EP4203335A2 - Système d'émission/réception pour signaux radio avec voies d'émission et de réception séparées - Google Patents

Système d'émission/réception pour signaux radio avec voies d'émission et de réception séparées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4203335A2
EP4203335A2 EP23158348.5A EP23158348A EP4203335A2 EP 4203335 A2 EP4203335 A2 EP 4203335A2 EP 23158348 A EP23158348 A EP 23158348A EP 4203335 A2 EP4203335 A2 EP 4203335A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amplifier module
antenna
frequency
transmission
modem
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23158348.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4203335A3 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Spehl
Lars Reichardt
Aurel Papp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of EP4203335A2 publication Critical patent/EP4203335A2/fr
Publication of EP4203335A3 publication Critical patent/EP4203335A3/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B1/0458—Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/52—Circuit arrangements for protecting such amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3822—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving specially adapted for use in vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/74—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for increasing reliability, e.g. using redundant or spare channels or apparatus
    • H04B1/745—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for increasing reliability, e.g. using redundant or spare channels or apparatus using by-passing or self-healing methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/451—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B1/0466—Fault detection or indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/44—Transmit/receive switching
    • H04B1/48—Transmit/receive switching in circuits for connecting transmitter and receiver to a common transmission path, e.g. by energy of transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/101—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for measurement of specific parameters of the transmitter or components thereof
    • H04B17/103—Reflected power, e.g. return loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for transmitting and receiving radio signals, which has a control unit with a modem and a transmission amplifier module connected to the modem, an antenna unit arranged at a distance from the control unit with an antenna and a reception amplifier module connected to the antenna, and the control unit and the antenna unit connecting radio frequency cable includes.
  • the modem is designed to send (transmit, TX) and receive (receive, RX) radio signals by means of the antenna, and is therefore usually referred to as a TRX modem.
  • the system includes a radio frequency cable connecting the modem and the antenna.
  • the signals are inevitably attenuated during transmission in the high-frequency cable.
  • the attenuation by the cable is the greater, the longer the high-frequency cable on the one hand and the higher the frequency of the signals on the other hand.
  • the transmission quality can suffer as a result of the cable attenuation, which leads, for example, to bit errors that become noticeable as call drops in mobile communications, and the range and reception quality of a radio connection are reduced.
  • transmit amplifier modules power amplifier, PA
  • receive amplifier modules low noise amplifier, LNA
  • transmit amplifier modules are usually looped into the respective signal path, i.e. transmit path or receive path.
  • Reception amplifier modules are mostly integrated into the antenna unit in order to counteract noise from received signals, i.e. to reduce a noise figure of the reception path.
  • the receiving amplifier module is also integrated into the antenna unit to make it easier to handle.
  • the EP 0 905 915 A2 discloses such a system designed as a mobile radio adapter.
  • the mobile radio adapter comprises an antenna and in each case a reception amplifier module or transmission amplifier module which is arranged adjacent to the antenna and is connected to the antenna.
  • a mobile terminal device arranged at a distance from the reception amplifier module can be connected to the mobile radio adapter via two cables, one of the two cables being assigned exclusively to the transmission path and the reception path.
  • a system of the type mentioned at the beginning can be installed in a vehicle, usually in a motor vehicle, in order to enable the vehicle to communicate wirelessly, for example with an external mobile network, external WLAN access, an external Bluetooth device or with other vehicles (Car2X ).
  • the DE 44 10 542 A1 a system for using a mobile terminal in a vehicle.
  • the system includes an exterior antenna and a receive amplifier module disposed adjacent to and connected to the exterior antenna and a transmit amplifier module disposed within the vehicle.
  • the reception amplifier module and the transmission amplifier module are connected by means two coaxial cables connected to each other, which are each assigned exclusively to the transmission path and the reception path.
  • the DE 10 2006 021 514 A1 discloses another mobile radio subscriber system for a vehicle with an antenna, a receiving amplifier module arranged adjacent to the antenna and connected to the antenna, a coaxial cable and a transmitting amplifier module connected to the receiving amplifier module via the coaxial cable.
  • the coaxial cable is assigned to the transmission path and the reception path at the same time.
  • a mobile end device can be connected to the transmission amplifier module.
  • the function of the system can be impaired or the transmission amplification module can be damaged or destroyed, for example due to reflections in the high-frequency cable. Poor tuning can easily result from a specific installation situation of the system, incorrect adjustment of the amplifier modules or the like.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating an improved system for transmitting and receiving radio signals which avoids the disadvantages described and is very robust.
