EP4097420A1 - Procede et systeme de navigation - Google Patents
Procede et systeme de navigationInfo
- Publication number
- EP4097420A1 EP4097420A1 EP21701532.0A EP21701532A EP4097420A1 EP 4097420 A1 EP4097420 A1 EP 4097420A1 EP 21701532 A EP21701532 A EP 21701532A EP 4097420 A1 EP4097420 A1 EP 4097420A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gnss
- mode
- navigation system
- satellite
- base stations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/165—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation combined with non-inertial navigation instruments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
- G01S19/45—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement
- G01S19/46—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement the supplementary measurement being of a radio-wave signal type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
- G01S19/48—Determining position by combining or switching between position solutions derived from the satellite radio beacon positioning system and position solutions derived from a further system
- G01S19/49—Determining position by combining or switching between position solutions derived from the satellite radio beacon positioning system and position solutions derived from a further system whereby the further system is an inertial position system, e.g. loosely-coupled
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0257—Hybrid positioning
- G01S5/0263—Hybrid positioning by combining or switching between positions derived from two or more separate positioning systems
- G01S5/0264—Hybrid positioning by combining or switching between positions derived from two or more separate positioning systems at least one of the systems being a non-radio wave positioning system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
- G01S19/45—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
- G01S19/48—Determining position by combining or switching between position solutions derived from the satellite radio beacon positioning system and position solutions derived from a further system
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a navigation system.
- INS Inertial Navigation System
- sensors such as accelerometers or gyrometers. These sensors provide measurements (measurements of rotation, acceleration, etc.), an integration of which makes it possible to determine the attitude, speed and position of a vehicle in motion.
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- GPS Global Positioning System
- GLONASS Russian satellite navigation system
- Galileo Galile European satellite navigation system
- Beidou Beidou Chinese satellite navigation system
- the information provided by the GNSS system is generally used to reset the INS system.
- this registration is carried out by means of a Kalman filter which optimizes the navigation performance by estimating the respective errors of the GNSS system and of the INS system.
- loose coupling in English terminology
- tight coupling in English terminology
- loose coupling in addition to receiving navigation solutions (positions, speeds) from the INS system, the Kalman filter receives as input navigation solutions (positions, speeds) supplied by the GNSS system.
- the GNSS system supplies raw data such as pseudo-distances or pseudo-speeds as input to the Kalman filter instead of the navigation solutions.
- a GNSS system must receive signals from at least a predetermined number of satellites, known as GNSS satellites, generally equal to four. In some environments, such as urban settings, the reception of satellite signals is disrupted, which can prevent, at least temporarily, the GNSS system from receiving the predetermined number of GNSS satellites needed to determine a navigation solution. These disturbances are linked in particular to masking of GNSS satellites, multipaths and interference. When encountering such disturbances, a GNSS system may be unable to provide a Kalman filter input navigation solution. Without the help of the GNSS system, a hybrid GNSS / INS system then becomes a simple INS system.
- An advantage of a tightly coupled GNSS / INS hybrid system is that even if the number of GNSS satellites accessible by the GNSS system is less than the predetermined number of GNSS satellites, the GNSS / INS hybrid system can benefit from the contribution of the GNSS / INS system.
- raw data provided by the GNSS system to determine an improved navigation solution compared to an INS alone.
- the management of raw GNSS data e. g. the correction calculation of GNSS satellite clocks, positions and speeds from ephemeris data, makes tightly coupled hybrid GNSS / INS systems significantly more complex than loosely coupled hybrid GNSS / INS systems.
- the present invention relates to a navigation device comprising an inertial navigation system coupled with a satellite navigation system, the information provided by the satellite positioning system being used to reset the inertial navigation system, characterized by that the device further comprises means for measuring signals originating from base stations of a wireless cellular network, the satellite navigation system and the measuring means signals from base stations of the wireless cellular network are coupled together by a tight coupling to form a satellite and / or base station navigator implementing an estimator with simultaneous mapping and location and in that the navigation system by satellites and the means for measuring signals originating from base stations of the wireless cellular network are coupled to the inertial navigation system by a loose coupling to reset the inertial navigation system.
