EP4226403B1 - Changeur de prises en charge et procédé pour actionner un changeur de prises en charge - Google Patents

Changeur de prises en charge et procédé pour actionner un changeur de prises en charge

Info

Publication number
EP4226403B1
EP4226403B1 EP21786426.3A EP21786426A EP4226403B1 EP 4226403 B1 EP4226403 B1 EP 4226403B1 EP 21786426 A EP21786426 A EP 21786426A EP 4226403 B1 EP4226403 B1 EP 4226403B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
fixed contact
fixed
changer
selector arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21786426.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4226403C0 (fr
EP4226403A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Hammer
Dominik PLITZKO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP4226403A1 publication Critical patent/EP4226403A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4226403C0 publication Critical patent/EP4226403C0/fr
Publication of EP4226403B1 publication Critical patent/EP4226403B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an on-load tap changer for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer under load.
  • the on-load tap changer consists of a mechanical tap selector for powerless pre-selection of the respective winding tap to which switching is to take place, and a load transfer switch with semiconductor switching elements as switching means for the actual uninterrupted switching from the previous to the pre-selected, new winding tap under load.
  • On-load tap-changers of this type are also commonly referred to as hybrid tap-changers because they have mechanical contacts in addition to the power electronic switching devices.
  • EP 2319058 B1 Such a hybrid tap changer is known. It has two load branches, each connecting a winding tap via a mechanical switch and a series circuit of two oppositely connected IGBTs with a common load terminal. A diode is provided in parallel with each IGBT. A varistor is provided in parallel with each individual IGBT. During steady-state operation, each of the load branches is bridged with a mechanical permanent main contact. The IGBTs on both sides are controlled by a common IGBT driver.
  • the mechanical tap selector and, if applicable, other mechanical switching elements provided in the diverter switch are actuated by means of a motor drive, whereas the power electronic switching means are operated via a separate actuating means which must be supplied with power.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved concept for the power supply of the power electronic switching means of an on-load tap-changer.
  • the improved concept is based on the idea of supplementing the fixed contacts of the on-load tap-changer, each of which can be connected to a winding tap of the transformer's control winding, with an additional connection contact, which is connected to an auxiliary contact of the on-load tap-changer can be contacted.
  • an on-load tap-changer is specified for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer.
  • the on-load tap-changer comprises a first fixed contact, which can be connected to a first winding tap of the tapped transformer, and a second fixed contact, which can be connected to a second winding tap of the tapped transformer.
  • the total number of fixed contacts depends on the number of winding taps.
  • a first selector arm of the on-load tap-changer can contact each of the fixed contacts, and a second selector arm can also contact each of the fixed contacts.
  • the on-load tap-changer has a load diverter switch.
  • the on-load tap-changer comprises an additional connection contact, which is arranged analogously to the fixed contacts, and an auxiliary contact, which can optionally contact the connection contact or one of the fixed contacts.
  • connection contact is designed in such a way that it can be contacted by the auxiliary contact.
  • Each fixed contact is configured to be contacted by the first and/or second selector arm.
  • each fixed contact has a first contact surface that can be contacted by the first selector arm and a second contact surface that can be contacted by the second selector arm.
  • the first or second contact surface can be contacted by the auxiliary contact.
  • the connecting contact is bridged with the second fixed contact.
  • the connecting contact does not need to be electrically connected to an additional winding tap.
  • the auxiliary contact is mechanically coupled to the first selector arm.
  • the load changeover switch for switching comprises a plurality of semiconductor switching elements which are controlled by means of a control unit can be operated.
  • the semiconductor switching elements are preferably designed as IGBT switching elements and/or as thyristors and/or as JFET switching elements and/or as MOSFET switching elements and/or as integrated gate commutated thyristors (IGCTs). Particularly preferably, the semiconductor switching elements are each designed as an IGBT with diodes in a bridge circuit.
  • control unit is designed as a microcontroller.
  • control unit and thus also the semiconductor switching elements are supplied with power, while the auxiliary contact contacts the connection contact or one of the fixed contacts and the first selector arm also contacts one of the fixed contacts.
  • the first selector arm and the auxiliary contact Due to the mechanical coupling of the first selector arm and the auxiliary contact, the first selector arm and the auxiliary contact cannot be on the same fixed contact or on the connecting contact at any time during the switching process. This, in turn, means that at any time during the switching process in which the first selector arm contacts a fixed contact, a voltage equal to a step voltage is present between the first selector arm and the auxiliary contact, which supplies power to the control unit. Thus, the control unit and thus also the semiconductor switching elements are operated independently using the applied step voltage. An additional external power supply, for example, from a motor controller, is therefore not required.
  • control unit has an energy storage device that is charged when the control unit is supplied with power.
  • the energy storage device is charged via the voltage difference that exists between the first selector arm and the auxiliary contact due to the mechanical coupling and the contacting of different fixed contacts or the connecting contact and the first fixed contact.
  • an energy storage device can be provided as a safety measure to ensure that the power supply to the power electronics is maintained at all times during the switching process is guaranteed.
  • the energy storage device is preferably made of ceramic capacitors and therefore has high temperature resistance.
  • a switching power supply with an extremely wide input voltage range, which still functions even at low step voltages, is preferably used to charge the energy storage device.
  • a method for operating an on-load tap-changer designed according to the first aspect of the improved concept is specified.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer 10 for a tapped transformer 1 according to the improved concept.
  • the tapped transformer 1 has a main winding 2 and a control winding 3 with different winding taps N J , N J+1 , ..., N N , which are switched on or off by the on-load tap-changer 10.
  • the on-load tap-changer 10 comprises at least a first fixed contact 12, which is connectable to a first winding tap N J , a second fixed contact 13, which is connectable to a second winding tap N J+1 , and a third fixed contact 14, which is connectable to a third winding tap N J+2 of the control winding 3 of the tapped transformer 1.
  • the total number of fixed contacts depends on the number of winding taps.
  • the on-load tap-changer 10 has a further connection contact 11, which is connected to the second fixed contact 13 is bridged.
  • the connecting contact 11 is not directly connected to any of the winding taps N J , N J+1 , ..., N N.
  • the on-load tap-changer 10 For powerless pre-selecting of the fixed contacts 12, 13, the on-load tap-changer 10 comprises a selector 30 with a first selector arm 31 and a second selector arm 32, which can be operated independently of each other and can contact each of the fixed contacts. In addition to the selector arms 31, 32, the on-load tap-changer 10 has an auxiliary contact 33, which is mechanically coupled to the first selector arm 31.