  • the invention also relates to a system for transmitting and receiving radio signals, which comprises a control unit with a modem and at least one transmission amplifier module connected to the modem, at least one antenna unit arranged at a distance from the control unit with an antenna and a reception amplifier module connected to the antenna, and a das Modem of the control device and the at least one antenna unit connecting high-frequency cable and which comprises a further antenna and the transmission amplifier module of the control device and the further antenna connecting further high-frequency cable.
  • the system separates the receive path from the transmit path, thereby protecting the transmit amplifier modules from signal reflection in the high-frequency cables are protected. This effectively prevents damage to or destruction of the transmission amplifier module or the modem.
  • the transmission amplifier module is arranged at the modem and only the reception amplifier module is integrated into the antenna unit.
  • This arrangement offers the advantage that the transmission amplifier module and the modem can be integrated in terms of circuitry, i.e. arranged on the same printed circuit board (PCB), with the modem taking over the control of the transmission amplifier module.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • external control lines between the modem and the transmission amplifier module can otherwise be omitted.
  • the transmission power of the modem can be reduced since the signals transmitted by the modem are amplified by the transmission amplifier module before transmission through the high-frequency cable.
  • the system is preferably designed to transmit and receive radio signals with a frequency above 3 GHz. At frequencies above 3 GHz, the attenuation by the high-frequency cable is very strong. Both the frequency bands for mobile communications (3.5 GHz) and the frequency bands for Car2X radio communication (5.9 GHz) are above 3 GHz.
  • an amplification factor of the transmission amplifier module and/or the reception amplifier module is equal to or greater than an attenuation factor of the high-frequency cable, and/or the transmission amplifier module and the reception amplifier module are dimensioned symmetrically.
  • the attenuation factor corresponds to an attenuation loss of a signal in the high-frequency cable, ie to a power loss caused by the cable.
  • the power loss is therefore compensated for by an amplification power which corresponds to the amplification factor which is at least as large.
  • the symmetrical dimensioning results in a balanced power transmission balance (link budget) between the sending direction and the receiving direction, which is primarily required for radio services that require certification, such as Bluetooth and Car2X.
  • the system advantageously includes an actuator for setting, in particular automatically, an amplification factor of the transmission amplifier module and/or the reception amplifier module.
  • the actuator can be implemented as software to provide the gain factor flexibly adjustable.
  • the amplification factor can be encoded, i.e. the amplification power of the transmitter amplifier module and/or the receiver amplifier module can be adjusted depending on the attenuation by the high-frequency cable.
  • the actuator can be designed with or without feedback. In the latter case, the actuator can be connected to a detector which detects the attenuation of the high-power cable to form a gain control loop.
  • the amplification factor is automatically and dynamically adjusted to different lengths of the high-performance cable by means of the control loop.
  • the system can include an actuator for, in particular, automatic setting of a usable frequency range and/or can be designed for, in particular, automatic tuning of a useful frequency.
  • the actuator enables tuning, in particular readjustment (synchronization) of the transmission amplifier module and/or the reception amplifier module with regard to the frequencies used in each case (TRX control loop).
  • TRX control loop The actuator can be part of a control loop to enable automatic and dynamic tuning.
  • the antenna unit comprises a high-frequency module, in particular a scalable one, in particular a filter, a mixer, a switch or a duplexer/triplexer.
  • a high-frequency module in particular a scalable one, in particular a filter, a mixer, a switch or a duplexer/triplexer.
  • the type and number of radio frequency modules depends on the bandwidth and/or the number of radio service channels supported.
  • the high-frequency module, the transmission amplifier module and / or the reception amplifier module in a Transmission direction and / or upstream in a receiving direction.
  • the high-frequency module can be looped into the transmission path and/or into the reception path on the antenna side or on the modem side.
  • the system is preferably designed to send and receive radio signals from different radio services and, in particular, the antenna unit includes a combiner or a frequency multiplexer.
  • the combiner or frequency multiplexer allows the use of a single high-frequency cable for the simultaneous or parallel transmission of radio signals from different radio services, i.e. different frequencies and bandwidths (GSM, UMTS, LTE mobile radio services and Car2X services).
  • the system includes a diagnostic unit for checking the functionality of the high-frequency cable.
  • the diagnostic unit can be based on a direct current (DC) resistance measurement.
  • the diagnostic unit can use a current window or a pulse width modulation signal for measurement purposes.
  • the diagnosis unit can reliably detect an interruption, a short circuit or a crushed high-frequency cable on its installation route (remote installation).
  • the system is configured to apply a direct current to the receive amplifier module via the radio frequency cable, and in particular comprises a bias tee (also referred to as a bias tee) and/or a direct current blocker (DC blocker).
  • a bias tee also referred to as a bias tee
  • DC blocker direct current blocker
  • figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a block diagram of a system 1 for transmitting and receiving radio signals, which is installed in a motor vehicle, for example.
