EP4257909B1 - Unité de stockage de chaleur - Google Patents

Unité de stockage de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4257909B1
EP4257909B1 EP23160857.1A EP23160857A EP4257909B1 EP 4257909 B1 EP4257909 B1 EP 4257909B1 EP 23160857 A EP23160857 A EP 23160857A EP 4257909 B1 EP4257909 B1 EP 4257909B1
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Prior art keywords
hollow
retaining
heat storage
plane
storage unit
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EP23160857.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4257909A1 (fr
EP4257909C0 (fr
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Thomas Piller
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat storage unit with at least one storage block, which is designed as a bundle of several parallel, longitudinally extended in the z-direction, closed hollow chambers made of hollow profiles, each of which is filled with PCM material, wherein in the cross-sectional plane extending in the xy-direction, at least two hollow chambers with wall sections (a, b, c, d) of their peripheral walls are arranged in a planar manner directly or indirectly via a thin, highly heat-conducting contact layer in the x-direction as well as in the y-direction of the storage block, the peripheral walls are provided with depressions running in the longitudinal direction over their entire length in at least one part of their wall sections (a, b) lying opposite one another in pairs, the depressions in the peripheral walls of two adjacent hollow chambers complement each other in cross-section to form a closed, in particular circular, ring, and a line arrangement is led through the storage block for passing through a heat-transporting fluid, said line arrangement comprising at least one line with
  • a heat storage unit of this type and also assembly steps for its assembly are described in the applicant's WO 2021/078437
  • depressions are provided, particularly in the edge areas of hollow chambers that run parallel to one another and are formed from square hollow profiles, and are inserted into the line sections of a line arrangement in order to guide a heat transfer fluid, in particular water, through.
  • a so-called phase change material, PCM material is filled into the hollow chambers in order to temporarily store heat contained in the heat transfer fluid and to release it back to it when required.
  • the hollow chambers which are thus combined from several to form a bundle, are encased on the circumference in thermal insulation material and, with regard to their vertical orientation, are accommodated in a base at the bottom and covered at the top by a thermal insulation cap.
  • a surface element is shown with a heat-conducting shell that surrounds a phase change material, whereby the surface element is directly or indirectly in heat-conducting connection with a heating or cooling line.
  • phase change material PCM material
  • this material can be easily integrated into heating or cooling ceilings or also into wall and underfloor heating, whereby a hollow profile or a plate filled with PCM material can be arranged in heat-conducting connection with a concrete ceiling.
  • two hollow profiles can each be provided with a recess on adjacent side surfaces in order to accommodate a line for a heat-conducting fluid and to enclose it over the entire surface.
  • the adjacent side surfaces are provided with a retaining element arrangement consisting of T-shaped grooves on the one hand and webs adapted to these on the other, so that they can be pushed into one another or plugged into one another in the longitudinal direction to create a positive connection.
  • a retaining element arrangement consisting of T-shaped grooves on the one hand and webs adapted to these on the other, so that they can be pushed into one another or plugged into one another in the longitudinal direction to create a positive connection.
  • Another heat storage unit is in the EN 20 2018 100 856 U1 shown.
  • a heat storage or buffer storage which is designed to supply service water, in particular heating and/or drinking water, is surrounded on the outside of its container wall in a heat-conducting manner by a pocket-like carrier into which a phase change material (PCM material) is filled.
  • PCM material phase change material
  • heat can be stored latently, ie essentially without a change in temperature, as a result of a phase change, using the phase change material in a manner known per se.
  • the EN 10 2017 125 669 A1 shows a bundled arrangement of, for example, rotationally symmetrical hollow bodies as heat storage elements in which latent heat storage medium is accommodated.
  • the heat storage elements are arranged in a first container section of a container and are open to a second container section of the container.
  • the heat storage elements with the latent heat storage medium are surrounded in the first container section by a heat transfer medium (in particular water) that flows through a third cavity of the container, which surrounds the second container section.
  • the open heat storage elements are intended to enable volume changes of the heat storage medium and to achieve the same thermodynamic equilibrium states in the heat storage elements.
  • the EN 10 2011 004 202 A1 shows a latent heat storage element with a circular-cylindrical outer shape, in which latent heat storage material is accommodated together with a matrix made of a material with increased thermal conductivity compared to the latent heat storage material.
  • the individual latent heat storage elements are surrounded by a heat transfer fluid.