- the invention also relates to a navigation method comprising an inertial navigation system coupled with a satellite navigation system, the information supplied by the satellite positioning system being used to reset the inertial navigation system, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
- the present invention makes it possible to have potentially the greatest amount of information available (GNSS and / or 5G) within a hybridization architecture based on a loose coupling of the pseudo-distance information that resets the inertial navigation and in based on a tight GNSS / 5G coupling structure that maximizes the fusion of raw information from the two satellite sources via GNSS and 5G receivers.
- the satellite and / or base station navigator operates in three operating modes, the first mode, called mapping mode, being a mode in which pseudo-distances, pseudo-speeds and ratios carrier-to-noise signals from base stations in the cellular wireless network and satellite signals are available, the second mode, called 5G mode, being a mode in which pseudo-distances, pseudo-speeds and carrier-to-noise ratios of signals from only base stations of the cellular wireless network are available and the third, so-called standard, mode is a mode in which pseudo distances, pseudo-speeds and carrier-to-noise ratios of signals from only satellite signals are available.
- mapping mode being a mode in which pseudo-distances, pseudo-speeds and ratios carrier-to-noise signals from base stations in the cellular wireless network and satellite signals are available
- 5G mode being a mode in which pseudo-distances, pseudo-speeds and carrier-to-noise ratios of signals from only base stations of the cellular wireless network are available
- the device further comprises a matrix generation module which forms a plurality of matrices comprising a transition matrix, a Jacobian matrix, a measurement noise covariance matrix and a measurement noise covariance matrix. process noises.
- the matrix generation module forms a transition matrix, a Jacobian matrix, a measurement noise covariance matrix and a process noise covariance matrix which are different from the matrices formed for the other modes.
- the navigation device comprises a Kalman filter.
- the method comprises the step of determining an operating mode of the satellite navigator and / or by base stations from among three operating modes and the first mode is a mode in which pseudo distances, pseudo-speeds and carrier-to-noise ratios of signals from base stations of the cellular wireless network and signals from satellites are available, the second mode is a mode in which pseudo-distances, pseudo-speeds and carrier-to-noise ratios are available. noise signals from base stations of the cellular wireless network are available and the third mode is a mode in which pseudo-distances, pseudo-speeds and carrier-to-noise ratios of signals from satellite signals are available.
- the method further comprises a step of generating matrices which forms a plurality of matrices comprising a transition matrix, a Jacobian matrix, a measurement noise covariance matrix and a measurement noise covariance matrix. process noises.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a context in which the invention is implemented
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a loosely coupled hybrid navigation system between an INS system and a tightly coupled GNSS / 5G system according to the invention
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a tightly coupled GNSS / 5G system
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a GNSS system
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a 5G system
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a GNSS / 5G detector
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a GNSS / 5G browser
- FIG. 8 schematically illustrates an INS navigation system
- FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a loosely coupled system
- FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a loosely coupled system between an INS system and a tightly coupled GNSS / 5G system
- FIG. 11 schematically illustrates an example of a hardware architecture of a processing module
- FIG. 12 schematically illustrates a process executed by the processing module to select the operating mode of a browser
- FIG. 13 schematically illustrates a method performed by a loosely coupled system browser between an INS system and a GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system.
- Fig 1 illustrates a context in which the invention is implemented.
- a ship 1 operates in an environment comprising satellites (here three satellites 3A, 3B and 3C are represented) of a constellation of GNSS satellites and base stations of a fifth generation cellular wireless communication system, called 5G base stations (here two 5G base stations are shown).
- the vessel 1 comprises a loosely coupled hybrid navigation system 10 between an INS system and a tightly coupled GNSS / 5G hybrid system, referred to hereinafter simply as the GNSS / 5G + INS hybrid navigation system.
- the base stations could just as easily be base stations of a fourth generation telephony system, called 4G base stations, or a set made up of 5G base stations and 4G base stations. .
