EP4173716A1 - Machine de broyage - Google Patents

Machine de broyage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4173716A1
EP4173716A1 EP22401033.0A EP22401033A EP4173716A1 EP 4173716 A1 EP4173716 A1 EP 4173716A1 EP 22401033 A EP22401033 A EP 22401033A EP 4173716 A1 EP4173716 A1 EP 4173716A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
hammer mechanism
rotation
axis
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22401033.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Prinz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comes Maschinen und Apparatebau GmbH
Original Assignee
Comes Maschinen und Apparatebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comes Maschinen und Apparatebau GmbH filed Critical Comes Maschinen und Apparatebau GmbH
Publication of EP4173716A1 publication Critical patent/EP4173716A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C13/284—Built-in screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge
    • B02C2013/28609—Discharge means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shredding machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such crushing machines are generally known in the recycling industry for crushing finished parts and usually consist of a more or less complex housing in which a crushing mechanism has a destructive effect on the recycling material supplied.
  • the crushing of finished parts is in preparation for separating the materials that make up the finished parts.
  • the shredding and material separation of finished parts is becoming increasingly important when recycling materials, especially for large devices such as automobiles, car bodies and switch cabinets.
  • comminution machines are known with a horizontally arranged rotor that is rotatably mounted in the housing, the rotor often being equipped with comminution tools.
  • a material inlet for feeding in the finished parts or the recycling material and at least one material outlet for ejecting the shredded material are provided in the housing.
  • These shredders are also known as horizontal shredder systems.
  • the property comes from the shredding machine manufactured or ejected material (piece goods size, material purity, etc.) is becoming increasingly important.
  • Shredding machines are therefore known that have a material outlet in the upper housing area ( EP 0 103 778 B1 ) or in the lower housing area ( DE 35 19 516 C2 ) exhibit.
  • the outlet grate Due to its location in the lower housing area, the outlet grate is also referred to as the bottom grate or bottom grate.
  • the piece size of the material ejected through the outlet grate is influenced on the one hand by the distance between the hammers and the bottom of the housing, which in this case is formed by the side of the bottom grate facing the rotor, and on the other hand by the mesh size of the outlet grate.
  • the end flap can be adjusted in several positions relative to the rotor or the freely swinging hammers. The different positions of the end flap can be fixed with a ratchet.
  • a shredding machine with a further possibility of influencing the size of the pieces in which the outlet or classifying grate arranged in the upper area of the housing is mounted in an adjustable manner.
  • the so-called upper grate is equipped with a drive in order to change its setting angle in relation to the ejection direction of the material.
  • the opening cross-sections of the outlet grate available for the material to pass through in the direction of flight can be changed in order to influence the size and density of the comminuted material without the time-consuming replacement of the grate.
  • a first material outlet with a floor grating is arranged in the lower housing area, the circular contour of which encompasses the impact circle of the rotor.
  • a second material outlet is provided in an upper housing region downstream of the bottom grate in the direction of rotation of the rotor with a horizontally formed top grate spaced apart from the rotor.
  • a third housing opening closed by a pivoting flap, is additionally arranged between the bottom grate and the top grate as a coarse part ejection for the ejection of piece goods that cannot be shredded. Without having to stop the rotor, it is therefore possible, for example, to cover the top grate that has just been formed from the outside and to open the flap of the third housing opening for material to exit.
  • Shredding machines are also known in which the bottom grate has a shape that encompasses the contour of the impact circle of the rotor and is designed to be pivotable.
  • the bottom grate which can be pivoted about a pivot axis, can then be spring-loaded, for example, to prevent piece goods that are difficult to shred from becoming jammed between the rotor and grate, and on the other hand, the lower material outlet can be released for the discharge of material by swiveling the bottom grate away.
  • this requires a great deal of energy to move the adjusting mechanism, which acts in a pivoting manner on the heavy floor grating.
  • another floor grate part can be provided which is articulated on the same pivot axis and is also pivotably mounted.
  • This additional floor grate part must be laboriously adapted to the outer contour of the floor grate and has, for example, molded parts that can be brought into engagement with the passage openings in the floor grate.
  • the two parts can jam with and against one another. A separation of the two parts is often only possible with the help of others Tools and a lot of time is possible, which in turn results in downtime of the shredding machine.
