EP4158355A2 - Bestimmung krankheitsspezifischer protein-aggregate in stuhlproben - Google Patents
Bestimmung krankheitsspezifischer protein-aggregate in stuhlprobenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4158355A2 EP4158355A2 EP21728223.5A EP21728223A EP4158355A2 EP 4158355 A2 EP4158355 A2 EP 4158355A2 EP 21728223 A EP21728223 A EP 21728223A EP 4158355 A2 EP4158355 A2 EP 4158355A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- beta
- alpha
- synuclein
- aggregates
- probes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
- G01N33/6896—Neurological disorders, e.g. Alzheimer's disease
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/531—Production of immunochemical test materials
- G01N33/532—Production of labelled immunochemicals
- G01N33/533—Production of labelled immunochemicals with fluorescent label
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/46—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- G01N2333/47—Assays involving proteins of known structure or function as defined in the subgroups
- G01N2333/4701—Details
- G01N2333/4709—Amyloid plaque core protein
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/28—Neurological disorders
- G01N2800/2814—Dementia; Cognitive disorders
- G01N2800/2821—Alzheimer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining disease-specific protein aggregates in stool samples, in particular based on the selective quantification of, for example, alpha-synuclein or amyloid-beta (A-beta) aggregates comprising the immobilization of alpha-synuclein or A beta capture molecules on a substrate, application of the sample to be examined to the substrate, addition of probes marked for detection, which mark them by specific binding to alpha-synuclein or A-beta aggregates, and detection of the labeled aggregates.
- A-beta amyloid-beta
- New rodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD, for example, belong to a heterogeneous group of clinical conditions, the common criterion of which in many cases (but not exclusively) is the aggregation and deposition of a specific protein in the ordered conformation of the beta sheet structure.
- AD and PD are an ever greater problem in today's society, as more and more people are affected by the increased life expectancy and the disease thus affects the social security systems and their financial sustainability.
- A-beta peptide deposits are found in the brain and in PD, alpha-synuclein deposits.
- the A-beta peptide deposits (or peptide fibrils), however, only represent the end stage of a process that begins with the cleavage of monomeric A-beta peptides from APP (amyloid precursor protein), subsequently forms neurotoxic A-beta peptide oligomers and finally or alternatively ends with A-beta peptide fibrils.
- the main pathological feature of AD is the formation of senile or amyloid plaques, consisting of the A-beta peptide and neurofibrium deposits from the tau protein.
- the precursor protein of the A-beta peptide, APP is located in the cell wall of neurons.
- A-beta fragments of different lengths and types such as A-beta 1-40 (A-beta 40), A-beta 1-42 (A-beta 42) or pGluA-beta 3- 42.
- Such monomeric A-beta peptides arise throughout life, even in a healthy organism.
- the A-beta deposits in the form of plaques are the trigger for the symptoms of the disease.
- various studies have indicated that the small, freely diffusing A-beta oligomers in particular have the greatest toxicity and are responsible for the development and progress of AD.
- aggregates of the A-beta peptide are directly linked to AD pathogenesis.
- New rodegenerative diseases are usually diagnosed on the basis of neurological examinations.
- imaging methods such as positron emission tomography (PET) for AD or DaTscan for PD can be used to support the diagnosis.
- Laboratory diagnostic methods such as ELISA usually detect changes in the concentration of one or more substances in body fluids such as liquor, blood, plasma, serum, saliva or urine caused by illness.
- the ratio of A-beta 42 to A-beta 40 or the amount of phosphorylated tau can also be determined from CSF samples using ELISA.
- an absolutely reliable diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disease is often only possible post-mortem through the histopathological detection of disease-specific protein aggregates in the central nervous system, for which tissue sections of the brain are required.
- the neurological diagnosis of new rodegenerative diseases can often be incorrect in the early stages of these diseases or not recognize them at all because the symptoms of the disease are only weakly pronounced at the early stages of the disease.
- Imaging methods such as PET or DaTscan are not available everywhere and are expensive, and only a few specific neurodegenerative diseases such as AD or PD can be diagnosed with imaging methods. Above all, taking cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples is invasive and the former is usually very painful for patients.
- the amounts of various substances in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid of patients were examined and their use as biomarkers was analyzed.
- One of these substances is the A-beta peptide.
- the most reliable method appeared to be the determination of the A-beta peptide content in the CSF of patients over a period of 6-24 months. To do this, however, several CSF withdrawals are necessary over a long period of time.
- Sandwich ELISA measurements serve as a further detection method.
- A-beta-specific antibodies are used to immobilize the A-beta oligomers.
- the same antibodies are then also used for detection.
- monomers do not lead to a signal because the antibody binding site is already occupied by the capture molecules.
- Specific signals are therefore only generated by dimers or larger oligomers.
- such a method only enables the quantification of the sum of all aggregates present in a sample and not the characterization of individual aggregates.
- the ELISA-based methods also lack the necessary sensitivity.
- the disease-specific protein aggregates mentioned could be a direct biomarker for the respective disease. Diagnostic evidence, however, poses a technical challenge, as these proteins are also produced in a healthy organism. Any detection method must therefore be insensitive to a large excess of normally folded, monomeric protein.