- Fig. 2 schematically illustrates the hybrid GNSS / 5G + INS navigation system 10.
- the hybrid GNSS / 5G + INS navigation system 10 of FIG. 2 consists of a GNSS / 5G 100 tightly coupled system, 101 INS system, and 102 loosely coupled system.
- the loosely coupled system 102 receives corrected measurements from the INS 101 system and navigation solutions from the tightly coupled GNSS / 5G system 100.
- the loosely coupled system 102 receives measurements from the INS 101 system and the navigation solutions from the closely coupled GNSS / 5G system 100 and generates residual errors from this information which it takes as a measurement. entry.
- Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the closely coupled GNSS / 5G 100 system.
- the GNSS / 5G 100 tightly coupled system consists of a GNSS 1000 sensor, a 5G 1001 sensor, a GNSS / 5G 1002 detector and a GNSS / 5G 1003 navigator.
- the GNSS / 5G 1002 detector defines, based on the output data it receives, whether the GNSS / 5G 100 tightly coupled system can use only GNSS data, only 5G data or 5G data and GNSS data.
- the GNSS / 5G 1002 detector thus defines the mapping or 5G or standard operating mode.
- the GNSS / 5G 1003 browser is based on a Kalman SLAM filter which, depending on the operating mode, configures the Kalman SLAM filter.
- the GNSS / 5G browser 1003 defines for each of the modes, the state and observation vectors, the Kalman filter matrices and more particularly their dimension.
- a major advantage of the GNSS / 5G 100 tight coupling system is that it uses a tight coupling between the GNSS 1000 sensor and the 5G 1001 sensor, thus allowing deployment in a browser (ie the GNSS / 5G 1003 browser) common to the sensor.
- GNSS 1000 and to the 5G 1001 sensor of a SLAM estimator Simultaneous mapping and localization
- the SLAM estimator is capable of simultaneously estimating states (ie positions, clock states) of 5G base stations, and navigation solutions (ie positions, speeds and clock status) of the GNSS tightly coupled system / 5G 100.
- states ie positions, clock states
- navigation solutions ie positions, speeds and clock status
- N sat 4
- the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 therefore does not require additional external means to determine the clock positions and states of the 5G base stations.
- the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 is able to provide a navigation solution in compensating for the absence of GNSS signals with measurements from the 5G 1001 sensor.
- the navigation solutions determined by the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 are then combined with measurements from the INS 101 system in the loosely coupled system 102 to produce improved navigation solution and correct INS 101 system errors.
- Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the GNSS sensor 1000.
- the GNSS sensor 1000 receives radio frequency (RF) signals 1000A from GNSS satellites. For each RF signal received from a GNSS satellite with sufficient quality, the GNSS 1000 sensor generates 1000B output data, called GNSS output data, comprising pseudo-distances and pseudo-speeds, called pseudo-distances and pseudo- GNSS speeds, and a carrier-to-noise ratio C / N 0 , called the C / N 0 GNSS ratio, corresponding to said RF signal and estimates 1000C of the position of said GNSS satellite.
- Fig. 5 schematically illustrates the 5G sensor 1001.
- the 5G sensor 1001 receives RF signals, called 5G signals, 1001 A from 5G base stations. For each RF signal received from a 5G base station with sufficient quality, the 5G sensor 1001 generates output data, called 5G output data, comprising estimates 1001 B of pseudo-distances and pseudo-speeds, called pseudo-distances and pseudo-speeds 5G, and a carrier to noise ratio C / N 0 , called C / N ratio 0 5G, corresponding to said RF signal.
- 5G output data comprising estimates 1001 B of pseudo-distances and pseudo-speeds, called pseudo-distances and pseudo-speeds 5G, and a carrier to noise ratio C / N 0 , called C / N ratio 0 5G, corresponding to said RF signal.
- Fig. 6 schematically illustrates the GNSS / 5G 1002 detector.
