele näher dargestellt. Es zeigen In the figures, for example, the subject matter of the invention is shown in more detail with the aid of several exemplary embodiments. Show it
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung zu einer ersten Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung zu einer zweiten Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens 1 shows a schematic representation of a first device for carrying out the method according to the invention, 2 shows a schematic representation of a second device for carrying out the method according to the invention
Fig. 3a aufeinandergestapelte Blechteile nach einem Verfahren gemäß dem Stand der Technik, 3a sheet metal parts stacked on top of one another according to a method according to the prior art,
Fig. 3b aufeinandergestapelte Blechteile im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,3b sheet metal parts stacked on top of one another in the method according to the invention,
Fig. 4a einen Flöhenverlauf von nach einem Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik paketierten Blechpaketen und 4a shows a flea course of laminated cores packaged according to a method according to the prior art, and FIG
Fig. 4b einen Flöhenverlauf von nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren paketierten Blechpaketen. 4b shows a flea course of laminated cores packaged according to the method according to the invention.
Nach den Figuren 1 und 2 sind Vorrichtungen 1a, 1 b dargestellt, mit denen Blechpa kete 2 hergestellt werden, deren Pakethöhe hp in einem Toleranzbereich zu einer vorgegebenen Sollpakethöhe hs liegt. Die Blechpakete 2 werden vorzugsweise für elektromagnetische Bauteile, beispielsweise für elektrischen Maschinen, verwendet. According to Figures 1 and 2 devices 1a, 1b are shown with which Blechpa kete 2 are produced, the package height hp is in a tolerance range to a predetermined target package height hs. The laminated cores 2 are preferably used for electromagnetic components, for example for electrical machines.
Flierzu werden durch die Vorrichtung 1a - wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt - aus einem Elekt- roband 3 mehrere Blechteile 4 abgetrennt. To do this, the device 1 a - as shown in FIG. 1 - separates several sheet metal parts 4 from an electrical strip 3.
Das Elektroband 3 ist mit einer thermohärtbaren Schmelzklebelackschicht 7 mit vor zugsweise auf Epoxydharzbasis, beispielsweise Backlackschicht, beschichtet. Die thermohärtbare bzw. heißhärtende Schmelzklebelackschichten 7 können aus Back lack bestehen. Beispielsweise kann auch ein katalytisierter Backlack Anwendung fin den, z.B.: Backlack mit Depotbeschichtung zur rascheren Ausreaktion. The electrical steel 3 is coated with a thermosetting hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7, preferably based on an epoxy resin, for example a baked lacquer layer. The thermosetting or hot-curing hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 can consist of baking lacquer. For example, a catalytic baked enamel can also be used, e.g .: baked enamel with a depot coating for faster reaction.
Die Abtrennung der Blechteile 4 wird mit einem Stanzwerkzeug 5, das auch Teil eines nicht dargestellten Folgestanzwerkzeugs sein kann, durchgeführt. Andere Einrichtun gen zur Abtrennung von Blechteilen 4, beispielsweise Laser, sind vorstellbar. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Dicke jedes Blechteils 4 zwischen 0,1 und 0,5 mm und die Dicke jeder Schmelzklebelackschicht 7 zwischen 2 und 12 pm. The sheet metal parts 4 are separated off with a punching tool 5, which can also be part of a subsequent punching tool (not shown). Other facilities for separating sheet metal parts 4, such as lasers, are conceivable. The thickness of each sheet metal part 4 is preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm and the thickness of each hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7 between 2 and 12 μm.