  • the EN 20 2010 000 027 A1 shows a further latent heat storage device with a line arrangement arranged in a container and held therein by means of a support structure, in which a heat transfer fluid is guided, wherein the heat storage medium is arranged in heat-conducting contact with the line system in the cavity surrounded by the outer casing.
  • the EN 10 2009 036 550 A1 also shows a latent heat storage system.
  • two sub-areas are formed for the piping system carrying the heat transfer medium and the heat storage medium, and the heat transfer medium (working medium) is also guided through flow spaces that are formed in the storage medium itself.
  • the storage medium is designed, for example, as a one-piece, monolithic solid body with flow spaces running through it or as a bulk solid body.
  • the EN 10 2011 107 270 A1 shows a heat storage device with a container filled with a fluid, in particular water, in connection with an arrangement of phase change material for storing thermal energy.
  • the phase change material is arranged in bodies in the fluid that are connected to the fluid in a heat-conducting manner or, in another embodiment, is housed in a storage extension in the form of a shell-like or layer-like additional casing on the outside of the container.
  • Layered heat storage devices are also specified, with the layers containing fluid at different temperatures. and the layers are assigned phase change materials with different transformation or transition temperatures (threshold temperatures).
  • a container with a mixture of phase change material and graphite powder is disclosed.
  • the phase change material is introduced into a space between an inner and outer container wall.
  • an apparatus for heating water comprising a hot water storage tank, a heating arrangement arranged to heat water in the storage tank, and a heat exchange device arranged in the heat storage unit in a fixed relationship relative to a position of the heating arrangement, the heat exchange device comprising a hollow object and a phase change material within the hollow object.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a heat storage unit which results in the most efficient operation possible with the least possible manufacturing effort and the widest possible range of uses, in particular in connection with storage containers for hot water or similar fluids, and of specifying a method for producing the heat storage unit.
  • a line arrangement for conducting a heat-transporting fluid is guided through the storage block, that the storage block is designed as a bundle of several longitudinally extended closed hollow chambers that run parallel to one another and are tightly adjacent to one another with wall sections of their peripheral walls (directly or via a thin intermediate layer with good heat conduction), each of which is filled with PCM material, that the peripheral walls are each provided with depressions running in the longitudinal direction, and that the line arrangement has at least one line with several line sections that are connected in the depressions in a heat-conducting manner to the adjacent areas of the peripheral wall and via a heat-conducting agent in a heat-conducting manner.
  • the storage block designed as a bundle of several hollow chambers that are tightly connected to one another with their peripheral walls and are closed on all sides and contain the phase change material, results in a compact heat-storing unit that is not installed in a container filled with liquid, for example, and is easy to handle due to its structure and offers good spatial storage options.
  • the bundle of several hollow chambers arranged next to one another in the x and y directions can be assembled simply by joining them side by side using the holding element arrangements, which also form a tight, compact, good heat transfer supporting the juxtaposition of the hollow chambers, and can also be held together, for example, by external bands or belts and/or a heat-insulating covering and/or a material connection that conducts heat well.
  • the wall thicknesses of the peripheral walls of the hollow chambers can be thin, e.g. in the range of one or more mm, e.g. between 0.5 and 3 or 4 mm, and yet still be stable, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the chambers can, for example, be between 1 cm and 10 cm, e.g. between 3 cm and 5 cm or 8 cm for a square or rectangular cross-section, or can deviate from these dimensions if necessary, depending on the required size or storage capacity of the storage block.
  • the cable sections can be inserted tightly and in close contact with the surrounding wall sections, for example by means of an adhesive or sealing material, so that damage between different materials, especially metals, as a result of different electrochemical potentials can be avoided while at the same time ensuring good heat transfer.
  • the measures according to the invention contribute to efficient operation and a compact structure, in that the hollow chambers, which are closed on all sides, are each formed from hollow profile bars that are closed all around.
  • the hollow profile bars can be easily provided in a suitable length (e.g. by cutting a longer hollow profile bar to length) and in a suitable number. They are preferably firmly closed on one end (on the lower side when installed vertically) and, when filled, are also firmly or preferably openably closed on the other side (on the upper side when installed vertically) with a cover part or a closure element that can be opened therein, whereby any changes in volume can also be compensated for via the cover part.