- the GNSS / 5G 1002 detector receives GNSS and 5G output data including:
- the GNSS / 5G detector 1002 then plays two roles. Its primary role is to synchronize the GNSS output data with the 5G output data when both types of data are available. For example, if multiple 5G output data is collected between two GNSS output data collections, the 5G output data is averaged to reflect average 5G output data over a time interval corresponding to the two GNSS output data collections.
- the second role of the GNSS / 5G 1002 detector is to define, based on the output data it receives, whether the GNSS / 5G 100 tightly coupled system can use only GNSS data, only 5G data, or 5G data. and GNSS data.
- the type of data used makes it possible to define an operating mode of the hybrid GNSS / 5G + INS system 10 from among a plurality of possible operating modes.
- the plurality of operating modes comprises a so-called mapping mode (“mapping” in English terminology), a so-called 5G mode and a so-called standard mode (GNSS).
- mapping mode In mapping mode, a sufficient number of pseudo-distances, pseudo-speeds and C / N 0 GNSS and 5G ratios are available.
- the GNSS / 5G detector 1002 then supplies as output 1002A measurements of GNSS pseudospeed and pseudo-distances of the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100, 1002B estimates of the corresponding GNSS and / or 5G C / N 0 ratios. for measurements 1002A, positions of the GNSS satellites 1002C corresponding to measurements 1002A and a identifier 1002D indicating the data to be used by the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 (GNSS or 5G or GNSS and 5G).
- Fig. 7 schematically illustrates the GNSS / 5G 1003 browser.
- the GNSS / 5G 1003 browser implements the algorithm which will be described with reference to Fig. 12.
- the GNSS / 5G 1003 browser includes a SLAM estimator. It is common practice to use an extended Kalman filter ("Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)", called EKF filter hereafter, to solve a SLAM problem.
- EKF filter Extended Kalman Filter
- the GNSS / 5G browser 1003 therefore includes a module, called the EKF-SLAM module, 10030 solving the SLAM problem of the invention.
- the EKF-SLAM 10030 module comprises a matrix generation module 10031, a correction module, called the EKF correction module, 10032 and a prediction module, called the EKF prediction module, 10033.
- the matrix generation module 10031 is responsible for forming, using the positions of the satellites, the position and the speed of the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 and the positions of 5G base stations, a plurality of matrices used in the navigation process that we will describe below.
- This plurality of matrices includes:
- the matrix generation module 10031 receives as input, the estimates 1002B of the C / N 0 GNSS and / or 5G ratios, the positions of the GNSS satellites 1002C and the corrected estimates b of GNSS and / or 5G pseudo-speed and pseudo-distances of the GNSS / 5G 100 tightly coupled system provided by the EKF 10032 correction module.
- the matrix generation module 10031 supplies the Jacobian matrix H as input to the correction module EKF 10032, and the matrices F,
- the EKF 10032 correction module receives as input the estimates 1002A of the GNSS and / or 5G pseudo-speed and pseudo-distances of the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100, the identifier 1002D indicating the data to be used by the GNSS tightly coupled system / 5G 100, the Jacobian matrix H, and, from the prediction module EKF 10033, a prediction / of an error state vector of the GNSS / 5G 100 tightly coupled system and a prediction g of a matrix of error covariance associated with said state vector.
- the EKF 10032 correction module supplies the EKF 10033 prediction module with a posteriori estimate (that is to say after correction) d of the error state vector of the GNSS tightly coupled system. / 5G and a posterior estimate of the error covariance matrix associated with said state vector. Furthermore, the correction module EKF 10032 generates an identifier 1003A indicating an operating mode of the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 and a navigation solution, called the GNSS / 5G navigation solution, 1003B.
- the prediction module EKF 10033 receives as input the matrices F, H, R and Q (reference c), the a posteriori estimate d of the error state vector of the tightly coupled GNSS / 5G system and estimates it at posteriori of the error covariance matrix associated with said state vector.
- the EKF 10033 prediction module supplies the EKF 10032 correction module with the prediction / of an error state vector of the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 and the prediction g of a matrix of error covariance associated with said state vector.
