EP4215812B1 - Procédé d'allumage à sécurité intrinsèque et à mélange pauvre d'air et de gaz combustible dans un brûleur à gaz - Google Patents

Procédé d'allumage à sécurité intrinsèque et à mélange pauvre d'air et de gaz combustible dans un brûleur à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4215812B1
EP4215812B1 EP23150998.5A EP23150998A EP4215812B1 EP 4215812 B1 EP4215812 B1 EP 4215812B1 EP 23150998 A EP23150998 A EP 23150998A EP 4215812 B1 EP4215812 B1 EP 4215812B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel gas
ignition
flow path
actuator
throttle
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Application number
EP23150998.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4215812A1 (fr
Inventor
Jens Hermann
Bernhard Simon
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Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
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Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
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Publication of EP4215812A1 publication Critical patent/EP4215812A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/007—Regulating fuel supply using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2208/00—Control devices associated with burners
    • F23D2208/10—Sensing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2400/00—Pretreatment and supply of gaseous fuel
    • F23K2400/20—Supply line arrangements
    • F23K2400/201—Control devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
    • F23K2900/05002—Valves for gaseous fuel supply lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F23N2225/06—Measuring pressure for determining flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/02—Starting or ignition cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05181—Controlling air to fuel ratio by using a single differential pressure detector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for fail-safe and lean ignition of a fuel gas-air mixture on a gas burner and in particular in a heating boiler.
  • the invention further relates to such a heating boiler which is designed to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • Such heating boilers usually have a gas burner for burning the fuel gas-air mixture, a mixing device arranged upstream of the gas burner for mixing a fuel gas flowing along a fuel gas flow path inflowing fuel gas and air flowing along an air flow path to the fuel gas-air mixture, a control valve arranged along the fuel gas flow path for regulating a flow rate of the fuel gas flowing into the mixing device, a main flow throttle arranged along the fuel gas flow path between the control valve and the mixing device, a safety valve arranged along the fuel gas flow path upstream of the control valve, a fan for conveying the fuel gas-air mixture into or to the gas burner and a differential pressure sensor which is designed to detect a pressure difference which can be referred to as offset pressure between a measuring point along the fuel gas flow path and a measuring point along the air flow path.
  • Ignition in the gas burner can only take place with an ignitable fuel gas-air mixture in which the proportion of fuel gas is in a predetermined range, i.e. the fuel gas-air mixture is neither too lean nor too rich.
  • misfires can occur during ignition, which can lead to damage, especially when hydrogen is used as a fuel gas.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of overcoming the aforementioned disadvantages and of providing a method and a heating boiler which enable a fail-safe and lean ignition of a fuel gas-air mixture.
  • Safe ignition is understood to mean in particular an ignition which results in the formation of a flame and in which the combustion is simultaneously within specified air ratio limits. This is particularly important for operation with 100% hydrogen as fuel gas or generally for the operation of thermal baths. with fuels that have high flame speeds and short ignition delay times.
  • Both the limit position of the actuator and the limit pressure or threshold value are preferably selected such that an ignitable fuel gas-air mixture with a predetermined fuel gas proportion can be mixed in the mixing device, which does not exceed a predetermined and safe value.
  • the basic idea of the method according to the invention is to move the control valve to a reference position before ignition, in which the flow through the control valve is minimized, whereby the reference position of the control valve or the throttle element of the control valve is checked for plausibility.
  • the flow rate through the control valve is then increased until a fail-safe and lean ignition occurs in the gas burner.
  • the increase in the flow rate through the control valve is terminated or stopped as soon as one of several possible termination criteria is met.
  • At least one of the termination conditions must occur within a predetermined safety time, and that the flow rate increasing process of the throttle element is also stopped if none of the termination conditions occurs within the safety time.
  • the fuel gas-air mixture is also preferably conveyed into the gas burner by a conveying device, which can be a fan and is arranged in particular downstream of the mixing device (pre-fan-mixing) or along the air flow path upstream of the mixing device (post-fan-mixing).
  • a conveying device which can be a fan and is arranged in particular downstream of the mixing device (pre-fan-mixing) or along the air flow path upstream of the mixing device (post-fan-mixing).
  • the ignition device can be activated before the start time, at the start time or after the start time. By activating the ignition device Before and/or at the start time, any moisture present on the ignition device can be removed so that a clean ignition can be achieved with an ignitable fuel gas-air mixture on the ignition device. Since there is no ignitable fuel gas-air mixture on the ignition device or in the gas burner at the start time itself, the ignition device can also be activated after the start time. The ignition device is preferably activated at the start time.