Die Blechteile 4 werden vom Stanzstempel 5a des Stanzwerkzeugs 5 in eine Stape leinrichtung 6 gedrängt. In dieser Stapeleinrichtung 6 werden die Blechteile 4, die auf mindestens einer ihrer Flachseiten 4a eine Schmelzklebelackschicht 7, nämlich Backlackschicht, aufweisen, aufeinandergestapelt. Zwei von diesen gestapelten Blechteilen 4 sind in Fig. 3a zu erkennen. Alle aufeinandergestapelten Blechteile 4 verlassen die Stapeleinrichtung 6 in Blechpakete 2 bzw. werden beim Verlassen der Stapeleinrichtung 6 in Blechpakete 2 getrennt, was nicht näher dargestellt worden ist. The sheet metal parts 4 are pushed into a stacking device 6 by the punch 5a of the punching tool 5. In this stacking device 6, the sheet metal parts 4, which have a hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7 on at least one of their flat sides 4a, namely Baked lacquer layer, have, stacked one on top of the other. Two of these stacked sheet metal parts 4 can be seen in FIG. 3a. All sheet metal parts 4 stacked on top of one another leave the stacking device 6 in sheet metal stacks 2 or are separated into sheet metal stacks 2 when they leave the stacking device 6, which has not been shown in more detail.
Die Blechpakete 2 werden dann weiteren Verfahrensschritten unterworfen - und zwar wird das Blechpaket 2 in einen ersten Ofen 8 eingebracht, um damit die Schmelzkle- belackschichten 7 der aufeinandergestapelten Blechteile 4 auf eine erste Temperatur t1 , welche über einer Glasübergangstemperatur Tg des Schmelzklebelacks 7 und un terhalb der Verbackungstemperatur des Schmelzklebelacks liegt, vorerwärmt. Vor zugsweise liegt die erste Temperatur t1 bei 90°C (90 Grad Celsius). The laminated cores 2 are then subjected to further process steps - namely the laminated core 2 is introduced into a first furnace 8 in order to bring the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 of the stacked sheet metal parts 4 to a first temperature t1, which is above a glass transition temperature T g of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer 7 and un is below the baking temperature of the hot melt adhesive varnish, preheated. The first temperature t1 is preferably 90 ° C. (90 degrees Celsius).
In einem nächsten Schritt wird das Blechpaket 2 in eine Presse 9 eingebracht, die auf das Blechpaket 2 mit einem Presstempel 9a eine auf das Blechpaket 2 axiale Press kraft P auf das Blechpaket 2 ausübt - siehe Presskraft P in Fig. 3a. In a next step, the laminated core 2 is introduced into a press 9, which exerts an axial compressive force P on the laminated core 2 on the laminated core 2 with a press ram 9a on the laminated core 2 - see compressive force P in FIG. 3a.
Durch diese Presskraft P werden Unebenheiten, beispielsweise in der Anbindung des Schmelzklebelacks 7 an ein Blechteil 4 oder auch an einen Schmelzklebelack 7 eines anschließenden Blechteils 4, ausgeglichen - siehe hierzu Fig. 3b. This pressing force P compensates for unevenness, for example in the connection of the hot-melt adhesive varnish 7 to a sheet metal part 4 or also to a hot-melt adhesive varnish 7 of an adjoining sheet metal part 4 - see FIG. 3b in this regard.
Die Presse 9 setzt alle Blechpakete 2 unter den gleich hohen Druck, der im Bereich von 2 bis 10 N/mm2, vorzugsweise von 3 bis 5 N/mm2, nämlich 4 N/mm2 liegt. Diese Presskraft P kann beispielsweise ausreichen, zu einer vollständigen Anbindung der Schmelzklebelackschichten 7 zu führen, um damit die freien Bereiche zwischen den Schmelzklebelackschichten 7, wie in Fig. 3a zu erkennen, zu beheben. Auch kann damit die Anbindung der Blechteile 4 untereinander erheblich verbessert werden, was die Standfestigkeit der, durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hergestellten Blech pakete 2 weiter erhöht. The press 9 puts all the laminated cores 2 under the same high pressure, which is in the range from 2 to 10 N / mm 2, preferably from 3 to 5 N / mm 2, namely 4 N / mm 2. This pressing force P can, for example, be sufficient to lead to a complete connection of the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 in order to eliminate the free areas between the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7, as can be seen in FIG. 3a. The connection of the sheet metal parts 4 to one another can also be considerably improved, which further increases the stability of the sheet metal stacks 2 produced by the method according to the invention.