  • the invention provides that individual hollow chambers, which are provided with rectangular or square hollow profiles, are closely joined together in a row direction (x or y) by means of holding element arrangements formed on the outside of their peripheral walls with mutually complementary holding elements running longitudinally in the z direction to form a layer of several adjacent hollow chambers, with line sections being inserted into recesses between wall sections of the hollow chambers, that several layers of joined hollow chambers are layered on top of one another with their end wall sections oriented at right angles to the row direction, that the layers placed on top of one another are held together to form a bundle by means of at least one folded-over band and/or by means of a cap placed on top of at least one end section of the bundle and/or a base placed on bottom, that the line sections are connected to form a line arrangement via connecting pieces, and that the storage block is encased on the circumference by means of heat-insulating material before or after the cap and/or the base are placed on.
  • the measures are advantageous that the hollow chambers formed from hollow profiles with their peripheral walls except for the depressions and holding element arrangements and possibly a recessed edge area next to the holding web each have an identical, essentially rectangular or square cross-section with wall sections (c, d; a, b) that are plane-parallel to the x-z plane and the y-z plane, and that the hollow chambers lined up in the x direction with their two wall sections (c, d) oriented in the x-z plane and the hollow chambers lined up in the y direction with their two wall sections (a, b) oriented in the y-z plane are aligned with one another.
  • An advantageous assembly when several hollow profiles or hollow chambers are arranged side by side in a single layer is made possible by that for each hollow profile only one wall section (yz plane or xz plane) extending at right angles to a row direction (x or y) is provided with a suspension groove (14) and only the other wall section (yz plane or xz plane) extending at right angles to this row direction (x or y) is provided with a retaining web, wherein the suspension groove and the retaining web of the hollow profile are at the same distance (d) from the same wall section (xz plane or yz plane) extending in the row direction (x or y), so that the latter wall sections in the row direction (x or y) of adjacent hollow profiles lie flush in a common plane when assembled.
  • the wall section (a) in which the hanging groove is arranged is flat except for the groove opening of a clear opening width and at least one recess and otherwise extends to the profile edges that delimit it and run in the z-direction and are possibly slightly rounded, that the clear opening width of the hanging groove is at most one sixth or eighth of the width of the wall section in question and that the holding groove is arranged closer to one of these two profile edges than to the other profile edge with respect to the center of its groove opening, in particular in the outer edge-side quarter of this wall section, wherein the distance between the edge-side opening edge of the holding groove and the near profile edge corresponds (essentially) to the distance between the side of the projection part of the holding web adjacent to the opening edge and the near profile edge, so that the Wall sections of adjacent hollow profiles are aligned with each other.
  • two hollow profiles or hollow chambers to be assembled can initially be positioned at an angle to one another with respect to the alignment direction and joined together with their holding elements (holding groove and holding web) in or against the alignment direction and then pivoted against one another about the z-axis until they lie tightly (closely) against one another with their contact surfaces of the wall sections facing one another.
  • a line section can simply be inserted, if necessary after applying a suitable heat-conducting contact layer.
  • a reliable connection between hollow profiles or hollow chambers joined together by means of their holding elements is ensured by the fact that the clear opening width of the groove opening is larger than the thickness of the projection part of the holding web measured in the same direction but smaller than the sum of the thickness of the projection part and the length of the retaining lug protruding in the same direction and engaging behind the holding edge when assembled, which is at most as long as the width of the holding edge in this direction, and that the groove depth is larger than the length of the projection part with the holding lug in the depth direction of the hanging groove.
  • the hollow profiles joined together cannot be pulled apart in the direction of alignment.
  • the projection part is rounded on its side facing away from the holding lug in the transition area to the holding lug so that the holding web can be inserted and pivoted into the holding groove at an angle without hindrance during assembly.
  • Advantageous design options consist in the fact that the depressions - with respect to an imaginary shape that is not recessed and not provided with a holding element arrangement - are arranged along flat wall sections of the peripheral wall.
  • a particularly good heat transfer between the fluid flowing through the pipe sections, in particular water, and the phase change material is achieved by the fact that the peripheral walls of the hollow chambers are made of metal, in particular aluminum.
  • a further advantageous design for production and function with good heat transfer is that the line sections are made of metal, in particular copper.
  • a functionally advantageous embodiment consists in that in each wall section of each polygonal hollow profile, in particular rectangular or square hollow profile, a recess is arranged centrally with respect to the cross-sectional width of the wall section, and further in that the hollow chambers are tightly closed on both sides at the front with a cover part, wherein in particular an upper cover part in the erected state is provided with an openable closure part.
  • the line arrangement has at least one inlet section and at least one outlet section for connection to a hot water tank.
  • a line that runs through the entire storage block between the hollow chambers or their peripheral walls can be connected to an inlet section or outlet section, or several line sections can branch off in parallel from an inlet section or outlet section, so that, for example, a lower flow rate can be achieved through the individual line sections with flow rates that are advantageous in accordance with the heat transfer times.
