EP4178761B1 - Tête de meulage pour l'usinage de pièces à usiner - Google Patents

Tête de meulage pour l'usinage de pièces à usiner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4178761B1
EP4178761B1 EP21740485.4A EP21740485A EP4178761B1 EP 4178761 B1 EP4178761 B1 EP 4178761B1 EP 21740485 A EP21740485 A EP 21740485A EP 4178761 B1 EP4178761 B1 EP 4178761B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
belt
grinding head
take
abrasive belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21740485.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4178761A1 (fr
EP4178761C0 (fr
Inventor
Bruno Vogelsang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Verwo Ag
Original Assignee
Verwo Ag
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4178761C0 publication Critical patent/EP4178761C0/fr
Publication of EP4178761B1 publication Critical patent/EP4178761B1/fr
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/04Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding plane surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/004Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor using abrasive rolled strips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B15/00Machines or devices designed for grinding seat surfaces; Accessories therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a grinding head for machining workpieces in order to create a grinding track along a predetermined track.
  • Such grinding tracks are required to accommodate seals, for example in vacuum technology or vice versa, in order to seal increased internal pressures against the outside.
  • Grinding heads are known to date and are only used on machines designed specifically for this purpose. They contain a prism, around the outer tip of which runs a grinding belt, which can be of the same nature as the usual sanding sheets or sandpaper.
  • the grinding belt usually has a textile backing with a grainy structure on one side.
  • Such a grinding belt which is around 1 to 6 mm wide, then runs around the rounded tip of the prism on the grinding head.
  • On one side of the prism there is a grinding belt dispenser roll, from which the grinding belt is guided forwards around the rounded tip of the prism and then on the other side of the prism is guided back to a take-up roll, according to the same principle as a typewriter ribbon is guided from one roll over the typing position to the other winding roll.
  • the grinding head is guided along a grinding path with this prism tip covered with a grinding belt in order to create a grinding track on the workpiece, which is carried out by the grinding machine in which the grinding head is clamped.
  • the grinding machine can move the grinding head back and forth in all directions and planes under program control and, depending on the grinding machine, can also rotate it around one or even all axes.
  • the machine tool has a power connection by means of which the clamped grinding head can be supplied with electrical energy. The electrical energy is needed to drive an adjustment mechanism on the grinding head. If, after a certain grinding path, the grinding belt is worn out at the grinding point, the grinding belt on the prism must be readjusted.
  • the grinding belt is adjusted by at least one grinding point at a time using an electric motor, e.g. a stepper motor, inside the grinding head.
  • an electric motor e.g. a stepper motor
  • This process is repeated dozens of times until the sanding belt roll is completely used up.
  • This grinding machine is a so-called stand-alone machine, which means that it is only used for this processing, namely grinding a grinding track on the workpiece.
  • a workpiece is machined using a machine tool, such as a CNC milling machine or a CNC lathe, and grinding work is then required as the work progresses, for example if a grinding mark is to be ground onto a sealing surface, the workpiece must be removed from the CNC milling machine or lathe and then clamped into the grinding machine.
  • a machine tool such as a CNC milling machine or a CNC lathe
  • grinding work is then required as the work progresses, for example if a grinding mark is to be ground onto a sealing surface
  • the workpiece must be removed from the CNC milling machine or lathe and then clamped into the grinding machine.
  • the interruptions in time caused by grinding on the stand-alone grinding machine are too short.
  • the usually expensive milling machine or lathe remains unused and underutilized for a while.
  • a belt conveyor system is used to feed unused sanding belt to the surface of the workpiece to be machined each time, and the belt conveyor system has a hydraulic drive or a pneumatic drive to convey the sanding belt.
  • Two belt clamping devices acting on the sanding belt ensure that the sanding belt and the workpiece move relative to one another.
  • the sanding belt is therefore transported further in strokes or steps during processing.
  • a hydraulic drive with a linear motor and two differential cylinders with working pistons of different diameters is required. To generate tensile stress and a defined drive direction for the hydraulic drive, the pistons have effective piston areas of different sizes.
  • the output of the differential cylinders of the hydraulic drive is connected to a fine throttle with a decelerating effect.
  • the conveying speed of the sanding belt can also be adjusted using this fine throttle.
  • the sanding belt should be much easier to adjust on the sanding head used here.