- DE 10 2011 057 021 A1 describes a method for characterizing and quantifying pathogenic aggregates or oligomers in tissues and body fluids. The disadvantage here, however, is that biopsies are often necessary to examine tissue and body fluids (e.g. for blood or liquor examinations), which is sometimes painful, but at least uncomfortable for the patient, and, as a rule, medical staff for taking samples necessary is.
- biomarker for protein aggregation disorders, in particular AD and PD, and an ultra-sensitive method for quantifying and characterizing A-beta and alpha-synuclein aggregates.
- characterizing the biomarker i.e. determining the number, amount and / or size of this substance (biomarker) in an endogenous sample that is not a fluid or tissue, an exact diagnosis of the disease and / or information about the course of the disease and the condition is intended of the patient.
- Yet another object of the present invention was to provide a method for the selective quantification of pathogenic aggregates which cause and / or characterize a protein aggregation disease, in particular A-beta and alpha-synuclein aggregates of any size and composition, A-beta and To make available alpha-synuclein oligomers and at the same time also small, freely diffusing A-beta and alpha-synuclein oligomers.
- An essential part of the present invention consists in the diagnosis of new rodegenerative diseases based on the analysis of stool samples.
- Stool samples are neither a biopsy nor a body fluid.
- the advantage of taking a stool sample is that it is non-invasive and therefore painless.
- stool samples can be collected without the presence of a doctor.
- the stool samples can also be sent for laboratory analysis without the patient having to appear in person at a doctor or in a laboratory.
- disease-specific protein aggregates are determined simply, reliably and in the most comfortable manner possible for patients, in particular avoiding the need for biopsies and / or the need to consult medical personnel by examining stool samples can be.
- the present invention therefore particularly relates to methods for the selective quantification of protein aggregates in stool samples as biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases.
- the present invention also relates to a method for the selective quantification and / or characterization of A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates in stool samples, comprising the following steps: a) Providing a substrate on which the capture molecules are immobilized, b) applying the stool sample to be examined to the substrate, c) adding probes marked for detection which mark them by specific binding to A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates , and d) Detection of the marked aggregates by means of high spatial resolution in which each event is determined against the respective background.
- characterization of the A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates or A-beta or alpha-synuclein oligomers means determining the shape, size and / or composition.
- A-beta or alpha-synuclein oligomers denotes both A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates and A-beta or alpha-synuclein oligomers and also small, freely diffusing A. beta or alpha synuclein oligomers.
- an oligomer is a polymer formed from 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 monomers or multiples of that.
- capture molecules are immobilized on the substrate in order to capture and fix the A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates.
- a material is selected as the substrate which has the lowest possible, unspecific binding capacity, in particular with regard to A-beta or alpha-synuclein oligomers.
- a substrate made of glass is selected.
- the capture molecules are antibodies which, in variants of the present invention, are not immobilized covalently, but via hydrophilic and ionic interactions between the capture molecule and substrate surface or covalently via poly-D-lysine, polyethylene glycol (PEG) or dextran.
- the glass surface is aminated for this purpose, in particular with 3-aminopropyltrietoxysilane (APTES) via the gas phase with toluene and under an argon atmosphere.
- APTES 3-aminopropyltrietoxysilane
- N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) -functionalized PEG or NHS-functionalized dextran can then be attached to the amines on the glass surface bind covalently.
- the capture molecule can be immobilized in variants in the same way, in that the carboxyl groups of PEG or dextran are activated via EDC and NHS.
- the activated carboxylic acid thus binds amine groups of the capture molecule covalently to the glass surface. Remaining activated carboxylic acid groups can be inactivated via a quench step.
- the capture molecules can be immobilized via bioaffine systems such as protein-G / A, His-Tag or biotin-avidin, for example by coating the glass surface with protein-G / A, which is then specifically Can bind mouse antibodies as a capture molecule.
- bioaffine systems such as protein-G / A, His-Tag or biotin-avidin
- the anti-A-beta or alpha-synuclein antibodies specifically bind an epitope of the A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates.
- the epitope has an amino acid sequence of the amino-terminal part of the A-beta peptide, selected from the subregions A-beta 1-11, A-beta 3-11, or pyroGluA-beta 3-11, for example the human N-terminal epitope with the following sequence: DAEFRHDSGYE (1-11).
- a blocking step is preferably carried out after the incubation with the capture molecule in order to minimize unspecific bonds between the stool sample and the glass surface that is still free.
- the substrate covered with capture molecules is wetted with suitable solutions known to the person skilled in the art.
- a solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) is used for this.
- the stool sample to be measured and pretreated is incubated on the substrate prepared in this way.
- the stool sample is pretreated using one or more of the following methods:
- enzymes e.g. proteases, nuclease, lipases
- Customary buffer solutions are suitable for homogenization. Examples of this are Tris-buffered saline solutions (TBS) or phosphate-buffered saline solutions (PBS - phosphate-buffered saline), which are commercially available as standard solutions. These buffer solutions can be mixed with BSA in variants.
- the buffer solutions also contain antimicrobially active substances in addition to the buffer substance.
- these are antibacterial and antifungal substances.
- antibacterial and antifungal substances include azides such as sodium azide, isothiazoline derivatives such as 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one or 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, or combinations of these substances.
- An example of a commercially available product is ProClin TM 300 from Sigma-Aldrich (containing 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one).
- a particularly preferred variant of the present invention is to homogenize the stool sample in a first buffer consisting of TBS with ProClin 300 and BSA, then centrifuging it and then diluting the supernatant in a second buffer consisting of TBS or PBS with BSA, detergent and sodium azide.
