Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
  • B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
  • B65H57/00—Guides for filamentary materials; Supports therefor
  • B65H57/16—Guides for filamentary materials; Supports therefor formed to maintain a plurality of filaments in spaced relation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
  • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
  • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
  • B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
  • B29C70/384—Fiber placement heads, e.g. component parts, details or accessories
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
  • B65H57/00—Guides for filamentary materials; Supports therefor
  • B65H57/14—Pulleys, rollers, or rotary bars
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
  • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
  • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
  • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
  • B65H2701/314—Carbon fibres

Definitions

• This document relates to a laying head for a winding installation of at least one wick of a fiber dice coil.
• Said bobbin may comprise one to several fibres. These fibers are assembled to form a wick deposited around an object such as a hollow mandrel intended to form a reservoir which can, for example, receive pressurized fluid, such as in particular hydrogen gas. It also concerns a filament winding installation.
• Filament winding is a method of implementation by molding composite materials in the form of parts having an axis of revolution (cylinder, cone, etc.). This process is suitable for mass production and is mainly used to manufacture parts subject to high mechanical stress (tanks, pipes, etc.).
• FIG. 1 shows a filament winding installation 10, according to the known technique, comprising a mandrel 12 rotatably mounted on a frame 14 and around a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis A.
• the installation 10 comprises a reel 16 movable in translation along the longitudinal axis A and carrying a plurality of coils 17 extending substantially perpendicularly to a panel of the reel and substantially horizontally.
• Each reel 17 comprises a wick 20, which are brought together contiguously next to each other at a laying head 22 so as to form a layer.
• the laying head 22 is integral with the reel 16 via a carriage 24 movable in translation along the longitudinal axis A.
• the laying head can also move in a direction transverse to the axis of the mandrel, turn around said transverse axis, pivot around the longitudinal axis, or even move on the vertical axis.
• a layer is defined by a winding making it possible to deposit the layer on the whole of the surface of the mandrel which it is desired to cover. It is possible to create a layer of helicoidal type with the layer which is deposited by constituting helices in order to cover the whole of the surface of the cylinder and the desired zones in the hemispherical bottoms. It is possible to make a circumferential type layer where the web is deposited almost transversely to the axis of the mandrel over all or part of the cylindrical zone of the mandrel.
• Structuring by filament winding makes it possible to stack a succession of helical and/or circumferential layers in order to achieve the desired mechanical performance of the object.
• the machine is controlled by a numerical control. This numerical control is often programmed by an operator using software dedicated to filament winding.
• the ATL process uses wide ribbons (generally from 100 to 300 mm). This technique allows removal on surfaces with a small radius of curvature and large dimensions such as the wing of a civil aircraft.
• the AFP process performs a juxtaposition of tape less than 10 mm wide and an assembly at the head outlet of up to 32 tapes.
• the main applications are the production of flat parts or parts with a large radius of curvature.
• the main idea is to replace the human hand for laying down successive folds with defined fiber orientations.
• deposition head There are many types of deposition head with different geometries, in different materials. In general, an industrialist makes a compromise which makes it possible to put the greatest quantity of material per hour to the detriment of the quality of the deposited material.
• the laying head is an important component in laying up the composite on the mandrel. The impact on the overall performance of the object produced depends on the quality of the removal.
• the head as described above with reference to Figure 1 usually comprises a release roller which brings together the different locks each from a coil.
• This roller is one-piece and poses the problem of the distance traveled by each bit.
• each wick travels a unique and specific distance relative to the theoretical winding axis (immaterial line that defines the most ideal winding trajectory depending on the angle and geometry of the object). In other words, each wick travels a distance which is different from the distances traveled by the other wicks of the other coils.
• the laying head In filament winding installations, the laying head, such as that for example described in relation to FIG. 1, must ensure the following functions:
• the head is made up of machined rotating rollers, single or multi-groove, either in plastic materials (fluorinated or not) or metal (steel, stainless steel, alloy). Each one-piece roller receives several bits.
• each wick has a certain level of stickiness (allowing the fixing of the folds to one another on the mandrel) which greatly limits and makes it impossible for the wicks to slip. It is found that the undulations are even greater with a one-piece roller at the outlet of the laying head.
• This document relates to a head for laying a plurality of rovings each coming from a reel and having a longitudinal axis, the laying head comprising a plurality of pairs of line rollers for rolling the roves of the coils, each pair of line rollers being provided to be associated in operation with only one given sliver and each pair of line rollers comprising an upstream roller and a downstream roller relative to the direction of unwinding of the slivers, the line being rotationally independent of each other.
• each roller makes it possible to guarantee perfect movement of each wick without it being subjected to the movements of the other wicks.
