EP4284661A1 - Elastomere dienique modifie etendu a la resine - Google Patents
Elastomere dienique modifie etendu a la resineInfo
- Publication number
- EP4284661A1 EP4284661A1 EP22709343.2A EP22709343A EP4284661A1 EP 4284661 A1 EP4284661 A1 EP 4284661A1 EP 22709343 A EP22709343 A EP 22709343A EP 4284661 A1 EP4284661 A1 EP 4284661A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- extended
- elastomer
- equal
- modified
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 153
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Natural products CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010011703 Cyanosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical class [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 62
- -1 hydrocarbon radical Chemical class 0.000 description 59
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 42
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 41
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 41
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 38
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 29
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 25
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 22
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 18
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 16
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000002270 exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 10
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 9
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 9
- ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(C)CC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n,1-n',1-n',2-n,2-n,2-n',2-n'-octamethylethene-1,1,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound CN(C)C(N(C)C)=C(N(C)C)N(C)C CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 5
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920002587 poly(1,3-butadiene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VUFKMYLDDDNUJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethoxymethyl)oxolane Chemical class CCOCC1CCCO1 VUFKMYLDDDNUJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004497 NIR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011208 chromatographic data Methods 0.000 description 3
- QUPDWYMUPZLYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl Chemical compound C[CH2] QUPDWYMUPZLYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- APPOKADJQUIAHP-GGWOSOGESA-N (2e,4e)-hexa-2,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\C APPOKADJQUIAHP-GGWOSOGESA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBCKYDVWOPZOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(oxolan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)oxolane Chemical class C1CCOC1COCC1CCCO1 VBCKYDVWOPZOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical class ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PDELBHCVXBSVPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical group CC1=CC(C)=C(C=C)C(C)=C1 PDELBHCVXBSVPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethenylbenzene Chemical class COC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C2C3CC=CC3C1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004915 dibutylamino group Chemical group C(CCC)N(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012156 elution solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BLHLJVCOVBYQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CC BLHLJVCOVBYQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium amide Chemical class [Li+].[NH2-] AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCZVEWRRAVASGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methanidylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[CH2-] CCZVEWRRAVASGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NSC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphine group Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
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- IWJOAWOCUCJBII-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3-trimethylsilylsulfanylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS[Si](C)(C)C IWJOAWOCUCJBII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCC2OC21 UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMXKHNVLACXGAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3-trimethylsilylsulfanylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS[Si](C)(C)C PMXKHNVLACXGAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/22—Incorporating nitrogen atoms into the molecule
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/24—Incorporating phosphorus atoms into the molecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/25—Incorporating silicon atoms into the molecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/26—Incorporating metal atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/06—Butadiene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/06—Sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/43—Compounds containing sulfur bound to nitrogen
- C08K5/44—Sulfenamides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/006—Additives being defined by their surface area
Definitions
- the invention relates to a modified diene elastomer extended to the resin, to its method of manufacture and to rubber compositions containing it, these rubber compositions being intended in particular for the manufacture of semi-finished articles for tires and for the manufacture of tyres.
- a tire tread must meet a large number of often contradictory technical requirements, including good grip on dry and wet roads while offering low rolling resistance.
- Another means of achieving the compromise of grip performance on both dry and wet roads while offering low rolling resistance consists in using a high content of plasticizing resins in the low-hysteretic rubber compositions.
- this use of high content of plasticizing resins results in an increase in the tackiness of the composition. This increase in the tackiness of the composition is detrimental to the processability of the rubber composition in the various mixing tools.
- the Applicant sought to further improve the processability of resin-extended diene elastomers by further reducing the tackiness of the rubber compositions containing them without impairing the other properties of these compositions.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide resin-extended diene elastomers which make it possible to obtain rubber compositions having improved processability while retaining good hysteresis properties or even improving these properties. properties. These improvements should also not come at the expense of the quality of the extrudate.