- A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates are marked by probes which are marked for later detection.
- anti-A-beta or alpha-synuclein antibodies are used as probes.
- Capture molecules and probes can be identical.
- capture molecules and probes differ.
- different anti-A-beta or alpha-synuclein antibodies can be used as capture molecules and probes.
- identical capture molecules are used used.
- catcher molecules can be specific amino acid sequences of the A-beta or alpha-synuclein peptide, e.g. A-beta 1-40 / 42, pyroGluA-beta 3-40 / 42 or pyroGluA-beta 11-40 / 42.
- Different molecules can also be used as probes, e.g. different anti-A-beta or alpha-synuclein antibodies.
- capture molecules labeled with fluorescent dyes can be used.
- a dye is preferably used which does not interfere with the detection. This enables a subsequent control of the structure as well as a normalization of the measurement results.
- sample vessels in stock which are already prepared by surface coating and fixation of capture molecules and then only have to be used for the examination of a stool sample; it is therefore not absolutely necessary to produce the substrates immediately before each stool sample analysis.
- stool samples can be stored or frozen before testing. This makes it possible to carry out analyzes on old samples.
- anti-A-beta antibodies which bind specifically to the N-terminal epitope of the A-beta peptide or alpha-synuclein antibodies which bind to phosphorylated serine 129 on alpha-synuclein are used as probes tie.
- the probes are characterized in such a way that they emit an optically detectable signal, selected from the group consisting of fluorescence, bioluminescence and chemiluminescence emissions.
- the probes can also be designed in such a way that the optically detectable signal is a change in their absorption spectrum.
- the probes are labeled with dyes.
- dyes Preferably it is here to fluorescent dyes.
- the probes can differ both in terms of their specific binding to the A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates and in terms of their different labeling, e.g. by fluorescent dyes.
- probes with one another which are suitable for using FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) as detection.
- FRET Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
- A-beta or alpha-synuclein monomers can in particular be excluded if the probe and capture molecule are identical, or if both recognize an overlapping epitope.
- probes are used that are specific for a certain A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregate species, such as A-beta (x-40), A-beta (x-42) or pyro- Glutamate-A-beta (3-x), pyro-glutamate-A-beta (11-x) or alpha-synuclein phosphorylated on serine 129.
- X is an integer, natural number between 1 and 40 or 42, the person skilled in the art determining the length of the sequence to be used on the basis of his knowledge of the sequence of the A-beta peptide.
- probes can be used which are specific for certain A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregate forms, such as A-II or 1-11.
- A-beat or alpha-synuclein peptides, labeled with fluorescent dyes, can be used as probes.
- the sample to be examined is a stool sample.
- the stool samples can go through different processing steps known to the person skilled in the art.
- the sample is homogenized in a first buffer made of TBS with ProClin 300 and BSA and then centrifuged, and the supernatant is then diluted in a second buffer made of TBS or PBS with BSA, detergent and sodium azide.
- the present invention thus also provides a method for determining the composition, size and / or shape of A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates in stool samples.
- the process steps mentioned and described above are used here.
- the marked aggregates are detected by scanning or other types of surface imaging.
- the detection is preferably carried out with confocal fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), in particular in combination with cross-correlation and single-particle immunosolvent laser scanning assay and / or laser scanning microscope (LSM).
- FCS fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
- LSM laser scanning microscope
- the detection is carried out with a confocal laser scanning microscope.
- a laser focus such as is used, for example, in laser scanning microscopy or an FCS (Fluorescense Correlation Spectroscopy System) is used for this purpose, as well as the corresponding super-resolution variants such as STED or SIM.
- detection can be carried out using a TI RF microscope, as well as the corresponding super-resolution variants such as STORM or dSTORM.
- a high spatial resolution is advantageous for the detection.
- so many data points are collected that it is possible to detect an aggregate in front of a background signal, which is caused, for example, by device-specific noise or other unspecific signals or unspecifically bound probes.
- a background signal which is caused, for example, by device-specific noise or other unspecific signals or unspecifically bound probes.
- readout values as there are spatially resolved events such as pixels. Due to the spatial resolution, each event is determined against the respective background and thus represents an advantage over ELISA methods.
- the information ie the read-out values
- the information is multiplied, since separate information is obtained for each point, for each aggregate or for each detection event, depending on the respective probe that delivers the signal. So for every event the Signal specificity increased.
- its composition can also be determined for each detected aggregate, i.e. the type of aggregate, such as A-beta (1-40), A-beta (1-42), pyro-glutamate-A-beta (3-40 / 42, 11-40 / 42) or mixtures thereof.
- the number of different probes is in principle only limited by possible interference from the fluorescent dyes to be used. 1, 2, 3, 4 or more different probe-dye combinations can be used.
- Spatially resolved information is essential for the evaluation according to the method according to the invention described above. This can be, for example, the type and / or intensity of the fluorescence.
- the number of aggregates, their shape, size and / or their composition is determined according to the invention.
- Information about the size of the oligomers can be obtained directly or indirectly, depending on whether the particles are smaller or larger than the spatial resolution of the imaging method used; in one embodiment, algorithms can be used to minimize background and / or intensity threshold values can be applied.
- the dyes known to the person skilled in the art can be used as fluorescent dyes.
