EP4093902A1 - <sup2/>? <sub2/>?2?korrosionsschutz in einem co-elektrolyse-stack - Google Patents
<sup2/>? <sub2/>?2?korrosionsschutz in einem co-elektrolyse-stackInfo
- Publication number
- EP4093902A1 EP4093902A1 EP21725401.0A EP21725401A EP4093902A1 EP 4093902 A1 EP4093902 A1 EP 4093902A1 EP 21725401 A EP21725401 A EP 21725401A EP 4093902 A1 EP4093902 A1 EP 4093902A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- line
- discharge
- electrolysis
- supply line
- supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/23—Carbon monoxide or syngas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/25—Reduction
- C25B3/26—Reduction of carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
- C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
- C25B9/75—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for protecting against corrosion of a CC> 2 electrolysis stack, a method for transporting a CC> 2 electrolysis stack, and a CC ⁇ electrolysis stack.
- electrolysis electricity is used to generate valuable materials.
- an electrolyte is usually required to maintain efficient operation, which can conduct the current through electrolytic cells.
- this electrolyte often includes substances which can be corrosive to the material of electrolysis cells, in particular electrodes, under certain conditions.
- electrolysis stacks comprising several electrolysis cells, different conditions arise in the individual cells when not in operation.
- Manifold generally means distribution structure. Each cell has its own internal distribution structure. For the common supply of the cells of a stack, further cross-cell distribution structures are required. As a result, these two levels (cell level, stack level) can be assigned to the respective manifold.
- an electrolysis stack is loaded with a sufficiently high standby current even when not in operation, so that the oxidation of constituent parts of the stack, in particular of electrodes, e.g. silver oxidation in silver-containing electrodes, can be prevented at all points .
- this is connected with an increased expenditure of energy.
- the inventors have found that a suitable interruption of the current in the electrolyte within the electrolyte distribution or the manifold can be created by simply emptying the electrolyte, and found particularly preferred suitable points for interruption, as well as very simple solutions for corrosion protection in Electrolysis stacks. It has also been found that better protection can be achieved by introducing inert materials. The measures found are suitable for longer downtimes, e.g. when transporting an already operated, e.g. large and / or new stack, especially if no sufficiently powerful power supply is available to maintain a protective current - as explained in detail later.
- the present method and the electrolysis stack can even achieve a standstill without requiring electrical power, which can be considerable, depending on the leakage current and electrolysis current, and which usually has to be maintained for safe shutdown.
- the invention there is an advantage that no operating resources have to be available in the event of a shutdown and no products have to be safely collected, for example in the case of CO 2 as Educt on the cathode side, products such as O2, H2, CO and others. The risk of explosion can thus also be reduced and even excluded. If the system is shut down and not in operation, a heating device to prevent the electrolyte from freezing in very cold locations can be saved.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for corrosion protection of a C0 2 electrolysis stack when not in use, the C0 2 electrolysis stack having at least one first electrolysis cell and a second electrolysis cell, at least one first supply line and at least one first discharge line for the comprises first electrolysis cell and at least one second supply line and at least one second discharge line for the second electrolysis cell, wherein at least the first electrolysis cell and the second electrolysis cell and at least the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line are partially filled with at least one electrolyte comprising: an at least partial emptying of the electrolyte from parts of at least the first electrolysis cell and / or the at least one first supply line and / or the at least one first discharge line and / or an overall supply line which is connected to the at least one first supply line and the at least one n second supply line is connected and is designed to provide a supply for the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line, and / or an overall drainage which is connected to the at
- a method for transporting a CC ⁇ electrolysis stack having at least one first electrolysis cell and a second electrolysis cell, at least one first supply line and at least one first discharge line for the first electrolysis cell and at least least comprises a second feed line and at least one second discharge line for the second electrolysis cell, comprising at least partially filling the CCh electrolysis stack with an inert gas or a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, the inert gas being CO 2 .
- C0 2 electrolysis stack comprising:
- an overall supply line which is connected to the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line and is designed to provide a supply for the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line, and
- an overall discharge which is connected to the at least one first discharge and the at least one second discharge and is designed to provide a discharge for the at least one first discharge and the at least one second discharge
- at least one first side discharge which is connected to the at least one first supply line and is designed in such a way that it can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first supply line
- at least one second side discharge which surface is connected to the at least one first discharge line and is designed such that it can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first discharge line
- at least one third side discharge line which is connected to the at least one second supply line and is designed in such a way is that it can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one second supply line
- / or at least one fourth side discharge which is connected to the at least one second discharge line and is formed in such a way that it consists of the at least one second Ab line can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein
- Figures 1 to 3 show schematically load currents and stray currents in an electrolysis stack during operation and non-operation.
- FIG. 4 shows an equivalent circuit diagram for an electrolysis stack with a manifold.
- FIG. 5 an electrolysis stack with two electrolysis cells and a distribution structure for electrolytes is shown schematically.
- FIGS. 6 to 11 schematically show electrolysis stacks, in particular CCU electrolysis stacks.
- non-operation means a state in which the electrolytic cell does not carry out any electrolytic conversion to produce a product of value in the usual order.
- non-operation includes times when an electrolysis cell is shut down, maintenance times, downtimes when there is insufficient profitability, for example when electricity is too expensive, downtimes when there is insufficient electricity and / or raw materials for electrolysis, transport times
- non-operation can also include longer downtimes, during which an electrolyte is at least partially drained and a further electrolytic current flow, as described below, can be hindered or even prevented, preferably at all points or at least between electrolytic cells .
- Gas diffusion electrodes are electrodes in which liquid, solid and gaseous phases are present, and where in particular a conductive catalyst catalyzes an electrochemical reaction between the liquid and the gaseous phase.
- electrodes for example the cathodes, in particular in the case of CCh electrolysis, can be designed as gas diffusion electrodes. It cannot be ruled out that anodes are designed as gas diffusion electrodes.
- effective corrosion protection is of particular importance and is accordingly also particularly effective in order to protect the electrode structure.
- partial emptying corresponds to emptying of at least 50% by volume, preferably at least 80% by volume, more preferably at least 90% by volume, even more preferably at least 92% by volume of the defined component of the electrolysis stack or of the entire electrolysis stack.
- An essentially completed emptying corresponds to an emptying of at least 95% by volume, even more preferably at least 99% by volume of the defined component of the electrolysis stack or of the entire electrolysis stack.
- Complete emptying corresponds to emptying of 100% by volume, apart from emptying in parts of the component or the electrolysis stack that are inaccessible or cannot be emptied due to other obstacles.
- the emptying or emptying here refers to a removal of the electrolyte, in which case it is initially immaterial what the electrolyte is replaced by, provided that no other electrolyte or another electrically conductive substance is introduced.
