EP4205263A1 - Agencement de machine électrique - Google Patents

Agencement de machine électrique

Info

Publication number
EP4205263A1
EP4205263A1 EP21739961.7A EP21739961A EP4205263A1 EP 4205263 A1 EP4205263 A1 EP 4205263A1 EP 21739961 A EP21739961 A EP 21739961A EP 4205263 A1 EP4205263 A1 EP 4205263A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
electrical machine
rotor
machine arrangement
designed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21739961.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Reimnitz
Ivo Agner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of EP4205263A1 publication Critical patent/EP4205263A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/193—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil with provision for replenishing the cooling medium; with means for preventing leakage of the cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/085—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at only one end of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical machine arrangement, comprising an electrical machine for driving an electrically drivable motor vehicle, having a stator and a rotor, and comprising a component supporting the stator (such as a housing) and an output element in rotationally fixed contact with the rotor (such as an output shaft).
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing an electrical machine arrangement with an electrical machine that has a possible space-saving design and at the same time a highly precise positioning of the rotor and stator to each other.
  • An electrical machine arrangement having the features of patent claim 1.
  • An electrical machine arrangement according to the invention comprises an electrical machine with a stator and a rotor, a component supporting the stator and an output element in non-rotatable contact with the rotor.
  • the stator is arranged supported against the rotor via at least one first bearing and is decoupled from the rotational movement of the rotor.
  • stator is mounted on the rotor also makes the electric motor less sensitive to positional deviations, installation tolerances or temporary displacements of the rotor shaft that occur during ferry operation. Since the stator is mounted on the rotor, the position of the stator is directly linked to the current position of the rotor, so that changes in the position of the rotor shaft affect the rotor and stator equally.
  • Electrical machines are used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and/or vice versa, and generally include a stationary part referred to as a stator, stand or armature and a part referred to as a rotor or runner and arranged movably relative to the stationary part.
  • a radial flux machine is characterized in that the magnetic field lines extend in the radial direction in the air gap formed between rotor and stator, while in the case of an axial flux machine the magnetic field lines extend in the axial direction in the air gap formed between rotor and stator.
  • the housing encloses the electrical machine.
  • a housing can also accommodate the control and power electronics.
  • the housing can also be part of a cooling system for the electric machine and can be designed in such a way that cooling fluid can be supplied to the electric machine via the housing and/or the heat can be dissipated to the outside via the housing surfaces.
  • the housing protects the electrical machine and any electronics that may be present from external influences.
  • the stator of a radial flow machine is usually constructed cylindrically and generally consists of electrical laminations that are electrically insulated from one another and are constructed in layers and packaged to form laminated cores. This structure keeps the eddy currents in the stator caused by the stator field low. Distributed over the circumference, grooves or circumferentially closed recesses are embedded in the electrical lamination running parallel to the rotor shaft, which accommodate the stator winding or parts of the stator winding. Depending on the construction towards the surface, the slots can be closed with locking elements such as locking wedges or covers or the like in order to prevent the stator winding from being detached.
  • a rotor is the spinning (rotating) part of an electrical machine.
  • the rotor generally comprises a rotor shaft and one or more rotor bodies arranged on the rotor shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the rotor shaft can also be hollow, which on the one hand saves weight and on the other hand allows lubricant or coolant to be supplied to the rotor body. If the rotor shaft is hollow, components, for example shafts, from adjacent units can protrude into the rotor or through the rotor without negatively influencing the functioning of the electrical machine.
  • the gap between the rotor and the stator is called the air gap.
  • a radial flux machine this is an axially extending annular gap with a radial width that corresponds to the distance between the rotor body and the stator body.
  • the magnetic flux in an electrical axial flux machine such as an electrical drive machine of a motor vehicle designed as an axial flux machine, is directed axially in the air gap between the stator and rotor, parallel to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine.
  • the air gap that is formed in an axial flow machine is thus essentially in the form of a ring disk.
  • the magnetic flux in an electrical axial flux machine is directed axially in the air gap between the stator and rotor, parallel to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine.
  • Axial flux machines are differentiated, among other things with a view to their expansion, into axial flux machines in an (-arrangement and in axial flux machines in an H-arrangement.