- GFP Green Fluorescent Protein
- conjugates and / or fusion proteins thereof, as well as quantum dots can be used.
- test results can be objectively compared with one another and are therefore meaningful.
- At least one, preferably one, internal or at least one, preferably one, external standard is used, in particular for the quantification of A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates.
- both at least one, preferably one, internal standard and at least one, preferably one, external standard are used, which can further increase the accuracy.
- the method according to the invention is a so-called surface FIDA (surface FIDA - sFIDA).
- surface FIDA surface FIDA - sFIDA
- the method according to the invention also enables the precise analysis of the small, freely diffusible A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates. Due to their size, which is below their resolution for light microscopes, it was difficult to distinguish these small A-beta or alpha-synuclein oligomers from the background fluorescence (caused e.g. by unspecifically bound antibodies).
- the method according to the invention also shows a linearity with regard to the number of A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates over a large range.
- Another object of the preliminary invention is the use of the small, freely diffusible A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates as biomarkers for the detection and recognition of protein aggregation diseases, in particular AD and PD, in stool samples.
- the invention also relates to a method for the detection and / or detection of protein aggregation disorders, in particular AD and PD, characterized in that a stool sample from a patient is analyzed using the method according to the invention described above.
- Characteristic protein misfolding disease are characterized in that a polymer is built up from polypeptide sequences that are identical in terms of their sequence in the corresponding sub-area with the body's own proteins or have a homology of at least 50% over the corresponding sub-area with the body's proteins that have a protein aggregation disease or amyloid degeneration or
- a generally valid and accepted, fixed reference value is referred to, which is used to compare and determine properties and / or amount, in particular to determine the size and amount of pathogenic aggregates from endogenous proteins.
- the standard within the meaning of the present invention can used to calibrate devices and / or measurements.
- protein aggregation disease can also be used to summarize amyloid degenerations and protein misfolding diseases.
- diseases and the associated endogenous proteins are: A-beta and tau protein for AD, alpha-synuclein for PD or prion protein.
- Protein for prion diseases such as human Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD), sheep disease scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE).
- homologous sequences in the context of the invention means that an amino acid sequence has an identity with an amino acid sequence from an endogenous pathogenic aggregate or oligomer that causes a protein aggregation disease of at least 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74 , 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 , 100%.
- identity the terms “homologous” or “homology” are used synonymously in the present description.
- the identity between two nucleic acid sequences or polypeptide sequences is determined by comparison with the aid of the BESTFIT program based on the algorithm of Smith, TF and Waterman, MS (Adv. Appl. Math. 2: 482-489 (1981)) calculated using the following parameters for amino acids: Gap creation penalty: 8 and Gap extension penalty: 2; and the following parameter for nucleic acids: Gap creation penalty: 50 and gap extension penalty: 3.
- the identity between two nucleic acid sequences or polypeptide sequences is defined by the identity of the nucleic acid sequence / polypeptide sequence over the respective entire sequence length, as determined by comparison with the aid of the GAP program based on the algorithm by Needleman, S.B. and Wunsch, C.D. (J. Mol. Biol. 48: 443-453) is calculated by setting the following parameters for amino acids: Gap creation penalty: 8 and Gap extension penalty: 2; and the following parameters for nucleic acids Gap creation penalty: 50 and Gap extension penalty: 3.
- two amino acid sequences are identical if they have the same amino acid sequence.
- corresponding sub-region of endogenous proteins is to be understood as meaning that peptide sequence which, according to the definitions according to the invention, is an identical or homologous peptide sequence of a monomer from which the standards according to the invention are built.
- the standards do not aggregate, preferably through the use of monomeric polypeptide sequences that do not aggregate, since the "corresponding sub-area" of the body's own proteins is not responsible for the aggregation, or that by blocking the for the aggregation do not aggregate responsible groups.
- Particles which consist of several, preferably identical, building blocks that are not covalently linked to one another and / or non-covalent aggregations of several monomers.
- the standards have a precisely defined number of epitopes which are covalently linked to one another (directly or via amino acids, spacers and / or functional groups) for the binding of the corresponding probes.
- Probes for the purposes of the invention are selected from the group consisting of: antibodies, nanobody and affibody. As already shown, different probes can be combined with one another within the scope of the present invention.
- the number of epitopes is determined by using a polypeptide sequence that is identical in terms of its sequence to that part of the body's own proteins that forms an epitope or has a homology of at least 50% with this part, and the biological Possesses activity of the epitope.
- the epitopes are epitopes of the A-beta peptide selected from the sub-areas A-beta 1-11, A-beta 3-11 or pyroGluA-beta 3-11, for example human N -terminal epitopes (with the following sequence: DAEFRHDSGYE (1-11).
- the epitopes for alpha-synuclein are the human full-length protein.
- the standard molecule according to the invention is preferably a polymer from the polypeptide sequences defined above.
- an oligomer is a polymer formed from 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 monomers (under The above polypeptide sequence is to be understood as a monomer), or multiples thereof, preferably 2 to 16, 4 to 16, 8 to 16, particularly preferably 8 or 16, or multiples thereof.
- the standards are water soluble.
- the standards according to the invention are built up from the same polypeptide sequences.
- the standards according to the invention are built up from different polypeptide sequences.
- polypeptide sequences as defined above are strung together in a linear conformation.
