EP4098996A1 - Système d'ancrage de composants structurels pour la fabrication et le test d'éléments composites - Google Patents

Système d'ancrage de composants structurels pour la fabrication et le test d'éléments composites Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4098996A1
EP4098996A1 EP21177011.0A EP21177011A EP4098996A1 EP 4098996 A1 EP4098996 A1 EP 4098996A1 EP 21177011 A EP21177011 A EP 21177011A EP 4098996 A1 EP4098996 A1 EP 4098996A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchorage
external
blocks
structural element
ties
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP21177011.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4098996B1 (fr
EP4098996C0 (fr
Inventor
Viktor Gribniak
Arvydas Rimkus
Joaquim de Barros
Vytautas Tamulenas
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Vilnius Gediminas Technical University
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Vilnius Gediminas Technical University
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Publication of EP4098996C0 publication Critical patent/EP4098996C0/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the fields of structural engineering and materials engineering and can be used for the production and characterisation of multicomponent structural composites. More specifically, it discloses anchoring means for tie components.
  • This invention covers different types and techniques of combining of composite elements.
  • Another kind of application is related to reinforcement and testing techniques using pre-stressed Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) plates, sheets, and laminates.
  • FRP Fibre-Reinforced Polymer
  • the latter technology is useful for strengthening the existing structures to secure the structural integrity and provide additional support to them.
  • This invention also enables complex combinations of various reinforcing or strengthening systems.
  • This anchorage has two anchoring units (massive anchored concrete blocks) at the ends of the tensile element, in which the longitudinal groups of reinforcement bars of the test element are anchored, and the anchor rods.
  • the anchor rods are pierced through each formed support block, where one end of the anchor rod is secured with plates resting on the inner plane of the concrete block and the other ends of the rods are fixed to a tensioning machine. Attaching the anchor rods to the test bench requires additional traverses that connect all anchor rods.
  • the reinforced element can thus be connected to standard test equipment.
  • the fastening equipment described does not guarantee the positioning of the reinforcement bars in the cross-section of the element. It is also impossible to position the reinforcement bars at a short distance from each other. Massive anchored concrete blocks at the ends of the element significantly increase the weight of the specimens. With this geometry of the specimen, it is difficult to interpret the cracking parameters of the element, as it is necessary to know the distance from the anchor block to the formation of a crack.
  • Khorami et al. (2020) proposed an alternative setup enabling characterisation of structural elements reinforced with multiple bars. This apparatus, however, was developed for the application of steel reinforcement only.
  • CFRP Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers
  • this CFRP element with the anchoring equipment is employed in different applications such as reinforcing of old structures having cracks (Hosseini et al (2017), Hosseini et al (2016)), reinforcing concrete constructions and elements with pre-stretched CFRP bands providing stretch gradient to the element being reinforced (Michels et al (2014)), or testing properties of CFRP band stretching and reinforcing.
  • CFRP stretching is employed only on single CFRP bands or in Hosseini et al (2016) there is a stretched two CFRP bands in parallel, the anchors grasping two tapes simultaneously.
  • the patent application WO2018072589A1 discloses an automated and synchronized control system for bundled steel strand anchoring.
  • the system is provided with a pre-tensioning device, an integrated tensioning device, a hydraulic pump station, and the main control center. Each part is organically connected via high-pressure hydraulic tubing, a data transmission cable, and a control component.
  • the main control center issues a command and the hydraulic pump station then actuates the pre-tensioning device and integrated tensioning device to perform a tensioning operation under a pre-configured program.
  • An integrated multi-piston, single-shaft pre-tensioning jack comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a piston.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is provided with multiple piston openings.
  • Each of the pistons is installed within a piston opening to form an integrated multi-piston structure.
  • the pre-tensioning jack with a structure comprising a single hydraulic cylinder and multiple pistons a high degree of integration is achieved.