- Corrosion of parts of the electrolysis stack can occur, for example, in particular due to load currents and / or stray currents, even when not in operation, which can occur within the electrolysis stack.
- load currents and / or stray currents even when not in operation, which can occur within the electrolysis stack.
- electrolysis stack with two terminal electrolysis cells 1 and 2, i.e. a first electrolysis cell 1 and a second electrolysis cell 2, shown in Figures 1 to 3 in operation and non-operation, usually between the two terminal, exemplary electrolysis cells 1 and 2, further electrolysis cells can be located in the stack and are usually located, as is shown in the present case by the points between the two electrolysis cells 1 and 2 in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- Each of the electrolysis cells for example electrolysis cells 1 and 2 has here an anode A, a cathode K and a membrane M, all of which are not restricted, although others are also used for electrolysis cells in electrolysis stacks in methods according to the invention and electrolysis stacks than the arrangements shown here are possible, possibly also without a membrane, and the explanations shown here regarding the load and stray currents result analogously.
- an anolyte AN is passed through an anode compartment I and a catholyte KA is passed through a cathode compartment II, with oxygen being produced at the anode A, for example, as in water electrolysis.
- the anolyte AN and catholyte KA are not particularly restricted and can, for example, independently of one another be aqueous electrolytes which contain suitable electrolyte salts, but can also be designed differently.
- a gas space G adjacent to the cathode K into which, for example, CO2 is introduced and, as an exemplary product, a mixture of unconverted CO2, CO as the actual product and H2 as a by-product is discharged.
- CO2 is introduced and, as an exemplary product, a mixture of unconverted CO2, CO as the actual product and H2 as a by-product is discharged.
- other products arise, for example depending on a catalyst of the cathode K.
- delimitation components such as here for example bipolar plates P.
- FIG. 1 it becomes clear that the gas flow at the cathode K takes place from top to bottom in flow-by mode, while the electrolyte flow from catholyte KA as well as anolyte AN takes place from bottom to top.
- catholyte KA and anolyte AN are supplied via the stack below from left to right or via a catholyte inlet manifold 3a and an anolyte inlet manifold 4a, and catholyte KA and anolyte AN are discharged via a Catholyte outlet manifold 3b and an anolyte outlet manifold 4b, which continue to the right, but are not shown here in detail for the sake of simplicity.
- the leakage and load currents within the electrolysis stack can be seen in principle. Both the catholyte stray currents 6 and the anolyte stray currents 5 are shown here. Load currents 7 within the electrolysis cells 1 and 2 are also shown. In FIG. 3, a stray current 8 can also be seen in the area bordered by dashed lines, which occurs only in the vicinity of the catholyte connection. There it emerges from the cathode, while the load current enters there - as it does along the entire cell surface. Both currents add up. In the case of low load current densities, the total current density at the positive end of the stack can therefore change sign there, which the cathode cor- can be cleared. At the negative end of the stack, the anode tends to reverse the current density.
- the leakage and load currents can be derived from this.
- the present methods are used, which can be used in particular in the electrolysis stacks according to the invention.
- electrolysis stacks are in particular stacks with an inner manifold, for example plate cells or internal supply cells.
- An inner manifold is present at the stack level. This means that the manifold is integrated in the stack and is also called (stack) internal supply.
- stack the manifold is integrated in the stack and is also called (stack) internal supply.
- stack the design of a plate cell harmonises well with the concept of an internal supply, so that the preferred electrolysis cells are plate cells.
- the present invention relates to a method for protecting a CCU electrolysis stack from corrosion when not in operation, the CCU electrolysis stack having at least one first electrolysis cell and a second electrolysis cell, at least one first supply line and at least one first discharge line for the first Electrolysis cell and at least one second supply line and at least one second discharge line for the second electrolysis cell, wherein at least the first electrolysis cell and the second electrolysis cell and at least the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line are partially filled with at least one electrolyte, including : an at least partial emptying of the electrolyte from parts of at least the first electrolysis cell and / or the at least one first supply line and / or the at least one first drainage line and / or an overall supply line which is connected to the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line is connected and is designed to provide a supply for the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line, and / or an overall drain, which is connected to the at least one
- the method of the first aspect is a method for corrosion protection of a CCh electrolysis stack when not in operation, where corrosion of at least parts of the electrolysis stack when not in operation is reduced or can even be prevented, for example of electrode materials a CCh electrolysis of catalysts in the cathode and / or anode, for example Ag in the case of a reduction of CO 2 to CO, as described fundamentally above.
- CO 2 electrolysis stacks benefit from the measures in the method according to the invention.
- parts of the stack, for example electrode materials are exposed to a risk of corrosion, which can also arise, for example, due to electrolytes specially used for this purpose and / or also by-products of electrolysis.
- the C0 2 electrolysis stack comprises at least a first electrolysis cell and a second electrolysis cell.
- it can also do more be present as two electrolysis cells in the electrolysis stack, preferably at least 3, for example at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 60, at least 70, at least 80, at least 90, or at least 100, or at least any number in between or above.
- the at least one first and second electrolysis cell, the at least one first supply line and at least one first discharge line for the first electrolysis cell for the first electrolysis cell and the at least one second supply line and at least one second derivation for the second electrolytic cell is not particularly restricted, provided that it is at least partially, for example at least 50% by volume, at least 80% by volume, at least 90% by volume or at least 92% by volume and preferably essentially, ie at least 95% by volume % By volume, more preferably at least 99% by volume and in particular completely filled with at least one electrolyte.
- a respective electrolytic cell has more than one electrolyte, for example a catholyte on the cathode side and an anolyte on the anode side, which are separated in the respective electrolytic cell, for example by a suitable separator, e.g. a diaphragm or membrane can.
- a suitable separator e.g. a diaphragm or membrane can.
- the catholyte supply takes place via at least one first and at least one second catholyte supply line and one total catholyte supply line, and catholyte drainage via at least one first and at least one second catholyte drainage and one overall catholyte drainage, as well as the anolyte supply via at least one first and at least one second anolyte supply line and a total anolyte discharge, and an anolyte discharge via at least a first and at least one second anolyte discharge and a total anolyte discharge, which in each case correspond to the corresponding method can be emptied at least partially, preferably essentially completely, or in particular completely.
- the at least one electrolyte or also several electrolytes as well as any separators present as well as other components of the respective electrolysis cells are not particularly restricted.
- the cathodes of the respective electrolysis cells are gas diffusion electrodes and are accordingly suitable, for example, for a CCh reduction.
