EP4119765B1 - Échelle - Google Patents

Échelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4119765B1
EP4119765B1 EP22184921.9A EP22184921A EP4119765B1 EP 4119765 B1 EP4119765 B1 EP 4119765B1 EP 22184921 A EP22184921 A EP 22184921A EP 4119765 B1 EP4119765 B1 EP 4119765B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ladder
stringers
step elements
elements
plastic coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22184921.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4119765A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Schmitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4119765A1 publication Critical patent/EP4119765A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4119765B1 publication Critical patent/EP4119765B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C9/00—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes
    • E06C9/02—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes rigidly mounted
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/122—Steps or handrails for shafts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
    • E06C1/08—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part
    • E06C1/10—Sections fitted end to end
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/08—Special construction of longitudinal members, or rungs or other treads
    • E06C7/081—Rungs or other treads comprising anti-slip features
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/08—Special construction of longitudinal members, or rungs or other treads
    • E06C7/082—Connections between rungs or treads and longitudinal members
    • E06C7/084—Rungs comprising projecting tabs or flanges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ladder for accessing shafts, in particular sewage shafts, with two vertical, parallel bars made of a corrosion-resistant, weldable metal and a plurality of tread elements arranged vertically one above the other, which are made of a corrosion-resistant, weldable metal, wherein the tread elements are welded to the bars via two fastening points each and connect the two bars to one another, wherein the tread elements each have a horizontal tread area for accessing the tread elements.
  • the plastic coating forms contact surfaces of the tread elements on the bars, whereby the contact surfaces on the Fastening points allow the joining areas to be positioned in the receiving holes.
  • the tread elements With the plastic covers forming the contact surfaces of the tread elements on the stiles, the tread elements can be positioned particularly easily at the fastening points with the joining areas in the receiving holes. This makes it particularly easy to manufacture the ladder.
  • the bars are hollow, with the joining areas of the tread elements in the receiving holes protruding through the bars from a front to a back, with the tread elements being welded to the bars on the back and resting on the front with a clearance fit.
  • the welding of the tread elements on the back of the bars enables the tread elements on the front to simply rest in the receiving holes of the bars with a clearance fit.
  • the plastic coating extending to the front of the bars is sufficiently spaced from the welding of the tread elements on the bars so that the plastic coating is not damaged during welding.
  • the joining areas free of the plastic coating, which protrude through the hollow bars, ensure that the welding on the back of the bars is sufficiently spaced from the plastic coating of the tread elements on the front of the bars.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment is one in which the corrosion-resistant, weldable metal of the tread elements is overmolded with the plastic coating. Overmolding the tread elements made of metal makes it particularly easy to create an excellently holding plastic coating in the tread area of the tread elements. Overmolding the tread elements made of metal in the injection molding process ensures that the plastic coating is held firmly and precisely.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention relates to the fact that the plastic coating forms knob-like or web-like, profile-forming elevations in the tread area. It is particularly easy to form knobs or webs in the plastic coating as profile-forming elevations that can particularly effectively prevent slipping from the tread area.
  • the profile of the elevations creates a particularly high level of friction on the plastic coating in the tread area of the tread elements, so that the feet or hands of the ladder user can be effectively prevented from slipping, even in damp environments.
  • An advantageous design provides that the joining areas of the step elements do not penetrate the backs of the stiles at the fastening points and that the step elements are connected to the stiles at the fastening points via a build-up weld in the receiving holes.
  • the step elements can be easily attached to the fastening points in the stiles by a build-up weld. Since the joining areas do not penetrate the backs of the stiles, the joining areas or the build-up weld do not protrude or only slightly protrude from the backs of the stiles, so that the ladder on the stiles can be connected very flush with the shaft wall of the sewage shafts.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment is one in which the hollow stiles have a plurality of screw holes on the rear side for screwing the stiles to a shaft wall, with through holes concentric to the screw holes being formed on the front side of the stiles, which are larger than the screw holes.
  • the hollow design of the stiles makes it possible to achieve a light yet stable structure for the stiles of the ladder.
  • the stiles can be easily screwed to the shaft wall with the rear side through the through holes via the larger through holes in the front side of the stiles, which are arranged concentrically to the screw holes in the rear side. To do this, a screw and, for example, a tool for turning the screw can simply be passed through the through holes. This makes it particularly easy and safe to install the stiles of the ladder on the shaft wall.
  • the screw head arranged inside the stiles is also protected after screwing.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the spars are made of square profiles.
  • the square profiles form a front and a back in a particularly simple way, so that the ladder can be easily positioned on the shaft wall.
  • the Positioning of the square profiles and the tread elements is particularly easy.