  • the ignition device is temporarily deactivated after activation to remove the moisture and is activated again after or at the start time.
  • the actuator can, for example, have a measuring system designed for this purpose or be designed as a stepper motor.
  • the control valve is preferably an electronic control valve which has, for example, a valve cone as a throttling element, whereby the valve cone interacts with a valve or cone seat as a counter element to throttle the flow rate.
  • the throttling element can be moved or adjusted by an actuator, in particular a stepper motor, and the flow rate can thereby be adjusted by the control valve.
  • a safety valve is arranged along the fuel gas flow path upstream of the control valve, which can be switched between a blocking position that blocks the fuel gas flow along the fuel gas flow path and a passage or flow position that allows the fuel gas flow along the fuel gas flow path. If a safety valve is provided, it can be brought into the blocking position before the ignition device is activated and before the Start time or at the start time in the flow position. If reference is made to a safety valve below, this is preferably the safety valve.
  • Step d) can therefore also be summarized as follows: the offset pressure detected by the differential pressure sensor is evaluated after step c) and the evaluation is used to determine whether the throttle element is actually in the throttle reference position.
  • Such a plausibility check of the throttle reference position is particularly advantageous if the actuator is not "rigidly" connected to the throttle element, for example via a spring, which is common in the state of the art.
  • the plausibility check can rule out a defect in the actuator or its measuring system for detecting the actuator position.
  • the plausibility check is based on the idea that the pressure increases unacceptably quickly when the safety valve is open (in the through position) and the control valve is not in the reference position. If the pressure sensor detects a pressure that increases unacceptably quickly within the test time, the control valve is not in the reference position.
  • the throttle element of the control valve can move when the safety valve is opened or switched from the blocking position to the open position, thereby generating a short-term pressure surge. If such a pressure surge is generated by the control valve due to its design, this can be taken into account by selecting a test pressure limit greater than the amplitude of the pressure surge or by checking whether the pressure drops again within the test time after an increase caused by the pressure surge.
  • a safe or fail-safe and lean ignition is detected if the ignition sensor detects an ignition from the start time and/or from the opening of the safety valve within a or the predetermined safety time.
  • an unsafe state or a faulty ignition is detected if the ignition sensor does not detect the ignition within the predetermined safety time from the start time and/or from the opening of the safety valve.
  • the unsafe state can optionally also be assumed or detected if the throttle element is not in the throttle reference position according to the plausibility check.
  • the throttle element When the unsafe condition or faulty ignition is detected, the throttle element can be moved to the throttle reference position and/or a safety valve arranged along the fuel gas flow path upstream of the control valve can be moved to its blocking position and/or the ignition device can be deactivated.
  • a control device controls the control valve as a function of the offset pressure to reach a predetermined offset pressure setpoint, which is preferably 0 Pa (zero pressure control), from the detection of the safe ignition and/or after a predetermined stabilization time.
  • the flow rate during the movement of the throttle element is preferably increased from the starting time following a predetermined continuous course, which is selected in particular such that the predetermined limit position and/or the predetermined limit pressure can be reached before the expiry of the safety time.
  • the differential pressure sensor is preferably designed to directly detect the pressure difference between the measuring point along the fuel gas flow path and the measuring point along the air flow path.
  • the differential pressure sensor can be designed as a thermal mass flow sensor. This is designed to determine the pressure difference from a mass flow between the measuring point along the fuel gas flow path and the measuring point along the air flow path, wherein the offset pressure is determined in particular from the detected mass flow and a previously known flow cross section.
  • the ignition sensor is preferably a flame sensor for detecting a flame on the gas burner, which detects the ignition by detecting the flame. Additionally or alternatively, the ignition sensor can also be the differential pressure sensor or be formed integrally by it, which detects the ignition by a temporary increase in the offset pressure.
  • the temporary increase in the offset pressure or a pressure surge can have a predetermined course and/or a predetermined duration, so that the ignition can be detected by evaluating the pressure or pressure course detected by the differential pressure sensor.
  • the valve cone is moved when the safety valve is switched to the flow position due to the changing pressure conditions, generating a pressure surge.
  • the switching of the safety valve to the flow position is detected when such an increase in the offset pressure, i.e. a pressure surge, is detected by the differential pressure sensor immediately after the safety valve is switched.