  • the object of this invention is therefore to create a grinding head that reduces the work steps associated with grinding to a minimum, with significant savings in effort and costs.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a grinding head by means of which potential sources of error in the preparation of the workpiece can be minimized. It would be advantageous to have a grinding head that can carry out exactly the same grinding work as a conventional grinding head, but which does not require electrical energy and could therefore be used on a milling machine or on a lathe where no electrical energy is available on the clamping device for the machining tool or on the machine at all. If the grinding work could be carried out directly on a machine tool such as a milling machine or a lathe, without unclamping the workpiece in between, this would be considerably faster and sources of error would be eliminated.
  • the solution to this problem is provided by a grinding head according to claim 1 as well as the method according to claim 7 and the machine tool according to claim 10.
  • the currentless adjustment of grinding belt is realized by taking up the worn grinding belt from a take-up roll.
  • a drive mechanism is operated with a gear wheel with freewheel on a shaft of the take-up roller. This can be rotated directly or indirectly by a rack through an angular range , whereby the rack can be moved against a spring force by means of the pneumatic or hydraulic pressure of the processing machine.
  • the adjustment mechanism of the grinding head is pneumatically or hydraulically fed without electricity from a pneumatic or hydraulic pressure source, which is already available on the processing machine, i.e.
  • the Figure 1 an example of a grinding head shown in perspective in a lying position. It has a carrier body 1 made of steel, to which an attachment 2 is connected at the front, to which a triangular guide prism 3 is attached, around which the sanding belt 4, for example 1 to 6 mm wide, is guided along the two sides or flanks 17, 18 of the guide prism 3.
  • the sanding belt 4 is unrolled from a dispenser roll 6, from there guided along the flank 17 of the prism 3 facing away from the viewer to the tip 5 of the prism 3 and then over the flank 18 to a take-up roll 7.
  • This tip 5 of the prism 3 is slightly rounded so that the sanding belt 4 is guided around this tip and then to the take-up roll 7.
  • the grinding head is guided by a milling machine in a plane along the workpiece to be machined, in a one-dimensional movement as indicated by the two directional arrows. These arrows lie in the plane of the prism 3.
  • the grinding head can also be clamped in a lathe, just like a cutting tool, and it is then the workpiece that is rotated along the grinding tip 5 or grinding point under it, for example to produce a ground circular groove.
  • the attachment 2 forms a rotationally symmetrical plate 12, which is screwed to the carrier body 1 on the rotation axis at a distance from the latter under compression spring load, while all other parts of the attachment 2 are arranged below the plate 12 within its outer radius.
  • the carrier body 1 is formed into a coupling piece 28 for clamping to a machine tool, for example to a milling machine or to a lathe or turning machine, in particular to a CNC machine tool, such as a CNC milling machine or lathe.
  • the Figure 2 shows this grinding head after Figure 1 in a vertical position.
  • the coupling piece 28 of the carrier body 1 At the top you can see the coupling piece 28 of the carrier body 1, and below the carrier body, held at a distance by a slot 11 (not visible here), the attachment 2.
  • the dispenser roll 6 and the take-up roll 7 In the lower area of the attachment 2 you can see the dispenser roll 6 and the take-up roll 7 in a top view, as well as the guide prism 3 arranged centrally below them.
  • the sanding belt 4 is also shown running from the dispenser roll 6 along the right flank 17 of the guide prism 3 in the picture around its lower rounded tip 5 and then along the left flank 18 in the picture to the take-up roll 7.
  • Two cutting lines AA and BB are also shown in this figure.
  • the Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through the grinding head along the line BB in Figure 2 , whereby this grinding head consists of Figure 2 is shown rotated by 90° around the vertical axis.
  • the attachment 2 is placed at the bottom of the carrier body 1 and is held on the same by means of pressure-loaded screws at a distance from the carrier body 1 by a slot 11. This allows the grinding tip 5 of the prism 3 together with the entire attachment 2 to give way a little when pressure is applied to the carrier body 1, and therefore has a corresponding spring travel.
  • Housed in the attachment 2 you can see a shaft 10 on which a gear 8 with freewheel sits, so that it only drives the shaft 10 in one direction.
  • the guide prism 3 projects downwards and ends with its tip 5, around which the grinding belt 4 is guided.
  • One of the screws 21 with which the guide prism 3 is clamped to the attachment 2 can be seen in section.