  • the ladder has a connection system for connecting two ladders as described above and in more detail below, the connection system having a rectangular plate with a side length that corresponds to the diagonal inner dimension of the square profile of the stiles, the plate for connecting two ladders being insertable in the diagonal of a stile of a first ladder and a stile of a second ladder being able to be plugged onto the inserted plate of the connection system that partially protrudes from the stile of the first ladder.
  • This connection system makes it particularly easy to position two ladders one above the other in the sewage shaft, so that the assembly of the two ladders into a connected ladder system is particularly easy. Since a ladder can simply be plugged onto the protruding plate, the ladder system can be extended as desired using such connection systems, so that the ladder system made up of several ladders can easily bridge even larger height differences in the sewage shafts.
  • the corners of the plate are chamfered with centering bevels.
  • the centering bevels designed as a chamfer, the plate of the connection system can be inserted particularly easily into the stile of the first ladder and the positioning of the second ladder when plugging it onto the connection system is also made easier.
  • the centering bevels on the corners of the plate are designed the same everywhere, so that several mounting directions are possible when using the connection system.
  • a ladder according to the invention is shown with the reference number 1.
  • the ladder 1 is intended to make it easier to climb shafts, in particular sewage shafts. It has two vertical beams 2 running parallel to one another. These are advantageously made of a corrosion-resistant, weldable metal.
  • the ladder 1 has a plurality of tread elements 3 arranged vertically one above the other. These tread elements 3 are advantageously also made of a corrosion-resistant, weldable metal.
  • the tread elements 3 are each connected to one another via two fastening points 4 ( Fig. 6 ) welded to the stiles 2.
  • the step elements 3 thus connect the two stiles 2 of the ladder 1 to one another.
  • the step elements 3 each have a horizontal step area 5 for stepping on the step elements 3.
  • the preferably U-shaped Tread elements 3 can be designed in such a way that the two legs of the U-shape protrude from the horizontal plane defined by the section between the two legs towards the section between the legs, thus offering protection against sideways slipping from the tread area 5 formed between the legs.
  • Such a design of the tread elements 3 is particularly advantageous in view of the mostly moist, friction-reducing environment in channels.
  • at least the tread area 5 of the tread elements 3, and in the embodiment shown also the legs, are provided with a plastic coating 6 over the corrosion-resistant, weldable metal of the tread elements 3.
  • the plastic coating 6 is preferably made of polypropylene for this purpose.
  • the corrosion-resistant, weldable metal of the tread elements 3 is advantageously simply overmolded with the plastic coating 6 using an injection molding process.
  • the Figure 2 shows the ladder 1 according to Figure 1 in a top view.
  • the knob-like or rather web-like, profile-forming elevations 7 in the tread areas 5 can be seen, which are formed from the plastic coating 6 in the tread area 5 of the tread elements 3.
  • FIG 3 is an example of a top view of the right beam 2 of the ladder 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2 shown.
  • This top view shows a view of one of the stiles 2, which are preferably made of square profiles 15.
  • the corrosion-resistant, weldable metal of the step elements 3 is free of the plastic coating 6 in two joining areas 8 for fastening the step elements 3 to the stiles 2.
  • This can be achieved in the prefabrication of the step elements 3 when coating the corrosion-resistant, weldable metal in plastic injection molding simply by using a suitable mold that leaves out the joining areas 8.
  • the stiles 2 of the ladder 1 each have receiving holes 9 for receiving the free joining areas 8 at the fastening points 4 ( Fig. 6 ).
  • the plastic coating 6 does not form a load-bearing connection, so that even if the plastic coating 6 is damaged, the stability of the ladder 1 is not endangered.
  • Figure 4 is another top view of the exemplary spar 2 according to Figure 3 From this perspective, however, it can be seen that the plastic coating 6 forms contact surfaces 10 of the tread elements 3 on the bars 2.
  • the prefabricated tread elements 3, which are already covered with plastic 6, can be easily positioned via these contact surfaces 10 at the fastening points 4. This allows the joining areas 8 of the tread elements 3 to be easily arranged in the receiving holes 9 of the beams 2.
  • the Figure 5 represents the exemplary shown beam 2 according to Figure 3 and 4 in a rear view, so that the top fastening point 4 can be clearly seen.
  • the joining areas 8 of the tread elements 3 in the receiving holes 9 protrude through the hollow bars 2 from a front side 11 to a back side 12.
  • the tread elements 3 are welded to the bars 2 on the back side 12 and rest on the front side 11 in a clearance fit in the receiving holes 9.
  • the joining areas 8 of the tread elements 3 do not penetrate the bars 2.
  • the tread elements 3 are connected here at the joining areas 8 via build-up welds in the receiving holes 9 to the bars 2 at the fastening points 4.
  • the joining areas 9 or the build-up welds at the fastening points 4 do not protrude or, as in Figure 5 As can be seen, it barely protrudes from the back 12 of the uprights 2, so that the ladder 1 on the uprights 2 can be connected very flush with the shaft wall of the sewage shafts.
  • FIG 6 is a rear view of the Figure 1
  • the ladder 1 shown from the front is shown.
  • the screw holes 13 in the beams 2 can also be seen.
  • the use of at least four screw holes 13 is sufficient. Thanks to the large selection of available screw holes 13, there is a high degree of flexibility when fastening the ladder 1 to the shaft wall. If the shaft wall of the shaft in which the ladder 1 according to the invention is to be installed has projections and undercuts, it is sensible to arrange spacers between the ladder 1 and the shaft wall to bridge differences in the distance level.
  • FIG. 7 shows that in the bars 2 at the back 13 ( Fig. 6 ) Screw holes 13 are set in for screwing the beams 2 to a shaft wall.