  • An axial flux machine in an I-arrangement is understood as an electrical machine in which a single rotor disk of the electrical machine is placed between two stator halves of a stator of the electrical machine and can be acted upon by a rotating electromagnetic field under an axial flow machine in an H arrangement understood as an electrical machine in which two rotor disks of a rotor of the electrical machine in the annular space located axially between them receive a stator of the electrical machine, via which the two rotor disks can be subjected to a rotating electromagnetic field.
  • the component supporting the stator is designed as a housing of the electrical machine, which ensures a correspondingly compact design and corresponding protection of the rotor and stator as well as their mutual storage.
  • the rotor is mounted on the supporting component via a second bearing by means of at least one first bearing point. If the stator is supported on the rotor, the task of the rotor bearing is to support the entire electric machine and to ensure the correct position and alignment of the electric machine relative to its surrounding components.
  • the rotor position and the position of the overall system can be stabilized in a simple manner by the rotor being mounted on the supporting component, which is embodied as a housing, for example.
  • the stator is supported with the interposition of a length compensation element in the direction of rotation and is connected to the component supporting the stator at least in an axially movable manner.
  • the torque support which is preferably arranged on the radially outer area of the stator by the length compensation element, in combination with the first bearing via which the stator is supported on the rotor and is decoupled from the rotary movement of the rotor, decouples the stator from the rotary movement of the rotor and thus prevents the stator is twisted to an impermissible extent or rotates as well.
  • This torque support supports the reaction torque that always occurs when the engine generates a torque that is transmitted from the rotor shaft to a downstream unit of the drive train.
  • the stator is above the length compensation element almost permanently connected to the engine housing, as is necessary for the engine to function.
  • the torque support is not a relevant limitation, so that the stator can always be aligned with the position of the rotor through the bearing point between the stator and rotor and can also follow changes in the rotor's position, such as those caused by elastic deformation or thermal expansion in ferry operation of the electric motor housing and/or the electric motor shaft.
  • the length compensation element is designed as an extension that extends in the axial direction or in the radial direction, which is guided in some areas in a corresponding recess, the extension being connected either to the stator or to the component supporting the stator, and the corresponding recess in the supporting component or is formed in the stator.
  • the invention can also be further developed in such a way that the extension is arranged in the corresponding recess via an elastic element under the action of a force at least in one circumferential direction.
  • the advantage of this configuration is that defined by the elasticity of the elastic element, small axial and radial displacements and slight tilting between the extension designed as a pin, for example, and the corresponding recess designed as a cylindrical bore, for example, are made possible.
  • This displacement capacity between the housing of the electrical machine and the stator housing is negligible in terms of torque support in the circumferential direction, but it is sufficiently large with regard to all other movements that the stator has to perform in order to follow the position of the rotor.
  • the elastic element is designed as an elastomer or as a spiral or leaf spring, as a result of which a simple and space-saving elastic torque support is achieved.
  • This enables relative movements and effectively prevents rattling noises.
  • the torque support between the stator and the housing can also take place in other ways. It is particularly useful to transmit the torque in the form of a tangential force via an element that is also arranged tangentially or approximately tangentially.
  • This tangentially arranged element should have a slender, elongated shape, with a fastening point adjoining the opposite end regions in the longitudinal direction, with which the element can be fastened to the stator on one side and to the housing of the electrical machine on the other side.
  • the torque of the electrical machine can then be transmitted in the form of tensile or compressive forces in the longitudinal direction of the element. All other movements of the stator are made possible by elastic deformation of the element. These elastic deformations essentially take place as a result of elastic deflection of the two end regions relative to one another (the elastic deflection takes place mainly orthogonally to the longitudinal direction of the element and as a result of torsion of the element).
  • the invention can be further developed such that the length compensation element is formed from at least one leaf spring connected circumferentially to the stator or from at least one leaf spring assembly connected circumferentially to the stator.
  • the length compensation element is formed by a plurality of leaf springs distributed circumferentially on the stator connected to it or a plurality of leaf spring packets distributed circumferentially connected to the stator.
  • High torques can be supported particularly well by means of several length compensation elements distributed around the circumference.
  • the combination of several leaf springs distributed around the circumference allows for significantly less radial displacement of the stator relative to the housing than is the case with a single length compensation element. Therefore, a stator connected via several length compensation elements distributed around the circumference must be aligned very precisely to the axis of rotation of the rotor during assembly.