- the at least partial emptying of the electrolyte from parts of at least the first electrolysis cell and / or the at least one first supply line and / or the at least one first drainage line and / or an overall supply line which is connected to the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line is connected and is designed to provide a supply for the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line, and / or an overall drainage that is connected to the at least one first drainage and the at least one second drainage and is designed to provide a discharge for the at least one first discharge and the at least one second discharge, not be particularly limited and can take place in a suitable manner.
- it is emptied by displacement with an inert gas or a mixture comprising inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, the inert gas being CO 2 .
- an electrolysis cell has more than one supply line and / or one discharge line. If an electrolytic cell has a plurality of feed lines and / or outlets, it is preferred that all feed lines and / or outlets to an electrolysis cell are at least partially emptied. According to certain embodiments, however, each electrolytic cell has a supply line and / or a discharge line for an electrolyte. It is also not ruled out that each electrolysis cell comprises further supply lines which, for example, supply a starting material, for example a starting material gas cathode supply line for e.g.
- a gas comprising CO2 on the cathode side or another starting material with a general cathode supply line, and / or a gas and / or a liquid on the anode side, for example an anode lead, and corresponding cathode product and / or anode product discharge lines.
- at least one educt gas cathode supply line is included per electrolysis cell, which is designed to supply an educt gas comprising CO2.
- a cathode product discharge line is also provided for each electrolysis cell, which is designed to discharge a product of the electrolysis on the cathode side.
- anode educt supply lines and / or anode product discharge lines are also provided for each electrolysis cell, each of which is designed to supply an educt to the anode or lead a product away from the anode.
- the respective educt feed lines and / or product discharge lines are not particularly restricted either.
- An educt can be fed to the educt feed lines for all electrolysis cells via a common total educt feed line, if necessary also separately for educts of the cathodes and anodes in the respective electrolysis cells, and products of the electrolysis cells can be discharged via the respective product discharge lines via a common total product discharge, possibly also separately for products of the cathodes and anodes of the respective electrolysis cells.
- the educt supply lines and / or product discharge lines and / or the respective total educt supply line and / or the respective total product discharge line are at least partially emptied when not in operation, but when not in operation they are preferably essentially completely, i.e. more than 90% by volume, more than 95% by volume or more than 99% by volume emptied, also in order not to waste any starting material and / or product.
- These lines that is to say the educt feed lines and / or product discharge lines and / or the respective total educt feed line, are preferred and / or the respective total product discharge, when not in operation, filled with an inert medium, for example gas.
- the leakage and load currents are mainly due to the electrolytes, so that their partial emptying is of greater importance.
- emptied electrolyte can be stored temporarily in a suitable manner for later reuse, for example in an intermediate store, wherein the intermediate store can also be an electrolyte reservoir for the electrolysis stack.
- a CCU electrolysis stack according to the invention can also include at least one electrolyte reservoir, possibly also at least two electrolyte reservoirs for each catholyte and anolyte.
- At least the entire supply line and / or the entire discharge line is at least partially, preferably at least 50% by volume, at least 80% by volume, at least 90% by volume or at least 92% by volume and more preferably essentially, ie at least 95% by volume, even further preferably at least 99% by volume and in particular completely emptied. In this way, a current flow via these lines can be suppressed, so that the stray and load currents are minimized.
- a connection between the respective supply lines, for example the at least one first and second supply line, and the total supply line, and / or a connection between the respective outlets, i.e. for example the at least one first and second outlet, and the overall outlet is closed in such a way that no electrolyte can flow from the respective inlet and / or outlet into the overall inlet and / or the overall outlet, for example, with a suitable locking device, which is not particularly limited.
- Suitable shut-off devices in the inventive method and devices are, for example, slides, locks, valves, etc., although these are not particularly limited.
- the material of the shut-off device is also not particularly restricted.
- the shut-off device is electrically non-conductive, in particular if electrolyte still remains in the electrolysis stack.
- the entire supply line and the entire discharge line are at least partially and preferably essentially completely or completely emptied. If the entire supply line and / or the entire discharge line are emptied, this has the advantage that the other components of the electrolysis stack do not have to be emptied, so that an intermediate store for emptied electrolytes can be smaller.
- At least the at least one first supply line is partially emptied.
- the first supply line is completely, ie completely emptied.
- the first feed line and the first discharge line and optionally the first electrolysis cell are at least partially and preferably essentially completely or completely emptied.
- a leakage and load current between the first and second electrolytic cell can be reduced or even prevented, since electrical contacting of the first electrolytic cell by the electrolyte is reduced or even prevented. If there are more than two electrolysis cells, it is sufficient to at least partially, essentially completely or completely empty all but one supply and / or discharge lines and optional electrolysis cells, since only these are then electrically contacted.
- At least the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line are at least partially emptied in such a way that there is - in each case - an area in which there is essentially no electrolyte in the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line is. This can result in an electrical interruption on the supply side. If there are several supply lines for several electrolysis cells in an electrolysis stack, in particular all supply lines are at least partially, preferably essentially completely or completely emptied. This is particularly advantageous in the case of electrolysis stacks in which gases can arise in the electrolysis cells during electrolysis and in which gases can then also be correspondingly present in the discharge lines, for example in CCU electrolysis.
- At least the at least one first discharge line and the at least one second discharge line - or, in the case of several electrolysis cells, preferably all the discharge lines - are at least partially emptied in such a way that the at least one first discharge line and the at least one second discharge line - each - there is an area in which essentially no electrolyte is present, in order to also bring about an electrical interruption on the discharge side.
- the amount of emptied electrolyte can be further reduced compared to emptying the entire supply line and preferably also total drainage, since a small area without electrical contact can be sufficient. At least partial emptying of the drains is also particularly important if the electrolysis does not produce any gases that can be discharged through the drains.
- electrolyte does not have to be removed from the electrolytic cells, since only the current flow between electrolytic cells should be reduced or interrupted so that complicated refilling can be avoided if necessary.
- the electrolyte which is removed by the at least partial emptying, is exchanged for an inert gas or a mixture comprising an inert gas and, for example, non-conductive or low-conductive liquid drops, e.g. water droplets, located therein, the inert gas being CO 2 is.
- the electrolyte can simply be displaced during emptying and a current flow can be prevented.
- the entry of oxidizing atmospheric constituents such as oxygen can be reduced or even prevented.
- CO 2 is used as the inert gas, which can be slightly humidified, for example, so that the educt gas of the electrolysis on the cathode side can essentially also be used here, which for example comes from an educt reservoir can be provided.
- An advantage here is that the reactant gas can be used as an inert gas at the same time.
- electrolyte and optionally gas chambers of an electrolysis cell or several or all of the electrolysis cells can be filled with the inert gas or a mixture comprising an inert gas and, for example, non-conductive or slightly electrically conductive drops of liquid, e.g. drops of water, after emptying to achieve additional protection from the surrounding atmosphere and, for example, especially oxygen.