  • the invention can realize simultaneous and automated pre-tensioning of multiple steel strands, automated inverse tensioning of an ultra-long steel strand with a jack, continuous pre-tensioning, faster operations, and lower labor costs.
  • a single pumping station can achieve pre-tensioning and integrated tensioning.
  • a single main control center can simultaneously control multiple pumping stations, realizing simultaneous pre-tensioning and integrated tensioning of multiple pre-stressed strands. This system allows to anchor strands of bundled steel in a synchronous way. The strands are attached individually and so on.
  • the Chinese utility model CN205630974U relates to pre-tensioning system precast beam pedestal, including rectangular shaped plate bottom plate and transmission column, transmission column-parallel arrangement is in the bottom plate both sides, and stiff end gooseneck and stretch-draw end gooseneck has been arranged respectively to the transmission column both ends, be connected with the tensioning equipment on the stretch-draw end gooseneck, arranged steel strand wires between stiff end gooseneck and the stretch-draw end gooseneck, when the tensioning equipment carries outstretch-draw to steel strand wires, steel strand wires and stretch-draw end gooseneck relative movement for the stiff end gooseneck is drawn to paste tightly in the transmission column tip, and simultaneous tension end gooseneck is overlaid tightly in transmission column's the other end.
  • This pre-tensioning system precast beam pedestal has overcome the structure complicacy of traditional pedestal existence, obsolete material, and obsolete manual work and has made shortcoming long in time limit through the structural style of change pedestal, makes its simple structure, has practiced thrift the cost by a wide margin, has promoted the construction progress.
  • the most relevant patent application LT6275B discloses fastening equipment that can be used for producing and testing reinforced concrete elements.
  • This equipment carries two symmetrical anchorage joints (3) of reinforcement bars (2) of a structural element (1).
  • the anchorage joint embraces two plates (6) connected by central (7) and supplemental bars (8). Plates are used as permanent formwork for the casting of anchoring joints (3).
  • the plates (6) have identically distributed holes for reinforcement bars (2) poured by concrete (9).
  • the central bar (7) is connected to a tension device (4).
  • a gap between the structural element (1) and anchorage joint (3) can be formed to measure the deformations of reinforcement bars (2).
  • Element (1) and anchors (3) can be produced simultaneously and have the same or different filling (9).
  • Supplemental equipment (10) can be used for shear restrain of anchorage joints (3).
  • this invention discloses reinforcement of composite elements still by internal bars or ties that are limited to a range of applications and constructions.
  • Special equipment and a new technique to distribute tie components in the cross-section of a structural element are the objects of the present invention.
  • the proposed apparatus is useful for producing and testing of the composite members. Bars, sheets, laminates, strips, fibre strands, and profiles in various combinations can be used as structural components of structural elements made from cement-based or polymer-based composite materials.
  • the equipment is also suitable for strengthening existing structures (including the application of near-surface mounted reinforcing systems). It can maintain the predefined position of the components, ensuring axial tension to the ties.
  • a unique anchor assembly designed to fasten a complex set of the components is the specific feature of the invention.
  • the anchoring joints ensure the design position of the tie assembly.
  • the anchorage system enables to combine different materials varying the arrangement/distribution of the composite components within the cross-section.
  • the filling of the anchorage blocks allows each part to deform differently in the anchoring zone, thereby equalising stresses of different composite components and, consequently, to reduce an eccentricity of the tie group.
  • the choice of filler composition ensures the adaptive deformation of the anchor assembly as it allows control of the anchor strength and displacement of the components. That reduces the physical eccentricity of the composite structural member and allows the cast materials for producing the structural member to be varied.
  • the equipment consists of two anchorage joints, each one comprising two spaced-apart plates and the central bar connected to the tensioning device.
  • the two plates of each anchoring joint are perforated to ensure the design position of the tie components of the structural elements.
  • the ties pass through the holes in the plates to fix them in the anchoring joints.
  • the space between the plates of the anchor unit is filled with adhesive or other appropriate material.
  • the anchorage blocks can be produced together with the element or separately to form a 3D cage enabling the application of pre-stressing technology.