  • Different sizes of heat storage units in terms of geometry and/or heat storage capacity can be provided simply by combining several storage blocks in the longitudinal direction (z-direction) adjacent to one another and/or in the transverse direction (x-y direction) next to one another to form a storage block unit.
  • PCM materials with relatively different transformation temperatures can also be filled into the individual hollow chambers, for example in suitable groupings of hollow chambers, whereby the line arrangement can also be provided with several inlet sections and outlet sections as well as associated line sections in order, for example, to store heat appropriately or specifically according to the temperature of different fluid layers or water layers within the storage container.
  • the bundle of hollow chambers of a storage block is formed from several hollow chambers arranged linearly in a row direction (x-direction or y-direction perpendicular to the z-direction or longitudinal direction), held together by the holding element arrangement to form a hollow chamber layer, and several layers placed on top of each other with their two end wall sections aligned with one another in one plane.
  • the assembly and function are also facilitated by the fact that the bundle of hollow chambers of a storage block is held together by means of at least one folded, tensioned band.
  • Fig. 1A shows a storage block 3 of a heat storage unit 1 extending along a longitudinal axis (in direction z) with a bundle of closely packed hollow profile bars 10 forming hollow chambers and a line arrangement 2 with line sections 23 running in the longitudinal direction between the hollow profile bars 10 (cf. enlarged section A in Fig. 1B ).
  • a fluid heat transfer fluid
  • the formation of the hollow chambers from the hollow profile bars 10 results in design options for storage blocks 3 that can be easily adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the hollow profile bars 10 can be cut to the desired length from longer hollow profiles. They are filled with a phase change material (PCM material) in their cavity 11 and, after filling in the PCM material, are sealed tightly at the front, with the closure of one front side (the lower one when installed vertically) advantageously being permanently attached and the closure on the other front side (the upper one when installed vertically) advantageously being attached at least partially detachably as a cover part.
  • a closure part is inserted into the cover part, e.g. screwed in with a thread, fixed with bayonet closure parts, snapped in or pressed in.
  • the cover part e.g. in the area of the closure part, is preferably designed or attached in such a way that it can react to volume changes in the PCM material.
  • the entire storage block 3 can be positioned, for example, standing on or in a stable base 5 or lying on support struts or the like.
  • the line sections 23 are inserted into depressions 13 in the peripheral walls 12 of the hollow profile bars 10 and are connected to one another via the intermediate pieces, for example curved sections, and are fluidically connected at their inlet ends to the inlet section 21 and at their outlet ends to the outlet section 22.
  • the threshold temperature at which the phase transformation or heat storage and heat release takes place without a change in temperature depends on the type of PCM material and is set, for example, in a temperature range between 35 °C and 80 °C that is suitable for keeping a constant water temperature within the scope of its storage capacity. In connection with a hot water tank heated by solar energy, it is advantageous to select one or more PCM materials with a threshold temperature in the range between 55 °C and 80 °C.
  • the hollow profile bars 10 lie closely together with the flat wall sections a/b, c/d of their peripheral wall 12 along their adjacent sides, directly or indirectly via a contact layer, with good heat conduction, and form with their opposing pairs of complementary recesses 13 the receptacles for the associated line sections 23, which enclose them completely in cross-section (apart from a gap that cannot be completely avoided in practice) if necessary together with the contact layer.
  • several hollow profile bars 10, at least two in the x-direction and at least two in the y-direction, are arranged next to one another in rows and columns, so that the bundle-like storage block 3 is formed.
  • the storage block 3 can be connected to a fluid reservoir, in particular a hot water tank, for supplying or discharging the fluid to be tempered, in particular water, via the inlet section 21 and the outlet section 22.
  • the input section or possibly several input sections 21 and/or the output section or sections 22 can be arranged protruding from the front or one or more sides of a storage block 3, so that a simple connection option is provided.
  • Storage blocks 3 can be constructed in different lengths L in the z-direction and widths or thicknesses in the x- and y-directions. Storage blocks 3 can thus be provided which, in total, result in a cavity volume of the cavities 11 with the filled PCM material that is appropriate for the respective heat storage purpose and thus an appropriate storage capacity.
  • the cross-section of the cavities 11 of the individual hollow profile bars 10 and the thickness of the peripheral wall 12 can also be selected appropriately, whereby the width or thickness of the individual hollow profile bars 10 can be in the range between 1 cm and 10 cm, for example between 3 cm and 5 or 6 cm or 8 cm, and the thickness of the peripheral wall 12 can be in the mm range, for example between 0.5 and 3 mm.