  • the functionality of the safety valve can be verified by such an evaluation, whereby such a plausibility check
  • the functionality of the safety valve is preferably checked integrally with the plausibility check of the throttle reference position.
  • an error can be identified and appropriate further steps can be initiated. If the safety valve is de-energized, for example, then in the current state of the art it is closed by a spring to avoid an unsafe state. Two safety valves are usually installed to increase safety. If the safety valve is de-energized despite the signal to open, i.e. does not switch as intended, no gas flows and the offset pressure signal does not change as expected. This means that an error can be detected (e.g. cable not connected).
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a heating boiler with a gas burner for burning a fuel gas-air mixture, a mixing device arranged upstream of the gas burner for mixing a fuel gas flowing in along a fuel gas flow path and an air flowing in along an air flow path to form the fuel gas-air mixture.
  • the heating boiler also has a conveying device arranged downstream of the mixing device or along the air flow path upstream of the mixing device for conveying the fuel gas-air mixture to the gas burner, a control valve arranged along the fuel gas flow path and a main flow throttle arranged along the fuel gas flow path between the control valve and the mixing device.
  • the control valve which is in particular an electronic control valve, has an actuator and a throttle element that can be moved by the actuator for regulating a flow rate of the fuel gas flowing into the mixing device along the fuel gas flow path.
  • the boiler also has a safety valve arranged along the fuel gas flow path upstream of the control valve and a differential pressure sensor, which is designed to detect a pressure difference, which can be referred to as offset pressure, between a measuring point along the fuel gas flow path and a measuring point along the air flow path.
  • the measuring point along the fuel gas flow path is preferably located between the control valve and the main flow throttle.
  • the heating boiler has a control unit which can comprise the aforementioned control device and which is designed to carry out the method according to the invention for fail-safe and lean ignition of the fuel gas-air mixture.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a part or a section of a gas or heating boiler according to the invention.
  • a Venturi mixer is provided as a mixing device 4, into which air is sucked along an air flow path through an air inlet L by a conveying device 5 designed as a blower 5.
  • the mixing device 4 the inflowing air and a fuel gas, which is fed along a fuel gas flow path flows through a fuel gas inlet G and is mixed to form a fuel gas-air mixture.
  • the fuel gas which is in particular pure hydrogen, flows along the fuel gas flow path through a safety valve 1, a control valve 2 for regulating a flow rate of the fuel gas flowing into the mixing device 4 and a main flow throttle 3.
  • a safety valve 1 a control valve 2 for regulating a flow rate of the fuel gas flowing into the mixing device 4 and a main flow throttle 3.
  • At least one differential pressure sensor 8 is provided, which is designed to detect a pressure difference that can be referred to as offset pressure between a measuring point p2 along the fuel gas flow path and a measuring point p1, p0 along the air flow path.
  • the measuring point p2 along the fuel gas flow path is preferably arranged between the control valve 2 and the main flow throttle 3.
  • the measuring point along the air flow path can be provided, for example, between upstream of the mixing device 4 and downstream of the air inlet L (measuring point p1) or upstream of the air inlet L (measuring point p0).
  • the fuel gas-air mixture is conveyed by the blower 5 to a gas burner 6 of the heating boiler, where the fuel gas-air mixture is to be ignited and burned.
  • an ignition device 7 for igniting an ignitable fuel gas-air mixture is provided on the gas burner 6.
  • the blower 5 is arranged downstream of the mixing device 4 in the present case, but can alternatively also be arranged upstream of the mixing device 4.
  • the control valve 2 has an actuator 21, which is designed as a stepper motor and is designed to control a valve cone 23. Throttle element 23 of the control valve 2.
  • the throttle element 23 interacts with a counter element, which in this case is designed as a valve seat corresponding to the valve cone 23, so that the flow of the fuel gas through the control valve can be regulated.
  • the actuator 21 is connected to the throttle element 23 via a spring 22. For example, due to a defect in the actuator 21, a defect in the measuring system for detecting the position of the actuator 21 or due to jamming or breaking of the spring 22, it can happen that the position of the actuator 21 does not correspond to the position of the throttle element 23.
  • the ignition of the fuel gas-air mixture may misfire because the actual fuel gas-air mixture does not correspond to the assumed or desired fuel gas-air mixture.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically various states and measured values of the components of the heating boiler resulting from the course of the method according to the invention.
  • Graph A shows the state of the safety valve 1.
  • Graph B shows the state of the ignition device 7.