  • External tie components are either adhesively bonded to the newly formed lateral surfaces of the anchoring joints or fastened to the lateral surfaces by tailoring the external clamps shaped tightly around the filled anchoring joint.
  • the shape of anchoring joint plates and external clamps can be tailored to fit the geometry shape of the external components (e.g., sheets, laminates, strips) having different cross-section, for example, zig-zag shaped profiles.
  • the external components e.g., sheets, laminates, strips
  • the tensile load is transmitted from a standard tensioning machine to the reinforcing assembly of the structural member.
  • the cast structural element and its anchoring joints can be made at the same production stage with the same composite filler (e.g., polymer- or cement-based composite), or the anchoring joints with the tie assembly can be made before the cast element is produced.
  • composite filler e.g., polymer- or cement-based composite
  • Such flexibility of production steps allows preparing a specimen (structure member/construction element) by a single or few different stages and manufacturing pre-stressed construction elements. The latter procedure is also applicable for the strengthening of existing structures.
  • Anchorage equipment The internal ties 2 of the structural element 1 are fixed into the anchorage blocks 3 that further are connected to the standard tensioning machine joints 4 using spherical hinges 5.
  • the anchorage block 3 consists of two perforated fixing plates 6 having identical holes where the tie components 2 are inserted, the centre rods 7 connected to the standard tensioning equipment joints 4, and additional bolts 8 connecting two fixing plates 6 ( FIG. 2 a) .
  • the spaces between the fixing plates 6 are filled with an adhesive material 9 ( FIG. 2 b) .
  • Cement- and polymer-based concrete can be used for that purpose.
  • the anchorage joint 3 assemblies may have additional clamping equipment 10 to increase the anchoring confinement ( FIG. 2 c) .
  • additional spherical hinges 5 can be used to provide central tensioning.
  • the proposed anchorage equipment (comprising two anchorage joints 3) allows manufacturing/preparing the structural element 1 in different ways:
  • the structural element 1 with the prepared anchorage blocks 3 is attached via the central rods 7 from the fixing plates 6 to the tensioning machine connections 4.
  • the tensioning machine can be employed without integrated hinges (not shown), or with spherical hinges 5, or with pin hinges (not shown), thus additionally fixing the structural element 1.
  • the tensile load is transmitted through the anchorage block 3 to the tie components 2 of the member 1.
  • a gap 15 is provided between the anchorage joints 3 and the structural element 1, thus allowing the measuring sensors 16 to be directly attached to the ties 2 for monitoring the deformations.
  • the deformation sensors 16 measure the deformations of the internal and external tie components 2 and 11, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the invented anchorage system is compatible with reinforcing ties of various materials and geometries and can be used for the production of pre-stressed structural composite members and characterisation (testing) of the tensile elements having longitudinal tie components.
  • Anchoring method for pre-stressing and testing of a group of different reinforcing elements comprises steps at least of:
  • a single reinforcing type can also be used.
  • the set of internal bars 2 can be used as a single reinforcing group.
  • all anchorage steps are remaining the same, i.e. the clamping 10 is also recommended for ensuring the additional confinement of the anchorage blocks 3.
  • the external plates 11 can be used for the strengthening of existing structures.
  • FIG. 3 depicts the general application of the anchoring system for characterisation of tensile composite elements 1.
  • the inner steel or various fibre-reinforced polymer rods 12 the external fibre reinforced polymer laminate plates 14 and the near-surface fibre reinforced polymer strips 13.
  • FIG. 4 demonstrates an alternative embodiment of the invention equipment.
  • the anchorage blocks (3) are used to pre-stress fibre reinforced polymer rods 12 for producing pre-stressed composite beams.
  • FIG. 5 shows the application of the proposed equipment for reinforcing flexural composite members.
  • the apparatus is used to tension ties attached to the tensile surface of the beam.
  • the size of the anchorage blocks (3) depends on the flexural stiffness of the ties (14).
  • size of the perforated plates (6) can be diminished and the number of the connecting bolts (8) can be reduced. This application is typical for the strengthening of the existing structures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
EP21177011.0A 2021-06-01 2021-06-01 Système d'ancrage de composants structurels pour la fabrication et le test d'éléments composites Active EP4098996B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21177011.0A EP4098996B1 (fr) 2021-06-01 2021-06-01 Système d'ancrage de composants structurels pour la fabrication et le test d'éléments composites