  • the hollow profile bars 10, as shown have rib-like structures projecting into the cavity 11 to assist heat transfer.
  • PCM materials with different threshold temperatures can also be filled into the cavities 11 of different hollow profile bars 10 within a storage block 3, wherein the line arrangement 2 is provided with associated inlet sections 21, outlet sections 22 and line sections 23 as well as adapted intermediate pieces.
  • Another design variant or possibility of adaptation to different heat storage capacities arises by combining several storage blocks 3 to form a larger heat storage unit 1, wherein, for example, several storage blocks 3 are arranged next to one another or in a row in the longitudinal direction.
  • Another or additional variation option is provided by combining individual line sections within a storage block by fixed or controlled parallel and/or series connection (e.g. via valves) by means of appropriate arrangement or design of the intermediate pieces.
  • the bundles of hollow profile bars 10 are held together, for example, by means of circumferential retaining straps or a casing.
  • the heat storage unit 1 or a storage block 3 can be surrounded by a heat-insulating casing, such as a thermal external insulation made of four flat, plate-shaped thermal insulation plates, which are attached to the Storage block 3 can be attached detachably.
  • a heat storage unit 1 comprises hollow profile bars 10 into which PCM materials with different threshold temperatures are filled, those with a lower threshold temperature can be arranged more on the outside and those with a higher threshold temperature more on the inside in order to keep heat transfer to the environment as low as possible.
  • the hollow profiles shown in cross-section result in a clear, precise arrangement with simple assembly steps and a close, good heat-conducting arrangement between adjacent wall sections a/b or c/d and the pipe sections 23 carrying the heat-transporting fluid.
  • FIG. 2A based on a bundle of four hollow profile bars 10 (or hollow profiles) in a cross-sectional plane, two in the x-direction and two in the y-direction, the hollow profiles 10 consist largely (ignoring smaller contours in their peripheral wall 12) of square hollow profiles, in this case with a square cross-section. A similar structure with rectangular hollow profiles would also be possible.
  • each of the four wall sections a, b, c and d there is a semicircular depression 13 in the middle with respect to the extension in the cross-sectional plane, which is complemented by an opposite depression of an immediately adjacent hollow profile to form a complete free space with a circular cross-section, wherein the wall sections of adjacent hollow profiles running in the direction of the row are aligned with each other or lie in the same plane.
  • respective line sections 23 are inserted into the resulting circular free spaces, which are then completely enclosed by the adjacent hollow profiles in close contact after they have been placed against each other, as can be seen from Fig. 1B visible.
  • each hollow profile 10 oriented at right angles to the row direction x are provided with holding elements near their profile edge K1 that merges into the same profile side, which consist of a hanging groove 14 on one wall section a and a holding web 15 on the other wall section b.
  • the hanging groove 14 and the holding web 15 of two hollow profiles 10 adjacent in the row direction x thus form complementary interlocking holding elements of a holding arrangement 16.
  • the holding elements in the form of the hanging groove 14 on the one hand and the holding web 15 on the other hand preferably run continuously in the z-direction over the entire length of the hollow profile 10 (although interruptions are not excluded, they would be less favorable for the profile formation) and are designed in such a way that they can be joined together in a combination of a translational movement and a rotational movement, whereby the two wall sections a, b are initially placed one inside the other in an oblique orientation to one another in the cross-sectional plane and then pivoted against one another in a hinge-like manner by a pivoting movement until they come into contact with their wall sections a, b flatly, after a respective line section 23 has been inserted into the circular free space between the relevant recesses 13.
  • the hollow profile provided with the holding web 15 is between the holding web 15 and its (imaginary) adjacent profile edge are bevelled by an angle ⁇ with respect to the further (in cross-section) straight course of the wall section b, so that a recess bb is formed between the wall section a provided with the hanging groove 14 and the bevel.
  • the hollow profile having the retaining web 15 with its wall section b can be inserted unhindered into the hanging groove 14 with the retaining web 15 while orientated at an angle to the adjacent wall section a of the hollow profile having the hanging groove 14 and can then be moved with its wall section b into flat contact with the wall section a while pivoting.
  • the retaining web 15 which protrudes from the wall section b with a projection part 151, is provided with a retaining lug 150 which is directed parallel to the wall section b and points outwards (in the direction of the profile edge).