Auch wird - wie in Fig. 1 zu erkennen - das Blechpaket 2 bzw. deren Schmelzklebe- lackschicht 7 während des Pressens auf erster Temperatur t1 gehalten. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the laminated core 2 or its hot-melt adhesive lacquer layer 7 is also kept at the first temperature t1 during the pressing.
Damit sind alle Voraussetzungen für exakte Messungen der Pakethöhe hp geschaf fen. Flierzu wird das Blechpaket 2 in einem weiteren Schritt nach der Presse 9 einer Messeinrichtung 10 zugeführt, die die Pakethöhe hpm erfasst. Verschiedenste Mess verfahren sind hierzu vorstellbar, beispielsweise optische Verfahren, manuelle Ver fahren etc, oder auch Verfahren, bei dem über die Position des Presstempels 9a der Presse 9 beim oder nach dem Unterdrucksetzen des Blechpakets 4 auf dessen Pa kethöhe hpm rückgeschlossen wird. This means that all the prerequisites for exact measurements of the package height hp are created. Flierzu is the laminated core 2 in a further step after the press 9 a Measuring device 10 supplied, which detects the package height hpm. A wide variety of measurement methods are conceivable for this, for example optical methods, manual methods, etc., or methods in which the position of the press ram 9a of the press 9 during or after the pressurization of the laminated core 4 is used to determine its height hpm.
Vorzugsweise wird die Pakethöhe hpm vom Blechpaket 2 erfasst, deren Schmelzkle- belackschichten sich im vorerwärmten Zustand befinden, was die Genauigkeit des Messverfahrens weiter erhöhen kann. The stack height hpm is preferably detected by the laminated stack 2, the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers of which are in the preheated state, which can further increase the accuracy of the measuring method.
Anhand dieser erfassten Pakethöhe hpm wird dann gegebenenfalls eine Anpassung der Pakethöhe hp vorgenommen - und zwar, wenn diese erfasste Pakethöhe hpm einen Toleranzbereich Ah zu einer vorgegebenen Sollpakethöhe hs unterschreitet.On the basis of this recorded package height hpm, an adjustment of the package height hp is then carried out if necessary - namely, if this recorded package height hpm falls below a tolerance range Ah with respect to a predetermined target package height hs.
In diesem Fall wird in einer, der Messeinrichtung 10 nachfolgenden Paketregulie rungseinrichtung 11 auf das Blechpaket 2 ein zusätzliches Blechteil 4 auf eine Stirn seite 2a des betreffenden Blechpakets 2 aufgebracht, um die Pakethöhe hp an eine Höhe im Toleranzbereich Ah anzupassen. In den Beispielen entspricht der Toleranz bereich Ah insgesamt (also +/-) der Dicke d eines Blechteils 4, also +d/2 und -d/2 von der Sollpakethöhe hs ausgesehen. In this case, in a packet regulation device 11 following the measuring device 10, an additional sheet metal part 4 is applied to the laminated core 2 on an end face 2a of the laminated core 2 in order to adapt the packet height hp to a height in the tolerance range Ah. In the examples, the tolerance range Ah corresponds overall (ie +/-) to the thickness d of a sheet metal part 4, ie + d / 2 and -d / 2 viewed from the nominal package height hs.
Durch diese Maßnahme wird die Herstellung besonders exakter Blechpakete 2 si chergestellt. By this measure, the production of particularly precise laminated cores 2 is ensured.