  • screw holes 13 are set in for screwing the beams 2 to a shaft wall.
  • concentric feedthrough holes 14 are formed with the screw holes 13, which are larger than the screw holes 13. Thanks to the larger feedthrough holes 14 in the front side 11 of the beams 2, the beams 2 can be easily screwed to the shaft wall with the back through the feedthrough holes 14. A screw and, for example, a tool for turning the screw can easily be passed through the feedthrough holes 14.
  • the Figure 8 shows a single view of a connection system 16 for connecting two conductors, as shown in the Figures 1 to 7
  • the connection system 16 is formed by a rectangular plate 17, which has a side length 18 corresponding to the diagonal inner dimension 19 ( Fig. 9 ) of the square profile 15 ( Fig. 9 ) of the spars 2 ( Fig. 9 ) corresponds.
  • the plate 17 is used as shown in Figure 9 or even in Figure 2 shown in the diagonal of a spar 2 of a first ladder 1 ( Fig. 2 ) is inserted.
  • the beam 2 of a second ladder 1 can thus simply be placed on the inserted one, made from the beam 2 of the first ladder 1, as shown in Figure 9 see, partially protruding plate 17 of the connection system 16 can be attached.
  • the corners of the plate 17 are chamfered with centering bevels 20.
  • the chamfer of the centering bevels 20 allows the plate 17 of the connection system 16 particularly easy to insert into the beam 2 of the first ladder 1 and the positioning of the second ladder 1 when plugging it onto the connection system 16 is also made easier.
  • the centering bevels 20 at the corners of the plate 17 are designed the same everywhere, so that several mounting directions are possible when using the connection system 16 shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Échelle (1) pour accéder à des puits, notamment à des puits d'eaux usées, avec deux montants (2) verticaux s'étendant parallèlement l'un à l'autre en un métal soudable résistant à la corrosion et une pluralité d'éléments de marche (3) agencés verticalement les uns au-dessus des autres, qui sont formés en un métal soudable résistant à la corrosion, les éléments de marche (3) étant soudés sur les montants (2) par l'intermédiaire de deux points de fixation (4) respectifs et reliant les deux montants (2) entre eux, les éléments de marche (3) présentant chacun une zone de marche (5) horizontale pour marcher sur les éléments de marche (3),
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'au moins la zone de marche (5) des éléments de marche (3) présente un revêtement en matière plastique (6) au-dessus du métal soudable résistant à la corrosion des éléments de marche (3), le métal soudable résistant à la corrosion des éléments de marche (3) étant dépourvu du revêtement en matière plastique (6) dans deux zones d'assemblage (8) pour la fixation des éléments de marche (3) sur les montants (2), les montants (2) présentant chacun des trous de réception (9) pour recevoir les zones d'assemblage (8) au niveau des points de fixation (4), le revêtement en matière plastique (6) formant respectivement des surfaces d'appui (10) des éléments de marche (3) sur les montants (2), les surfaces d'appui (10) au niveau des points de fixation (4) provoquant un positionnement des zones d'assemblage (8) dans les trous de réception (9), les montants (2) étant réalisés creux, les zones d'assemblage (8) des éléments de marche (3) dans les trous de réception (9) traversant les montants (2) depuis un côté avant (11) jusqu'à un côté arrière (12), les éléments de marche (3) étant soudés aux montants (2) sur le côté arrière (12) et reposant sur le côté avant (11) dans un ajustement avec jeu.
  2. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement en matière plastique (6) est constitué de polypropylène.
  3. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le métal soudable résistant à la corrosion des éléments de marche (3) est surmoulé avec le revêtement en matière plastique (6).
  4. Échelle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement en matière plastique (6) forme dans la zone de marche (5) des protubérances (7) de type picots ou de type nervures formant un profil.
  5. Échelle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les zones d'assemblage (8) des éléments de marche (3) ne traversent pas les côtés arrière (12) des montants (2) au niveau des points de fixation (4) et en ce que les éléments de marche (3) sont reliés aux montants (2) au niveau des points de fixation (4) par l'intermédiaire d'un rechargement par soudage dans les trous de réception (9).
  6. Échelle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que sur les montants (2), entre chaque élément de marche (11) fixé, est agencé un trou de vissage (13) pour le vissage des montants (2) sur une paroi de puits.
  7. Échelle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les montants (2) sont réalisés creux, les montants (2) présentant sur un côté arrière (12) plusieurs trous de vissage (13) pour le vissage des montants (2) sur une paroi de puits, des trous de passage (14) concentriques aux trous de vissage (13) étant formés sur un côté avant (11) des montants (2), lesquels sont réalisés plus grands que les trous de vissage (13).
  8. Échelle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les montants (2) sont formés de profilés carrés (15).
  9. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que l'échelle (1) présente un système de liaison (16), le système de liaison (16) présentant une plaque rectangulaire (17), la plaque (17) pouvant être utilisée pour relier deux échelles (1), la plaque (17) ayant une longueur de côté (18) qui correspond à la dimension intérieure diagonale (19) du profilé carré (15) des montants (2), la plaque (17) pouvant être insérée dans la diagonale d'un montant (2) d'une première échelle (1) pour relier deux échelles (1) et un montant (2) d'une deuxième échelle (1) pouvant être enfiché sur la plaque (17) du système de liaison (16) insérée, dépassant partiellement du montant (2) de la première échelle (1).
  10. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les coins de la plaque (17) sont chanfreinés avec des biseaux de centrage (20).
EP22184921.9A 2021-07-15 2022-07-14 Échelle Active EP4119765B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202021103802.0U DE202021103802U1 (de) 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Leiter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4119765A1 EP4119765A1 (fr) 2023-01-18
EP4119765B1 true EP4119765B1 (fr) 2025-01-22