  • the hanging groove 14 is provided with a retaining edge 140 (in the form of a profile section) directed in the same direction as the adjoining wall section a, pointing away from the profile edge K1, which limits the groove opening to the groove space formed by the hanging groove 14 to a clear width w that is slightly larger than the thickness s of the projection part 151 of the holding web 15 running parallel to the wall section a or b.
  • the length l of the retaining lug 150 running parallel to the wall section a or b (in the aligned state) is approximately as long (or slightly shorter) as the retaining edge 150 of the hanging groove 14 pointing in the same direction.
  • the groove depth t (between the outside of the wall section a and the groove base) is slightly larger than the depth-direction extension of the projection part 151 and the sum of the thickness of the projection part s and the length of the retaining lug I is slightly smaller than the extension of the groove space in the direction of the wall section a behind the retaining edge 140.
  • the distance d of the edge of the projection part 151 pointing towards the profile edge is approximately as large as the distance between the profile edge K1 and the edge of the retaining edge 140 which limits the clear width of the groove opening, so that in the assembled state of the lined-up hollow profiles 10, the lines running in the lined-up direction (in this case x-direction) Wall sections c, d are aligned with one another in the same plane (wherein the hollow profile bars 10 each have the same cross-sectional contour).
  • the holding elements, hanging groove 14 and holding web 15, with their above-mentioned components, are coordinated with one another in such a way that the adjacent hollow profiles 10 lined up next to one another with their wall sections a, b facing one another lie closely against one another, which is supported by the pivoting-in process.
  • the profiles cannot be pulled apart in the direction of the row because the holding lug 150 engages behind the holding edge 140.
  • the projection part 151 of the holding web 15 is also rounded towards the bottom of the groove on its side remote from the holding lug 150.
  • the pivoting-in process is also supported by the fact that the holding element arrangement 16 and the recess bb in the above-mentioned design are located close to one profile edge K1 and away from the other profile edge K2 delimiting the same wall section.
  • the next layer can be formed from hollow profiles 10 lined up in a corresponding manner and placed on the previous layer (e.g. in the y direction) in such a way that the end wall sections c, d of the layers placed on top of one another are flush with one another in one plane.
  • the bundle can be tied together with bands, such as Velcro bands, and then covered with heat insulation.
  • the storage block can be inserted into an adapted base 5 which has a receiving space adapted to the outer contour of the storage block 3.
  • an adapted cap made of heat-insulating material can be placed on the upper end section of the storage block 3, through which connecting lines can be guided.
  • the outer sides of the storage block 3 can be covered with heat-insulating material.
  • the illustrated structure of the heat storage unit 1 with at least one storage block 3 results in a compact, easy-to-handle design that can also be advantageously adapted to different spatial conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur (1) comportant au moins un bloc d'accumulation (3) qui est réalisé sous forme de faisceau à partir de plusieurs chambres creuses fermées, évoluant parallèlement les unes aux autres et s'étendant longitudinalement dans la direction z, fabriquées à partir de profilés creux et qui sont respectivement remplies de matériau MCP (4), dans laquelle
    - dans le plan de section transversale se déployant dans la direction x-y, aussi bien dans la direction x que dans la direction y du bloc d'accumulation (3), au moins deux chambres creuses comportant des sections de paroi (a, b, c, d) de leurs parois circonférentielles (12) sont disposées à plat directement, ou indirectement par l'intermédiaire d'une couche de contact mince et bonne conductrice de la chaleur, de manière étanche l'une contre l'autre,
    - les parois circonférentielles (12) sont pourvues, au moins dans une partie de leurs sections de paroi (a, b) opposées par paires, de concavités (13) évoluant dans la direction longitudinale sur toute leur longueur,
    - les concavités (13) dans les parois circonférentielles (12) de respectivement deux chambres creuses adjacentes l'une à l'autre se complètent dans la section transversale en un anneau, en particulier de forme circulaire, fermé et
    - un agencement de conduite (2) est guidé à travers le bloc d'accumulation (3) pour le passage d'un fluide transportant de la chaleur, lequel agencement de conduite présente au moins une conduite (20) comportant plusieurs sections de conduite (23) qui sont reliées aux zones respectivement adjacentes de la paroi circonférentielle (12) et, par-dessus, au matériau MCP (4) de manière à transporter la chaleur dans les concavités (13) en contact direct ou fabriqué par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen thermoconducteur,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les sections de paroi (a, b) opposées par paires sont pourvues sur toute leur longueur, par rapport à une seule direction d'alignement (x ou y), d'un agencement d'éléments de maintien (16) qui présente, dans l'une des sections de paroi (a), une rainure d'accrochage (14) comportant un renfoncement de rainure, une ouverture de rainure et une bordure de maintien (140) et, dans l'autre section de paroi (b), une nervure de maintien (15) pouvant être introduite latéralement dans la rainure d'accrochage (14), perpendiculairement à la direction z, et comportant une partie saillante (151) et un ergot de maintien (150) qui vient en prise derrière la bordure de maintien (140) à l'état assemblé, dans laquelle la rainure d'accrochage (14) et la nervure de maintien (15) sont formées et dimensionnées de sorte qu'elles peuvent être assemblées l'une dans l'autre dans une direction de juxtaposition (x ou y) et dans la mesure où les sections de paroi (a, b) opposées par paires viennent en appui l'une contre l'autre directement ou indirectement par l'intermédiaire de la couche de contact qui se trouve éventuellement entre elles.