- Fig. 8 schematically illustrates the INS 10F navigation system
- the INS 101 navigation system implements the algorithm which will be described with reference to FIG. 13.
- the INS 101 system comprises an INS sensor 1010 and an INS navigator 1011.
- the INS sensor 1010 comprises for example at least one accelerometer and at least one gyrometer each providing measurements to the INS navigator 1011.
- the INS browser 1011 receives the measurements from the INS sensor 1010 and generates a navigation solution, called the INS navigation solution, 101A.
- the INS 1011 navigator additionally receives, from the loosely coupled system 102, 101D position and speed corrections, 101C attitude corrections and corrections (bias, scale factor of G accelerometer and of the accelerometer. gyrometer) 101B to be applied to the measurements provided by the INS 1010 sensor.
- Fig. 9 schematically illustrates the loosely coupled system 102.
- the loosely coupled system 102 receives the identifier 1003A indicating the operating mode of the closely coupled GNSS / 5G 100 system and the hybrid GNSS / 5G 1003B navigation solution provided by said tightly coupled GNSS / 5G 100 system.
- loose coupling additionally receives the INS 101A navigation solution provided by the INS 101 system.
- the loosely coupled system 102 provides the corrections 101B,
- GNSS / 5G + INS Hybrid Navigation Solution is the navigation solution provided by the GNSS / 5G + Hybrid Navigation System Fig. 10 schematically illustrates a detail of the loosely coupled system 102.
- the loosely coupled system 102 comprises a synchronization module 1020 and a navigator, called a GNSS / 5G + INS navigator, 1021.
- the synchronization module 1020 is in charge of providing the GNSS / 5G + INS navigator 1021 with navigation solutions 102B which 'it obtains from the navigation solutions 101A and 1003B coming from the INS 101 system and the GNSS / 5G 1003 navigator, respectively.
- the INS 101 system and the GNSS / 5G tightly coupled system 100 generally do not generate navigation solutions. with the same frequency.
- the synchronization module 1020 then takes care of synchronizing the INS navigation solutions with the GNSS / 5G navigation solutions.
- the 1020 synchronization module calculates intermediate GNSS / 5G solutions between two GNSS / 5G solutions provided by the tightly coupled system GNSS / 5G 100, each intermediate GNSS / 5G solution being temporally aligned with an INS solution provided by the INS 101 system. From these synchronized INS and GNSS / 5G navigation solutions, the GNSS / 5G + INS 1021 navigator generates the corrections 101B, 101C and 101D and hybrid GNSS / 5G + INS 102A navigation solutions.
- Fig. 11 schematically illustrates an example of a hardware architecture of a processing module 11.
- the modules included in the hybrid GNSS / 5G + INS 10 navigation system including the GNSS / 5G detector 1002, the matrix generation module 10031, the correction module EKF 10032, the prediction module EKF 10033, the synchronization 1020, the GNSS / 5G + INS browser 1021, each include a processing module 11.
- the processing module 11 then comprises, connected by a communication bus 110: a processor or CPU (“Central Processing Unit” in English) 111; a random access memory RAM (“Random Access Memory” in English) 112; a ROM read only memory 113; a storage unit such as a hard disk or a storage media reader, such as an SD ("Secure Digital") card reader 114; at least one communication interface 115 allowing the processing module 11 to communicate with other modules of the GNSS / 5G + INS hybrid navigation system 10.
- a communication bus 110 a processor or CPU (“Central Processing Unit” in English) 111; a random access memory RAM (“Random Access Memory” in English) 112; a ROM read only memory 113; a storage unit such as a hard disk or a storage media reader, such as an SD (“Secure Digital”) card reader 114; at least one communication interface 115 allowing the processing module 11 to communicate with other modules of the GNSS / 5G + INS hybrid navigation system 10.
- Processor 111 is capable of executing instructions loaded into RAM 112 from ROM 113, external memory (not shown), storage media (such as an SD card), or a communication network.
- the processor 111 is able to read instructions from RAM 112 and execute them.