  • the length compensation elements distributed on the circumference want to prevent the stator from later radially wandering away from this position, the length compensation elements distributed on the circumference absorb radial forces of the stator and transfer them to the housing. Therefore, a stator fixed with a plurality of leaf springs arranged distributed on the circumference transmits almost no radial supporting force caused by the torque via the bearing between the stator and rotor on the rotor, as is the case with stators that are supported on the housing with only one length compensation element that transmits forces only in the tangential direction. As a result, several length compensation elements distributed around the circumference are well suited to supporting stators of electrical machines that generate particularly high torques.
  • the torque can also be supported via an inherently rigid tangentially or approximately tangentially arranged element if the two spaced-apart fastening points via which the element is connected on the one side to the stator and on the other side to the housing of the electrical machine or a other component supporting the stator, allow rotational movements in several spatial directions but at the same time keep the distance between the two attachment points on the stator and on the housing constant.
  • the invention can also be implemented in an advantageous manner in that the length compensation element is designed as a coupling rod.
  • the coupling rod has an articulated connection, in particular a ball joint connection, or an elastic connection, in particular a connection head equipped with an elastomer, on at least one of its free axial ends.
  • an articulated connection in particular a ball joint connection
  • an elastic connection in particular a connection head equipped with an elastomer, on at least one of its free axial ends. Due to a clear functional separation between the elongated, kink-resistant area of the torque support through which the tangential forces of the stator caused by the motor torque are transmitted in the form of tensile or compressive forces between the two attachment points of the length compensation element and the attachment points that can be tilted in all spatial directions, I can also say that one is particularly good implement torque support suitable for high torques, which at the same time allows large axial and radial displacements as well as tilting and wobbling movements of the stator.
  • a torque support with two attachment points offset on the circumference is arranged in such a way that, viewed in the circumferential direction in which the electric machine transmits the greater torque to the downstream components during operation, the attachment point of the torque support on the stator is in front of the attachment points of the torque support on the den component that supports the stator (e.g. the housing of the electrical machine), so that the greatest torque of the electrical machine is transmitted in the form of a tangential tensile force via the torque support.
  • the torque support In the other circumferential direction, in which the electric machine delivers the lower torque, the torque support then transmits this torque through compressive forces.
  • the length compensation element is designed as a supply line for coolant which extends in the axial direction or in the radial direction and is designed as a corrugated tube.
  • the corrugated tube is an elastic component that can transmit forces between two spaced attachment points and at the same time tightly encloses an inner cavity, the corrugated tube can serve as a torque support and as a supply line at the same time. The corrugated tube then transmits the tangential forces caused by the torque of the electric machine from the electric machine stator to the component (eg, a housing) supporting the electric machine.
  • the axial movements, radial movements and tilting movements of the stator are not significantly influenced by the flexibility of the corrugated tube, since the corrugated tube can deform elastically within the scope of these small spatial displacements and always forms a tight interior space through which the sensor can be passed.
  • the supply lines are designed to compensate for an axial displacement of the stator that is permitted due to the interposition of the length compensation element between the stator and the component supporting the stator, by a predetermined maximum distance.
  • the stator can align itself with the current position of the rotor but does not rotate, and all connection or supply lines (e.g. cables, busbars, hoses or pipes) that are required for the power supply, control, cooling and monitoring of the Stators are necessary, are designed to be flexible between the stator and the electric motor housing and the stator is connected to the electric motor housing by a torque support element that is also flexible (above also referred to as a length compensation element).
  • a supply line designed as a coolant line is formed at least in sections by an elastic and/or displaceable seal, by an elastic corrugated pipe, by an elastic bellows or by an elastic hose, such that a coolant supply to the stator is guaranteed in all axial positions that are made possible by the axial length compensation element between the stator and the component supporting the stator.
  • the supply line designed as a coolant line comprises a tube section which is designed with an elastic and/or displaceable seal at at least one axial end and is arranged displaceably guided in a receptacle. This creates a particularly stable and long-lasting solution for a supply line for coolant that can be moved in certain areas.
  • the coupling rod for supplying coolant to the stator is hollow on the inside and/or is designed to be electrically conductive at least in regions for the electrical supply of the stator.
  • a supply line designed as a power line is designed to be elastic in length at least in sections or is dimensioned in terms of its length and design in such a way that an electrical supply of the stator is possible in all axial positions that are caused by the axial length compensation element between the stator and the the stator supporting component are made possible is guaranteed.