  2. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les chambres creuses réalisées à partir de profilés creux présentent respectivement, avec leur paroi circonférentielle (12), à l'exception des concavités (13) et des agencements d'éléments de maintien (16) et, éventuellement, d'une zone de bord évidée à proximité de la nervure de maintien (15), une même section transversale essentiellement de forme rectangulaire ou carrée comportant des sections de paroi (c, d ; a, b) à faces planes et parallèles au plan x-z et au plan y-z, et
    que les chambres creuses juxtaposées dans la direction x sont alignées les unes avec les autres avec leurs deux sections de paroi (c, d) orientées dans le plan x-z et les chambres creuses juxtaposées dans la direction y sont alignées les unes avec les autres avec leurs deux sections de paroi (a, b) orientées dans le plan y-z.
  3. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    pour chaque profilé creux, seule l'une des sections de paroi (plan y-z ou plan x-z) se déployant perpendiculairement à une direction de juxtaposition (x ou y) est pourvue d'une rainure d'accrochage (14) et seule l'autre section de paroi (plan y-z ou plan x-z) se déployant perpendiculairement à ladite direction de juxtaposition (x ou y) est pourvue d'une nervure de maintien (15), dans laquelle la rainure d'accrochage (14) et la nervure de maintien (15) du profilé creux sont éloignées à une même distance (d) par rapport à la même section de paroi (plan x-z ou plan y-z) se déployant dans la direction de juxtaposition (x ou y), de sorte que lesdites sections de paroi se trouvent alignées dans un plan commun dans la direction de juxtaposition (x ou y) de profilés creux adjacents à l'état assemblé.
  4. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon la revendication 3, dans la mesure où elle se rapporte à la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la section de paroi (a) dans laquelle est disposée la rainure d'accrochage (14) est plane, à l'exception de l'ouverture de rainure d'une largeur d'ouverture intérieure (w) et d'au moins une concavité (13), et se déploie par ailleurs jusqu'aux bords de profilé qui la délimitent, qui évoluent dans la direction z et qui sont éventuellement légèrement arrondis,
    que la largeur d'ouverture intérieure (w) de la rainure d'accrochage (14) est au maximum égale à un sixième ou à un huitième de la largeur de la section de paroi (a) concernée et
    que la rainure de maintien (14) est disposée, par rapport au milieu de son ouverture de rainure, plus près de l'un desdits deux bords de profilé (K1) que de l'autre bord de profilé (K2), en particulier dans le quart extérieur, côté bord, de ladite section de paroi (a), dans laquelle la distance (d) entre la bordure d'ouverture côté bord de la rainure de maintien (14) et le bord de profilé (K1) le plus proche correspond à la distance (d) entre le côté de la partie en saillie de la nervure de maintien (15) adjacent à la bordure d'ouverture et le bord de profilé (K1) le plus proche, de sorte que les sections de paroi (c, d) de profilés creux juxtaposés, orientées perpendiculairement auxdites sections de paroi (a, b), sont alignées les unes avec les autres.
  5. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la section de paroi (b) pourvue de la nervure de maintien (15) est pourvue, dans la zone entre le point d'attache côté bord de la partie saillante (151) et le bord de profilé (K1) proche dudit profilé creux, d'un évidement (bb) s'élargissant vers l'extérieur en direction de la zone de bord, en particulier d'un biseau à un angle (α), par rapport à son plan d'appui.