Vorzugsweise wird die Pakethöhe (hp) des Blechpakets 2, deren Schmelzklebelack- schichten 7 sich im vorerwärmten Zustand befinden, angepasst, was das Anbinden des Blechteils 4 an das Blechpaket 2 erleichtert. The package height (hp) of the laminated core 2, the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 of which are in the preheated state, is preferably adapted, which makes it easier to connect the sheet metal part 4 to the laminated core 2.
In einem nachfolgenden Schritt wird das Blechpaket 2 in einen zweiten Ofen 12 ein gebracht und dort die Schmelzklebelackschichten 7 des Blechpaketes 2 auf eine zweite Temperatur t2, die größer gleich der Verbackungstemperatur des Schmelzkle- belacks ist, enderwärmt, um deren Blechteile 4 unter Druck, ausgeübt von einem ei nen Ofenstempel 12a, miteinander bei ausreichend langer Verbackungszeit verba cken. Beispielsweise liegt die zweite Temperatur t2 bei 190 °C (190 Grad Celsius) und die Verbackungszeit bei 15 Minuten. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist daher äußerst flexibel und stellt mit hoher Re produzierbarkeit exakte Blechpakete 2 her. In a subsequent step, the laminated core 2 is brought into a second furnace 12 and there the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers 7 of the laminated laminate 2 are heated to a second temperature t2, which is greater than or equal to the baking temperature of the hot melt adhesive varnish, and their sheet metal parts 4 are exerted under pressure from an oven stamp 12a, together with a sufficiently long baking time. For example, the second temperature t2 is 190 ° C. (190 degrees Celsius) and the baking time is 15 minutes. The method according to the invention is therefore extremely flexible and produces exact sheet metal stacks 2 with a high level of reproducibility.
Besonders aber zeichnet sich das Verfahren dadurch aus, dass Blechpakete 2 mit einer Tendenz zu einem Untermaß aus Blechteilen 4 gestapelt werden können, weil ja die Möglichkeit besteht, solche untermaßige Blechpakete 2 mit einem zusätzlichen Blechteil 4 ergänzen zu können. Es kann sich daher erübrigen, übermäßige Blechpa kete 2 beim Verbacken durch Druck auf Maß zu bringen, was ohnehin nur geringfügig möglich ist. Eine Ausquetschung 13 von Schmelzklebelack, wie in Fig. 3b dargestellt, kann so vermieden werden, was die Kurzschlusssicherheit zwischen den Blechteilen 4 bzw. des Blechpakets 2 gefährden könnte. However, the method is particularly characterized by the fact that sheet metal stacks 2 with a tendency to undersize can be stacked from sheet metal parts 4, because there is the possibility of being able to supplement such undersized sheet metal stacks 2 with an additional sheet metal part 4. It may therefore be unnecessary to bring excessive Blechpa kete 2 when baking by pressure to size, which is only slightly possible anyway. Squeezing out 13 of hot-melt adhesive varnish, as shown in FIG.
Die Vorrichtung 1 b nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von der Vorrichtung 1a der Fig. 1 im Wesentlichen dadurch, dass die Vorerwärmung und das Belasten der Schmelz- klebelackschichten 7 mit Druck nicht am Blechpaket 2 durchgeführt wird, sondern dies in der Stapeleinrichtung 6 erfolgt. The device 1 b according to FIG. 2 differs from the device 1 a of FIG. 1 essentially in that the preheating and the loading of the hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers 7 with pressure is not carried out on the laminated core 2, but in the stacking device 6.
Flierzu ist die Stapeleinrichtung 6 mit einer Wandheizung 6a versehen, welche die Schmelzklebelackschichten 7 auf die erste Temperatur t1 erwärmen. Der Stanzstem pel 5a hingegen drückt die abgetrennten Blechteile 4 in die Stapeleinrichtung 6 gegen die Gegenkraft eines Gegenhalters 6b - was zu einer axialen Kraft auf die aufeinan- dergestapelten Blechteile 4 führt und damit die vorerwärmten Schmelzklebelack schichten 7 mit Druck belastet. For this purpose, the stacking device 6 is provided with a wall heater 6a, which heats the hot-melt adhesive lacquer layers 7 to the first temperature t1. The punch 5a, on the other hand, presses the separated sheet metal parts 4 into the stacking device 6 against the counterforce of a counter-holder 6b - which leads to an axial force on the sheet metal parts 4 stacked on top of one another and thus loads the preheated hotmelt adhesive lacquer layers 7 with pressure.
