EP4100558A1 - Système tribologique - Google Patents

Système tribologique

Info

Publication number
EP4100558A1
EP4100558A1 EP20797360.3A EP20797360A EP4100558A1 EP 4100558 A1 EP4100558 A1 EP 4100558A1 EP 20797360 A EP20797360 A EP 20797360A EP 4100558 A1 EP4100558 A1 EP 4100558A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant
solid lubricant
bearings
lubricant layer
binder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20797360.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Schweigkofler
Balasubramaniam Vengudusamy
Stefan Seemeyer
Dirk Loderer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Klueber Lubrication Muenchen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG filed Critical Klueber Lubrication Muenchen SE and Co KG
Publication of EP4100558A1 publication Critical patent/EP4100558A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
    • C10M103/06—Metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M109/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
    • C10M133/18—Amides; Imides of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C10M133/20—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/06—Particles of special shape or size
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
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    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/046—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with at least one amorphous inorganic material layer, e.g. DLC, a-C:H, a-C:Me, the layer being doped or not
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6633—Grease properties or compositions, e.g. rheological properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6688—Lubricant compositions or properties, e.g. viscosity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6696—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with solids as lubricant, e.g. dry coatings, powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • C10M2201/0613—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides used as base material
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
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    • C10M2201/0653—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides used as base material
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    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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    • C10M2201/1033—Clays; Mica; Zeolites used as base material
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    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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    • C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
    • C10M2215/1026—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates used as thickening material
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    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • C10M2217/0456—Polyureas; Polyurethanes used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
    • C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
    • C10N2050/025—Multi-layer lubricant coatings in the form of films or sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/48—Particle sizes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tribological system comprising sandwich lubrication which contains a binder-free solid lubricant layer and its production.
  • the invention also relates to sandwich lubrication itself and its use for lubricating metallic materials.
  • lubricating oils and greases are usually used as lubricants.
  • Binder-free solid lubricant layers and plasma layers are also used, particularly in applications with a high proportion of sliding.
  • the advantage of solid lubricant layers is that they enable reliable and maintenance-free permanent lubrication even with heavily loaded machine elements. However, their generally short service life is a disadvantage.
  • the application of graphene and nanoparticles is preferably carried out from the solution (“Solution Processed Graphene” SPG).
  • the method described makes it possible to obtain a binder-free solid layer. As explained above, however, it is disadvantageous that the solid layer has a short service life. In addition, at high speeds, especially in the area of hydrodynamic lubrication, it does not lead to the desired reduction in friction and wear.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a tribological system with a lubrication that combines a long service life with a high lubricating effect, a high reduction in friction and a reduction in wear, particularly at high speeds.
  • a tribological system comprising a base body and sandwich lubrication, with sandwich lubrication
  • a lubricant layer comprising a lubricant, the binder-free solid lubricant layer and the lubricant layer being present as separate layers on the base body and the mass ratio of solid lubricant to lubricant being at most 0.05: 1.
  • binder-free means that there is no binder in the solid lubricant layer, in particular no organic polymer such as polyamideimide (PAI), polyurethane (PU), epoxy, phenolic resin, phenoxy resin, melamine resin, acrylate resin, polyimide (PI), polyetheretherketone ( PEEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyether sulfone (PES), isocyanate, polyol, silicone resin or mixtures thereof.
  • no binding agent means that binding agents are contained at most in traces, i.e. in proportions below 20% by weight, based on the mass of the solid lubricant layer.
  • binder-free solid lubricant layers The advantage of using binder-free solid lubricant layers is that the stoving process that is customary with bonded coatings, ie binder-containing layers, can be dispensed with. This can cause a thermal Loading of the base body when applying the sandwich lubrication can be avoided. In addition, by dispensing with binding agents, material savings are possible.
  • the inventive combination of binder-free solid lubricant layer and lubricant layer has the advantage that the solid lubricant can act as a barrier between the lubricant and the surface to be lubricated and can reduce material incompatibilities and material damage caused by the lubricant, such as "white etching cracks" (WEC).
  • WEC white etching cracks
  • the barrier effect can also provide improved protection against corrosion and wear. This applies in particular when graphene is used as a solid lubricant, since it has a particularly high level of impermeability.