Family

ID=80351753

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22184921.9A Active EP4119765B1 (fr) 2021-07-15 2022-07-14 Échelle

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Country Link
EP (1) EP4119765B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202021103802U1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4842784A (en) * 1986-07-30 1989-06-27 Miyama Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing a climbing step with embedded reflection plate

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5833700U (ja) * 1981-08-31 1983-03-04 東京通信工材株式会社 マンホ−ル等用梯子
JP3066954B2 (ja) * 1997-05-19 2000-07-17 三山工業株式会社 マンホ―ル用足掛具の取付構造
DE20106892U1 (de) * 2001-04-20 2001-06-28 Stahlbau Kurt Klatetzki GmbH & Co.KG, 58739 Wickede Schachteinstieg und Steigleiter
DE20107005U1 (de) 2001-04-23 2001-08-16 Schmitz, Thomas, Dipl.-Ing., 45711 Datteln Schachtleiter
KR200317220Y1 (ko) * 2003-04-04 2003-06-25 주식회사 한국미야마 구조물 사다리용 스텝
CN209924904U (zh) * 2019-01-04 2020-01-10 中建七局第四建筑有限公司 一种钢筋爬梯装置

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4842784A (en) * 1986-07-30 1989-06-27 Miyama Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing a climbing step with embedded reflection plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4119765A1 (fr) 2023-01-18
DE202021103802U1 (de) 2022-02-07

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