Dieses Verfahren zeichnet sich durch eine geringere Anzahl an Verfahrensschritten aus und führt damit zu verminderten Taktzeiten in der Paketierung von in der Paket höhe hp exakten Blechpaketen 2. This method is characterized by a smaller number of method steps and thus leads to reduced cycle times in the stacking of laminated stacks 2 with an exact stack height of hp.
Fig. 4a offenbart ein Verfahren zum Paketieren von Blechpaketen nach dem Stand der Technik, bei dem eine Trendanalyse der Höhe H, über zwanzig Blechpakete dar gestellt, durchgeführt wird. Wie zu erkennen, besteht bei den Blechpaketen mit der Nummer 7 bis 13 ein Übermaß, diese liegen sohin außerhalb der Obergrenze des Toleranzbereichs Ah zu einer Sollpakethöhe hs. Dieser Trend wird von der Trendanalyse erkannt, und die Anzahl an aufeinandergestapelten Blechteilen derma ßen hoch reduziert, dass die Pakethöhe hp wieder im geforderten Toleranzbereich Ah zu einer Sollpakethöhe hs liegt. Da sich die Pakethöhe im Trend im Gegensatz zu den vorherigen Blechpaketen verringert, besteht plötzlich beim Blechpaket mit der Nummer 16 ein Untermaß. Dies kann im Stand der Technik nicht korrigiert werden, und stellt einen Ausschuss dar. Das Gleiche gilt zumindest für die Blechpakete mit der Nummer 7 bis 13, deren Übermaß nicht mehr durch Druck kompensierbar ist, ohne Kurzschlüsse durch Ausquetschen von Schmelzklebelack befürchten zu müs sen. Fig. 4a discloses a method for stacking laminated cores according to the prior art, in which a trend analysis of the height H, over twenty laminated cores, is performed. As can be seen, the laminated cores with the number 7 to 13 are oversized, so they are outside the upper limit of the tolerance range Ah for a target stack height hs. This trend is driven by the Trend analysis recognized, and the number of sheet metal parts stacked on top of one another is reduced to such an extent that the package height hp is again within the required tolerance range Ah for a target package height hs. Since the stack height is currently decreasing in contrast to the previous laminated stacks, the laminated stack with the number 16 suddenly becomes undersized. This cannot be corrected in the prior art and represents a scrap. The same applies at least to the laminated cores numbered 7 to 13, the excess of which can no longer be compensated for by pressure without having to fear short circuits due to the squeezing of hot melt adhesive varnish.
Fig. 4b offenbart das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, bei dem die Option besteht, aus Blechteilen 4 gestapelte Blechpakete 2 bei Bedarf mit zumindest einem weiteren Blechteil 4 zu ergänzen. Daher kann auch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit einer Tendenz, die Anzahl an aufeinandergestapelten Blechteile 4 auf Untermaß zum To leranzbereich Ah einzustellen, durchgeführt werden. Bekannte Trendanalysen kön nen so vernachlässigt werden, da -wie erwähnt- durch Aufbringen von Blechteilen die Pakethöhe hp stets an den Toleranzbereich Ah zu einer Sollpakethöhe hs angepasst werden kann. 4b discloses the method according to the invention, in which there is the option of adding at least one further sheet metal part 4 to stacked sheet metal stacks 2 from sheet metal parts 4. Therefore, the method according to the invention can also be carried out with a tendency to set the number of sheet metal parts 4 stacked on top of one another to an undersize relative to the tolerance range Ah. Known trend analyzes can be neglected because, as mentioned, the package height hp can always be adapted to the tolerance range Ah to a target package height hs by applying sheet metal parts.