  • the solid lubricant layer contains a solid lubricant.
  • Preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin (IV) sulfide, zinc (II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfide, calcium phosphate, silicate and sheet silicate, talc , Mica and mixtures thereof.
  • the solid lubricant layers are also preferably selected from plasma coatings obtained by means of “chemical vapor deposition” (CVD) or “physical vapor deposition” (PVD), such as “diamond like carbon” (DLC), nitride and / or carbide layers.
  • CVD chemical vapor deposition
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • Particularly preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), metal sulfide, in particular molybdenum disulfide, zinc (II) sulfide, tin (IV) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), calcium phosphate, silicate and sheet silicate , especially talc, mica, and mixtures thereof.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • metal sulfide in particular molybdenum disulfide, zinc (II) sulfide, tin (IV) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), calcium phosphate, silicate and sheet silicate , especially talc, mica, and mixtures thereof.
  • Very particularly preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tungsten disulfide, calcium phosphate, silicate and sheet silicate, in particular talc, mica, and mixtures thereof.
  • the solid lubricant preferably has a particle size distribution with ad50 value of 0.3 nm to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 nm to 1 ⁇ m, in particular 1 nm to 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • the solid lubricants can be applied to the base body by known methods, for example by spraying, dipping, centrifuging, polishing, tumbling, printing or plasma coating.
  • the mass ratio of solid lubricant to lubricant is at most 0.05: 1, for example 0.000001: 1 to 0.05: 1, preferably at most 0.02: 1, for example 0.000001: 1 to 0.02: 1.
  • Mass ratios of solid lubricant to lubricant of 0.0001: 1 to 0.02: 1 or 0.0001: 1 to 0.05: 1 are also conceivable. It has been found that a mass ratio of solid lubricant to lubricant of at most 0.05: 1 is advantageous, since higher ratios can lead to detachment effects, which can result in increased friction and reduced service life.
  • the thickness of the solid lubricant layer is preferably not more than 1 ⁇ m, for example 0.3 nm to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.3 nm to 100 nm.
  • the solid lubricant layer and the lubricant layer are present as separate layers on the base body.
  • the lubricant layer is preferably arranged on the side of the solid lubricant layer facing away from the base body. This can be achieved, for example, in that the solid lubricant layer and the lubricant layer are applied to the base body one after the other, with the solid lubricant layer preferably being applied first and then the lubricant layer.
  • the advantage here is that a stable, coherent and dense solid lubricant layer can form on the base body. This solid lubricant layer therefore does not migrate out of the tribological system due to thermal (Marangoni effect) or mechanical influences (being thrown off due to centrifugal forces).
  • dispersing aids in the lubricant can be dispensed with.
  • a solid lubricant layer can also be combined with different lubricants and thus different requirement profiles can be met.
  • the tribological system according to the invention contains a base body.
  • This can contain both metallic and non-metallic materials, in particular composite materials, aluminum, aluminum alloys, steel, stainless steel and cast materials, non-ferrous metals, plastics, fiber-reinforced plastics and / or polymers.
  • the main body can be usual Pretreatments such as sandblasting, phosphating, smoothing, roughening are subjected.
  • the tribological system according to the invention typically contains a counter body that can move relative to the base body.
  • the counter body preferably contains composite materials, aluminum, aluminum alloys, steel, stainless steel and cast materials, non-ferrous metals, plastics, fiber-reinforced plastics, polymers and / or mixtures thereof. It is also conceivable that the counter body is also provided with a binder-free solid lubricant layer.
  • the lubricant layer comprises a lubricant.
  • a lubricant is preferably selected from lubricating oils, lubricating greases and aqueous lubricants and mixtures thereof.
  • a lubricating oil and / or a lubricating grease is used as the lubricant, it preferably contains synthetic oils, mineral and / or native oils as the main component (> 50% by weight). These oils can be used singly or in combination depending on the use.
  • Synthetic oils include, in particular, esters of an aliphatic or aromatic di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acid with one or more O7 to C22 alcohols present in a mixture, furthermore esters of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol with aliphatic O7 to C22 carboxylic acids, C-ie - Dimer acid esters with C7 to C22 alcohols, as well as complex esters.