- polypeptide sequences as defined above are strung together to form a branched oligomer according to the invention.
- polypeptide sequences as defined above are strung together to form a cross-linked oligomer according to the invention.
- Branched or cross-linked oligomers according to the invention can be produced by linking individual building blocks by means of lysine or by means of click chemistry.
- the invention relates to a standard molecule, containing or composed of copies of the amino-terminal part of the A-beta peptide, selected from the sub-areas A-beta 1- 11, A-beta 3-11, or pyroGluA-beta 3-11, e.g. the human N-terminal epitope (with the following sequence: DAEFRHDSGYE (1-11).
- the multiplication of the epitopes by functional groups can be carried out before or after the synthesis of the individual building blocks.
- the covalent linkage of the polypeptide sequences is characteristic of the standards according to the invention.
- polypeptide sequences to be used in variants according to the invention can be identical to the sequence of the A-beta full-length peptide or show a homology of 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 , 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100% with the sequence of the A-beta full-length peptide.
- the standards are constructed as dendrimers.
- the dendrimers according to the invention are built up from the above-described polypeptide sequences to be used according to the invention and can contain a central framework molecule.
- the dendrimers according to the invention contain polypeptide sequences which have a sequence which is identical to a part of the A-beta peptide or which shows at least 50% homology to the corresponding part.
- the term at least 50% homology is also to be understood as meaning a higher homology, selected from the group consisting of 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79 , 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100%.
- Standards advantageously with higher solubility in water than pathogenic aggregates or oligomers from endogenous proteins, are formed in one embodiment of the invention from polypeptide sequences which are identical to the N-terminal region of the A-beta peptide or at least 50% homology to show.
- the amino acid sequence A-beta 1-8, A-beta 1-11, A-beta 1-16, A-beta 3-11 or pyroGluA-beta 3- 11 to understand.
- a standard molecule according to the invention can contain epitopes for at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more different probes.
- Epitopes characteristic of different probes can be incorporated into the standards according to the invention in that polypeptide sequences are used which are identical to different regions of the A-beta peptide, or have at least 50% homology thereto, but have the activity of the corresponding epitope.
- polypeptide sequences are used for this which are identical or have at least 50% homology with the N-terminal region of the A-beta polypeptide, as well as polypeptide sequences which are identical or at least 50% homology with the C-terminus of the A beta polypeptide.
- the standard molecules contain so-called spacers.
- a spacer is to be understood as a molecule which is incorporated into the standard molecule via covalent bonds and which has certain physical and / or chemical properties by means of which the properties of the standard molecule are changed.
- hydrophilic or hydrophobic, preferably hydrophilic spacers are used. Hydrophilic spacers are preferably selected from the group of molecules formed from PEG, sugar, glycerine, poly-L-lysine or beta-alanine.
- the standards according to the invention contain (further) functional groups.
- Functional groups are to be understood as meaning molecules that are covalently bound to the standard molecules.
- the functional groups contain biotin groups. This enables a strong covalent bond to streptavidin. Standard molecules containing biotin groups can thus be bound to molecules containing streptavidin groups. If the standard molecules according to the invention contain biotin and / or streptavidin groups, larger standards can be assembled in this way or several, possibly different standard molecules, can be bound to a framework.
- the standard molecules contain dyes for spectrophotometric determination and / or aromatic amino acids.
- Aromatic amino acids are e.g. tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine or histidine, or selected from this group.
- tryptophan e.g. tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine or histidine, or selected from this group.
- tryptophan e.g. tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine or histidine, or selected from this group.
- the present invention further relates to dendrimers containing polypeptides which, with regard to their sequence, are identical in the corresponding sub-region to the endogenous proteins or have a homology of at least 50% over the corresponding sub-range with the endogenous proteins that characterize a protein aggregation disease, for use in the examination of stool samples.
- the dendrimers can contain any of the above-described features of the standards or any combination thereof.
- Dendrimers containing a precisely defined number of epitopes for the covalent binding of probes are precisely defined numbers of epitopes for the covalent binding of probes
- Dendrimers characterized in that they have a higher solubility in water than the pathogenic aggregates from endogenous proteins, which characterize a protein aggregation disease,
- Dendrimers containing dyes for spectrophotometric determination and / or aromatic amino acids are Dendrimers containing dyes for spectrophotometric determination and / or aromatic amino acids.
- the present invention also relates to a method of making a standard as described above for use in stool specimen examinations.
- the standard according to the invention is produced by means of peptide synthesis or recombinant methods, which are known to the person skilled in the art.
- Another object of the present invention is the use of a standard described above or a dendrimer described above for the quantification in stool samples of pathogenic aggregates or oligomers from endogenous proteins which characterize a protein aggregation disease.
- the standard is used to quantify A-beta oligomers in stool samples.
- the standards according to the invention are used for calibration in the sFIDA method, ELISA (sandwich ELISA) or FACS.
- the present invention relates to a kit for the analysis of stool samples which comprises the standards according to the invention.
- the compounds and / or components of the kit of the present invention can be packaged in containers, optionally with / in buffers and / or solution. Alternatively, some components can be packaged in the same container. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components could be adsorbed to a solid support such as a glass plate, chip or nylon membrane, or to the well of a microtiter plate.
- the kit may also contain instructions for using the kit for any of the embodiments.