Die Anzahl der aufgebrachten Blechteile 4 kann gering bleiben und vorzugsweise von eins bis fünf Blechteile 4 betragen, die Reproduzierbarkeit des Verfahrens zu gewähr leisten. Beispielsweise werden nach Fig. 4b fehlen bei den Blechpaketen mit der Nummer 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 19 der zwei aufeinandergestapelte Blechteile 4, beim Blech paket 16 drei aufeinandergestapelte Blechteile 4 und bei den anderen Blechpaketen je ein aufeinandergestapeltes Blechteil 4, wie dies an der erfassten Pakethöhe hpm zu erkennen ist. The number of applied sheet metal parts 4 can remain small and preferably be from one to five sheet metal parts 4 to ensure the reproducibility of the method. For example, according to Fig. 4b, the sheet metal stacks with the number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 19 lack the two stacked sheet metal parts 4, the sheet metal package 16 three stacked sheet metal parts 4 and the other sheet metal stacks each have a stacked sheet metal part 4 as can be seen from the recorded package height hpm.
Die jeweils fehlenden Blechteile 4 werden von der Stapeleinrichtung 6 aufgebracht, was eine hergestellte Pakethöhe hp innerhalb des Toleranzbereichs Ah zur Sollpa kethöhe hs garantiert. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann daher ohne Ausschuss formgenaue Blechpakete 3 hersteilen. Dies nach dem Aufeinanderstapeln angeordnete Anpassung der Pakethöhe hs ist auch im Verfahren vergleichsweise problemlos integrierbar. Dies bereits aufgrund der Tatsache, dass die Taktzeit sowieso im Wesentlichen von der zeitlich längeren Aus härtungszeit beim Enderwärmen vorgegeben wird. The respectively missing sheet metal parts 4 are applied by the stacking device 6, which guarantees a produced package height hp within the tolerance range Ah to the target package height hs. The method according to the invention can therefore produce sheet-metal stacks 3 of exact shape without rejects. This adjustment of the stack height hs arranged after the stacking on top of one another can also be integrated comparatively easily in the method. This is due to the fact that the cycle time is essentially dictated by the longer curing time during final heating anyway.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20160522.7A EP3876403A1 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-02 | Method for packaging of metal parts to stacks of metal sheets |
| PCT/EP2021/055226 WO2021175875A1 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Method for packaging sheet metal parts from an electric strip or sheet to form sheet metal packages |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4082102A1 true EP4082102A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
Family
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20160522.7A Withdrawn EP3876403A1 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-02 | Method for packaging of metal parts to stacks of metal sheets |
| EP21715485.5A Pending EP4082102A1 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Method for packaging sheet metal parts from an electric strip or sheet to form sheet metal packages |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20160522.7A Withdrawn EP3876403A1 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-02 | Method for packaging of metal parts to stacks of metal sheets |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US11745247B2 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP3876403A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20220151639A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN115380459A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021175875A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220111430A1 (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2022-04-14 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Method for stacking punched lamination elements to form lamination stacks |
| EP4325533A1 (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2024-02-21 | voestalpine Stahl GmbH | Method for packing sheet metal parts from an electrical strip or sheet metal to a stack of laminations |
| WO2024086748A2 (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-25 | Alloy Enterprises Inc. | Manufacturing large scale metal laminated object parts |
| EP4329167A1 (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-02-28 | voestalpine Stahl GmbH | Method for packing sheet metal parts from an electrical strip or sheet metal to at least one laminated core |
| CN120615265A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2025-09-09 | 日本发条株式会社 | Method for manufacturing laminated iron core and laminated iron core |
| JP2025029479A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2025-03-06 | 吉川工業株式会社 | Method and device for adjusting thickness of laminated core |