  • the comminution machines known from the prior art always have at least one housing opening suitable for a material outlet during comminution operation, but are only optimized for one specific comminution requirement and are therefore not suitable for different comminution requirements, or only with increased conversion effort.
  • the machine is then not available for initial shredding.
  • This variant requires two shredder systems and therefore causes high costs.
  • So-called cooling scrap with a bulk density of more than 1,700 kg/m 3 cannot be produced with such machines or the aforementioned processes. Cooling scrap is also used as a metallic coolant, for example in the DE 38 07 812 C2 described.
  • the shredding machine 1 is preferably designed as a horizontal shredder system in which a cylindrical hammer mechanism 12 is rotatably mounted in a stationary base frame 2 .
  • the axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12 is mounted horizontally on both sides in receptacles in the side walls 3 and is set in rotary motion 6 by a motor (not shown).
  • a motor not shown
  • At least one material outlet area 7 is provided in the housing of the horizontal shredder system, which is arranged downstream of the shredding material feed 5 and the anvil 21 in the direction of rotation 6 of the hammer mechanism 12 .
  • a first material outlet area 7 is located at the bottom of the housing and is provided with an outlet grate 9 whose inner surface is adapted to the cylindrical shape of the hammer mechanism 12 .
  • the outlet grate 9 is therefore preferably designed in the form of a cylinder jacket segment with a jacket thickness that is essentially constant, predetermined and adapted to the material properties of the material to be comminuted, with the inner radius of the cylinder being larger than the impact circle of the hammers of the hammer mechanism 12 (not shown in more detail), or at least the radius corresponds to the impact circle.
  • the mesh size of the bottom grating 9 is decisive for the grain size of the discharged material and also the performance of the entire shredder system, ie the tons that can be produced per hour (t/h). To simplify replacement, the outlet grate 9 can be divided into two or more segments.
  • the outlet grate 9 is also referred to as the bottom grate 9 and is stationary in or on the base frame 2 of the shredder system 1 on a frame 8.
  • a fixed bottom grate ensures that the inner surface of the bottom grating 9 has the same relative, predetermined distance over its entire effective range in relation to the hammer mechanism 12, which has an advantageous effect on the quality of the material ejection/recycling material emerging through the bottom grating 9 from the shredder system.
  • a cover device 10, 10' for selectively closing or opening part or all of the material outlet area 7 provided with the outlet grate 9 is provided.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is that when the machine is running, that is to say when the rotor is rotating, the outlet grate 9 can be closed or covered without downtimes and without additional personnel expenditure.
  • a machine operator in the control station of the shredder system can actuate the locking mechanism and only has to ensure that while the covering device 10, 10' is moving, no material to be shredded is fed to the rotor. Of course, this can also be guaranteed by appropriate control logic.
  • the contour of the inner surface of the covering device 10, 10' is advantageously adapted to the outer contour of the outlet grate 9 and is therefore in particular also shaped as a cylinder jacket segment.
  • the inner surface of the covering device 10, 10' preferably has so-called wear plates which are arranged over a large area, are exchangeable and prevent premature wear of the covering device 10, 10'.
  • the support frame 8 in or on the base frame 2 of the shredder system on which the outlet grate 9 rests can have one or more stabilizing struts 27 extending longitudinally in the direction of rotation 6 of the hammer mechanism 12 (see Fig . 4.5 ) exhibit.
  • the outlet grate 9 then also rests on the end faces of the stabilizing struts 27 , the contour of the end faces also being adapted to the outer contour of the outlet grate 9 .
  • the covering device 10, 10' is divided into several cylinder jacket segments 28 (see Fig. 4.5 ) divided, which are pivoted past the stabilizing struts 27 together to close or open the material outlet area 7 .
  • the at least one cover device 10, 10' is mounted pivotably about an axis 11, 11' or pivot axis which is stationary in the base frame 2 and is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12.
  • the covering device 10, 10' can be moved into a closed position (see Fig. 3 , 5 ) and locked or fixed there.
  • the fixing or locking takes place in an advantageous manner with a hydraulically or motor-actuated, conically shaped pin or locking bolt 29 (see Fig. 3 , 4, 5 ) which, when activated, engages a bore 30 in the covering device.
  • the axis 11, 11' of the pivotably mounted cover device 10, 10' is below the Axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12 is arranged in the base frame 2 in order to realize the most compact and stable construction possible.
  • two cover devices 10, 10' are provided which are pivotably mounted independently of one another about axes 11, 11' arranged at a distance.
  • the two pivot axes 11, 11' are each stationary, but are arranged parallel to and below the axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12 in the base frame 2.
  • the axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12 is advantageously arranged between the axes (11, 11') of the two covering devices (10, 10').
  • the pivot axis 11 of the first covering device 10 downstream of the material to be comminuted feed 5 in the direction of rotation 6 of the hammer mechanism 12 is arranged in a protected manner below the anvil 21 that can be brought into operative connection with hammers of the hammer mechanism 12 .