- the standards are used to quantify pathogenic aggregates or oligomers from endogenous proteins in stool samples by: in a first step the standards or the dendrimers are labeled with probes and the
- the number of probes bound to the standards or dendrimers is determined, in a second step pathogenic aggregates or oligomers from endogenous proteins that characterize a protein aggregation disease are marked with probes, and the number of probes binding to a pathogenic aggregate or oligomer is determined in in a third step, the number of probes binding to a standard or dendrimer in each case
- Step 1 is compared with that from step 2, and in a fourth step the number and size of the oligomers in the stool sample are determined.
- the standards according to the invention are used for the calibration of the sFIDA method.
- the body's own pathogenic aggregates from stool samples eg A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates
- a capture molecule In the case of A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates, an N-terminal capture molecule can be used for this purpose.
- the aggregates are labeled with two different probes.
- A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates for example, A-beta or alpha-synuclein antibodies are used, both of which are bound via an N-terminal binding epitope.
- the detection probes are marked with, preferably different, fluorescent dyes. This makes them visible in the microscope, e.g. laser scanning microscope.
- a monomer detection of endogenous polypeptides is excluded by using three different or three differently labeled probes which bind to a similar or the same epitope in the test system.
- the detection of monomers can be excluded by not evaluating signals with a lower intensity due to an intensity cut-off. Since larger aggregates have several binding sites for the two probes marked with different dyes, a monomer detection can alternatively or additionally be excluded by cross-correlating these signals.
- the standards according to the invention can be used as internal or external standards in the measurement.
- the present invention therefore also provides a kit for the selective quantification of a-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates in stool samples according to the method described above.
- a kit can contain one or more of the following components:
- Substrate made of glass which can be coated with a hydrophilic substance, preferably a dextran layer, particularly preferably made of CMD;
- the compounds and / or components of the kit of the present invention can be packaged in containers, optionally with / in buffers and / or solution. Alternatively, some components can be packaged in the same container. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components could be adsorbed to a solid support such as a glass plate, chip or nylon membrane, or to the well of a microtiter plate.
- the kit may also contain instructions for using the kit for any of the embodiments.
- the capture molecules described above are immobilized on the substrate.
- the kit can also contain solutions and / or buffers. To protect the dextran surface and / or the capture molecules immobilized on it, they can be covered with a solution or a buffer.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the method according to the invention for the diagnosis, early diagnosis and / or prognosis of AD or PD by examining stool samples.
- Another object of the present invention is the use of the method according to the invention for monitoring therapies for AD or PD and for monitoring and / or checking the effectiveness of active ingredients and / or healing methods by examining stool samples. This can be used for clinical tests, studies as well as therapy monitoring. For this purpose, samples are measured according to the method according to the invention and the results are compared.
- Another object of the present invention is the use of the method according to the invention and the biomarkers to decide whether a person is to be included in a clinical study.
- stool samples are measured according to the method according to the invention and the decision is made with regard to a limit value.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for determining the effectiveness of active ingredients and / or healing methods by means of the method according to the invention, in which the results of stool samples are compared with one another.
- the stool samples are stool from before or after, or at different times after the administration of the active ingredients or the implementation of the healing process.
- active substances and / or healing methods are selected, which resulted in a reduction in the A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates.
- the results are compared with a control that was not subjected to the active ingredient and / or therapeutic method.
- the present invention therefore provides a method for the selective quantification and / or characterization of A-beta or alpha-synuclein aggregates, which are specifically labeled by probes after immobilization on a substrate, the detection of the labeled aggregates with a high spatial resolution takes place, used.
- the high spatial resolution determines each event against the respective background, so that only the aggregates and no unspecific signals are detected. This is an advantage over the known ELISA method.
- Greek letters that are actually to be used in designations are occasionally replaced by the written form, e.g. in alpha- Synuclein (SNCA), in order to increase readability and prevent conversion errors. This does not change the meaning.
- the stool sample To prepare the stool sample, it is first homogenized in a buffer and then centrifuged. Subsequent enzymatic treatments of the supernatant with e.g. proteases, nucleases and lipases and possible precipitations can then be carried out if necessary. Suitable dilutions that result from this should be used for measurement in the sFIDA assay.
- catcher molecules for particles containing protein aggregates e.g. anti-alpha-synuclein antibodies
- the capture molecules can all be identical or mixtures of different capture molecules.
- a blocking step can take place in which the wells are treated with a blocking solution. A further washing step can then optionally be carried out.
- the stool sample to be examined is then applied to the surface prepared in this way, preferably according to previous preparation instructions. Unspecifically bound substances are removed by washing steps.
- the particles containing protein aggregates are used for further detection with a probe (eg a fluorescent dye-bound anti-alpha-synuclein antibody which only contains a form of alpha-synuclein pathologically phosphorylated on serine 129 Synuclein binds).
- a probe eg a fluorescent dye-bound anti-alpha-synuclein antibody which only contains a form of alpha-synuclein pathologically phosphorylated on serine 129 Synuclein binds.
- Preferred fluorescent dyes could also be quantum dots, among other things.
- the particles containing protein aggregates are preferably labeled with at least one further probe (for example a fluorescent dye-bound anti-alpha-synuclein antibody which only binds a form of alpha-synuclein which is pathologically phosphorylated to serine 129).
- the marked aggregates are detected by scanning (e.g. by a laser focus as used in laser scanning microscopy, for example) or by other types of surface imaging (e.g. by a TIRF microscope).