  • Graph C shows the pressure difference or offset pressure measured by the differential pressure sensor 8.
  • Graph D shows the stepper motor position or a corresponding value and thus the position of the actuator 21 of the control valve 2 and thus the corresponding flow rate of the fuel gas through the control valve 2.
  • the fan 5 is activated so that the differential pressure sensor 8 detects a negative pressure at the measuring point p2 through the safety valve 1 which is closed, i.e. in its blocking position.
  • the actuator 21 of the control valve 2 has already moved into the actuator reference position, in which the flow rate through the control valve 2 is reduced to 0 according to graph D.
  • the movement of the actuator 21 of the control valve 2 into the actuator reference position can also take place later and up to the time tC.
  • the safety valve 1 is opened at time tC or brought into its open position.
  • the differential pressure sensor 8 should not detect any impermissible change in the offset pressure.
  • the spring bearing can cause a brief "lifting" of the throttle element 23 and thus a short pressure surge, which - as in Figure 2 shown - is detected by the differential pressure sensor 8.
  • a pressure surge is therefore a permissible change in the offset pressure, which can be taken into account, for example, by can ensure that the test pressure limit pG, above which the offset pressure must not rise, is selected so that the expected pressure surge is below it. Alternatively, it can also be checked whether the offset pressure falls below the test pressure limit pG again due to the pressure surge if the test pressure limit pG is exceeded.
  • the period between the times tC and tD corresponds in this case to the test time within which it is checked whether the throttle element 23 is actually in the throttle reference position.
  • the throttle element 23 Since the offset pressure detected by the differential pressure sensor 8 does not rise above the test pressure limit value pG within the predetermined test time (time interval between the times tC and tD), the throttle element 23 is in the throttle reference position.
  • the throttle reference position has therefore been checked for plausibility and there is no error, so the procedure continues.
  • the control valve 2 begins to open according to the predetermined continuous and here ramp-like course, so that the flow rate through the control valve 2 is increased, as shown in graph D.
  • the fuel gas-air mixture generated by the mixing device 4 is mixed with a constantly increasing fuel or fuel gas proportion and becomes "richer".
  • control valve 2 is not opened for an indefinite period from the start time tD, but only until one of several possible termination criteria is detected.
  • the termination criteria are the reaching of a limit position (sA) by the actuator 21, the reaching or detection of a limit pressure (pA) by the differential pressure sensor 8 or the detection of an ignition of the fuel gas-air mixture by means of an ignition sensor, which can be activated by a flame sensor, for example. Detection of the flame on the gas burner 6 or integrally formed by the differential pressure sensor 8.
  • the limit position sA and the limit pressure pA are reached at the same time at time tE, thereby ending the opening or adjustment of the control valve 2.
  • the limit position sA and the limit pressure pA do not have to be reached at the same time. Rather, it is intended that the opening of the control valve 2 is ended or stopped as soon as one of the limit values is reached or an ignition is detected.
  • the opening of the control valve 2 is stopped at time tE and the control valve 2 remains in its position, at least initially.
  • an ignition sensor In order to be able to assume a safe ignition, an ignition sensor must detect a flame formation on the gas burner, i.e. an ignition of the fuel gas-air mixture, from the time tC of the opening of the safety valve 1 and within the safety time tS.
  • the differential pressure sensor 8 is also the ignition sensor. At time tF, a pressure surge which was generated by the ignition of the fuel gas-air mixture on the gas burner 6 is detected by the differential pressure sensor 8.
  • the ignition device 7 After the successful ignition detected at time tF and here at time tG, the ignition device 7 is deactivated.
  • control valve 2 can be controlled to a desired or predetermined offset pressure immediately after the successful ignition has been detected at time tF or after a stabilization time tJ to stabilize the combustion and in this case at time tH.