  • the system 1 comprises a control unit 30 with a modem 31 and a transmission amplifier module 32 connected to the modem 31; Antenna 11 and a receiving amplifier module 12 connected to the antenna 11 and a high-frequency cable 20 connecting the control unit 30 and the antenna unit 10.
  • the system 1 is designed to transmit and receive radio signals with a frequency above 3 GHz and accordingly also enables such to be used Radio services whose frequency bands contain high frequencies.
  • the transmission path is at the reception amplifier module 12 and the reception path is looped past the transmission amplifier module 32, ie the reception amplifier module 12 is not in the transmission path and the transmission amplifier module 32 is not in the reception path.
  • figure 2 1 shows, in a schematic representation, a block diagram of an antenna unit 10 of a system for transmitting and receiving radio signals, which is not according to the invention.
  • an amplification factor of the transmission amplifier module 32 (see figure 1 ) and/or the reception amplifier module 12 is equal to or greater than an attenuation factor of the high-frequency cable 20.
  • the transmission amplifier module 32 and the reception amplifier module 12 are also dimensioned symmetrically.
  • the system also includes a diagnostic unit (not shown) for checking the functionality of the high-frequency cable 20 and is designed to apply a direct current to the receiving amplifier module 12 via the high-frequency cable 20 . It includes a bias tee and a DC blocker (neither shown).
  • the antenna unit 10 includes a protection circuit 40 (VSWR protection circuit) for protecting the transmission amplifier module 32 and/or the modem 31.
  • the protection circuit 40 includes a protection switch 42 with a reflected power detector, a terminating resistor 41 and a bypass line 43 and is configured a To direct the transmission signal by means of the bypass line 43 to the receiving amplifier module 12 over to the antenna 11 or to the terminating resistor 41 when one of reflected power detected by the reflected power detector exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • the protective switch 42 can be embodied as a semiconductor (HL) switch.
  • figure 3 1 shows, in a schematic representation, a block diagram of an antenna unit 10 of a further system for transmitting and receiving radio signals, which is not according to the invention.
  • the system has the same structure as in figure 2 system shown, wherein the protection circuit 40 is not shown here for the sake of clarity.
  • the system includes one or more scalable radio frequency modules that are in the figure 3 are shown as a filter 13, a mixer 14, a switch 15 and a duplexer 16 by way of example only.
  • the high-frequency modules are looped in between the antenna 11 and the reception amplifier module 12 and are connected upstream of the reception amplifier module 12 in a reception direction.
  • figure 4 1 shows, in a schematic representation, a block diagram of an antenna unit 10 of a third system, not according to the invention, for transmitting and receiving radio signals.
  • the system has the same structure as in figure 2 system shown, wherein the protection circuit 40 is not shown here for the sake of clarity.
  • the system is designed to send and receive radio signals of different radio services (GSM, UMTS, LTE mobile radio services and Car2X services) and the antenna unit 10 includes a combiner 17, but can also include a frequency multiplexer 18, which in the figure 4 is shown as an alternative.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications
  • LTE mobile radio services Long Term Evolution
  • Car2X Car2X services
  • FIG 5 shows a schematic representation of a block diagram of a fourth system 2, not according to the invention, for transmitting and receiving radio signals.
  • the system 2 includes an actuator 50 for automatically adjusting a gain factor of the transmit amplifier module 32 and the receive amplifier module 12.
  • the actuator 50 can also be designed to automatically set a usable frequency range or to automatically tune a useful frequency.
  • FIG 6 shows in a schematic representation a block diagram of a system 2 for transmitting and receiving radio signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system 2 comprises a control unit 30 with a modem 31, two transmission amplifier modules 32 connected to the modem 31, which are combined to form a transmission amplifier unit 33, an antenna 34 spaced apart from the control unit 30 and a transmission amplifier module 32 of the control unit 30 and the antenna 34 connecting high frequency cable 20.
  • the system 2 comprises two antenna units 10 arranged at a distance from the control unit 30, each with an antenna 11 and a receiving amplifier module 12 connected to the antenna 11, as well as two high-frequency cables 20 connecting the modem 31 of the control unit 30 and the antenna units 10.
  • the transmission path with the antenna 34 is completely separated from the two reception paths with the antenna units 10, i.e. the antennas 11 are used exclusively as receiving antennas (RX) and the antenna 34 is used exclusively as a transmitting antenna (TX).
  • An essential advantage of the system 2 according to the invention for transmitting and receiving radio signals is that, while being versatile in use, it is very robust in relation to different installation situations and thus different lengths of the high-frequency cable 20 . Further advantages can be seen in the simple structure of the system 2 and in the suitability of the system 2 for high frequencies of the radio signals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
EP23158348.5A 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission/réception pour signaux radio avec voies d'émission et de réception séparées Pending EP4203335A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018213029.9A DE102018213029A1 (de) 2018-08-03 2018-08-03 Sende-/Empfangssystem für Funksignale
PCT/EP2019/069260 WO2020025327A1 (fr) 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission et de réception de signaux radio à fonction de protection d'amplificateur d'émetteur intégrée
EP19742343.7A EP3830963B1 (fr) 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission et de réception de signaux radio à fonction de protection d'amplificateur d'émetteur intégrée