- this information is even multiplied and for each point, for each aggregate or for each detection event the information can be obtained separately as to which of the probes is delivering signals there. In this way, the specificity of the signal can be increased for each event.
- the spatially resolved information e.g. the fluorescence intensity
- the spatially resolved information e.g. the fluorescence intensity
- algorithms for background minimization can also be used and / or intensity threshold values can also be used for further evaluation.
- FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically the results of the measurements described in Example 9a).
- FIG. 2 shows diagrammatically the results of the measurements described in Example 9b).
- the amination of the glass surface was carried out with APTES and toluene.
- 250 ⁇ l APTES were dissolved in 5 ml toluene in a crystallizing dish and placed exactly in the middle of the desiccator.
- a glass plate was then taken out of the packaging and placed upside down in the desiccator. After a vacuum had been drawn for about 10 minutes, the desiccator was flooded with argon via a balloon. After an incubation time of 1 hour, the crystallizing dish was removed and the plate was dried with the vacuum pump attached for 2 hours. The preparation after the amination was not paused because the amination is not stable.
- the glass surface was aminated beforehand as described above.
- One mg / ml CMD was activated with 200 mM EDC and 50 mM NHS in 0.1 M MES pH 3.5 and placed on the glass plate and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. Unbound dextran was removed by subsequent washing five times with water.
- the glass surface was aminated beforehand as described above.
- Bifunctional PEG (MW 3400 Da, NHS / COOH) was used as a spacer.
- a 4 mM PEG solution was prepared for this. First 20 ⁇ l of PBS were placed in each well and then correspondingly 20 ⁇ l of the prepared PEG solution were added. After an incubation time of 1 hour at room temperature, the wells were washed five times with water. A 10 mM ethanolamine solution was made up for quenching and 20 ml were pipetted into each well. After an incubation period of 15 minutes, it was washed five times with water.
- the carboxylic acid group was activated using 20 ml of a solution consisting of 200 mM EDC and 50 mM NHS in 0.1 M MES. Following the 30 minute incubation, the wells were washed five times with water. la. No pretreatment is necessary for the non-covalent coating of the glass surface with the capture molecule.
- the solution of the antibodies was added to the wells and incubated for 1 hour at room temperature.
- the carboxylic acid groups of PEG and dextran as described above, the amine groups of the capture molecules were linked with PEG or dextran and thus covalently bound to the glass surface.
- a 10 mM ethanolamine solution in water was used to quench the unoccupied activated carboxylic acid groups and incubated in the wells for 15 minutes.
- the capture antibody was dissolved in a suitable buffer, here PBS or carbonate.
- a suitable buffer here PBS or carbonate.
- the concentration of 2.5 pg / ml of the capture antibody used was based on the biomarker and was determined in advance by various titration experiments. Incubation took place overnight at 4 ° C.
- TBS nonionic surfactant; a polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid ester
- a blocking step took place after the incubation with the capture antibody.
- BSA, casein or milk powder were dissolved in a concentration between 0.5-5.0% in TBS and incubated in the wells for 90 minutes at room temperature.
- antibacterial and antifungal substances such as ProClin 300 or sodium azide can be added to the blocking solution.
- a further washing step can then optionally be carried out (washing five times with TBS and 0.05% Tween 20 and washing five times with TBS).
- the detection probes here Nab228 (anti-A-beta 1-11) or 211 (anti-alpha-synuclein 121-125) or EP1536Y (anti-phospho-alpha-synuclein (S129)) were each with CF dyes, here CF633- Succinimidyl ester and CF488A succinimidyl ester labeled.
- the purification was carried out using size exclusion chromatography, as is known to the person skilled in the art. 6. Mark the aggregates with the probes
- the amount of antibodies used depends on the desired degree of labeling and a high signal-to-noise ratio, which was titrated beforehand during the development of the assay.
- the probes were added and incubated for 1 hour at room temperature in the dark. Unbound probes were removed by washing five times with TBS.
- the measurement was carried out here with a Celldiscoverer 7 (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany), which has a confocal laser scanning microscope, or a TIRF microscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany).
- the fluorescence intensity of an area of 1000 x 1000 pixels (TIRF) or 2752 x 2208 or 512 x 512 pixels (Celldiscoverer 7) was determined. Since different probes were used, a colocalization analysis was carried out (test where measured values of both probes occurred at the same location (here a radius of approx. 10 nm); e.g. a red-emitting fluorophore and a green-emitting fluorophore can be viewed). In order to obtain representative values, several areas of the glass surface (4 wells) were measured. The measurement was carried out using ZEN software from Carl Zeiss or LAS AF software from Leica.
- the stool samples can go through different processing steps known to the person skilled in the art.
- the sample was homogenized in a first buffer of Tris-buffered saline (TBS) with ProClin 300 and BSA and then centrifuged, and the supernatant was then diluted in a second buffer of TBS or PBS with BSA, detergent and sodium azide.