  • the Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through the grinding head along the line AA in Figure 2
  • the gear 8 on the shaft 10 and behind it a rack 9, which extends in a vertical direction here. It is in engagement with the teeth of the gear 8 and can be moved up and down in the attachment 2.
  • This rack 9 is suspended in a spring-loaded manner from a piston 24, beneath which a compression spring 25 is installed. Whenever the compression spring 25 is compressed, this presses the rack 9 from top to bottom, whereby the gear 8 rotates each time by a constant angle of rotation, in the direction that then causes the winding roll 7 for the sanding belt 4 to be wound up.
  • hydraulic pressure can also be used instead of pneumatic pressure.
  • the cooling lubricant or drilling fluid used by the machine tool or supplied by it can be used for this.
  • the hydraulic pressure then acts in exactly the same way and, if necessary, pushes the piston 24 with the rack 9 downwards, which ultimately rotates the winding roller 7 by a fixed angle of rotation, which causes the sanding belt 4 to be adjusted by at least one grinding point.
  • the attachment 2 is screwed to the carrier body 1 with three screws 20, leaving a slot 11 free, and this slot 11 is filled by (in Figure 4 not visible) compression springs 13, within which compression springs 13 are the screws 20 (not visible here) with which the attachment 2 is screwed to the carrier body 1.
  • compression springs 13 within which compression springs 13 are the screws 20 (not visible here) with which the attachment 2 is screwed to the carrier body 1.
  • Figure 3 one can partially see one of the compression springs 13, which keep the selected slot 11 between the carrier body 1 and the attachment 2 open.
  • FIG. 5 shows a view of the grinding head after Figure 2 from below, in which figure the intersection lines CC and DD are drawn, and the corresponding sections are explained using the following figures.
  • the guide prism 3 is visible with a view of its lower tip 5 and the two flanks 17, 18 leading to it.
  • the Figure 6 shows a section along the line CC in Figure 5
  • the Figure 7 shows the section along the line DD in Figure 5 This section gives a clear view into the cylinder 27, in which the piston 24 with the holder for the rack 9 runs.
  • the rack 9 projects downwards from the piston 24 and the piston 24 sits at the bottom on a compression spring 25, which always pushes it back up to its starting position and thus pulls the rack 9 up when there is no pneumatic or hydraulic pressure acting on the piston 24 from above.
  • the gear 8 rotates freely on the shaft 10, thanks to the freewheel. From the starting position, when the rack 9 is at the upper end of its displacement path, the rack 9 can be pushed downwards against the force of the compression spring 25 by applying pneumatic pressure or hydraulic pressure - without current, i.e. without the grinding head being dependent on an electrical power source. This causes the gear 8 and the take-up roller 7 to rotate by a constantly constant angle of rotation.
  • the Figure 8 shows the guide prism 3 for the sanding belt 4 enlarged and shown separately. Below you can see the rounded tip 5 over which the sanding belt 4 runs, and in the two flanks 17, 18 there are grooves 19 in which the sanding belt 4 fits flush and is therefore guided cleanly. Two holes 23 serve to accommodate the fastening screws 21 for the guide prism 3 on the attachment 2.
  • this grinding head With the help of this grinding head, it is therefore possible to operate a process for grinding workpieces, using a grinding head with a currentless adjustable grinding belt 4 which is guided around a guide prism 3 and which acts on the workpiece with a tip 5 of the guide prism 3.
  • the grinding head can therefore be clamped in a program-controlled machine tool, for example in a CNC machine - for example a CNC milling or lathe - without power and under program control along a programmed grinding path.
  • the grinding belt 4 After periods which are also program-controlled by the software of the (CNC) machine, the grinding belt 4 can be adjusted without power by at least the path of one grinding point.
  • the grinding head is guided by the (CNC) machine tool under program control along a programmed grinding path.
  • the grinding head according to the invention can therefore carry out exactly the same grinding work as a conventional grinding head, but does not require electrical energy and can therefore be used on a machine tool such as a milling machine or on a lathe, for example on CNC machines, where no electrical energy is available on the clamping device for the machining tool or on the machine at all. Since the grinding head according to the invention can be used to carry out the grinding work directly on a (CNC) machine tool without temporarily unclamping the workpiece from it, essential work steps can be saved and the machine tool can be used continuously, which considerably speeds up the production process and increases its efficiency. Finally, sources of error can also be effectively minimized because the entire process of unclamping and re-clamping the workpiece becomes obsolete. This saves effort and costs.