- the inert gas or the mixture comprising the inert gas and the liquid droplets in it are introduced, in particular with a continuous flow, so that it can be ensured that no ambient gas penetrates through diffusion or leakage .
- the inert gas is preferably humidified.
- the electrolyte can also be blown out of hard-to-reach places.
- the entire electrolysis stack is filled with the inert gas or the mixture comprising the inert gas and the liquid droplets contained therein. In this way, penetration of oxidative components such as oxygen can also be prevented in a particularly advantageous manner.
- the CO2 electrolysis stack comprises a plurality of electrolysis cells with a number of three or more, for example four or more, five or more, six or more, seven or more, eight or more or nine or more, preferably ten or more, more preferably 20 or more, especially preferably 50 or more, electrolytic cells - as described above, the electrolyte being at least partially emptied from at least parts of the electrolytic cells and / or the supply lines to the electrolytic cells at the edge of the CCU electrolysis stack .
- the voltage adds up, especially at the ends of the cell stack - from which an increased load current follows, which can lead to a current reversal as in a battery, so that corrosion should preferably be reduced or prevented there.
- the higher the number of electrolysis cells the more a noticeable effect is achieved in terms of reducing corrosion.
- the load and stray currents can lead to an imbalance in the voltages applied to the cells.
- electricity is still applied to an electrolysis stack when it is not in operation, which generally counteracts these stray and load currents and thus protects the electrodes.
- Due to the inequality of the applied voltage it can happen that the applied current is insufficient, especially at the ends of the electrolysis stack, so that corrosion occurs there.
- a special protection is required in particular at the ends of the electrolysis stack, which is achieved in particular by the inventive method in that this is done on electrolysis cells, supply and / or discharge lines at and possibly near the ends of the electrolysis stack (depending on the number of cells in the stack) is used in particular.
- current is still applied to electrodes of the electrolytic cells. As just described, this also serves to protect against corrosion, especially if not all of the electrolyte is emptied.
- Also disclosed in a second aspect is a method for transporting a CC ⁇ electrolysis stack, the CO 2 electrolysis stack having at least one first electrolysis cell and a second electrolysis cell, at least one first supply line and at least one first discharge line for the first electrolysis cell and at least one second supply line and at least one second discharge line for the second electrolysis cell, comprising, at least partially filling the CCh electrolysis stack with an inert gas or a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, the inert gas being CO 2 is.
- the inert gas CO 2 is an electrolysis stack and its constituents
- the inert gas and the mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets contained therein correspond to the constituents mentioned in the method for corrosion protection of an electrolysis stack when the first aspect is not in operation, the inert gas, and the mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, which have already been described above.
- the inert gas or the mixture comprising the inert gas and the liquid droplets contained therein provide protection against corrosion, since both the penetration of oxidizing substances and, for example, excessive moisture and thus possibly occurring load and stray currents are reduced or can be prevented.
- the filling is not particularly limited here. In particular, it takes place completely, preferably with a gas comprising CO 2 and, if necessary, drops of liquid, in particular water, so that the stack is to be used later in a CO 2 electrolysis.
- the CO 2 electrolysis stack can comprise further components, which are mentioned in connection with the method of the first aspect and the CC ⁇ electrolysis stack according to the invention, so that reference is made at this point to the corresponding explanations to which here is also referred to and which can accordingly also be used in the method of the second aspect.
- At least the at least one first supply line, the at least one second supply line, the at least one first drainage and the at least one second drainage line are at least partially filled in such a way that the at least one first supply line, the at least one The second feed line, the at least one first discharge line and the at least one second discharge line each have an area in which essentially the inert gas or the mixture comprising the inert gas and the liquid droplets contained therein is present. This can effectively reduce or prevent penetration of oxidative substances and excessive moisture, etc., even with reduced amounts of inert gas with or without liquid droplets.
- a respective electrolysis cell can have more than one electrolyte in later operation, for example a catholyte on the cathode side and an anolyte on the anode side, which, for example, is in the respective electrolytic cell can be separated.
- the catholyte supply then takes place via at least one first and at least one second catholyte supply line and one overall catholyte supply line, and catholyte discharge via at least one first and one catholyte at least one second catholyte drain and one total catholyte drain, as well as the anolyte supply via at least one first and at least one second anolyte supply and one total anolyte drain, and an anolyte drain via at least one first and at least one second anolyte drain and one total anolyte drain, which respectively correspond to the inert gas or the mixture comprising the inert gas and liquid droplets contained therein can be filled.
- a third method is described for the corrosion protection of an electrolysis stack, in particular a CCh electrolysis stack, when not in operation, the electrolysis stack having at least one first electrolysis cell and one second electrolysis cell, at least one first supply line and at least one first discharge line for the first Electrolysis cell and at least one second supply line and at least one second discharge line for the second electrolysis cell, wherein at least the first electrolysis cell and the second electrolysis cell and at least the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line are partially filled with at least one electrolyte, including : introducing at least one first insulator at least into the at least one first supply line to the first electrolyte cell in such a way that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the at least one first supply line is occupied by the first insulator; and / or introducing at least one second insulator at least into the at least one first discharge line in such a way that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the at least one second supply line is occupied by the second insulator; and
- the components mentioned correspond to those of the method of the first aspect, and the further components and embodiments of the method of the first aspect, as well as the following components and embodiments of the CO 2 electrolysis stack according to the invention, can also be used in this method Find application, so that reference is hereby made to the corresponding statements, refinements and embodiments.
- the interruption of the contact resulting from the remaining electrolyte is achieved by the first, second, third and / or fourth insulator, which is electrically insulating, but is otherwise not further restricted, provided the cross-sectional area of the respective supply line and / or discharge line and / or the entire supply line and / or total discharge thereof is taken.
- the respective insulator ensures that the leakage and load currents are interrupted, so that corrosion can also be reduced and even prevented here.
- the principles of interrupting the leakage and load currents are the same here as in the method of the first aspect, so that reference is made to them.
- the first insulator can be introduced if, in particular, a gas is produced during the electrolysis, in order to achieve an interruption of the leakage and load currents on the part of the electrolyte feed. Accordingly, stray and load currents on the side of the discharge line can be reduced by the second insulator.
- the first and second insulators are introduced so that the first electrolytic cell is insulated as a whole.
- the flow of current between the two electrolysis cells can be prevented on the supply line side by the third insulator, and / or the flow of current between the two electrolysis cells can be prevented on the lead side through the fourth insulator.
- the first and the second or fourth insulator are introduced in order to prevent the flow of current both on the supply line side and on the discharge line side.