- TBS Tris-buffered saline
- Table 1 b Nine stool samples from different patients were analyzed using the method according to the invention. The stool samples each came from four Parkinson's patients and five control patients (healthy with regard to protein aggregation disorders, different ages). The results are summarized in Table 2. Likewise in Figure 2.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020114278.1A DE102020114278A1 (de) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Bestimmung krankheitsspezifischer Protein-Aggregate in Stuhlproben |
| PCT/EP2021/063833 WO2021239700A2 (de) | 2020-05-28 | 2021-05-25 | Bestimmung krankheitsspezifischer protein-aggregate in stuhlproben |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4158355A2 true EP4158355A2 (de) | 2023-04-05 |
Family
ID=76159431
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21728223.5A Withdrawn EP4158355A2 (de) | 2020-05-28 | 2021-05-25 | Bestimmung krankheitsspezifischer protein-aggregate in stuhlproben |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230228771A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4158355A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020114278A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021239700A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3148478A1 (fr) | 2023-05-05 | 2024-11-08 | Universite Grenoble Alpes | Procede pour le diagnostic in vitro d’une maladie neurodegenerative |
| CN116879540B (zh) * | 2023-07-13 | 2024-04-05 | 香港中文大学(深圳) | 一种神经元蛋白聚集体特异性检测试剂盒 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011057021A1 (de) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Verfahren zur selektiven Quantifizierung von A-Beta-Aggregaten |
| WO2013111045A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-08-01 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Use of waste products for detecting amyloidogenic proteinaceous material in living mammals |
| AU2015262399B9 (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2021-07-22 | National Center For Geriatrics And Gerontology | Surrogate biomarker for evaluating intracerebral amyloid beta peptide accumulation and method for analysis thereof |
| JP2020529432A (ja) * | 2017-08-04 | 2020-10-08 | アキシャル バイオセラピューティクス, インク.Axial Biotherapeutics, Inc. | 微生物により誘発されるアミロイドの阻害剤 |
-
2020
- 2020-05-28 DE DE102020114278.1A patent/DE102020114278A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-05-25 WO PCT/EP2021/063833 patent/WO2021239700A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-05-25 US US17/998,691 patent/US20230228771A1/en active Pending
- 2021-05-25 EP EP21728223.5A patent/EP4158355A2/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20230228771A1 (en) | 2023-07-20 |
| WO2021239700A3 (de) | 2022-03-03 |
| WO2021239700A2 (de) | 2021-12-02 |
| DE102020114278A1 (de) | 2021-12-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2794655B1 (de) | Verfahren zur selektiven quantifizierung von a-beta-aggregaten | |
| EP3014279B1 (de) | Verfahren zur bestimmung von proteinaggregaten unter verwendung von oberflächen-fida | |
| WO2004090546A1 (de) | Bestimmung eines midregionalen proadrenomedullin-teilpeptids in biologischen flüssigkeiten zu diagnostischen zwecken sowie immunoassays für die durchführung einer solchen bestimmung | |
| EP2834643B1 (de) | Verfahren zur behandlung von blut, blutprodukten und organen | |
| EP3639024A1 (de) | Verfahren zum nachweis von extrazellulären vesikeln in einer probe | |
| WO2013092951A2 (de) | Standard zur quantifizierung von pathogenen aggregaten aus körpereigenen proteinen | |
| EP4158355A2 (de) | Bestimmung krankheitsspezifischer protein-aggregate in stuhlproben | |
| EP1904082B1 (de) | VERFAHREN ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER KONZENTRATION DER ADIPOZYTAREN FORM DES FATTY ACID BINDUNG PROTEIN (A-FABP, FABP4, aP2) | |
| EP1269213B1 (de) | Verfahren zur esr-spektroskopischen bestimmung von veränderungen der transporteigenschaften des albumins in einer albuminhaltigen probe | |
| DE69711937T2 (de) | Entdecken von nekrosen des herzmuskels durch einen immunoassay und entsprechende antikorper | |
| EP1902317B1 (de) | Verfahren zur selektiven bestimmung pathologischer proteinablagerungen | |
| EP3714274A1 (de) | Verfahren zur quantifizierung von proteinaggregaten einer proteinfehlfaltungserkrankung in einer probe | |
| DE102017010455A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Nachweis von Aggregaten biotherapeutischer Substanzen in einer Probe | |
| DE102012102999A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Blut, Blutprodukten und Organen | |
| DE102009034119A1 (de) | Verfahren, insbesondere Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), zum in vitro Nachweis von Amyloid beta Autoantikörpern, Mikrotiterplatte und Testkit | |
| DE69630131T2 (de) | Verfahren zur bestimmung des aggregationsgrades des beta a4-peptids | |
| WO2003054548A1 (de) | Verfahren zur quantitativ analytischen bestimmung von aggregaten | |
| DE102006034607A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentration der adipozytären Form des fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP, FABP4, P2) | |
| CN117368490A (zh) | 用于诊断阿尔茨海默病的联检试剂盒及应用 | |
| CN117434273A (zh) | 用于辅助诊断阿尔茨海默病的联检试剂盒 | |
| CH719837B1 (de) | Verfahren zum nachweis einer oralen neoplastischen läsion, testreagenz und testkit | |
| EP4306956A1 (de) | Verfahren zum in-vitro nachweis antigen-spezifischer ige verursacht durch eine infektion mit parasiten oder pilzen | |
| DE102007038730A1 (de) | Nachweis des menschlichen Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor | |
| EP1600774A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Identifizierung von Substanzen zur Beeinflussung der Aggregationen von Proteinen | |
| WO2005010531A1 (de) | Biochemisches diagnostikum zur erkennung von rheumatoider arthritis |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20220930 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20251212 |
|
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20260105 |