  • the Figure 9 shows an example of a grinding path 16 ground in this way on a sealing surface on a workpiece 22, shown here in a plan view.
  • This grinding path 16 or grinding path then typically serves to accommodate a steel or metal seal to be placed thereon.
  • the guide means 3 is used to guide the Sanding belt 4 is implemented as a prism.
  • the guide means can also be shaped differently, as long as a sanding belt 4 is guided or unwound over the sanding surface 5.
  • the gear via which the pneumatic or hydraulic pressure movement of the piston 24 is translated to the rotary movement of the take-up roll 7, is implemented in the present embodiment by means of a gear 8 and rack 9 and a shaft 10 on which the gear 8 sits.
  • the gear can also be designed differently, as long as it ensures a direct or indirect mechanical translation of the movement of the piston 24 to the rotation of the take-up roll 7.
  • a dispenser roll 6 is used as the means for dispensing sanding belt 4 and a take-up roll 7 is used for receiving worn sanding belt 4.
  • a take-up roll 7 is used for receiving worn sanding belt 4.
  • the latter means is operated according to the invention without electricity, in that it is fed by a pneumatic or hydraulic pressure source of the milling or lathe to which the grinding head is coupled and is driven via a mechanical transmission.
  • a separate supply channel in the form of a snake neck can optionally be provided on or next to the grinding head for the supply of cooling lubricant or drilling fluid for cooling and lubricating the grinding area.
  • the invention relates to the use of the pneumatic or hydraulic pressure of a machine tool - for example a CNC-controlled machine tool such as a milling machine or lathe - for the currentless displacement and thus adjustment of the grinding belt 4 of a grinding head.
  • the means for adjusting the grinding belt 4 is fed by the compressed air or hydraulic sources or units of the machine tool and driven by mechanical transmission.
  • the cooling lubricant or the drilling fluid can be used as the hydraulic means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Tête de ponçage pour l'usinage mécanique de pièces, comprenant un corps de support (1) et une garniture (2) avec un moyen de guidage (3) pour guider une bande abrasive (4) avant et après son point de ponçage (5) et des moyens (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) disposés à l'extérieur du moyen de guidage (3), 7) pour la distribution de la bande abrasive (4) ainsi que pour la réception de la bande abrasive usée nd (4), la bande abrasive (4) pouvant être déplacée au moyen d'une pression pneumatique ou hydraulique, pour le réajustement sans courant de la bande abrasive (4),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le moyen de réception de la bande abrasive usée (4) est conçu comme un rouleau d'enroulement (7) et celui-ci peut être entraîné pour déplacer la bande abrasive (4) par un mécanisme d'entraînement avec une roue dentée (8) à roue libre montée sur un arbre (10) du rouleau d'enroulement (7), en ce que celle-ci peut être tournée directement ou indirectement d'une plage angulaire par une crémaillère (9), la crémaillère (9) pouvant être déplacée au moyen de la pression pneumatique ou hydraulique contre une force élastique (25), pour le réajustement sans courant de la bande abrasive (4).
  2. Tête de ponçage pour l'usinage mécanique de pièces selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la crémaillère (9) peut être déplacée à l'encontre d'une force élastique (25) au moyen d'un piston (24) pouvant être actionné pneumatiquement ou hydrauliquement avec un lubrifiant de refroidissement, pour le réajustement sans courant de la bande abrasive (4).
  3. Tête de ponçage pour l'usinage mécanique de pièces selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, dans laquelle la garniture (2) avec des moyens de guidage (3) et les moyens (6, 7) pour la distribution et la réception de la bande abrasive (4) ainsi que la roue dentée (8) pour l'entraînement du rouleau d'enroulement (7) sont vissés avec le corps de support (1) par l'intermédiaire d'une fente (11) de 2 mm à 6 mm à distance de celui-ci, l'embout (2) étant sollicité par le corps de support (1) au moyen de ressorts de pression (13), de sorte que l'embout (2) est suspendu par rapport au corps de support (1) et est monté de manière à pouvoir céder de manière variable en fonction de la charge du moyen de guidage (3).
  4. Tête de meulage pour l'usinage mécanique de pièces selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle, au moyen de la crémaillère (9), la roue dentée (8) peut être tournée d'un angle de rotation constant sur l'arbre (10) du rouleau d'enroulement (7) lors de chaque réglage, par une course de déplacement constante de la crémaillère (9).
