EP4247004A1 - Haut-parleur - Google Patents

Haut-parleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4247004A1
EP4247004A1 EP22161940.6A EP22161940A EP4247004A1 EP 4247004 A1 EP4247004 A1 EP 4247004A1 EP 22161940 A EP22161940 A EP 22161940A EP 4247004 A1 EP4247004 A1 EP 4247004A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
loudspeaker
supporting structure
voice coil
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22161940.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Diestertich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audio Physic GmbH
Original Assignee
Audio Physic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audio Physic GmbH filed Critical Audio Physic GmbH
Priority to EP22161940.6A priority Critical patent/EP4247004A1/fr
Publication of EP4247004A1 publication Critical patent/EP4247004A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/14—Non-planar diaphragms or cones corrugated, pleated or ribbed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/26—Damping by means acting directly on free portion of diaphragm or cone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker which has a loudspeaker basket with an edge, at least one magnet, a membrane and a voice coil.
  • the voice coil and the membrane are coupled to one another, in particular connected.
  • the membrane extends from the voice coil, which can be arranged in the middle of the loudspeaker basket, to the edge of the loudspeaker basket.
  • the membrane can be caused to vibrate by means of the voice coil and the at least one magnet in order to produce a sound.
  • the coupling between the membrane and the voice coil can take place directly, for example by attaching the membrane to the voice coil.
  • an indirect connection is also possible, in which the membrane is attached to a component and the voice coil is attached to the same component.
  • a coupling can be understood to mean that movements, in particular deflections, of the voice coil are at least partially transmitted to the membrane.
  • a very critical component of a loudspeaker is the membrane.
  • the membrane In a theoretical ideal loudspeaker, the membrane would have a very high strength or rigidity, but would have no weight so that it can be vibrated as easily as possible.
  • a high level of rigidity is necessary so that the vibration of the membrane creates corresponding waves in the air, which can be recorded by humans as sounds. This goal is particularly pursued in the high-end area of loudspeaker construction, but is not achievable for physical reasons.
  • flat membranes which, for example, have a higher stability via a honeycomb structure and themselves have a flat shape.
  • An example of a stiffened flat membrane is from the AT 414 199 B known, in which stiffening ribs are formed in the membrane.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a loudspeaker with a membrane which has a high level of rigidity and a low weight.
  • the loudspeaker according to the invention is further developed in that a supporting structure is provided, which extends from a contact area of the membrane with the edge of the loudspeaker basket to the voice coil and is in supporting contact with the membrane. Furthermore, it is provided that the supporting structure is firmly coupled or connected to the membrane in the contact area at least every 2 cm, preferably at least every 1 cm, advantageously at least every 0.5 cm. In a round design of a loudspeaker with a diameter of approximately 100 mm, there is a connection or coupling at least every 22.5°, in particular at least every 11.25°, preferably at least every 5.625°.
  • this design allows the use of a very thin membrane, which therefore has an extremely low weight.
  • the stability of the membrane is created by a separate supporting structure. This extends from the voice coil to a contact area of the membrane with the edge of the loudspeaker basket.
  • Loudspeakers with their loudspeaker baskets are usually designed in such a way that they have a circular or circular-like receptacle for the membrane.
  • the voice coil which is used to excite the membrane and is therefore connected to it, is often arranged in the center of this circle.
  • the supporting structure according to the invention extends from the voice coil to the edge area of the loudspeaker basket, to which the membrane is connected. In addition, it is in supporting contact with the membrane. This gives the membrane rigidity. To form the supporting contact, it can also be provided to connect the membrane to the supporting structure, for example by gluing, ultrasonic welding or similar connection methods.
  • the membrane can have any shape. However, it is preferred if it is flat.
  • the supporting structure can be designed in any way. However, it is advantageous if it has arms which extend from the voice coil to the contact area. These arms are preferably radial or radiate from the area the voice coil is formed starting in the direction of the contact area. Any number of arms can be used here, and it has been found that sufficient stability of the membrane can be achieved if at least three arms, preferably five arms, more advantageously seven or more arms, are provided.