  • the pivot axis 11 ′ of the second covering device 10 ′ is arranged below or at the same height as the axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12 , but above the pivot axis 11 of the first covering device 10 .
  • the cylinder jacket segment of the first covering device 10, which extends in the direction of the axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12, has a shorter circular arc section than the cylinder jacket segment of the second covering device 10'.
  • the arcuate sections of the covering devices 10, 10' are advantageously dimensioned in terms of their length such that the axis of rotation 4 of the hammer mechanism 12 is located vertically above the point of contact of the two covering devices 10, 10' in the closed position.
  • the small first covering device 10 can be swiveled individually or together independently of the second, larger covering device 10' and can be locked in a closed position, or lockable.
  • different positions of the two pivotable covering devices 10, 10' relative to the floor grating 9 can be set depending on the requirement for the material ejection to be produced or the recycling material or depending on the production requirement or product.
  • both grate covers 10, 10' open (see 2 , 4 ); both grate covers 10, 10' closed (see 3 , 5 ); first grate cover 10 open, second grate cover 10'closed; first grate cover 10 closed, second grate cover 10'open; or both grate covers 10, 10' to 50% up.
  • Two of the four hydraulic cylinders 31 provided for moving the covering devices 10, 10' are mounted/attached to the side walls 3 on the base frame 2, preferably below the pivot axes 11, 11' of the grate covers 10, 10'. This way they are easily accessible for maintenance purposes.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 31 are articulated on the covering devices 10, 10' at a distance from the respective pivot axes 11, 11'.
  • displacement measurement systems of the hydraulic cylinders can be queried and in this way, for example, the above-described 50% open positions of the grate covers 10, 10' can be set.
  • the locking bolts 29 are advantageously designed conically so that the respective grate covers 10, 10' can be opened or unlocked under load or pressure. In this way, the required centering is also ensured for the locking process, in which the bolts have to be retracted into bore bearings 30 in the grate covers 10, 10'.
  • the housing space located above the cylindrical hammer mechanism 12 is designed as an impact shaft 17 .
  • the lower material outlet area 7 covered with the floor grating 9 is provided in the direction of rotation 6 a further, with a flap 23 closable Gutauslassö réelle 22 without classifier, which is also referred to as a rough discharge. If there are parts in the interior that are difficult or impossible to break up, such as vehicle axles, the flap 23 of the coarse ejection can be opened to eject these parts.
  • the ejection area 16 in the middle part 13 of the housing is formed by the housing walls of the shredder and is delimited by them in cross-section.
  • the ejection area 15 arranged on the outlet side in the base frame 2 is adapted in its cross section to the ejection area 16 in the middle part 13 of the housing. This ensures that the ejection area 15 in the base frame 2 has at least the same open cross section as the ejection area 16 formed by the housing walls in the middle part 13 of the housing, even when the bottom grid cover 10 ′ is also open.
  • In 2 is a side view of a sectional view of the lower part 2 with grate cover 10, 10 'is shown schematically in an open position.
  • the grate covers 10, 10' have bores 30 for locking bolts 29, shown schematically, adjacent to the point of articulation of the hydraulic cylinders 31.
  • the grate covers 10, 10' can be pivoted about pivot axes 11, 11' in the direction of the outlet grate 9 resting on the frame 8 and in this way close or cover the material outlet area 7 (see Fig. 3 ).
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of a sectional representation of the lower part 2 in which the closed grate cover 10, 10' rests on the outlet grate 9.
  • the material outlet area 7 is completely closed and the grate covers 10, 10' are secured by locking bolts 29 to relieve the hydraulic cylinders 31.
  • the grate covers 10, 10 ' In the 4 shown oblique view of the underside of the base frame 2 shows the grate covers 10, 10 'in an open position.
  • the bottom or outlet grate 9 rests on the frame 8 in the area of the side wall 3 on the one hand and on two stabilizing struts 27 on the other.
  • the grate cover 10, 10' consists of three cylinder jacket segments 28.
  • the cylinder jacket segments 28 are connected via connecting axes 32 to form grate covers 10, 10'.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 31 are articulated on the connecting axles 32 for the common, simultaneous actuation of the grate covers 10, 10' consisting of cylinder jacket segments 28.
  • figure 5 shows an oblique view of the underside of the base frame 2, with both the first shorter grate cover 10 and the second longer grate cover 10' being closed.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 31 are extended and the locking bolts 29 engage in the figure 5 not shown bores 30 (s. 2 ) on both sides of the cover devices 10, 10' and in this way lock the cover devices 10, 10' in the closed position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP22401033.0A 2021-10-29 2022-10-27 Machine de broyage Pending EP4173716A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021128393 2021-10-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4173716A1 true EP4173716A1 (fr) 2023-05-03