  • a supply line designed as a power line has at least in some areas a length compensation section that enables the supply line to be extended, the length compensation section being provided in particular by a cable, by an elastic busbar, by a spiral conductor or by an elastic , Electrically conductive conductor mesh is formed. Because the supply lines allow length compensation and can thus adapt to changing distances between two attachment points, the stator can move within a limited space without damaging the supply lines.
  • the length compensation of the connecting lines makes sense both when the supply line is arranged essentially parallel to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine and an axial displacement of the rotor directly causes a change in length of the supply direction, as well as when the supply line is arranged mainly radially and an axial displacement of the Stator causes an approximately S-shaped deformation or inclination of the supply line, which also changes the length of the supply line.
  • the invention can also be advantageously implemented such that the supply lines designed as power lines for the electrical supply of the electrical machine are formed by at least two leaf springs or leaf spring assemblies distributed circumferentially on the stator.
  • a complex redirection of the stator winding ends to a common central connection point can be omitted and the stator winding ends can be connected circumferentially where they come out circumferentially on the stator at the end of the winding.
  • the supply line designed as a power line can advantageously be formed like a flat strip, the power line being connected to the stator in such a way that the strip plane of the power line is perpendicular to the axial Direction of movement of the stator extends.
  • the power line has by far its smallest width perpendicular to the strip plane and is therefore most flexible perpendicular to the strip plane. If the strip plane is aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor and thus perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator, the direction in which the current line has the greatest flexibility is aligned in the same direction in which the largest displacements of the stator are to be expected.
  • This alignment and the flat strip-like shape make it particularly economical to implement power lines that have a sufficiently large cross section to transmit the current for the electrical machine and at the same time are sufficiently flexible in the axial direction of the electrical machine.
  • the rotor is preferably mounted on the stator via the first bearing, which is arranged in an annular gap formed in the radial direction between the rotor and the stator, by means of a first bearing point and by means of a second bearing point, which is spaced apart axially from the first bearing point—particularly preferably such that the rotor is mounted in an axially fixed manner via a first roller bearing, which is arranged in an axially fixed manner between abutment points formed in the stator and in the rotor, and via a second roller bearing, which is arranged in an axially fixed manner between abutment points formed in the stator and in the rotor.
  • the axial abutment points which enable both roller bearings to transmit axial forces between the stator and the rotor in at least one direction, also enable the axial fixation of the stator and rotor relative to one another. If each of the two roller bearings can transmit axial forces between the stator and rotor in the opposite direction through the axial abutment, this is a good prerequisite for being able to design the roller bearings as angular contact ball bearings or tapered roller bearings. If these two angular contact ball bearings or tapered roller bearings are arranged in an O arrangement, a particularly tilt-resistant bearing is created between the stator and rotor.
  • a storage concept is proposed, which is designed so that first a functional and testable unit can be created from the rotor and the stator mounted on it, which then, without they have to dismantle again, can be used in a motor vehicle or a unit of a motor vehicle.
  • the torque support elements can be arranged radially outside of the stator and/or axially next to the stator.
  • the torque can be supported by an element that can transfer tangential forces between the stator and a component supporting the stator and, due to its flexible connection or its elasticity, behaves resiliently to loads in other spatial directions or torsion.
  • This tangentially arranged element can have a slender, elongated shape, at whose opposite end regions in the longitudinal direction there is a respective attachment point, with which the element is attached on one side to the stator and on the other side to the housing of the electrical machine or another electrical machine supporting component, can be attached.
  • a connecting line that is used for the power supply, control, cooling and/or monitoring of the stator can be designed and connected to the stator and an element supporting the stator in such a way that it can also serve as a torque support for the stator at the same time.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section of an electrical axial flux machine in an H arrangement, in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 2 shows an axial section of an electrical axial flux machine in an I arrangement, in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 3 shows the electrical axial flow machine in an I arrangement according to FIG. 2 with a different arrangement of torque-supporting length compensation elements in an axial section, in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 4 shows an electrical axial flow machine in an I arrangement with a torque support via leaf springs, a power supply via electrical busbars and a coolant supply via movably mounted conduits in a perspective view
  • FIG. 5 shows an electrical axial flow machine in an I arrangement with a torque support via a rigid coupling rod arranged approximately tangentially
  • Figure 6 shows an electrical axial flux machine with a structurally simple torque support via a pin mounted in a recess, in a schematic representation, once in an axial top view (top) and once in a perspective view (below), with the bottom representation of the pin being designed as a leaf spring elastic element is subjected to a force in the circumferential direction, and
  • Figure 7 is an electrical radial flow machine in an axial section, in a schematic representation - and thus that the example of different Axial flow machines presented solutions are also transferrable to radial flow machines.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 with an electrical machine 2 designed as an axial flux machine in an H arrangement in an axial section, in a schematic representation.