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19742343.7A Division EP3830963B1 (fr) 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission et de réception de signaux radio à fonction de protection d'amplificateur d'émetteur intégrée
EP19742343.7A Division-Into EP3830963B1 (fr) 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission et de réception de signaux radio à fonction de protection d'amplificateur d'émetteur intégrée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4203335A2 true EP4203335A2 (fr) 2023-06-28
EP4203335A3 EP4203335A3 (fr) 2023-09-13

Family

ID=67390069

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19742343.7A Active EP3830963B1 (fr) 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission et de réception de signaux radio à fonction de protection d'amplificateur d'émetteur intégrée
EP23158348.5A Pending EP4203335A3 (fr) 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission/réception pour signaux radio avec voies d'émission et de réception séparées

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19742343.7A Active EP3830963B1 (fr) 2018-08-03 2019-07-17 Système d'émission et de réception de signaux radio à fonction de protection d'amplificateur d'émetteur intégrée

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11394411B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3830963B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN112567634B (fr)
DE (1) DE102018213029A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020025327A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN113572493B (zh) * 2020-11-04 2022-09-23 中兴通讯股份有限公司 信号收发装置、信号放大装置、通信系统的运行方法
CN117095582B (zh) * 2023-08-29 2026-04-24 湖南六九零六信息科技股份有限公司 一种短波通信装备实训平台

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DE4410542A1 (de) 1994-03-26 1995-09-28 Kolbe & Co Hans Sende- und Empfangssystem für Mobilfunkgeräte
EP0782213B1 (fr) * 1995-12-18 1999-07-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Station radioélectrique avec une unité d'antenne séparée
EP0899980A1 (fr) * 1997-08-28 1999-03-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Réseau de télécommunications et méthode de propagation des états
EP0905915A2 (fr) 1997-09-29 1999-03-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Adaptateur externe pour un télephone cellulaire portable
DE102006021514A1 (de) 2006-05-04 2007-11-15 Funkwerk Dabendorf Gmbh Anordnung zur Übertragung von Signalen über eine Antennenzuleitung in einer Mobilfunk-Teilnehmerstation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4203335A3 (fr) 2023-09-13
CN112567634A (zh) 2021-03-26
EP3830963A1 (fr) 2021-06-09
WO2020025327A1 (fr) 2020-02-06
CN112567634B (zh) 2022-04-29
DE102018213029A1 (de) 2020-02-06
US11394411B2 (en) 2022-07-19
EP3830963B1 (fr) 2023-09-06
US20210273666A1 (en) 2021-09-02

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