  • an arm can be designed similar to a branch, which extends from the area of the voice coil in the direction of the contact area on the edge of the loudspeaker basket and branches off, so that there are several individual lower arms of a main arm on the loudspeaker basket or its edge.
  • a branch which extends from the area of the voice coil in the direction of the contact area on the edge of the loudspeaker basket and branches off, so that there are several individual lower arms of a main arm on the loudspeaker basket or its edge.
  • one arm branches into two, three or four forearms. It is also possible that the arm is continued and only forms additional side arms.
  • contact-enlarging areas are formed on the supporting structure, which are in contact with the surface of the membrane, in particular are connected to the membrane.
  • These contact-enlarging areas can, for example, be radial or star-shaped structures emanating from a center, which ensure that there is not only point contact with the membrane.
  • the focus can be on the arms or forearms.
  • stiffeners between the individual arms. These can, for example, extend in the form of concentric circles around the voice coil arranged in the center or its attachment.
  • the supporting structure is a truss-like three-dimensional structure.
  • Three-dimensional in this context can mean that the supporting structure extends not only in the plane of the membrane, which is the first defines two dimensions, but also perpendicular to them. In other words, this creates a framework that can be designed similarly to a truss.
  • the supporting structure preferably extends at least 5% of the diameter of the loudspeaker in the 3 dimension.
  • the supporting structure can be connected to the voice coil in any way. It is advantageous if it has a center ring into which the voice coil is fitted or to which it is connected or coupled. On the one hand, this allows very good contact to be established between the voice coil and the supporting structure, so that the forces applied by the voice coil to the membrane or supporting structure are well transmitted. This also means that the supporting structure itself is stimulated by the voice coil and not necessarily the membrane alone, so that the corresponding movement can be transferred to the membrane much better. In a version with a center ring, the membrane can also be connected to this. A direct connection to the voice coil is then not necessary as the coupling occurs via the center ring.
  • an increase in the surface area of the supporting structure is provided in the area of contact of the supporting structure with the contact area.
  • This surface enlargement has a similar purpose to the previously described contact enlarging areas. This ensures that there is not only a small point contact between the supporting structures and the membrane in the contact area with the edge of the loudspeaker basket, but also a sufficient area to achieve a good connection, which is also suitable for transmitting forces.
  • the supporting structure can be provided on the side of the membrane facing the loudspeaker basket and on the side of the membrane facing away from the loudspeaker basket. However, it is also possible to have the supporting structure on both the to provide the side of the membrane facing the loudspeaker basket as well as the side of the membrane facing away from the loudspeaker basket. Basically, an analysis of the invention has shown that it is not essential for the sound quality on which side the supporting structure is provided. However, if it is provided on the side of the membrane facing the loudspeaker basket, it is better protected during operation because it lies within the loudspeaker basket. On the other hand, however, if it is provided outside the loudspeaker basket on the side of the membrane opposite it, there is the advantage that no spatial limits need to be taken into account when dimensioning the supporting structure.
  • a supporting structure can also be provided between two membranes. Or in other words, a further membrane can be attached over the supporting structure when the supporting structure is arranged on the side of the membrane facing away from the loudspeaker basket. This provides additional stability with very little additional mass.
  • the loudspeaker according to the invention can be designed without beads.
  • the contact area of the membrane with the edge of the loudspeaker basket can be designed as a bead which has a greater thickness than the membrane itself.
  • the combination can also be designed in two pieces or in parts, so that the bead is provided as a separate component, which in the context of the invention can be referred to as a combined membrane with the membrane.
  • the bead serves to compensate for the stroke of the membrane while producing a sound and at the same time to seal the inside of the loudspeaker basket from the outside in an airtight manner in order to avoid an acoustic short circuit. According to the invention, this is also possible with just the membrane. However, providing a surround can increase the lifespan of the speaker and allow for greater diaphragm travel.
  • the supporting structure can be designed in any way. However, it is preferred if it is essentially formed from rod-like elements, which preferably have a diameter between 1 mm and 3 mm, preferably 2 mm. Plastic such as polyamide, for example, can be used as a material.