- the third and the second or fourth insulator are introduced in order to prevent the flow of current on the side of the supply lines as well as on the side of the discharge lines.
- the current flow should accordingly also preferably be prevented between all electrolysis cells or at least the electrolysis cells at the edge.
- insulators can be installed in all supply lines or in all but one supply line, in all drainage lines or in all but one supply line, in the total supply line in the flow direction of the electrolyte between all supply lines, and / or in the overall drainage line in the flow direction of the electrolyte in each case between all leads, or accordingly only in the leads and / or leads on the stack edge and / or the corresponding points (e.g. between adjacent electrolysis cells on the stack edge) in the overall supply and / or overall drain.
- the third method can further include introducing at least one fifth insulator at least into the at least one second feed line to the second electrolytic cell in such a way that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the at least one second feed line is occupied by the second insulator.
- additional insulation can accordingly be implemented on the supply side, also with regard to the overall supply line.
- the third insulator can be introduced with a sixth insulator in the second discharge line for further insulation on the discharge side.
- the at least one first supply line is arranged below the first electrolytic cell and / or the at least one second supply line, and possibly further supply lines, are arranged below the second electrolytic cell.
- the application of the method according to the invention, or also the third method, is made much easier by adding electrolyte from the underside of the stack.
- a respective electrolytic cell can have more than one electrolyte, for example a catholyte on the cathode side and an anolyte on the anode side, which is for example separated by a suitable separator, e.g. a diaphragm or membrane, in the respective Electrolytic cell can be separated.
- a suitable separator e.g. a diaphragm or membrane
- the catholyte supply takes place via at least a first and at least one second catholyte supply line and a total catholyte supply line
- catholyte discharge via at least one first and at least one second catholyte drainage and a total catholyte drainage
- anolyte supply via at least one first and at least one second anolyte supply line and a total anolyte discharge
- an anolyte discharge via at least a first and at least a second anolyte discharge and a total anolyte discharge, which corresponding to a respective insulator, for example a first catholyte isolator tor, a second catholyte isolator, etc. and / or a first anolyte isolator, a second anolyte isolator, etc., may have.
- CC ⁇ electrolysis stack comprising:
- an overall supply line which is connected to the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line and is designed to provide a supply for the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line, and
- an overall discharge which is connected to the at least one first discharge and the at least one second discharge and is designed to provide a discharge for the at least one first discharge and the at least one second discharge
- at least one first side discharge which is connected to the at least one first supply line and is designed in such a way that it can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first supply line
- at least one second side discharge line which is connected to the at least one first discharge line and such is designed that it can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first discharge line
- at least one third side discharge line which is connected to the at least one second supply line and is designed in such a way that it has one of the at least one second supply line therein v can at least partially empty existing electrolytes
- / or at least one fourth side discharge which is connected to the at least one second discharge and is formed in such a way that it consists of the at least one second discharge line can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein
- An electrolysis stack is described, in particular a CO 2 electrolysis stack, comprising:
- an overall supply line which is connected to the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line and is designed to provide a supply for the at least one first supply line and the at least one second supply line, and
- An overall derivation which is linked to the at least one first derivation and the at least one second derivation is connected and is designed to provide a discharge for the at least one first discharge line and the at least one second discharge line, further comprising: at least one first insulating shut-off device comprising a first insulator in the at least one first supply line, which is designed to contain the at least to close a first feed line in such a way that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the at least one first feed line is occupied by the first insulator; or at least one first shut-off device in the at least one first feed line, which is designed to close the min least one first feed line, and at least one first drainage device, which is designed such that it flows out of the at least one first feed line that connects the first shut-off device comprises, can at least partially drain an electrolyte present therein; and / or at least one first side discharge which is connected to the at least one first supply line and is designed such that it can at least partially drain an electrolyte present there therein
- the first and second supply lines are each designed to supply an electrolyte to the first and second electrolytic cell, and the first and second discharge line are each designed to discharge an electrolyte from the first and second electrolytic cell, it being possible that in the case of the discharge of the electrolyte, it may also include products of electrolysis.
- the overall supply line is designed to supply an electrolyte to all supply lines, for example the first and second supply lines
- the overall drainage line is designed to supply the electrolyte and possibly products of the After passing through the electrolysis cell, electrolysis must be discharged from all discharge lines, for example the first and second discharge lines.
- each electrolysis cell in a CO 2 electrolysis stack or the electrolysis stack described according to the invention can comprise further feed lines which, for example, carry an educt, for example an educt gas cathode feed line for, for example, a gas comprising CO 2 on the cathode side, or another Educt with a general cathode lead, and / or a gas and / or a liquid on the anode side, for example an anode lead, as well as corresponding cathode product and / or anode product leads.
- at least one educt gas cathode supply line is included per electrolysis cell, which is designed to supply an educt gas comprising CO 2.
- a cathode product discharge line is also provided for each electrolysis cell, which is designed to discharge a product of the electrolysis on the cathode side.
- anode educt supply lines and / or anode product discharge lines are also provided for each electrolysis cell, each of which is designed to supply an educt to the anode or lead a product away from the anode.
- the respective educt feed lines and / or product discharge lines are not particularly restricted either.
- An educt can be fed to the educt feed lines for all electrolysis cells via a common total educt feed line, possibly also separately for educts of the cathodes and anodes in the respective electrolysis cells, and products of the electrolysis cells after being discharged via the respective product discharges, they are discharged via a common overall product discharge, possibly also separately for products of the cathodes and anodes of the respective electrolysis cells.
- a respective electrolysis cell in the CC ⁇ electrolysis stack or described electrolysis stack has more than one space for an electrolyte, for example a catholyte space on the cathode side and an anolyte space on the anode side, which, for example, by a suitable separator , for example a diaphragm or a membrane, can be separated in the respective electrolytic cell.
- the electrolyte chambers and any separators that may be present, as well as other components of the respective electrolysis cells, are not particularly restricted.
- the cathodes of the respective electrolysis cells are gas diffusion electrodes, and accordingly suitable for example for a CCh reduction.
- the CCh electrolysis stack or the described electrolysis stack comprises a plurality of electrolysis cells with a number of three or more, for example four or more, five or more, six or more, seven or more, eight or more or nine or more, preferably ten or more, more preferably 20 or more, particularly preferably 50 or more, electrolysis cells.
- Each electrolysis cell then has at least one supply line and at least one discharge line for an electrolyte, as set out above, but can also have several supply and discharge lines, for example also for separate catholytes and anolytes, and each electrolysis cell can also have a cathode compartment, have an anode compartment and a separator or just an electrolyte compartment, as well as corresponding educt feed lines and product discharges, as described above.