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EP21177011.0A EP4098996B1 (fr) 2021-06-01 2021-06-01 Système d'ancrage de composants structurels pour la fabrication et le test d'éléments composites

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EP4098996A1 true EP4098996A1 (fr) 2022-12-07
EP4098996B1 EP4098996B1 (fr) 2025-08-20
EP4098996C0 EP4098996C0 (fr) 2025-08-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120778475A (zh) * 2025-09-13 2025-10-14 内蒙古科技大学 一种吸能锚固体结构精准制备装置及其制备方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT6275B (lt) 2015-07-14 2016-06-27 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Betoninio konstrukcinio elemento armatūros strypų grupės tvirtinimo įranga
CN205630974U (zh) 2016-05-26 2016-10-12 中铁二十三局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 一种先张法预制梁台座
WO2018072589A1 (fr) 2016-10-18 2018-04-26 柳州黔桥工程材料有限公司 Système de commande automatisé et synchronisé pour ancrage de brins d'acier en faisceau
US20180127966A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 Kurosawa Construction Co., Ltd. Method for jointing concrete column and iron beam
WO2020072015A1 (fr) * 2018-10-04 2020-04-09 Sentez İnşaat Yazilim Sanayi̇ Ve Ti̇caret Li̇mi̇ted Şi̇rketi̇ Pieu de tuyau en béton armé précontraint et son procédé de production

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT6275B (lt) 2015-07-14 2016-06-27 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Betoninio konstrukcinio elemento armatūros strypų grupės tvirtinimo įranga
CN205630974U (zh) 2016-05-26 2016-10-12 中铁二十三局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 一种先张法预制梁台座
WO2018072589A1 (fr) 2016-10-18 2018-04-26 柳州黔桥工程材料有限公司 Système de commande automatisé et synchronisé pour ancrage de brins d'acier en faisceau
US20180127966A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 Kurosawa Construction Co., Ltd. Method for jointing concrete column and iron beam
WO2020072015A1 (fr) * 2018-10-04 2020-04-09 Sentez İnşaat Yazilim Sanayi̇ Ve Ti̇caret Li̇mi̇ted Şi̇rketi̇ Pieu de tuyau en béton armé précontraint et son procédé de production

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Title
CORREIA, L.TEIXEIRA, T.MICHELS, J.ALMEIDA, J. A.SENA-CRUZ, J.: "Flexural behaviour of RC slabs strengthened with prestressed CFRP strips using different anchorage systems", COMPOSITES PART B: ENGINEERING, vol. 81, 2015, pages 158 - 170, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.07.011>
FIELDS, K.BISCHOFF, P. H.: "Tension stiffening and cracking of high-strength reinforced concrete tension members", STRUCTURAL JOURNAL, vol. 101, no. 4, 2004, pages 447 - 456
FIELDSBISCHOFF: "Tension Stiffening and Cracking of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Tension Members", ACI STRUCTURAL JOURNAL, 2004
HOSSEINI, A.GHAFOORI, E.MOTAVALLI, M.NUSSBAUMER, A.ZHAO, X. L.: "Mode I fatigue crack arrest in tensile steel members using prestressed CFRP plates", COMPOSITE STRUCTURES, vol. 178, 2017, pages 119 - 134, XP085150492, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comp-struct.2017.06.056> DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.06.056
HOSSEINI, A.GHAFOORI, E.MOTAVALLI, M.NUSSBAUMER, A.ZHAO, X. L.KOLLER, R.: "Prestressed unbonded reinforcement system with multiple CFRP plates for fatigue strengthening of steel members", POLYMERS, vol. 10, no. 3, 2018, pages 264, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10030264>
KHORAMI, M.NAVARRO-GREGORI, J.SERNA, P.: "Experimental methodology on the serviceability behaviour of reinforced ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete tensile elements", STRAIN, 2020, pages e12361, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12361>
MICHELS, J.MARTINELLI, E.CZADERSKI, C.MOTAVALLI, M.: "Prestressed CFRP strips with gradient anchorage for structural concrete retrofitting: Experiments and numerical modeling", POLYMERS, vol. 6, no. 1, 2014, pages 114 - 131, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.org/10.3390/polym6010114>
MOHEE, F. M.AL-MAYAH, A.PLUMTREE, A.: "Development of a novel pre-stressing anchor for CFRP plates: Experimental investigations", COMPOSITE STRUCTURES, vol. 176, 2017, pages 20 - 32, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.05.011>
YOU, Y. C.CHOI, K. S.KIM, J.: "An experimental investigation on flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with prestressed CFRP strips using a durable anchorage system", COMPOSITES PART B: ENGINEERING, vol. 43, no. 8, 2012, pages 3026 - 3036, XP028941843, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.05.030> DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.05.030

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120778475A (zh) * 2025-09-13 2025-10-14 内蒙古科技大学 一种吸能锚固体结构精准制备装置及其制备方法

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EP4098996B1 (fr) 2025-08-20
EP4098996C0 (fr) 2025-08-20

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