  • the rods can have an elongated cylindrical shape.
  • the supporting structure itself can be created using a 3D printing process. In principle, the supporting structure can have a similar geometric design to classic steel bridges.
  • the rod-like elements are preferably straight, but can also have a curvature depending on the exact shape.
  • the supporting structure with the membrane has the lowest possible weight and still has a high level of stability.
  • the supporting structure and the membrane can be dimensioned to have a maximum weight of approximately 6 g, converted to a membrane diameter of 100 mm when a circular membrane is provided.
  • the supporting structure with the membrane is lighter and its weight is a maximum of approx. 4 g, since the efficiency of the loudspeaker decreases as the weight increases.
  • a membrane made of polyester film can be used as a membrane, which has a basis weight of 5 g/m 2 to 100 g/m 2 , in particular around 30 g/m 2 and/or a material thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, in particular around 23 ⁇ m having.
  • the loudspeaker is preferably designed without a centering spider. With classic loudspeakers, it is necessary to hold or position the voice coil in the center of the loudspeaker basket using an additional component. According to the invention, the voice coil can be held completely over the membrane and the supporting structure. This is done via appropriate pretension when installing the membrane in the loudspeaker basket and/or when attaching the membrane to its edge.
  • the membrane has thermoplastic properties and a corresponding prestress can be generated by heating. This can also be done if a bead is used. Here you can the bead itself or the membrane have thermoplastic properties in order to create a preload. However, other options are also conceivable for generating a pre-tension, for example the membrane can be attached to the edge of the loudspeaker basket in its stretched state.
  • FIG. 1 a first embodiment of a loudspeaker 1 according to the invention is shown. This one is in Fig. 1 shown in a perspective view.
  • Fig. 2 a sectional view through the central axis of the essentially symmetrically constructed loudspeaker 1 is shown.
  • the loudspeaker 1 has an essentially classic structure with a loudspeaker basket 11 in which a magnet 13 is arranged.
  • This is preferably a permanent magnet.
  • an electromagnet would also be possible.
  • the loudspeaker basket 11 has an edge 12.
  • a voice coil 14 is provided in the middle area of the loudspeaker basket 11.
  • a membrane 20 extends from the voice coil 14 to the edge 12, which is formed by means of an inventive membrane Supporting structure 30 is reinforced.
  • the membrane 20 is coupled, in particular connected, to the voice coil 14. This can be a direct connection, that is, that the voice coil 14 extends to the level of the membrane 20, but also an indirect connection, so that one or more additional connecting components are provided.
  • the basic functionality of the loudspeaker 1 according to the invention is analogous to known loudspeakers.
  • a power supply to the voice coil 14 a magnetic field is generated, which causes the voice coil 14 to repel or attract to the magnet 13.
  • This lifting movement is transmitted via the connection to the membrane 20, which also moves it.
  • air waves are generated in the area in front of the membrane 20, i.e. outside the loudspeaker basket 11, which can be perceived by humans as sounds.
  • the membrane 20 is reinforced by means of the supporting structure 30.
  • the supporting structure 30 is shown in a top view Fig. 3 as well as an enlarged view in Fig. 4 shown.
  • the supporting structure 30 extends from the voice coil 14 or the attachment of the voice coil 14 to the membrane 20 to the contact area 22 of the membrane 20 with the edge 12 of the loudspeaker basket 11.
  • a middle ring 37 can be formed here, which is in contact with the voice coil 14 and can be viewed as part of the supporting structure 30.
  • the supporting structure 30 itself is arm-shaped or branch-shaped. In the embodiment shown here, it has nine main arms 32, which branch out into three lower arms 33 in the direction of the contact area 22. In principle, however, any number of main arms 32 and lower arms 33 can be provided. Several branches, for example additional branches in the forearms 33, are also conceivable.
  • the supporting structure 30 is not only two-dimensional, that is to say in one plane, for example the plane of the membrane 20, but also in a third dimension. This enables higher degrees of freedom in the design of the supporting structure 30, whereby the supporting structure 30 can have a significantly higher stability.