| DE102023133261B4 (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2025-12-24 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Manufacturing system and process for the manufacture of a stator and/or a rotor of an electric machine, as well as a computer program product |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0993887B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2005-08-10 | Schuler Pressen GmbH & Co. KG | Method for stamping and stacking of sheet metal lamellae |
| WO2012027855A2 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-08 | Mta Mechatronic Ag | Method for producing bodies of sheet metal stacks |
| KR20170141358A (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-26 | 주식회사 포스코대우 | Apparatus For Manufacturing Core Lamination And Manufacturing Method Of Core Lamination Using The Same |
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| DE2065645A1 (en) | 1970-07-30 | 1974-10-31 | Schuler Gmbh L | DEVICE FOR PACKAGING AND WELDING THE STACKS OF METALS |
| DE2839928A1 (en) | 1978-09-14 | 1980-03-27 | Schuler Gmbh L | DEVICE FOR PRINTING, STACKING AND PACKAGING PLANTS OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES IN RIGHT PRINT AREA |
| DE3829068C1 (en) | 1988-08-25 | 1990-01-11 | Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf, De | |
| DE112004000364T5 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2006-02-16 | Warwick Mills Inc. | Method for producing adhesive fabric bonds with heat and pressure by comparing current bonding parameters with predicted optimal bonding parameters |
| GB0519364D0 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2005-11-02 | Airbus Uk Ltd | Assembly of aircraft components |
| TWI353885B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2011-12-11 | Primax Electronics Ltd | Thickness detecting mechanism |
| CH703695A1 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-15 | Mta Mechatronic Ag | A process for preparing a metal body. |
| DE102012001744A1 (en) * | 2012-01-28 | 2013-08-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Manufacturing laminated core made of many stacked electrical sheets, comprises activating adhesive coating of electrical steel sheet, connecting laminated core to electrical steel sheet and punching the electrical steel sheet |
| DE102012005795A1 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-19 | Kienle + Spiess Gmbh | Disc pack and method for its production |
| DE102012215982A1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Laminated core for rotor of electrical machine e.g. electric motor, has pressure slats and pressure fingers positioned between two metal sheets, where pressure slats are positioned in area between grooves of core |
| DE102013224649B4 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2024-05-23 | Dmg Mori Ultrasonic Lasertec Gmbh | Machine tool |
| US9358764B2 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-06-07 | The Boeing Company | System and method of joining components |
| DE102016000399A1 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-07-28 | Daimler Ag | Method for producing a laminated core for an electrical machine |
| JP6543608B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2019-07-10 | 株式会社三井ハイテック | Method of manufacturing laminated core and apparatus for manufacturing laminated core |
-
2020
- 2020-03-02 EP EP20160522.7A patent/EP3876403A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-03-02 CN CN202180016772.2A patent/CN115380459A/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 EP EP21715485.5A patent/EP4082102A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 US US17/909,127 patent/US11745247B2/en active Active
- 2021-03-02 KR KR1020227034231A patent/KR20220151639A/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 WO PCT/EP2021/055226 patent/WO2021175875A1/en not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0993887B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2005-08-10 | Schuler Pressen GmbH & Co. KG | Method for stamping and stacking of sheet metal lamellae |
| WO2012027855A2 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-08 | Mta Mechatronic Ag | Method for producing bodies of sheet metal stacks |
| KR20170141358A (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-26 | 주식회사 포스코대우 | Apparatus For Manufacturing Core Lamination And Manufacturing Method Of Core Lamination Using The Same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| See also references of WO2021175875A1 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11745247B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
| KR20220151639A (en) | 2022-11-15 |
| CN115380459A (en) | 2022-11-22 |
| EP3876403A1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
| US20230100562A1 (en) | 2023-03-30 |
| WO2021175875A1 (en) | 2021-09-10 |
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