  • the on-load tap changer 10 further comprises a load transfer switch 20 for performing the actual load switching between the preselected fixed contacts 12, 13.
  • the load transfer switch 20 has a total of three current branches: a main branch 24 with a mechanical switching element 25, which can connect both the first selector arm 31 and the second selector arm 32 to a load terminal 15; a first auxiliary branch 26 with a first semiconductor switching element 22, which is arranged parallel to the main branch 24 and can connect the first selector arm 31 to the load terminal 15; and a second auxiliary branch 27 with a second semiconductor switching element 23, which can connect the second selector arm 32 to the load terminal 15.
  • a varistor 28 is arranged parallel to each of the first and second auxiliary branches 26, 27.
  • the semiconductor switching elements 22 and 23 are actuated by a control unit 21.
  • the described specific circuit arrangement of the diverter switch 20 was chosen as an example.
  • the improved concept can be implemented in any on-load tap-changer that has a diverter switch with semiconductor switching elements as switching means for uninterrupted switching.
  • the on-load tap-changer 10 is in a stationary position.
  • the first and second selector arms 31, 32 are both located on the first fixed contact 12.
  • the auxiliary contact 33 is connected to the additional connection contact 11, which is bridged to the second fixed contact 13.
  • a step voltage is present between the selector arm 31 and the auxiliary contact 33, and the control unit 21 is supplied with power.
  • the load current I L flows from the contacted fixed contact 12 via the first selector arm 31, the main branch 24, and the closed mechanical switching element 25 to the load shunt 15.
  • the two semiconductor switching elements 22 and 23 are switched off.
  • FIG. 2a to 2g is an example switching sequence of the on-load tap-changer from Figure 1 shown.
  • the mechanical switching element 25 is then opened (see Figure 2c ).
  • the load current I L now flows via the first auxiliary branch 26 and the activated first semiconductor switching element 22.
  • the first semiconductor switching element 22 is preferably switched off at the zero crossing of the current.
  • the temporal variation of the current can be detected by the control unit 21, for example, using a current sensor (not shown) arranged in the current branch of the downstream line 15.
  • a current sensor not shown
  • the load current I L is transferred to the varistor 28 arranged in parallel thereto.
  • the second semiconductor switching element 23 is switched on after a specified period, for example, 5 ⁇ s.
  • the load current I L is thus switched to the second fixed contact 13 and flows from the second selector arm 32 via the second auxiliary branch 27 and the activated second semiconductor switching element 23 to the load shunt 15.
  • the first selector arm 31, which is now de-energized, is then switched to the second fixed contact 13 and at the same time the auxiliary contact 33 is switched from the connecting contact 11 to the first fixed contact 12 ( Figure 2f ).
  • a switchover from the second fixed contact 13 to the third fixed contact 14 takes place analogous to steps 2a - 2g, with the only difference that the auxiliary contact 33 is not on the connection contact 11 at the beginning of the switching, but on a fixed contact, namely the first fixed contact 12.
  • a switchover in the opposite direction for example from the second fixed contact 13 to the first fixed contact 12, takes place in exactly the reverse order, that is, according to the Figures 2g to 2a .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Commutateur à gradation de charge (10) pour la commutation sans interruption entre les prises d'enroulement (NJ , NJ+1 , ..., NN ) d'un transformateur à gradation (1), comprenant :
    un premier contact fixe (12) pouvant être relié à une première prise d'enroulement NJ du transformateur à gradins (1),
    un deuxième contact fixe (13) pouvant être relié à une deuxième prise d'enroulement NJ+1 du transformateur à gradins (1),
    un premier bras sélecteur (31) pouvant entrer en contact avec chacun des contacts fixes (12, 13),
    un deuxième bras sélecteur (32) pouvant entrer en contact avec chacun des contacts fixes (12, 13),
    un commutateur de charge (20) pour effectuer une commutation d'un premier contact fixe (12) vers un deuxième contact fixe (13) du commutateur à gradins de charge (10),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le commutateur de charge à gradation (10) comprend en outre
    un contact de connexion (11) disposé en plus des contacts fixes (12, 13), qui est ponté avec le deuxième contact fixe, ainsi qu'
    un contact auxiliaire (33) couplé mécaniquement au premier bras sélecteur, qui peut entrer en contact au choix avec le contact de raccordement (11) ou l'un des contacts fixes (12, 13).
  2. Commutateur à gradation de charge (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    le commutateur de charge (20) comporte, pour la commutation, une pluralité d'éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs (22) qui peuvent être actionnés au moyen d'une unité de commande (21).
  3. Commutateur à gradation de charge (10) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel
    l'unité de commande (21) est alimentée en courant pendant que le contact auxiliaire (33) est en contact avec le contact de raccordement (11) ou l'un des contacts fixes (12, 13) et que le premier bras sélecteur (31) est en contact avec l'un des contacts fixes (12, 13).
  4. Commutateur à gradation de charge (10) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel
    l'unité de commande (21) comporte un accumulateur d'énergie qui est chargé lorsque l'unité de commande (21) est alimentée en courant.
  5. Procédé pour actionner un commutateur à gradation de charge (10) qui est conçu selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4 précédentes, une commutation d'un premier contact fixe (12) vers un deuxième contact fixe (13) comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    actionnement d'au moins un des éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs (22) du commutateur de charge (20),
    commutation d'un deuxième bras sélecteur (32) du premier contact fixe (12) vers le deuxième contact fixe (13),
    actionnement d'au moins un des éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs (22) du commutateur de charge (20),
    commutation d'un premier bras sélecteur (31) du premier contact fixe (12) vers le deuxième contact fixe (13), un contact auxiliaire (33) étant commuté simultanément avec la commutation du premier bras sélecteur (31) vers le deuxième contact fixe (13) depuis un contact de connexion (11) vers le premier contact fixe (12).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel une commutation du deuxième contact fixe (13) vers un troisième contact fixe (14) comprend les étapes suivantes :
    actionnement d'au moins un des éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs (22) du commutateur de charge (20),
    commutation du deuxième bras de sélection (32) du deuxième contact fixe (13) vers le troisième contact fixe (14),
    actionnement d'au moins un des éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs (22) du commutateur de charge (20),
    commutation du premier bras de sélection (31) du deuxième contact fixe (13) vers le troisième contact fixe (14), le contact auxiliaire (33) étant commuté du premier contact fixe (12) vers le deuxième contact fixe (13) simultanément à la commutation du premier bras sélecteur (31) vers le troisième contact fixe (14).
EP21786426.3A 2020-10-29 2021-09-30 Changeur de prises en charge et procédé pour actionner un changeur de prises en charge Active EP4226403B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020128463.2A DE102020128463A1 (de) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters
PCT/EP2021/076970 WO2022089870A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2021-09-30 Changeur de prises en charge et procédé pour actionner un changeur de prises en charge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4226403A1 EP4226403A1 (fr) 2023-08-16
EP4226403C0 EP4226403C0 (fr) 2025-09-03
EP4226403B1 true EP4226403B1 (fr) 2025-09-03