- These instructions form a computer program causing the complete or partial execution, by the processor 111, of the processes executed by the GNSS / 5G + INS hybrid navigation system modules 10 comprising said processing module 11.
- a programmable machine for example a DSP (“Digital Signal Processor”) or a microcontroller, or be implemented in hardware form by a machine or a computer.
- dedicated component for example an FPGA (“Field-Programmable Gâte Array”) or an ASIC (“Application-Specific Integrated Circuit”).
- the measurements determine the operating mode of the hybrid GNSS / 5G + INS 10 receiver.
- the standard mode is selected.
- the 5G mode is selected.
- the INS / GNSS mode is selected.
- the state vector of the EKF-SLAM estimator is made up of the position, speed, bias and drift of the receiver clock of the hybrid receiver, as well as the positions, biases and drifts of 5G stations clock.
- the EKF-SLAM estimator produces the state prediction and the prediction error covariance using transition models as well as receiver clock models.
- the EKF-SLAM estimator produces an update. of the state estimate and an update P k of the associated estimate error covariance.
- the estimator state vector is made up of the position and speed of the receiver as well as the difference between the clock bias and drifts of the receiver on the one hand and each 5G station on the other.
- the 5G mode considered here is a restricted mode in the sense that the positions of the 5G base stations as well as the bias and the clock drift of the receiver estimated in the mapping mode are used. As soon as GNSS measurements become available again, the clock bias and drift as well as the positions of the 5G stations are reintroduced into the state vector and we return to mapping mode, thus making it possible to refine the positions of the base stations. 5G. Between corrections, the EKF-SLAM estimator produces a state prediction and the prediction error covariance using the transition models as well as the 5G base station clock models.
- GNSS mode In GNSS mode, called standard mode, only GNSS pseudo-distances are available. 5G measurements are unavailable due to disturbances related either to the environment or to the absence of the 5G network.
- the state vector of the EKF-SLAM estimator is made up of the position, speed, bias and drift of the receiver clock. Between corrections, the EKF-SLAM estimator produces a state prediction ⁇ and the prediction error covariance k using the transition models as well as the receiver clock models. When GNSS and / or 5G pseudo-distance and pseudo-speed measurements are available, the EKF-SLAM estimator produces an update. of the state estimate and an update Pi of the associated estimate error covariance.
- the states of the receiver change over time as follows: measurements, w r is the process noise vector modeled as white noise with zero mean and covariance . diag denotes the diagonal concatenation of matrix blocks.
- v r [X, Y, Z] T is the receiver position
- v s is modeled as a white Gaussian noise with zero mean and relative to the n th 5G base station at time k is linked to the states of the receiver and of the 5G base station by: where is the LOS vector from the 5G base station to the receiver, is the predicted speed of the receiver, is the zero speed of the transmitter 5G as it is stationary in this frame, c is the speed, 5t r the clock drift of the receiver and 5t s the clock drift of the 5G station, l is the wavelength of the nominal carrier frequency of the 5G base station, w Sn is a Gaussian white noise with zero mean and variance
- Observing pseudospeed (delta-distance) made by the GNSS receiver / 5G with respect to the m th GNSS satellite at time k is linked to the reception states by is the predicted speed of the receiver, V SVm is the speed of the satellite, c is the speed, receiver clock drift and the satellite clock drift, ⁇ L is the wavelength of the nominal carrier frequency of the satellite, w SVm is a Gaussian white noise with zero mean and variance
- the navigation algorithm uses an extended Kalman filter as an estimator with an added complexity due to the fact that the states of the base stations are simultaneously estimated with the states of the GNSS / 5G receiver.
- the extended Kalman filter produces an estimated of X k , and an estimate of the error covariance
- EKF estimator receiver position, speed, bias and clock drift errors, position, bias and clock drift errors of 5G base stations are estimated.
- the states are subsequently updated at time k by adding the errors estimated at time k to the states estimated at time k- 1, i.e.
- the estimator uses the dynamic models described previously to propagate the estimates of the states , provide the prediction of the corresponding error covariance matrix and use the observation model.