  • a complex ester is understood to mean a polyester which is produced by reacting polyols with dicarboxylic acids and, if appropriate, monocarboxylic acids.
  • Poly- ⁇ -olefins (PAO) or metallocene-catalyzed PAOs, alkylated naphthalenes, alkylated benzenes, polyglycols, silicone oils, perfluoropolyethers, as well as polyphenyl ethers or alkylated di- or triphenyl ethers are synthetic oils which can be used according to the invention.
  • the mineral oils are preferably selected from paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocracked oils as well as gas to liquid (GTL) liquids.
  • GTL describes a process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from natural gas.
  • Preferred native oils are triglycerides from animal / vegetable sources that have been refined using known processes such as hydrogenation.
  • the particularly preferred triglyceride oils are high oleic triglyceride oils.
  • Typical high oleic vegetable oils used herein are safflower oil, corn oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, flaxseed oil, peanut oil, lesquerella oil, meadowfoam oil and palm oil.
  • the lubricating oil and / or lubricating grease particularly preferably contains a base oil selected from the group consisting of polyglycols, perfluoropolyethers and esters which contain di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acid, with one or more Ci- to C22-alcohols present in a mixture, furthermore esters of Trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol with aliphatic Ci- to C22-carboxylic acids, C-ie dimer acid esters with C7- to C22-alcohols, complex esters, poly- ⁇ -olefins (PAO) or metallocene-catalyzed PAOs and mixtures thereof.
  • a base oil selected from the group consisting of polyglycols, perfluoropolyethers and esters which contain di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acid, with one or more Ci- to C22-alcohols
  • Aqueous lubricants are preferably selected from lubricants with water contents greater than 20% by weight of water, based on the total weight of the lubricant. They are preferably transparent liquids - so they are not oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions. To adjust the viscosity, aqueous lubricants preferably contain polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyvinylpyrrolidones, cellulose derivatives, for example reaction products of cellulose and sulfonic acid or alkylated celluloses, or sugar derivatives, for example reaction products of sugar and carboxylic acids.
  • the aqueous lubricants particularly preferably contain polyalkylene glycol, preferably with a molar mass of 200 to 35,000 g / mol.
  • the monomeric units of the polyalkylene glycols can be selected from ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, which are present as block polymers or as randomly distributed polymers. Preference is given to polyalkylene glycols which are produced with starters selected from water, mono-, di- and trifunctional alcohols which contain up to 40 carbon atoms.
  • the aqueous lubricants further preferably contain carboxylic acid esters with chain lengths of C4 to C4o polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene units.
  • the lubricant preferably contains conventional additives against corrosion, such as metal salts, carboxylic acids, esters, nitrogen-containing compounds and heterocyclic compounds.
  • Radical scavengers such as aromatic amines or substituted phenols are preferably used to prevent oxidation.
  • Chelate-forming compounds are preferably used to protect against metal influences.
  • Compounds containing phosphorus and sulfur, e.g. zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, are preferably used as wear protection agents on metal surfaces.
  • Glycerine mono- or diesters are preferred to reduce the coefficient of friction, or in solid form polyimides, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphite, metal oxides, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide and phosphates.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • Polyisobutylene or polymethacrylates are preferably used as viscosity improvers.
  • Ionic liquids can also be used, for example to increase the electrical conductivity of the lubricant or to increase the service life of the lubricant.
  • a lubricating grease is used as the lubricant, it preferably contains a thickening agent.
  • Preferred thickeners are selected from urea, aluminum complex soaps, metal single soaps of the elements of the 1st and 2nd main group of the periodic table, metal complex soaps of the elements of the 1st and 2nd main group of the periodic table, bentonite, sulfonate, silicate, polyimide or PTFE and one Mixture of the aforementioned thickeners.