  • the illustration shows an axial flux motor in an H-arrangement, the rotor shaft W of which (designed here as an integral part of the output element 100 designed as a drive shaft) is mounted in a housing 7 which surrounds the electric machine 2 .
  • the rotor shaft W is rotatably supported via a bearing 62 with one bearing 621 , 622 each in the housing side walls of the housing 7 arranged to the right and left of the electric machine 2 .
  • the output element which is designed in one piece with the rotor shaft W and is in the form of an output shaft, is connected to a gear stage 22 via an external toothing of the output shaft.
  • the stator 3 is arranged between the two disk-shaped rotor halves of the rotor 4 and is supported on the rotor 4 via a further bearing 61 (consisting of two bearing points 611, 612 designed as angular ball bearings in an O arrangement in the figure).
  • stator 3 Due to this bearing point 61 arranged on the radially inner area of the stator 3 and the torque support preferably arranged on the radially outer area of the stator 3 by a length compensation element 8, the stator 3 is decoupled from the rotary movement of the rotor 4 and thus prevents the stator 3 from rotating impermissibly widely twisted or co-rotated.
  • This torque support supports the reaction torque that always arises when the electric machine 2 generates a torque that is transmitted from the rotor shaft W to a downstream assembly of the drive train. Viewed in the circumferential direction, the stator 3 is virtually firmly connected to the housing 7 via the torque support, as is necessary for the function of the motor.
  • the torque support does not represent a relevant restriction, so that the stator 3 can always align itself with the position of the rotor 4 thanks to the bearing 61 between the stator 3 and rotor 4 and can also follow changes in the position of the rotor 4, as they occur, for example, in Fahr sunny by elastic deformation or thermal expansion of the housing 7 and / or the rotor shaft W can occur.
  • the torque support or the Length compensation element 8 is realized by an elastic plastic or rubber sleeve, which is introduced into a recess 30 designed as a cylindrical bore in the stator housing and which is plugged in the middle onto an extension 81 designed as a pin, which is anchored in the housing 7 .
  • the hole in the stator housing, the rubber sleeve and the pin anchored in the housing 7 are arranged concentrically to one another and aligned coaxially with the axis of rotation of the electrical machine 2 .
  • the torque of the electrical machine 2 leads to a tangential force on the radial outer area of the stator 3, which is transmitted in the form of a force running radially to the pin of the torque support from the stator housing bore through the rubber sleeve to the pin (and vice versa). Due to the elasticity of the rubber sleeve, slight axial and radial displacements and slight tilting between the pin and the cylindrical bore are possible.
  • the coolant is supplied through the supply lines 9 designed as elastic elements (e.g. elastic connecting lines).
  • This supply line 9 can be implemented, for example, by using a metal corrugated tube or by using a rubber hose (possibly also in the form of a hydraulic hose with fabric reinforcement).
  • a shaft grounding element 11 designed as a shaft grounding ring is arranged between the rotor 4 and the housing 7 . This is arranged between an axially projecting from the housing wall and an axially from the rotor body annular flange.
  • a rotor position sensor 12 is also provided in order to be able to reliably detect the rotary rotor position at any time.
  • FIG. 2 shows an axial section of an electrical machine 2 designed as an electrical axial flow machine in an I arrangement, in a schematic representation. It is well illustrated here that the functional principle already presented in FIG can be transferred to an axial flux motor in an I arrangement. Components with the same effect are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.
  • FIG. 3 shows the electric axial flux machine in an I-arrangement according to FIG.
  • These elements can also be arranged completely or partially axially next to the electrical machine 2. This can be implemented particularly well in the case of axial flux motors in an I arrangement, since the two stator halves of the stator 3 which surround the rotor 4 form the axially outer components of the electrical machine 2 .