- the at least one first insulating shut-off device is not particularly limited, and comprises at least one first th insulator, as it has already been described above in connection with the third method, and which can be designed accordingly as in the third method.
- the first shut-off device can include further components, such as a first automatic closing device which is designed to introduce the first insulator into the first feed line in such a way that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the at least one first feed line is occupied by the first insulator.
- the first automatic closing device can also bring the first insulator out of the first feed line when it is restarted in such a way that electrolyte can again be fed through the first feed line.
- a second insulating shut-off device comprising a second insulator in the at least one first outlet, which is designed to close the at least one first outlet in such a way that at least the entire cross-sectional area, can also be used in the electrolysis cell the at least one first outlet is occupied by the second insulator, a third insulating shut-off device comprising a third insulator in the overall supply line, which is designed to close the overall supply line in such a way that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the overall supply line in the direction of flow between the at least one first Supply line and the at least one second supply line is occupied by the third insulator, a fourth insulating shut-off device comprising a fourth insulator in the overall drainage line, which is designed to close the overall drainage line in such a way that at least st the entire cross-sectional area of the total discharge in the flow direction between the at least one first discharge and the at least one second discharge is occupied by
- the second, third, fourth, fifth, and / or sixth isolating shut-off device can also comprise further components, such as a second, third, fourth, fifth and / or sixth automatic closing device, which is designed for the second, third , introduce fourth, fifth and / or sixth insulator into the first line, total line, total line, second line and / or second line that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the at least one first line is occupied by the first insulator.
- a second, third, fourth, fifth and / or sixth automatic closing device which is designed for the second, third , introduce fourth, fifth and / or sixth insulator into the first line, total line, total line, second line and / or second line that at least the entire cross-sectional area of the at least one first line is occupied by the first insulator.
- the second, third, fourth, fifth and / or sixth automatic locking device can also remove the second, third, fourth, fifth and / or sixth isolator from the first line, total line, total line, second line and / or when restarting Bring out the second discharge line in such a way that a conduction of electrolyte through the first discharge line, total feed line, total discharge line, second feed line and / or second discharge line is made possible.
- the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and / or sixth insulator can be the same or different and can be designed as described above in connection with the method of the third aspect.
- the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and / or sixth automatic locking devices are not particularly limited and can be controlled, for example, via one or more control devices.
- the electrolysis stack comprises several electrolysis cells, further isolating shut-off devices comprising corresponding insulators and, if necessary, further automatic closing devices, which are controlled by one or more control devices, can also be provided. as also at least partially described in connection with the third method.
- the at least one first shut-off device in the at least one first supply line, which is designed to close the at least one first supply line, and at least one first drainage device, which is designed such that it flows out of the at least one first supply line, the first Comprises shut-off device, an electrolyte present therein at least partially, preferably substantially completely and in particular completely, can empty, are not particularly limited.
- the first shut-off device can, for example, also not be electrically insulating, but can also be electrically insulating. With the embodiment mentioned, the method of the first aspect, to which reference is made here, can in particular be carried out.
- a second shut-off device in the at least one first discharge line which is designed to close the at least one first discharge line, and at least one first Ablassvor direction, which is designed such that it from the min least a first discharge, which comprises the second shut-off device, an electrolyte present therein at least partially, preferably essentially completely and in particular completely, can empty
- a third shut-off device in the overall supply which is designed to close the entire supply
- at least a third drainage device which is designed such that it can at least partially, preferably substantially completely and in particular completely, drain an electrolyte present in the entire supply line, which comprises the third shut-off device
- a fourth shut-off device in the overall drainage which in addition forms is to close the total discharge
- at least one fourth drainage device which is designed such that it at least partially from the total discharge, which includes the fourth shut-off device, an electrolyte present therein wise, preferably substantially completely and in particular completely, a fifth shut-off device in the at least one second supply line, which
- the second, third, fourth, fifth and / or sixth shut-off device can, for example, also not be electrically insulating, but can also be electrically insulating.
- the first to sixth shut-off devices can also be controlled via one or more control devices and, for example, can also be opened again when the device is started up, in accordance with the isolating shut-off devices. They are not particularly restricted and can be designed as slides, sluices, valves, etc., for example.
- the second to sixth discharge devices are not particularly limited either.
- shut-off devices which are controlled with one or more control devices, can also be provided, as well as corresponding further discharge devices.
- the at least one first total side discharge which is connected to the total supply line and is designed in such a way that it contains one of the total supply lines existing electrolytes can at least partially, preferably substantially completely and in particular completely empty ren, not particularly limited.
- the overall supply line preferably comprises a first overall shut-off device, which is arranged between the first overall side drainage and the overall supply line and is closed during operation to prevent the electrolyte from being emptied, but can be opened when not in operation to at least partially remove the entire supply line to drain.
- a second overall discharge line can be provided, which is connected to the total discharge and is designed such that it can at least partially, preferably substantially completely and in particular completely empty an electrolyte from the total discharge, and this is also not particularly limited.
- the overall drainage preferably comprises a second overall shut-off device, which is arranged between the second overall side drainage and the overall drainage and is closed during operation to prevent the electrolyte from being emptied, but can be opened when not in use to remove the overall drainage at least partially emptied.
- the first total shut-off device and / or the second total shut-off device can be controlled via one or more control devices and are not particularly restricted, and can be configured as a slide, sluice, valve, etc., for example.
- the at least one first side discharge which is connected to the at least one first supply line and is designed such that it can at least partially, preferably substantially completely or preferably completely, drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first supply line not particularly limited.
- at least one second side discharge which is connected to the at least one first discharge and is designed such that it can at least partially, preferably substantially completely or preferably completely, drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first discharge
- At least one third side discharge which is connected to the at least one second feed line and is designed such that it can at least partially, preferably essentially completely or preferably completely, drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one second feed line
- fourth side discharge which is connected to the at least one second discharge and is designed in such a way that it at least partially, preferably completely or preferably completely, an electrolyte present therein from the at least one second discharge can be provided, which are not particularly limited.
- shut-off devices can also be provided in the respective inlet and / or outlet lines, for example more than one, for example two.
- appropriate shut-off devices can also be provided in the respective inlet and / or outlet lines, for example more than one, for example two.
- Corresponding configurations are also mentioned in connection with the method of the first aspect, to which reference is also made here with regard to further configurations.
- the electrolysis stack according to the invention comprises at least one first side discharge, which is connected to the at least one first supply line and is designed in such a way that it at least partially, preferably essentially completely, and in particular, an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first supply line completely, can empty, and further comprises a first side supply line which is connected to the at least one first supply line and is designed in such a way that an inert gas, a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, is fed into the at least one first supply line, or an electrically non-conductive liquid that cannot be mixed with the electrolyte can feed.