  5. Tête de ponçage pour l'usinage mécanique de pièces selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle le corps de support (1) est conçu à symétrie de rotation et, à l'extrémité inférieure du corps de support (1) dirigée vers le moyen de guidage (3), la garniture (2) forme un plateau (12) à symétrie de rotation, en dessous de ce plateau (12), vu en direction du moyen de guidage (3), à l'intérieur du rayon extérieur de celui-ci, le mécanisme d'entraînement de la bobine d'enroulement (7) pour le déplacement de la bande abrasive (4) au moyen de la roue dentée (8) à roue libre montée sur son arbre (10), dans lequel sont disposés le moyen de guidage (3) pour la bande abrasive (4) ainsi qu'un rouleau distributeur (6) associé en tant que moyen pour distribuer la bande abrasive (4) et le rouleau d'enroulement (7) pour la bande abrasive (4), et dans lequel il existe un canal d'alimentation séparé sous la forme d'un col de cygne pour le lubrifiant de refroidissement appartenant à la tête de meulage, à travers lequel le lubrifiant de refroidissement peut être amené à la surface de meulage pour le refroidissement et la lubrification du point de meulage.
  6. Procédé d'usinage par meulage de pièces, dans lequel une tête de meulage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 avec une bande abrasive (4) réglable, qui est guidée par un moyen de guidage (3), frappe la pièce avec un point de meulage (5) de la bande abrasive (4) et est guidée par une machine-outil le long d'un trajet de meulage programmé, la bande abrasive (4) étant déplacée au moyen d'une pression pneumatique ou hydraulique, pour le réajustement sans courant de celle-ci, et après des périodes commandées par programme, elle est réajustée sans courant au moins de la distance du point de meulage (5), en étant déroulée d'une bobine distributrice freinée (6) en vertu d'une bobine d'enroulement (7) tournée pneumatiquement ou hydrauliquement d'une mesure angulaire constante, puis réajustée et enroulée sur la bobine d'enroulement entraînée (7).
  7. Procédé d'usinage par abrasion de pièces selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la bande abrasive réglable (4), qui est guidée dans des rainures (19) autour du moyen de guidage (3) réalisé sous forme de prisme de guidage, lesquelles rainures (19) sont exclues de ses flancs (17, 18), est guidée autour d'une pointe arrondie du prisme de guidage (3), et la tête de meulage sollicite la pièce avec le point de meulage (5) de la bande abrasive (4) à la pointe du prisme de guidage (3).
  8. Machine-outil avec une tête de meulage couplée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5.
EP21740485.4A 2020-07-07 2021-07-05 Tête de meulage pour l'usinage de pièces à usiner Active EP4178761B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00838/20A CH716134B1 (de) 2020-07-07 2020-07-07 Schleifkopf für die maschinelle Bearbeitung von Werkstücken.
PCT/EP2021/068530 WO2022008455A1 (fr) 2020-07-07 2021-07-05 Tête de meulage pour l'usinage de pièces à usiner

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4178761A1 EP4178761A1 (fr) 2023-05-17
EP4178761C0 EP4178761C0 (fr) 2024-05-22
EP4178761B1 true EP4178761B1 (fr) 2024-05-22

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EP21740485.4A Active EP4178761B1 (fr) 2020-07-07 2021-07-05 Tête de meulage pour l'usinage de pièces à usiner

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EP (1) EP4178761B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH716134B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022008455A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021104526B4 (de) * 2021-02-25 2022-09-08 APEX Automatisierungs- & Präzisionstechnik GmbH Werkzeug mit einem Schleifbandhalter
CN120134145B (zh) * 2025-05-16 2025-07-15 二重(德阳)重型装备有限公司 大型多棱边锥体滑动面的研配装置及研配方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2901871A (en) * 1957-02-07 1959-09-01 J M Nash Company Method and machine for finishing the inner surfaces of hollow workpieces
JPS59156507A (ja) * 1983-02-25 1984-09-05 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 圧延ロ−ルの研削装置
DE4320945C2 (de) * 1993-06-24 1996-05-23 Grieshaber Masch Bandschleifmaschine

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EP4178761A1 (fr) 2023-05-17
CH716134B1 (de) 2020-11-13
EP4178761C0 (fr) 2024-05-22
WO2022008455A1 (fr) 2022-01-13

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