  • the torque support is again realized by the rubber sleeve already known from FIG. In this case, however, this is arranged axially next to the stator 3 .
  • the torque support is arranged relatively far radially outwards, despite the arrangement next to the stator 3, in order to reduce the forces introduced into the torque support by the motor torque.
  • FIG. 3 shows a supply line 9 designed as a coolant supply line, which is connected radially on the inside to the right-hand end face of the stator.
  • This supply line 9 is connected to the stator 3 via an angle piece, which is adjoined by an elastic area which runs in the radial direction and which merges into a tube.
  • Connecting the connecting elements (e.g. cables, conductor rails, pipes or hoses) to the stator 3 as far inside as possible is particularly useful, since the displacements caused by the tilting movements of the stator 3 are smaller there than radially outwards and thus the resulting elastic deformations of the connecting elements are reduced can become.
  • a further supply line is arranged in the axial direction on the left end face of the stator 3 .
  • Any number of electrical and hydraulic lines can also be arranged on this side in different radial positions and in different orientations. Only the housed stator 3 of the axial flow machine is shown in the I-arrangement in FIGS. 4-6, the rotor 4 being covered by the stator halves which are connected to one another radially on the outside and housed in the stator housing.
  • Figure 4 shows an electrical machine 2 designed as an electrical axial flow machine in an I arrangement with a length compensation element 8 designed as a torque support via leaf springs 84, a power supply via electrical busbars and a coolant supply via movably mounted pipe sections 90 in a perspective view.
  • the length compensation element 8 is formed from a total of three leaf springs 84 or leaf spring assemblies 840 connected circumferentially to at least one axial end face of the stator 3.
  • leaf spring packages 840 consist of several leaf springs 84 lying one above the other and fixed to the neighboring components with the same fasteners (rivets).
  • the leaf springs 84 are made of thin spring steel sheet and mounted in such a way that their sheet metal planes are (approximately) orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the electric machine 2 (axial direction). are aligned.
  • One end of each of the leaf spring assemblies 840 is attached to the stator 3 of the electric machine 2 and the other end to an element supporting the electric machine 2 (eg a housing 7—not shown in the figure).
  • the leaf spring packs 840 which are axially soft due to their structure, can take part in the displacement and at the same time support the electric machine 2 in the circumferential direction, so that the motor torque can be transmitted through the leaf springs 84 to the element supporting the electric machine 2.
  • the three leaf spring assemblies 840 arranged on the circumference together also have a radially centering effect on the stator 3. Therefore, the electric machine 2 must have its axis of rotation exactly coaxial to the axis of rotation of the output element 100 - e.g. the transmission input shaft (or the differently designed downstream unit). - to be assembled.
  • the electric Machine 2 can also be precisely aligned with its neighboring unit using pinned centering holes.
  • centering holes must then be drilled on the housing 7, precisely aligned with the axis of rotation of the neighboring unit (transmission), and centering holes on the leaf springs 84, precisely aligned with the axis of rotation of the rotor 4, which are then pinned together.
  • leaf springs 84 are part of the transmission housing in terms of assembly, the precisely drilled centering holes must of course be introduced into the stator 3 and the leaf spring assemblies 840 .
  • Fastening elements are shown in the lower and left part of the illustration, which are riveted to the leaf springs 84 and have fastening holes or into which the centner holes can be drilled, via which the leaf spring assemblies 840 are then screwed to the housing 7 .
  • this exemplary embodiment can also be equipped with only one leaf spring pack 84 .
  • a single set of leaf springs 840 cannot radially center the electrical machine 2 and therefore does not require such precise alignment during assembly. The centering of the stator 3 then only takes place via the bearing of the stator 3 on the rotor 4 or the rotor shaft W.
  • FIG. 5 shows an electric machine 2 designed as an electric axial flux machine in an I-arrangement with a torque support via a length compensation element 8 by means of an approximately tangentially arranged, rigid coupling rod 85.
  • the coupling rod 85 shown is connected to the stator 3 and a den Stator 3 supporting component connected.
  • these fastening points are each designed as ball heads that allow rotational movements in several spatial directions.
  • the torque support can prevent the stator 3 from also rotating unintentionally and at the same time adapt to radial and axial displacements of the stator 3 without impeding these movements.
  • the cooling liquid (or a fluid that fulfills a different task) is supplied and discharged through two supply lines 9 designed as elastic corrugated tubes.