  • the supporting structure 30 itself essentially has individual rods 34, so that a truss-like structure is formed. In the embodiment shown here, the rods 34 are rounded in the region of the contact area 22. This is possible, but not absolutely necessary.
  • the supporting structure 30 serves to give the membrane 20 the desired rigidity, further contact surfaces are provided between the membrane 20 and the supporting structure 30. These can be designed in particular in the form of contact enlargement 35, which in particular in Fig. 5 are visible.
  • the membrane 20 can be firmly attached to the supporting structure 30 at these contact areas. This can be done, for example, using ultrasonic welding, laser welding or even simple gluing.
  • the distance 25 between individual contact enlargements 35 of the supporting structure 30 is approximately 1 cm with a diameter of the membrane of 100 mm.
  • the supporting structure 30 is at the front approximately every 13.3 degrees from the center 24 of the membrane 20.
  • the contact enlargements 35 each have the same distance from one another. They are therefore arranged evenly distributed around the circumference of the membrane. In principle, an uneven distribution is also possible, as this can help reduce resonances.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 an alternative embodiment of the loudspeaker 1 'according to the invention is shown.
  • This essentially differs from the version according to the Figures 1 to 3 in that a bead 27 is provided in the contact area 22 of the membrane 20 with the edge 12 of the loudspeaker basket 11.
  • this can be designed as a thickening of the membrane 20, but also as part of a combined membrane, which consists of a film and a bead.
  • the bead 27 itself has a greater thickness than the membrane 20.
  • the loudspeaker construction 1, 1′ according to the invention is preferred, as in particular Fig. 2 shown, executed without centering spiders.
  • the prestressing can take place through a thermally deformable membrane 20 or a thermally deformable bead 27 and/or a corresponding prestressing when installing and fastening the bead 27 or the membrane 20 on the edge 12 of the loudspeaker basket 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
EP22161940.6A 2022-03-14 2022-03-14 Haut-parleur Pending EP4247004A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22161940.6A EP4247004A1 (fr) 2022-03-14 2022-03-14 Haut-parleur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22161940.6A EP4247004A1 (fr) 2022-03-14 2022-03-14 Haut-parleur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4247004A1 true EP4247004A1 (fr) 2023-09-20

Family

ID=80775201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22161940.6A Pending EP4247004A1 (fr) 2022-03-14 2022-03-14 Haut-parleur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4247004A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2513171A (en) * 1948-11-26 1950-06-27 Fauthal A Hassan Loud-speaker diaphragm with stiffening struts
DE920014C (de) * 1948-10-02 1954-11-11 Siemens Ag Elektrodynamischer Lautsprecher
US4373607A (en) * 1979-08-03 1983-02-15 Miller Charles D Loudspeaker cone stiffeners
AT414199B (de) 2004-12-27 2006-10-15 Gansterer Peter Lautsprechermembran mit versteifungsrippenstruktur
JP2007110356A (ja) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-26 Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd スピーカ用振動板
GB2479941A (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-02 Gp Acoustics Stiffened loudspeaker diaphragm
DE102015113259A1 (de) * 2015-08-12 2017-02-16 Elac Electroacustic Gmbh Lautsprecher mit gleichmäßiger Modenverteilung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE920014C (de) * 1948-10-02 1954-11-11 Siemens Ag Elektrodynamischer Lautsprecher
US2513171A (en) * 1948-11-26 1950-06-27 Fauthal A Hassan Loud-speaker diaphragm with stiffening struts
US4373607A (en) * 1979-08-03 1983-02-15 Miller Charles D Loudspeaker cone stiffeners
AT414199B (de) 2004-12-27 2006-10-15 Gansterer Peter Lautsprechermembran mit versteifungsrippenstruktur
JP2007110356A (ja) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-26 Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd スピーカ用振動板
GB2479941A (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-02 Gp Acoustics Stiffened loudspeaker diaphragm
DE102015113259A1 (de) * 2015-08-12 2017-02-16 Elac Electroacustic Gmbh Lautsprecher mit gleichmäßiger Modenverteilung

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