  6. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la largeur d'ouverture intérieure (w) de l'ouverture de rainure est supérieure à l'épaisseur (s), mesurée dans la même direction, de la partie saillante (151) de la nervure de maintien (15) mais inférieure à la somme de l'épaisseur (s) de la partie saillante (151) et de la longueur (l) de l'ergot de maintien (150) se dressant dans la même direction, venant en prise derrière la bordure de maintien (140) à l'état assemblé, qui est au maximum aussi longue que la largeur de la bordure de maintien (140) dans ladite direction, et en ce que la profondeur de rainure (t) est supérieure à la longueur de la partie saillante (151) comportant l'ergot de retenue dans le sens de la profondeur de la rainure d'accrochage (14).
  7. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    les parois circonférentielles (12) des chambres creuses sont fabriquées à partir d'un métal bon conducteur de chaleur, en particulier de l'aluminium, et qu'au moins les sections de conduite (23) de l'agencement de conduite (2) sont fabriquées à partir de métal, en particulier de cuivre.
  8. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que,
    dans chaque section de paroi de chaque profilé creux polygonal, en particulier de profilé creux à quatre bords rectangulaire ou carré, une concavité (13) est disposée au centre par rapport à la largeur de section transversale de la section de paroi.
  9. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    les chambres creuses sont fermées de manière étanche sur les deux côtés frontaux par une partie de recouvrement, dans laquelle en particulier une partie de recouvrement supérieure à l'état dressé est pourvue d'une partie de fermeture pouvant être ouverte.
  10. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    l'agencement de conduite (2) présente au moins une section d'entrée (21) et au moins une section de sortie (22) pour le raccordement à un accumulateur d'eau chaude.
  11. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    les chambres creuses d'un bloc d'accumulation (3) sont respectivement remplies d'un même matériau MCP, ou
    qu'au moins deux groupes de chambres creuses sont formés à l'intérieur d'un bloc d'accumulation (3), dans lesquels sont remplis des matériaux MCP comportant des températures de conversion différentes, dans laquelle des circuits de chaleur différents sont associés aux différents groupes au moyen de l'agencement de conduite (2).
  12. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le faisceau des chambres creuses d'un bloc d'accumulation (3) est formé à partir de plusieurs chambres creuses juxtaposées linéairement dans une direction de juxtaposition (direction x ou direction y) et maintenues ensemble en une couche de chambres creuses au moyen de l'agencement d'éléments de maintien (16), et de plusieurs couches juxtaposées avec leurs deux sections de paroi d'extrémité alignées les unes avec les autres dans un plan.
  13. Unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le faisceau des chambres creuses d'un bloc d'accumulation (3) est maintenu ensemble au moyen d'au moins une bande rabattue et tendue,
    que le faisceau des chambres creuses d'un bloc d'accumulation (3) est reçu, en particulier introduit, avec une section inférieure côté extrémité dans un socle (5) calorifuge et
    que le faisceau est enveloppé circonférentiellement et sur sa face supérieure par une isolation extérieure (4) en matériau calorifuge, en particulier en forme de plaque.
  14. Procédé permettant la construction d'une unité d'accumulation de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    des chambres creuses individuelles, lesquelles sont formées avec des profilés creux de forme à quatre bords rectangulaires ou carrés dans la section transversale, sont réunies étroitement dans une direction de juxtaposition (x ou y) au moyen d'agencements d'éléments de maintien (16) formés extérieurement sur leurs parois circonférentielles (12) et comportant des éléments de maintien complémentaires les uns des autres et évoluant longitudinalement dans la direction z, en une couche de plusieurs chambres creuses assemblées les unes aux autres, dans lequel des sections de conduite (23) sont insérées dans des concavités (13) entre des sections de paroi (a, b) des chambres creuses, que plusieurs couches de chambres creuses réunies sont superposées de manière alignée avec leurs sections de paroi d'extrémité orientées perpendiculairement à la direction de juxtaposition,
    que les couches superposées sont maintenues ensemble en un faisceau au moyen d'au moins une bande rabattue et/ou au moyen d'un capot placé en haut et/ou d'un socle (5) placé en bas sur au moins une section d'extrémité du faisceau,
    que les sections de conduite sont raccordées en un agencement de conduite par l'intermédiaire de pièces de raccordement et
    que le bloc d'accumulation (3) est enveloppé circonférentiellement au moyen d'un matériau calorifuge avant ou après la mise en place du capot et/ou du socle.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    des concavités sont également présentes entre les couches dans les sections de paroi des profilés creux, dans lesquelles sont insérées des sections de conduite (23) de l'agencement de conduite.
EP23160857.1A 2022-03-24 2023-03-09 Unité de stockage de chaleur Active EP4257909B1 (fr)

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