  • These corrugated tubes can be made of metal or plastic, for example.
  • the fluid can also be supplied via hoses, eg via Hoses with fabric reinforcement, as is the case with hydraulic hoses, for example.
  • hoses eg via Hoses with fabric reinforcement, as is the case with hydraulic hoses, for example.
  • Several elastic elements can also be arranged one behind the other. For example, it makes sense to arrange a rigid connecting element such as a piece of pipe between two elastic elements, via which it is then connected to the stator 3 and to the component providing the fluid. Due to the rigid element between the two elastic elements, most movements of the stator 3 result in only small angular movements in the elastic elements. This reduces the deformation of the elastic elements, so that smaller and cheaper elastic elements can be used.
  • three electrical supply lines 9 designed as bent electrical conductors are provided in the exemplary embodiment in FIG.
  • the conductors connect the stator 3 to a component providing the electrical current (not shown in the figure). Due to the curvature of the bent conductors, the conductors become more flexible and can elastically compensate for movements of the stator 3 relative to the adjacent component in all spatial directions. The longer the conductor and the more it is arched or curved, the more flexible it becomes.
  • Conductors bent in a spiral shape or conductors bent in a meandering shape are particularly well suited for accommodating a sufficiently elastic conductor in a small space.
  • the conductors can be solid (e.g. in the form of a straight or curved rod) or they can be composed of thinner wires, such as is the case with cables or metal mesh.
  • Figure 6 shows an electrical machine 2 designed as an electrical axial flux machine with a structurally simple torque support via a journal mounted in a recess, in a schematic representation, once in an axial top view (top) and once in a perspective view (below), with the lower representation of the Pin is acted upon by a force designed as a leaf spring elastic element in the circumferential direction.
  • the torque is supported here via a stop acting in the circumferential direction or a form fit between the stator 3 of the electric machine 2 and the housing 7 (or another element supporting the electric machine 2).
  • an extension 81 connected to the stator 3 protrudes into a slot in the housing 7 .
  • one side or the other of the extension lies tangentially against the corresponding contact surface of the slot in the housing 7 . If the torque direction changes, the stator 3 rotates minimally until the tangential play is overcome and the previously unloaded stop surfaces of the stator 3 and housing 7 come into contact and can thus transmit the tangential force caused by the torque. Radial and axial movements of the stator 3 are still possible since the extension 81 can be displaced radially and axially in the slot.
  • the torque support With this design of the torque support, it makes particular sense to position it radially as far outside as possible on the stator 3 of the electric machine 2 in order to create the greatest possible distance between the axis of rotation of the electric machine 2 and the contact point of the torque support. Due to this large distance between the axis of rotation of the electric machine 2 and the contact point of the torque support, the tangential support force is reduced and thus also the sliding friction that occurs during axial or radial displacements of the stator 3 when torque is transmitted at the same time. In order to further reduce the friction that occurs or to reduce wear at the contact points, the contact points can also be coated or additional components made of friction-reducing and/or wear-resistant material can be arranged between the extension of the electrical machine 2 and the housing 7 .
  • the housing 7 can also have an extension which protrudes into the stator 3 instead of the stator 3 protruding into the housing 7 with an extension 81 .
  • the torque support subject to play can also be provided with a spring mechanism that exerts a tangential force on the stator 3, the electric machine 2 and/or the torque support (illustration below). Due to the tangential spring force, the spring exerts a torque on the stator 3, which torque is superimposed on the torque with which the stator 3 must be supported on the torque support in order to drive the rotor shaft W.
  • the flank change in the torque support with play occurs when the torque crosses zero, can be shifted to other engine torques by the spring mechanism. With the correct dimensioning of the spring mechanism, the flank change can thus be placed in an engine torque range in which the flank change is not disruptive.
  • the edge change in a torque range that is rarely passed through in order to reduce the number of edge changes.
  • the wear on the torque support can be reduced.
  • the flank change in a torque range in which possible rattling noises from the torque support do not interfere, since they are masked by other driving noises. If the spring mechanism is strong enough, the motor can also be pressed so hard in one direction against a contact surface (flank) of the torque arm that the motor torque in the opposite direction is never, or almost never, large enough to overcome the force of the spring mechanism and a flank change in the torque support.