- the first side lead is not particularly limited either.
- the electrolysis stack according to the invention comprises at least one second side discharge, which is connected to the at least one first discharge and is designed in such a way that it at least partially, preferably essentially completely and in particular completely, an electrolyte present therein from the at least one first discharge , can empty, and further comprises a second side supply line which is connected to the at least one first discharge line and is designed such that an inert gas, a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, or a can supply non-miscible, electrically non-conductive liquid with the electrolyte.
- the second side lead is not particularly limited either.
- the electrolysis stack according to the invention comprises at least one third side discharge, which is connected to the at least one second feed line and is designed such that it at least partially, preferably substantially completely and in particular completely, an electrolyte present therein from the at least one second feed line , can empty, and further comprises a third side supply line, which is connected to the at least one second supply line and is designed such that an inert gas, a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, or a can supply non-miscible, electrically non-conductive liquid with the electrolyte.
- the third side lead is not particularly limited either.
- the electrolysis stack according to the invention comprises at least one fourth side discharge, which is connected to the at least one second discharge and is designed in such a way that it can at least partially, preferably substantially completely and in particular completely, drain an electrolyte present therein from the at least one second discharge line, and further comprises a fourth side supply line which is connected to the at least one second discharge line and such is designed so that it can feed an inert gas, a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, or an electrically non-conductive liquid that is immiscible with the electrolyte into the at least one second discharge line.
- the fourth side lead is not particularly limited either.
- further side drains can accordingly also be provided, which are connected to further supply lines and / or drainage lines and are designed in such a way that, from the further supply lines and / or drainage lines, an electrolyte present therein is at least partially, preferably essentially completely and in particular completely, and preferably further side feed lines which are connected to the further feed lines and / or discharge lines and are designed in such a way that they feed an inert gas, a mixture, into the further feed lines and / or discharge lines to be able to add an inert gas and liquid contained therein, or an electrically non-conductive liquid that is immiscible with the electrolyte.
- side outlets and feed lines are preferably opposite one another at the respective feed and / or discharge lines.
- the electrolysis stack can comprise one or more pumps, which are designed to at least partially in an inert gas, a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, or an electrically non-conductive liquid immiscible with the electrolyte the first lead, first lead, two- te supply line, second discharge line, total supply line, total discharge line and / or further supply and / or discharge lines and / or to pump the electrolytic cells, as well as a storage reservoir or several storage reservoirs which contain an inert gas, a mixture comprising an inert gas and the Liquid drops, or an electrically non-conductive liquid which cannot be mixed with the electrolyte and from which the gas can be pumped into the corresponding feed and / or discharge lines and possibly also the electrolytic cells.
- pumps which are designed to at least partially in an inert gas, a mixture comprising an inert gas and liquid droplets located therein, or an electrically non-conductive liquid immiscible with the electrolyte the first lead, first lead
- the inert gas possibly humidified, comprising CO 2 or consisting of CO 2 can also be used, so that extra reservoirs can be dispensed with and the inert gas can be provided from the educt feed of the cathodes, which is also the case accordingly a connecting line between, for example, a feed gas cathode feed line, for example also a feed gas cathode total feed line, which can provide the feed gas for all feed gas cathode feed lines, and, for example, the total feed line, although this is interrupted by a feed gas shut-off device in the connection line , whereby the educt gas shut-off device can then be opened when not in operation.
- a feed gas cathode feed line for example also a feed gas cathode total feed line
- electrolysis cells in the electrolysis stack have more than one electrolyte compartment, for example a catholyte compartment on the cathode side and an anolyte compartment on the anode side, there are corresponding supply lines, drains, total supply and overall drainage, isolating shut-off devices with corresponding insulators, shut-off devices for each electrolyte compartment , Side drains, side supply lines, total side drainage, overall shut-off devices, etc., for example a first and second catholyte feed line, a first and second anolyte feed line, a total catholyte feed line, a total anolyte feed line, first to sixth insulating catholyte shut-off devices with first to sixth isolating catholyte insulators Anolyte shut-off devices with first to sixth anolyte isolators, first to sixth catholyte shut-off devices, first to sixth anolyte shut-off devices, first to fourth catholyte
- shut-off devices are provided only for the catholyte or anolyte, for example only the catholyte, for example if corrosion is more likely on the catholyte side or anolyte side, for example for gas diffusion electrodes, e.g. on the catholyte side with a CC ⁇ -Electrolys e.
- such embodiments can also be applied to the method according to the invention, where such measures are only taken on the catholyte or anolyte side.
- side inlets and outlets can also have shut-off devices therein, which can then be closed for operation so that no electrolyte over the Page leads and leads is lost.
- the electrolysis stack has a first electrolysis cell 10 and a second electrolysis cell 20, each of which has an anode A, an anolyte space I for anolyte, a membrane M, a catholyte space II for catholyte, a cathode K and a gas space G on the cathode side have, wherein between the two electrolytic cells 10 and 20, a bipolar plate P is arranged, as well as at the other ends. End plates E are arranged on the outside.
- Humidified CO2 for example, is used as the educt gas for the cathode, which is fed to the respective gas space G via the educt gas cathode supply lines 27 and 28.
- the product gas of the electrolysis is discharged via the product gas cathode discharge lines 17 and 18.
- the supply of anolyte to both electrolysis cells 10 and 20 takes place during operation via the total anolyte supply line 11 and the first anolyte supply line 12 and the second anolyte supply line 13, and the discharge via the first anolyte drainage line 22, the second anolyte drainage line 23 and the total anolyte drainage line 21.
- the supply of catholyte to both electrolysis cells 10 and 20 takes place during operation via the total catholyte supply line 14 and the first catholyte supply line 15 and the second catholyte supply line 16, and the discharge via the first catholyte drainage line 25, the second catholyte drainage line 26 and the total catholyte drainage line 24.
- the total anolyte feed line 11, the first anolyte feed line 12, the second anolyte feed line 13, the two anolyte chambers I, the first anolyte feed line 22, the second anolyte feed line 23, the total anolyte feed line 21, the total catholyte feed line 14, the first catholyte feed line 15, are switched off , the two catholyte chambers II, the first catholyte drain 25, the second catholyte drain 26 and the total catholyte discharge line 24 are essentially and preferably completely filled with an inert gas, for example CO2, which can be humidified and the educt gas of the cathode can correspond, and the anolyte and catholyte are essentially and preferably completely emptied.
- an inert gas for example CO2
- the electrolysis stack in FIG. 6 is used in Example 1 instead of the electrolysis stack of FIG.
- the structure of the electrolysis stack corresponds to that in FIG. 5, but a first catholyte insulator 19 is provided in the first catholyte feed line 15, which is introduced into the first catholyte feed line when not in operation, as shown in FIG. This prevents leakage and load currents on the cathode side on the supply side, so that corrosion on the cathode can be reduced.