  • the invention is not limited in its implementation to the preferred embodiments given above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution presented even in fundamentally different embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé d'allumage à sécurité intrinsèque et à mélange pauvre d'un mélange air/gaz combustible au niveau d'un brûleur à gaz (6) qui est mélangé dans un dispositif de mélange (4) disposé en amont du brûleur à gaz (6) à partir d'un gaz combustible affluant le long d'un trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible et d'air affluant le long d'un trajet d'écoulement d'air, dans lequel une vanne de régulation (2) prévue le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible présente un actionneur (21) et un élément d'étranglement (23) pouvant être déplacé par l'actionneur (21) pour réguler un débit du gaz combustible en écoulement dans le dispositif de mélange (4), dans lequel l'actionneur (21) est déplacé dans une position de référence d'actionneur pour amener l'élément d'étranglement (23) dans une position de référence d'étranglement, dans lequel il est vérifié si l'élément d'étranglement (23) se trouve dans la position de référence d'étranglement lorsque l'actionneur (21) se trouve dans la position de référence d'actionneur, dans lequel l'élément d'étranglement (23) est déplacé par l'actionneur (21) à partir d'un instant de démarrage (tD) en partant de la position de référence d'étranglement tout en augmentant le débit, dans lequel un dispositif d'allumage (7) est activé pour allumer le mélange air/gaz combustible au niveau du brûleur à gaz (6), dans lequel le procédé augmentant le débit de l'élément d'étranglement (23) est arrêté dès qu'au moins l'une des conditions d'interruption suivantes se présente :
    • l'actionneur (21) atteint une position limite prédéterminée (sA) ;
    • un capteur de pression différentielle (8) pour détecter une différence de pression pouvant être désignée comme une pression de décalage entre un point de mesure (p2) le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible et un point de mesure (p1, p0) le long du trajet d'écoulement d'air détecte une pression limite prédéterminée (pA) ;
    • un capteur d'allumage pour l'identification d'un allumage du mélange air/gaz combustible identifie un allumage du mélange air/gaz combustible.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel le débit du gaz combustible est minimisé par la vanne de régulation (2) dans la position de référence d'étranglement.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    dans lequel la vérification si l'élément d'étranglement (23) se trouve dans la position de référence d'étranglement lorsque l'actionneur (21) se trouve dans la position de référence d'actionneur comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à :
    a) commuter sur une position de blocage une vanne de sécurité (1) qui est disposée le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible en amont de la vanne de régulation (2),
    b) déplacer l'actionneur (21) dans la position de référence d'actionneur pour amener l'élément d'étranglement (23) dans la position de référence d'étranglement,
    c) commuter la vanne de sécurité (1) sur la position de passage,
    d) si une pression de décalage détectée par le capteur de pression différentielle (8) n'augmente pas dans un délai de vérification prédéterminé au-delà d'une valeur limite de pression de vérification (pG) ou si la pression de décalage détectée par le capteur de pression différentielle (8) retombe après une montée dans le délai de vérification, l'élément d'étranglement (23) se trouve dans la position de référence d'étranglement.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel un allumage sécurisé est identifié si le capteur d'allumage détecte à partir de l'instant de départ (tD) et/ou à partir de l'instant (tC) de l'ouverture de la vanne de sécurité (1) un allumage dans un délai de sécurité prédéterminé (tS),
    et/ou un état non sécurisé est identifié si le capteur d'allumage ne détecte pas à partir de l'instant de départ (tD) et/ou à partir de l'instant (tC) de l'ouverture de la vanne de sécurité (1) l'allumage dans le délai de sécurité prédéterminé (tS).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication précédente,
    dans lequel, en cas d'identification de l'état non sécurisé, l'élément d'étranglement (23) est amené dans la position de référence d'étranglement et/ou une vanne de sécurité (1) disposée le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible en amont de la vanne de régulation (2) est amenée dans sa position de blocage et/ou le dispositif d'allumage (7) est désactivé.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des deux revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel un dispositif de régulation pilote à partir de l'identification de l'allumage sécurisé et/ou après un délai de stabilisation prédéterminé la vanne de régulation (2) en fonction de la pression de décalage pour atteindre une valeur de consigne de pression de décalage prédéterminée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le débit lors du déplacement de l'élément d'étranglement (23) augmente à partir de l'instant de départ (tD) en suivant une courbe continue prédéterminée.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le capteur de pression différentielle (8) est réalisé pour détecter directement la différence de pression entre le point de mesure (p2) le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible et le point de mesure (p1, p0) le long du trajet d'écoulement d'air,
    ou dans lequel le capteur de pression différentielle (8) est un capteur de débit massique thermique qui est réalisé pour déterminer la différence de pression à partir d'un débit massique entre le point de mesure (p2) le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible et le point de mesure (p1, p0) le long du trajet d'écoulement d'air.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le capteur d'allumage est un capteur de flamme pour identifier une flamme au niveau du brûleur à gaz (6) et qui détecte l'allumage en identifiant la flamme, et/ou
    dans lequel le capteur d'allumage est le capteur de pression différentielle (8) qui détecte l'allumage par une montée temporaire de la pression de décalage.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le gaz combustible est au moins proportionnellement et en particulier entièrement de l'hydrogène.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 3 à 10,
    dans lequel l'élément d'étranglement (23) est un cône de vanne (23) qui est déplacé de façon suspendue dans la position de référence d'étranglement en direction d'un siège de vanne de la vanne de régulation (2) correspondant au cône de vanne (23),
    dans lequel le cône de vanne (23) est déplacé lors de la commutation de la vanne de sécurité (1) dans la position de passage en générant un coup de bélier,
    et dans lequel la commutation de la vanne de sécurité (1) sur la position de passage est identifiée lorsque la montée de la pression de décalage est détectée par le capteur de pression différentielle (8).