- This object is achieved by specific resin-extended diene elastomers and by rubber compositions containing them. Specifically, this object is achieved by selecting a resin-extended modified diene elastomer based on a plasticizer resin and a diene elastomer based on a plasticizer resin and a diene elastomer having a molar mass number average before modification Mnl and a number average molar mass Mn2 after modification, Mnl and Mn2 being measured by triple detection steric exclusion chromatography as described below, the modified diene elastomer comprises branched chains and responds to the following general formula (I) in which :
- E represents a branch of the diene elastomer
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of P, Si and Sn;
- Ri represents, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl;
- R3 represents a saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or non-cyclic, C1-C18 divalent hydrocarbon radical, or a C6-C18 aromatic divalent hydrocarbon radical, preferably R3 is a C1-C10 alkanediyl;
- - Y represents a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge
- m is an integer being equal to 2, 3 or 4
- n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2;
- This modified diene elastomer as defined above advantageously confers on the rubber compositions containing it a tackiness significantly reduced compared to the diene elastomers extended to the resin of the prior art (therefore an improved processability) and an improvement in the properties of hysteresis corroborating an improvement in rolling resistance performance for tyres.
- the modified diene elastomer as defined above has the advantage of providing a rubber composition of homogeneous and uniform quality, which is reflected during its extrusion by a good finish of the extrudate, both at the level of its surface than of its edges.
- Another object of the present invention relates to a rubber composition based on at least one resin-extended modified diene elastomer as defined above, at least one reinforcing filler and at least one crosslinking system.
- These compositions have the following advantages: they have little or no sticking to mixing tools and other tools for manufacturing compositions and semi-finished articles for tires, they have good hysteresis properties and their extrusion is reproducible and homogeneous.
- Another object of the present invention relates to a semi-finished rubber article for a tire comprising at least one crosslinkable or crosslinked rubber composition as defined above.
- the semi-finished article for a tire is a tread.
- Another object of the present invention is a tire comprising at least one rubber composition as defined above or a semi-finished article defined above.
- the number-average molar mass (Mn), and if applicable the weight-average molar mass (Mw) and the polydispersity index (Ip) of the elastomers are determined in a known manner, by triple detection steric exclusion chromatography "SEC -3D” (SEC: Size Exclusion Chromatography).
- Triple detection steric exclusion chromatography has the advantage of measuring average molar masses directly without calibration.
- the refractive index increment dn/dc of the sample is determined.
- the sample is dissolved beforehand in tetrahydrofuran at different precisely known concentrations (0.5 g/l; 0.7 g/l; 0.8 g/l; 1 g/l and 1.5 g/l ); then each solution is filtered through a filter with a porosity of 0.45 ⁇ m.
- Each solution is then injected directly using a syringe pump into a Wyatt differential refractometer under the trade name “OPTILAB T-REX” with a wavelength of 658 nm and thermostated at 35°C.
- the refractive index is measured by the refractometer.
- Wyatt's ASTRA software plots the detector signal as a function of sample concentration.
- the ASTRA software automatically determines the directing coefficient of the line corresponding to the refractive index increment of the sample in tetrahydrofuran at 35°C and at the wavelength of 658 nm.
- the previously prepared and filtered 1 g/l solution is used, which is injected into the chromatographic system.
- the equipment used is a “WATERS alliance” chromatographic chain.
- the elution solvent is antioxidized tetrahydrofuran, with BHT (2,6-diter-butyl 4-hydroxy toluene) of 250 ppm, the flow rate is 1 ml.min 1 , the system temperature 35°C and the 60 min analysis time.
- the columns used are a set of three AGILENT columns with the trade name “PL GEL MIXED B LS”.
- the injected volume of the sample solution is 100 ⁇ l.
- the detection system is composed of a Wyatt differential viscometer with the trade name "VISCOSTAR II”, a Wyatt differential refractometer with the trade name “OPTILAB T-REX” with a wavelength of 658 nm, a diffusion detector of Wyatt multi-angle static light with a wavelength of 658 nm and trade name “DAWN HELEOS 8+”.