- the electrolysis stack in FIG. 7 is used instead of the electrolysis stack of FIG. 6 in Example 2.
- the structure of the electrolysis stack corresponds to that in FIG. 6, with a further (according to the above description, third) catholyte insulator 29 additionally being provided in the second catholyte supply line 16, which additionally reduces stray and load currents via, for example, a catholyte circuit.
- the electrolysis stack in FIG. 8 is used in Example 1 instead of the electrolysis stack of FIG.
- a first catholyte shut-off device 19 ' is provided in the first catholyte feed line 15 and a further (third according to the description above) catholyte shut-off device 29' is provided in the second cathode feed line 16, as well as in the first cathode method supply line 15 a first catholyte side discharge line 15 '.
- first catholyte side discharge line 15 ′ there is also a first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19 ′′, which, however, ideally lies directly on the first catholyte feed line 15.
- the first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19 ′′ is closed and catholyte is not lost via the first catholyte side discharge 15 ′, the first catholyte shut-off device 19 'and the further catholyte shut-off device 29' are open.
- the first catholyte shut-off device 19 'and the further catholyte shut-off device 29' are closed and the first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19 '' is opened.
- catholyte is emptied at least partially, preferably essentially completely and in particular completely, from the total catholyte feed line 14, parts of the first catholyte feed line 15 and possibly parts of the second catholyte feed line 16 (as shown here schematically in FIG. 8).
- the catholyte can be replaced by moistened CO2, for example.
- the electrolysis stack in FIG. 9 is used instead of the electrolysis stack of FIG. 5 in Example 1.
- a first catholyte shut-off device 19 ' is provided in the first catholyte feed line 15, as well as a first catholyte side discharge line 15' with a first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19 "and a first catholyte side feed line 15" with a first catholyte side feed line shut-off device 19 ''' .
- the first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19 "and the first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19"' are located directly on the first catholyte feed line 15.
- the first catholyte shut-off device 19' is open, and the first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19 '' and the first Katholytsei- tenzu effetsabsperrvortechnisch 19 ''are closed.
- the first catholyte shut-off device 19 ' When not in operation, the first catholyte shut-off device 19 'is closed, and the first catholyte side discharge shut-off device 19''and the first catholyte side feed pipe shut-off device Device 19 ′′ ′′ are opened and humidified CO2 is flowed through the first catholyte side feed line 15 ′′ and the first catholyte side discharge line 15 ′, which are opposite one another at the first catholyte feed line 15, in order to circulate the electrolyte in part of the first catholyte feed line 15 to interrupt. If necessary, the first catholyte shut-off device 19 'can then also be opened here. The interruption of the catholyte on the supply side in the first catholyte supply line 15 in turn reduces load and stray currents.
- the electrolysis stack in FIG. 10 is used in Example 1 instead of the electrolysis stack of FIG.
- a total catholyte feed line 14 ' is provided with a total catholyte side discharge line 14' which is separated from the total catholyte feed line 14 by a closed first total catholyte shut-off device 30 'during operation, thereby preventing a flow of catholyte into the total catholyte side discharge line 14'.
- the catholyte When not in operation, the catholyte is at least partially, preferably substantially completely or preferably completely emptied at least in the total catholyte supply line 14 after opening the first catholyte total shut-off device 30 'via the total catholyte side discharge 14', whereby it can be replaced, for example, by moistened CO2 or an inert liquid in order to suppress a return of catholyte from the first catholyte feed line 15 and the second catholyte feed line 16.
- the electrolysis stack in FIG. 11 is used in Example 6 instead of the electrolysis stack of FIG. 10.
- the first catholyte supply line 15 and the second catholyte supply line 16 contain the first catholyte shut-off device 19 'and the other (according to the description above third) catholyte shut-off device 29 'made of game 4 provided, which are open during operation and closed when not in use.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020206341.9A DE102020206341A1 (de) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Korrosionsschutz in einem CO2-Elektrolyse-Stack |
| PCT/EP2021/060690 WO2021233643A1 (de) | 2020-05-20 | 2021-04-23 | Korrosionsschutz in einem co2-elektrolyse-stack |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4093902A1 true EP4093902A1 (de) | 2022-11-30 |
Family
ID=75914479
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21725401.0A Pending EP4093902A1 (de) | 2020-05-20 | 2021-04-23 | <sup2/>? <sub2/>?2?korrosionsschutz in einem co-elektrolyse-stack |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230193492A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4093902A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN115698385A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020206341A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021233643A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022207495A1 (de) | 2022-07-21 | 2024-02-01 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Elektrolysesystem |
| JP2024135198A (ja) * | 2023-03-22 | 2024-10-04 | 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 | 電気分解システム |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4364806A (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1982-12-21 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Gas electrode shutdown procedure |
| DE19905565A1 (de) | 1999-02-11 | 2000-08-17 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Elektrolyseur mit Teilentleerung des Elektrolyten |
| US8864962B2 (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2014-10-21 | Next Hydrogen Corporation | Electrolyser module |
| DE102012204042A1 (de) | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-19 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Elektrolyse von Alkalichloriden mit Sauerstoffverzehrelektroden in Micro-Gap Anordnung |
| JP6672211B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-21 | 2020-03-25 | 株式会社東芝 | 二酸化炭素電解装置および二酸化炭素電解方法 |
| JP6783814B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-11-11 | 株式会社東芝 | 二酸化炭素電解装置および二酸化炭素電解方法 |
| JP6818711B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2021-01-20 | 株式会社東芝 | 二酸化炭素電解装置および二酸化炭素電解方法 |
| DE102018206396A1 (de) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrolysesystem für die CO2-Elektrolyse |
| DE102018208624A1 (de) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | Thyssenkrupp Uhde Chlorine Engineers Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bereitstellen von wenigstens einem Produktstrom durch Elektrolyse sowie Verwendung |
| JP6951309B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-10-20 | 株式会社東芝 | 二酸化炭素電解装置および二酸化炭素電解方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-05-20 DE DE102020206341.9A patent/DE102020206341A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-04-23 EP EP21725401.0A patent/EP4093902A1/de active Pending
- 2021-04-23 CN CN202180036878.9A patent/CN115698385A/zh active Pending
- 2021-04-23 WO PCT/EP2021/060690 patent/WO2021233643A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-04-23 US US17/919,256 patent/US20230193492A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA3184012A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
| WO2021233643A1 (de) | 2021-11-25 |
| CN115698385A (zh) | 2023-02-03 |
| US20230193492A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 |
| DE102020206341A1 (de) | 2021-11-25 |
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