- mapping mode the state prediction is made: with
- the EK-SLAM estimator corrects for state errors using the following EKF correction equations:
- Z k is the measure estimated from the observation model.
- Z k can also be estimated using the Jacobian H k and the a priori state prediction X.
- the dimension of the measurement noise covariance matrix R k depends on the number M of GNSS satellites processed and / or on the number of 5G base stations from which the signals are received.
- L N + M is the total number of available transmitters.
- R k is a 2Lx2L dimension matrix defined by: DLL loop band of the GNSS or 5G signal continued,: FLL loop band of the continued GNSS or 5G signal, T n : coherent integration time of the GNSS or 5G DLL loop of interest, ' ⁇ estimated from the report carrier-to-noise of the GNSS or 5G channel of interest, and d: chip spacing between the Early and Late correlators of the GNSS or 5G DLL of interest.
- the corresponding Jacobian matrix is obtained by:
- the correction produces the a posteriori estimate and the posterior estimate of the corresponding error covariance matrix P k .
- the true states (positions, speeds, clocks) are updated at time k by adding the posterior error estimate X k to the estimates of true states at time
- z z s
- correction produces the posterior estimate and the posterior estimate of the corresponding error covariance matrix .
- the true states (positions, speeds, clocks) are updated at time k by adding the a posteriori error estimate to the estimates of true states at time In 5G mode, let N be the number of 5G base stations received:
- X represents 3 + 3 + 2 * N states and Z represents N position deviation observations and N speed deviation observations.
- the matrix H k is of the form: In GNSS mode, standard mode, if M is the number of satellites from which signals are received, X represents 3 + 3 + 2 states which are independent of the number of states and Z represents M position deviation observations and M observations d 'speed deviation.
- the matrix H k is of the form:
- mapping mode X represents 3 + 3 + 2 + (3 + 2) * N states and X is not the concatenation of the separate 5G and GNSS states.
- Z represents M position deviation observations then M speed deviation observations + N position deviation observations and N speed deviation.
- the matrix H k is of the form:
- Fig. 12 schematically illustrates a process executed by the processing module to select the operating mode of a browser.
- Step E120 corresponds to an operating mode in which only GNSS signals are measured, the operating mode of the browser is standard GNSS mode. This mode corresponds for example to the case where the carrier is at sea.
- step E121 the processing module checks whether signals transmitted by 5G base stations are measured.
- step E122 If so, the processing module goes to step E122. If not, the processing module returns to step E120.
- Step E1 22 corresponds to an operating mode in which GNSS and 5G signals are measured, the operating mode of the browser is mapping mode. This mode corresponds for example to the case where the wearer is approaching a port.
- step E123 the processing module checks whether the GNSS signals are not usable.
- step E124 If so, the processing module goes to step E124. If not, the processing module returns to step E122.
- Step E124 corresponds to a 5G operating mode. This mode corresponds for example to the case where the carrier is at the dock.
- step E125 the processing module checks whether the 5G signals cannot be used. If so, the processing module returns to step E120. If not, the processing module returns to step E124.
- Fig. 13 schematically illustrates a method executed by a loosely coupled system browser between an INS system and a tightly coupled GNSS / 5G system.
- step E130 the initial estimate of the state vector and the initial estimate of the error covariance are obtained.
- step E131 the operating mode of the browser is obtained as well as the measurements
- step E132 the Jacobian matrices and the process noise covariance matrices are obtained.
- the operating mode is the mapping mode
- the matrices F k , H k , R k and Q k are obtained.
- the matrices F ' k , H' k , R and Q ' k are obtained.
- the matrices F '' K , H ” k , R '' k and Q” k are obtained.
- steps E133 to E135 a correction is performed using the matrices obtained. More precisely, a calculation of the Kalman gain is carried out in step E133, a calculation of the correction of the a priori estimate of the new measurement is carried out in step E1 34 and a calculation of the error covariance matrix of the estimate is calculated.
- step E136 a calculation of the state vector prediction is performed.