  • a diisocyanate preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene,
  • the tribological system is designed as a tribological system that is operated under inconstant hydrodynamic conditions, particularly preferably as roller and slide bearings, gears, chains, sliding guides and joints, in particular as wheel bearings in motor vehicles, as bearings in wind turbines and / or as a bearing with a high sliding component, such as a rotating slide bearing, for example as a fan bearing, or as a linearly guided slide bearing, for example in knitting machines, as axial cylindrical roller bearings, for example in adjusting and setting devices for heavy loads in mechanical engineering and / or as rotor bearings in wind turbines or as a small gear, in a metallic and / or non-metallic design and / or as a ball joint, especially as a ball joint for use in the automotive sector.
  • inconstant hydrodynamic conditions particularly preferably as roller and slide bearings, gears, chains, sliding guides and joints, in particular as wheel bearings in motor vehicles, as bearings in wind turbines and / or as a bearing with a high sliding component, such as a
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for producing a tribological system, comprising the following steps:
  • a lubricant layer comprising a lubricant to the base body provided with the binder-free solid lubricant, the mass ratio of binder-free solid lubricant to lubricant being at most 0.05: 1, so that the binder-free Solid lubricant layer and the lubricant layer are present as separate layers on the base body.
  • Another object of the present invention is a sandwich lubrication comprising
  • a binder-free solid lubricant layer comprising a solid lubricant
  • a lubricant layer comprising a lubricant, the mass ratio of solid lubricant to lubricant being at most 0.05: 1 and the binder-free solid lubricant layer and the lubricant layer being present as separate layers.
  • Another object of the present invention is the use of sandwich lubrication
  • a binder-free solid lubricant layer comprising a solid lubricant
  • a lubricant layer comprising a lubricant, the mass ratio of solid lubricant to lubricant being at most 0.05: 1 and wherein the binder-free solid lubricant layer and the lubricant layer are present as separate layers on the base body, for lubricating tribological systems that are metallic and / or not contain metallic materials, such as roller and plain bearings, gears,
  • Chains, sliding guides and joints in particular of wheel bearings from Motor vehicles, bearings in wind turbines and / or bearings with a high sliding component, such as rotating slide bearings, for example fan bearings, or linearly guided slide bearings, for example in knitting machines, axial cylindrical roller bearings, for example in adjusting and setting devices for heavy loads in mechanical engineering and / or of rotor bearings in wind power plants or of small gears, of metallic and / or non-metallic design and / or of ball joints, especially ball joints for use in the automotive sector.
  • rotating slide bearings for example fan bearings
  • linearly guided slide bearings for example in knitting machines
  • axial cylindrical roller bearings for example in adjusting and setting devices for heavy loads in mechanical engineering and / or of rotor bearings in wind power plants or of small gears, of metallic and / or non-metallic design and / or of ball joints, especially ball joints for use in the automotive sector.
  • the tribological systems have surfaces that contain metallic and / or non-metallic materials, preferably composite materials, aluminum, aluminum alloys, steel, stainless steel and cast materials, non-ferrous metals, plastics, fiber-reinforced plastics and / or polymers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système tribologique comprenant un corps de base et une lubrification sandwich, la lubrification sandwich présentant : une couche de matière lubrifiante solide exempte de liant comprenant une matière lubrifiante solide ; et une couche de lubrifiant comprenant un lubrifiant, la couche de matière lubrifiante solide exempte de liant et la couche de lubrifiant se présentant sous la forme de couches séparées disposées sur le corps de base, et le rapport massique entre matière lubrifiante solide et lubrifiant valant au maximum 0,05:1.
EP20797360.3A 2020-02-03 2020-11-05 Système tribologique Pending EP4100558A1 (fr)

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DE102020102645.5A DE102020102645A1 (de) 2020-02-03 2020-02-03 Tribologisches System
PCT/EP2020/081127 WO2021155968A1 (fr) 2020-02-03 2020-11-05 Système tribologique

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EP (1) EP4100558A1 (fr)
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JP7508567B2 (ja) 2024-07-01
US20230063820A1 (en) 2023-03-02
JP2023512306A (ja) 2023-03-24
US11905483B2 (en) 2024-02-20
US12325836B2 (en) 2025-06-10
US20240132796A1 (en) 2024-04-25
DE102020102645A1 (de) 2021-08-05
WO2021155968A1 (fr) 2021-08-12

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