Family

ID=78078234

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21786426.3A Active EP4226403B1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2021-09-30 Changeur de prises en charge et procédé pour actionner un changeur de prises en charge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US12406801B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP4226403B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN116438616A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020128463A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022089870A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8289068B2 (en) 2008-08-27 2012-10-16 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Method for switching without any interruption between winding taps on a tap-changing transformer
DE102009017196A1 (de) 2009-04-09 2010-10-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Halbleiter-Schaltelementen
DE202011109907U1 (de) 2011-02-12 2012-07-25 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
DE102013103360A1 (de) * 2013-04-04 2014-10-09 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Verfahren zur Durchführung eines Umschaltvorgangs in einem Laststufenschalter
DE102018113982B4 (de) * 2018-06-12 2023-09-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters
DE102018119163A1 (de) * 2018-08-07 2020-02-13 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter zur unterbrechungslosen umschaltung zwischen wicklungsanzapfungen eines stufentransformators sowie stufentransformator
WO2020078599A1 (fr) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Commutateur de puissance à prises, transformateur à prises pour la régulation de tension et procédé d'exécution d'une commutation dans un transformateur à prises

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4226403C0 (fr) 2025-09-03
US20230411072A1 (en) 2023-12-21
US12406801B2 (en) 2025-09-02
WO2022089870A1 (fr) 2022-05-05
DE102020128463A1 (de) 2022-05-05
CN116438616A (zh) 2023-07-14
EP4226403A1 (fr) 2023-08-16

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