- step E137 the prediction of the measurement vector is performed and in step E1 38, the prediction of the error covariance matrix is calculated.
- the mode is the mapping mode
- the following predictions are calculated:
- the mode is 5G mode
- the following predictions are calculated:
- the mode is standard GNSS mode
- the following predictions are calculated:
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR2000771A FR3106658B1 (fr) | 2020-01-27 | 2020-01-27 | Procédé et système de navigation |
| PCT/EP2021/051693 WO2021151864A1 (fr) | 2020-01-27 | 2021-01-26 | Procede et systeme de navigation |
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| EP4097420A1 true EP4097420A1 (fr) | 2022-12-07 |
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| US (1) | US12416735B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4097420A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN115362349B (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2021213398A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3106658B1 (fr) |
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| CN115235513B (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-01-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | 一种基于伪距和伪距率的惯导校正方法 |
| CN117232506A (zh) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-12-15 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | 一种复杂战场环境下的军用移动装备定位系统 |
| CN118534510B (zh) * | 2024-04-10 | 2025-03-21 | 中国交通信息科技集团有限公司 | 基于北斗卫星的智能定位方法及系统 |
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| KR100540194B1 (ko) * | 2003-09-23 | 2006-01-10 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 차량을 이용한 알에프아이디 태그 설치 시스템 및 그 방법 |
| KR100532589B1 (ko) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-12-01 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 무선인식/위성측위/관성항법을 결합한 통합 측위 장치 및그 방법 |
| US9746329B2 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2017-08-29 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Systems and methods for augmenting an inertial navigation system |
| FR2927705B1 (fr) | 2008-02-19 | 2010-03-26 | Thales Sa | Systeme de navigation a hybridation par les mesures de phase |
| US8860609B2 (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2014-10-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Loosely-coupled integration of global navigation satellite system and inertial navigation system |
| US8412456B2 (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2013-04-02 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Loosely-coupled integration of global navigation satellite system and inertial navigation system: speed scale-factor and heading bias calibration |
| CN102279404B (zh) * | 2010-06-13 | 2013-11-06 | 上海伽利略导航有限公司 | 一种无缝定位方法及装置 |
| KR20160027739A (ko) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-03-10 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 차량의 위치 추정 장치 및 그 방법 |
| IL234691A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-12-31 | Boyarski Shmuel | A method and system for inertial navigation using a world-wide fastening system |
| FR3030057B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-01-27 | Thales Sa | Procede et systeme de validation de geolocalisation par satellite |
| US9791575B2 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-10-17 | Novatel Inc. | GNSS and inertial navigation system utilizing relative yaw as an observable for an ins filter |
| CN106324645A (zh) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 付寅飞 | 一种基于惯性导航和卫星差分定位的车辆精准定位方法 |
| CN106646570A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-10 | 付寅飞 | 一种多基站卫星差分定位和惯导组合的车辆精准定位方法 |
| CN107478221A (zh) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-12-15 | 黄润芳 | 一种用于移动终端的高精度定位方法 |
| CN108827292A (zh) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-16 | 四川大学 | 基于gnss和地面基站的组合式导航精确测速定位方法及系统 |
| CN109085626B (zh) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-04-20 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | 一种定位方法及装置 |
| US10578743B1 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-03-03 | Intel Corporation | System and method of location determination using multiple location inputs |
| US10809388B1 (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2020-10-20 | Swift Navigation, Inc. | Systems and methods for high-integrity satellite positioning |
| CN110501736B (zh) * | 2019-08-28 | 2023-10-20 | 武汉大学 | 利用视觉影像和gnss测距信号紧耦合定位系统与方法 |
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| AU2021213398A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
| CN115362349B (zh) | 2025-10-28 |
| IL294632A (en) | 2022-09-01 |
| FR3106658A1 (fr) | 2021-07-30 |
| FR3106658B1 (fr) | 2022-01-07 |
| WO2021151864A1 (fr) | 2021-08-05 |
| US12416735B2 (en) | 2025-09-16 |
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