  • the spring mechanism shown consists of a curved leaf spring which is fixed to the housing 7 and whose free resilient end lies between the extension 81 and the adjacent contact surface of the housing gap.
  • the free end of the spring can thus exert a tangentially acting force on the extension 81 of the stator 3, which presses it against the opposite contact surface of the housing gap. Since the spring is arranged between the extension 81 and one of the two contact surfaces of the housing 7, it also protects the contact surface of the housing 7 behind the spring from wear. This effect can also be used for the opposite contact point between extension 81 and slot by mounting a high-strength or hardened sheet metal part between extension 81 and slot there as well. You can even use an identical spring for this if you install it in such a way that it does not exert any force in the direction of the extension 81 or is significantly weaker than the opposite spring.
  • FIG. 7 shows an axial section of an electrical machine 2 designed as an electrical radial flux machine, in a schematic representation—thus illustrating that the solutions presented using the example of various axial flux machines can also be transferred to radial flux machines.
  • Figure 7 shows a Radial flow machine which is supported with its stator housing via corresponding length compensation elements 8 for torque support of the stator 3 against the housing 7 of the electrical machine 2.
  • the rotor 4 is supported on the stator via the bearing point 61 and the rotor 4 is supported with its rotor shaft W on opposite sides of the housing 7 in housing walls. Otherwise, the properties described above with regard to axial flux machines also apply analogously to the radial flux machine shown—or they can be implemented accordingly.
  • the axially elastic elements (length compensation elements 8) shown in the exemplary embodiments, which serve to support the torque or are part of the flexible lines between the stator 3 and the components surrounding the stator 3, are always only shown as examples of elements with these properties. In all of the exemplary embodiments, differently designed elements can always be used if they have comparable properties to the detailed solutions shown.
  • the mounting of the stator 3 on the rotor 4 or the rotor shaft W presented here is particularly useful for axial flux motors, since these electric motors are particularly sensitive to axial forces acting on them or long tolerance chains that affect the air gaps due to their slim, disc-shaped design between rotor and stator.
  • the mounting of the stator 3 on the rotor 4 is also useful for all other electric motors in order to reduce the axial force load on the structure of the electric motors and to be able to ensure a very precise alignment between the stator 3 and the rotor 4 over the long term.
  • the storage variants described here are not only applicable to e-axles.
  • the storage variants can also be used for electric motors that are arranged at other points in a motor vehicle.
  • the storage can also be used independently of the type of units driven by the electric motors.
  • a spur gear stage 22 is always shown in the illustrations, which is intended to indicate a transmission that absorbs the torque of the electric machine 2 .
  • other aggregates or drive train components can also be driven will.
  • the electric motor it is also possible for the electric motor to be connected directly to a drive wheel.
  • drive train is understood to mean all components of a motor vehicle that generate power for driving the motor vehicle and transmit it to the road via the vehicle wheels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un agencement de machine électrique (1) comprenant une machine électrique (2) ayant un stator (3) et un rotor (4), comprenant en outre un composant (6) supportant le stator (3), et comprenant un élément de sortie (100) qui est en contact avec le rotor (4) pour une rotation conjointe avec celui-ci. Selon l'invention, le stator (3) est supporté par rapport au rotor (4) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un premier palier (61) de manière à être découplé du mouvement de rotation du rotor (4).
EP21739961.7A 2020-08-26 2021-07-01 Agencement de machine électrique Pending EP4205263A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020122250.5A DE102020122250A1 (de) 2020-08-26 2020-08-26 Elektrische Maschinenanordnung
PCT/DE2021/100561 WO2022042786A1 (fr) 2020-08-26 2021-07-01 Agencement de machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4205263A1 true EP4205263A1 (fr) 2023-07-05

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EP21739961.7A Pending EP4205263A1 (fr) 2020-08-26 2021-07-01 Agencement de machine électrique

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US (1) US12341410B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP4205263A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115699516A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020122250A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022042786A1 (fr)

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DE102023117322A1 (de) * 2023-06-30 2025-01-02 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Elektromaschine mit Statorhülsen-Verdrehsicherung

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US12341410B2 (en) 2025-06-24
US20230353019A1 (en) 2023-11-02
CN115699516A (zh) 2023-02-03
WO2022042786A1 (fr) 2022-03-03
DE102020122250A1 (de) 2022-03-03

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