  12. Chaudière, comprenant un brûleur à gaz (6) pour brûler un mélange air/gaz combustible, un dispositif de mélange (4) disposé en amont du brûleur à gaz (6) pour mélanger un gaz de combustion affluant le long d'un trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible et de l'air affluant le long d'un trajet d'écoulement d'air pour former le mélange air/gaz combustible, un dispositif de refoulement (5) disposé en aval du dispositif de mélange (4) ou le long du trajet d'écoulement d'air en amont du dispositif de mélange (4) pour refouler le mélange air/gaz combustible vers le brûleur à gaz (6), une vanne de régulation (2) disposée le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible avec un actionneur (21) et un élément d'étranglement (23) pouvant être déplacé par l'actionneur (21) pour réguler un débit du gaz de combustion en écoulement dans le dispositif de mélange (4), un étrangleur principal (3) disposé le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible entre la vanne de régulation (2) et le dispositif de mélange (4), une vanne de sécurité (1) disposée le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible en amont de la vanne de régulation (2), et un capteur de pression différentielle (8) qui est réalisé pour détecter une différence de pression pouvant être désignée comme une pression de décalage entre un point de mesure (p2) le long du trajet d'écoulement de gaz combustible et un point de mesure (p1, p0) le long du trajet d'écoulement d'air, la chaudière présentant en outre une unité de commande qui est réalisée pour exécuter un procédé d'allumage à sécurité intrinsèque et à mélange pauvre du mélange air/gaz combustible selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
EP23150998.5A 2022-01-20 2023-01-10 Procédé d'allumage à sécurité intrinsèque et à mélange pauvre d'air et de gaz combustible dans un brûleur à gaz Active EP4215812B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102022101305.7A DE102022101305A1 (de) 2022-01-20 2022-01-20 Verfahren zur fehlersicheren und mageren Zündung eines Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches an einem Gasbrenner

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EP4215812B1 true EP4215812B1 (fr) 2024-07-31

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4573348A (en) * 1984-05-14 1986-03-04 Ford Motor Company Angular positioning actuator
DE3886688D1 (de) 1987-11-06 1994-02-10 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum Überprüfen eines Gasventils und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
DE19824521B4 (de) 1998-06-02 2004-12-23 Honeywell B.V. Regeleinrichtung für Gasbrenner
DE10113468A1 (de) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Siemens Building Tech Ag Regeleinrichtung für einen Luftzahlgeregelten Brenner
DE102004058087A1 (de) 2004-12-01 2006-06-08 G. Kromschröder AG Verfahren zum Brennerstart eines Gasheizgeräts
AT510075B1 (de) * 2010-07-08 2012-05-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren zur kalibrierung einer einrichtung zum regeln des brenngas-luft-verhältnisses eines brenngasbetriebenen brenners
US20120178031A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Carrier Corporation Push and Pull Premix Combustion System With Blocked Vent Safety Shutoff
DE102011000113B4 (de) 2011-01-13 2013-08-14 Karl Dungs Gmbh & Co. Kg Ventilkombination mit verbesserter Prüfroutine
EP3073195B1 (fr) * 2015-03-23 2019-05-08 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Procédé de calibration d'un brûleur à gaz
EP3228936B1 (fr) * 2016-04-07 2020-06-03 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil à brûleur à gaz
DE102018105185A1 (de) 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Brenngasartenerkennung bei einem brenngasbetriebenen Heizgerät

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EP4215812A1 (fr) 2023-07-26
US12523375B2 (en) 2026-01-13
DE102022101305A1 (de) 2023-07-20
US20230228418A1 (en) 2023-07-20

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