• each bit is thus moved independently of the other bits to the downstream end of the head for placement on a mandrel.
• the rollers may have axes of rotation substantially perpendicular to the direction of the wicks.
• Each pair of line rollers can be associated with a release roller, said release rollers being coaxial and rotating independently of each other.
• two upstream and downstream rollers are associated with a given release roller which is different from the release rollers associated with the other pairs of upstream and downstream rollers.
• the axes of rotation of the rollers can be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
• the upstream roller and the downstream roller of a pair of line rollers can be staggered relative to the upstream and downstream rollers of another pair of rollers in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the rollers and containing the longitudinal axis.
• the upstream roller and the downstream roller of a pair of line rollers can be staggered relative to the upstream and downstream rollers of another pair of rollers in a plane parallel to the axes of rotation of the rollers. This parallel plane may contain the longitudinal axis.
• the k upstream rollers of the k pairs of rollers can be arranged successively in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and so that the odd upstream rollers are carried by a first upstream pivot and the even upstream rollers are carried by a second pivot arranged downstream of the first pivot.
• the k downstream rollers of the k pairs of rollers can be arranged successively in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and so that the odd downstream rollers are carried by a third upstream pivot and the even downstream rollers are carried by a fourth pivot arranged downstream of the third pivot. Furthermore, the third pivot can be arranged downstream of the second pivot.
• At least two upstream rollers of two pairs of rollers can be arranged coaxially in rotation on the same upstream pivot.
• At least two rollers downstream of two pairs of rollers can be arranged coaxially in rotation on the same pivot.
• Each roller may comprise an annular groove for receiving a bit, this annular groove having a concave bottom surface.
• the bottom of the annular groove may have a variable radius of curvature, in particular with a radius of curvature which increases from the center of the annular groove towards the outside of the annular groove.
• the axis of the downstream roller of each pair of rollers can be located outside the plane containing the axis of rotation of the upstream roller and the axis of rotation of the release roller.
• the longitudinal axis of the laying head can be positioned so that there is a plane such that all the axes of rotation of the rollers are arranged on the same side of said plane.
• a wick of a coil can be associated with each pair of rollers, the reinforcing fibers, preferably carbon fiber, of each wick being impregnated with a hardenable matrix which can in particular be made of a thermosetting material or a thermoplastic material.
• This document also relates to a device for depositing a plurality of rovings each coming from a reel, comprising a depositing head as described above, said depositing head being movable in rotation about the longitudinal axis.
• This document also relates to an installation for winding at least one roving constituted by the fibre(s) of at least one bobbin, the installation comprising a device as described above or a depositing head described previously and a robot for moving an object intended to be covered in whole or in part by said at least one wick of the coil.
• FIG. 1 Figure 1, already described above, is a schematic perspective view of a filament winding installation according to the prior art;
• Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a laying head according to this document;
• Figure 3 is a top view of a laying head according to this document.
• Figure 4 is a side view of a laying head according to this document.
• Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of a roller intended to be used with a laying head according to this document;
• Figure 6 is a schematic view of four downstream rollers of a laying head according to this document.
• FIGS 2 to 4 illustrate a laying head 8 of longitudinal axis L extending in a first longitudinal direction D1 according to this document and which comprises two side arms B1, B2 spaced apart on the other in a second direction D2 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction D1.
• This second direction D2 is perpendicular to a third direction D3 also perpendicular to the first direction D1.
• the laying head could comprise a single lateral arm B1 or B2.
• Couples of rollers upstream 10k and downstream 12k are arranged between the side arms Bi, B2 and are independent in rotation from each other, that is to say two by two.
• the laying head comprises four upstream rollers 10i, 102, I O3, 104, and four downstream 12i, 122, 12s, 124.
• the upstream 10k and downstream 12k rollers each comprise an axis of rotation s extending in the second direction D2, the axes of the rollers are therefore perpendicular to the longitudinal direction D1 and to the longitudinal axis L of the laying head 8.
• the upstream 10k and downstream 12k rollers are said to be line rollers since they provide guidance along a line of a wick Mk., this line is parallel to the longitudinal axis L. It would still be possible to qualify them as guide rollers for a wick.
• wicks Mi, M2, M3, M4 each associated with a pair of rollers upstream 10k and downstream 12k. It is understood that the present disclosure covers all the configurations where the number k of pairs of rollers [10k, 12k] is greater than or equal to 2. It is clearly understood that the invention is more particularly interesting when the number of pairs of rollers is large. and for example greater than or equal to four.
• each upstream roller is associated with a downstream roller so as to form a pair of line rollers guiding a given bit, the other bits being guided by separate pairs of roller pairs of line.