Family

ID=84360123

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22401033.0A Pending EP4173716A1 (fr) 2021-10-29 2022-10-27 Machine de broyage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4173716A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202022002968U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117181383A (zh) * 2023-09-21 2023-12-08 安徽巡鹰动力能源科技有限公司 一种新能源汽车电池回收用粉碎装置

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440927A (en) * 1945-03-23 1948-05-04 Boss Floris Adjustable two layered screen for hammer mills and remote control therefor
EP0080621A2 (fr) * 1981-12-02 1983-06-08 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH Déchiqueteur de papier et méthode de fonctionnement
DE3517579A1 (de) * 1985-05-15 1986-11-20 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Ausbildung des gehaeusebodens von zerkleinerungsmaschinen
DE3519516C2 (de) 1985-05-31 1987-05-14 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit umlaufendem Rotor
EP0103778B1 (fr) 1982-09-16 1987-07-15 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH Broyeur à marteaux
EP0254173A2 (fr) * 1986-07-23 1988-01-27 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH Grille pour broyeurs
DE3807812C2 (fr) 1988-01-18 1990-06-28 Hecket Holland B.V., Ijmuiden, Nl
DE4120456C2 (de) 1991-06-21 1994-06-30 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung sowohl zum Zerkleinern als auch zum Trennen von Materialien
DE19547828A1 (de) * 1995-12-21 1997-06-26 Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einstellung der maximalen Körnung von gebrochenem oder gemahlenem Stückgut
DE29910501U1 (de) 1999-06-17 2000-03-30 Svedala Lindemann GmbH, 40231 Düsseldorf Anordnung eines Armkreuzrotors im Gehäuse von Shreddern
US20080099591A1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-01 Allegheny Paper Shredders Corp. Adjustable screen for material destruction apparatus

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440927A (en) * 1945-03-23 1948-05-04 Boss Floris Adjustable two layered screen for hammer mills and remote control therefor
EP0080621A2 (fr) * 1981-12-02 1983-06-08 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH Déchiqueteur de papier et méthode de fonctionnement
EP0103778B1 (fr) 1982-09-16 1987-07-15 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH Broyeur à marteaux
DE3517579A1 (de) * 1985-05-15 1986-11-20 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Ausbildung des gehaeusebodens von zerkleinerungsmaschinen
DE3519516C2 (de) 1985-05-31 1987-05-14 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit umlaufendem Rotor
EP0254173A2 (fr) * 1986-07-23 1988-01-27 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH Grille pour broyeurs
DE3807812C2 (fr) 1988-01-18 1990-06-28 Hecket Holland B.V., Ijmuiden, Nl
DE4120456C2 (de) 1991-06-21 1994-06-30 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung sowohl zum Zerkleinern als auch zum Trennen von Materialien
DE19547828A1 (de) * 1995-12-21 1997-06-26 Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einstellung der maximalen Körnung von gebrochenem oder gemahlenem Stückgut
DE29910501U1 (de) 1999-06-17 2000-03-30 Svedala Lindemann GmbH, 40231 Düsseldorf Anordnung eines Armkreuzrotors im Gehäuse von Shreddern
US20080099591A1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-01 Allegheny Paper Shredders Corp. Adjustable screen for material destruction apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117181383A (zh) * 2023-09-21 2023-12-08 安徽巡鹰动力能源科技有限公司 一种新能源汽车电池回收用粉碎装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102022128788A1 (de) 2023-05-04
DE202022002968U1 (de) 2024-03-01

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