• upstream and downstream designate rollers positioned relative to each other upstream or downstream relative to the direction of unwinding or removal of the wicks Mi, M2, M3, M4 , that is to say relative to the direction of unwinding of the wick.
• the direction of unwinding of the wick Mi, M2, M3, M4 is oriented from left to right in the first direction D1.
• Each pair of upstream 10k and downstream 12k line rollers is associated with a 14k release roller.
• the release rollers are coaxial with axis 15. They are here mounted on the same pivot 19.
• Each pair of upstream and downstream rollers comprises a bearing face of the wick Mk which is symmetrical with respect to a plane Pk containing the first longitudinal direction D1 and the third longitudinal direction D3.
• the release roller associated with the pair of line rollers 10k, 12k comprises a support surface for the bit Mk which is also symmetrical with respect to the plane Pk. It is understood that the aforementioned bearing faces are annular faces and of circular section but that the bearings are not annular.
• the bearing faces 17 of the upstream 10k and downstream 12k line rollers are formed at the bottom of an annular groove 19. These bearing faces 17 may have a concave curved shape in section, although represented as being substantially plane. These bottom faces 17 of the annular groove 19 may have a variable radius of curvature, in particular with a radius of curvature which increases from the center of the annular groove towards the outside of the annular groove 19.
• Each upstream line roller 10k and downstream 12k may include two ball bearings 21 to ensure a perfectly centered rotational movement.
• the k rollers are arranged successively along the direction D2.
• the rollers 10k where k is odd are carried by the same pivot 16 and the rollers 10k where k is even are carried by the same other pivot 18.
• the pivot 16 is arranged upstream of the pivot 18.
• the rollers 12k where k is odd are carried by the same pivot 20 and the rollers 12k where k is even are carried by the same other pivot 22.
• the pivot 20 is arranged upstream of the pivot 22.
• the pivot 18 is arranged upstream of the pivot 20.
• the pivots 16, 18 , 20, 22, are arranged upstream of the pivot 19 of the release rollers 14k.
• the pivots 16, 18, 20, 22 extend in the second direction D2 and therefore extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L.
• pivots 16, 18, 20, 22 are staggered along a plane perpendicular to the axes I61, 162, 163, 164 of the pivots 16, 18, 20, 22 and containing the longitudinal axis L (FIG. 4).
• the k upstream rollers can be arranged successively in a direction D2 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and so that the odd upstream rollers are carried by a first upstream pivot 16 and the even upstream rollers are carried by a second pivot. 18 arranged downstream of the first pivot 16.
• the k downstream rollers can be arranged successively in a direction D2 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and so that the odd downstream rollers are carried by a third upstream pivot 20 and the even downstream rollers are carried by a fourth pivot. 22 arranged downstream of the third pivot 20. Furthermore, the third pivot 20 can be arranged downstream of the second pivot 18.
• the upstream line rollers comprise a first series of upstream rollers 10k where k is odd and which are carried by the same pivot 16 and a second series of upstream rollers 10k where k is even and which are carried by the same pivot 18
• the downstream line rollers comprise a first series of downstream rollers 12k where k is odd and which are carried by the same pivot 20 and a second series of downstream rollers 12k where k is even and which are carried by the same pivot 22.
• pivots 16, 18, 20, 22 are separate in pairs.
• the pivots are arranged from upstream to downstream so as to have the pivot 16 of the first series of upstream rollers 10k where k is odd, the pivot 18 of the second series of upstream rollers 10k where k is even, the pivot 20 of the first series of downstream rollers 12k where k is odd, then the pivot 22 of the second series of downstream rollers 12k where k is even.
• a wick Mk cooperates with an upstream roller of a series of upstream rollers and a downstream roller of a series of downstream rollers.
• a wick Mk with odd k cooperates with an upstream roller of the first series of upstream rollers and a downstream roller of a first series of downstream rollers and a wick Mk with k even cooperates with an upstream roller of the second series of upstream rollers and a downstream roller of a second series of downstream rollers.
• the arrangement of the rollers is such that the rovings Mk with k even and the rovings Mk with k odd are arranged alternately in the second direction D2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Robotics (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
• Guides For Winding Or Rewinding, Or Guides For Filamentary Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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• 2020
  • 2020-12-24 FR FR2014064A patent/FR3118451B1/fr active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-12-24 WO PCT/FR2021/052457 patent/WO2022136812A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2021-12-24 JP JP2023539027A patent/JP2024502294A/ja active Pending
  • 2021-12-24 EP EP21848020.0A patent/EP4267501A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-12-24 CA CA3205108A patent/CA3205108A1/fr active Pending
  • 2021-12-24 US US18/259,123 patent/US20240051241A1/en active Pending

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