- the value of the refractive index increment dn/dc of the sample solution obtained above is integrated.
- the chromatographic data processing software is the “ASTRA from Wyatt” system.
- the SEC (Size Exclusion Chromatography) technique separates macromolecules in solution according to their size through columns filled with a porous gel. The macromolecules are separated according to their hydrodynamic volume, the largest being eluted first.
- the equipment used is a “WATERS alliance” chromatographic chain.
- the elution solvent is either antioxidant tetrahydrofuran, with BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) of 250 ppm, or tetrahydrofuran without antioxidant, the flow rate is 1 ml.min 1 , the system temperature 35° C and the duration of 45 min analysis.
- the columns used are either a set of three AGILENT columns with the trade name “POLYPORE” or a set of four AGILENT columns: two with the trade name “PL GEL MIXED D” and two with the trade name “PL GEL MIXED E”.
- the injected volume of the plasticizer polymer sample solution is 100 ⁇ l.
- the detector is a "WATERS 2410" differential refractometer and the chromatographic data processing software is the "WATERS EMPOWER" system.
- the average molar masses calculated are relative to a calibration curve produced from standard polystyrene.
- Tg glass transition temperatures
- NIR Near infrared spectroscopy
- the microstructure of elastomers is characterized by the technique of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR).
- NIR near infrared
- NIR near-infrared
- the principle of the method is based on the Beer-Lambert law generalized to a multicomponent system. The method being indirect, it calls upon a multivariate calibration [Vilmin, F.; Dussap, C.; Coste, N.
- Applied Spectroscopy 2006, 60, 619-29 carried out using standard elastomers with a composition determined by 13C NMR.
- the styrene content and the microstructure are then calculated from the NIR spectrum of an elastomer film approximately 730 ⁇ m thick.
- the acquisition of the spectrum is carried out in transmission mode between 4000 and 6200 cm' 1 with a resolution of 2 cm 1 , using a near infrared spectrometer with Fourier transform Bruker Tensor 37 equipped with an InGaAs detector cooled by Peltier effect.
- the inherent viscosity of elastomers at 25°C is determined from a 0.1 g.dl -1 solution of elastomer in toluene, according to the following principle:
- the inherent viscosity is determined by measuring the flow time t of the polymer solution and the flow time t 0 of the toluene, in a capillary tube.
- C concentration of the polymer solution in toluene in g.dl 1
- t flow time of the polymer solution in toluene in seconds
- t 0 flow time of the toluene in seconds
- inh inherent viscosity expressed in dl.g -1 .
- the dynamic properties, and in particular tan ⁇ max, are measured on a viscoanalyzer (Metravib VA4000), according to standard ASTM D 5992-96.
- the response of a sample of vulcanized composition (cylindrical specimen 2 mm thick and 79 mm 2 in section) subjected to a sinusoidal stress in simple alternating shear, at a frequency of 10 Hz, under normal conditions is recorded. temperature (23°C) according to standard ASTM D 1349-99.
- a deformation amplitude sweep is performed from 0.1% to 50% peak-peak (outward cycle), then from 50% to 0.1% peak-peak (return cycle).
- the result more particularly exploited is the loss factor tan ô.
- tan ⁇ max the maximum value of tan ⁇ observed is indicated, denoted tan ⁇ max.
- This value is representative of the hysteresis of the material and in the present case of the rolling resistance: the lower the value of tan ⁇ max, the lower the rolling resistance.
- the results of the dynamic properties are given in base 100. An index less than 100 will indicate an improvement in the hysteresis properties, therefore an improvement in the rolling resistance performance of a tire.
- the stickiness of the rubber compositions is measured by means of a tack measurement which also bears the name of an adhesion test, called the “probe-tack” or “mico-tack” test. This test corresponds to a contact test between a surface (a probe) and an adhesive (the composition).
- the test is carried out at a temperature of 70° C. corresponding to the temperature of the rubber composition and of the surface; the composition not being vulcanized. The variation of the applied force as a function of the displacement is recorded.
- the test is carried out according to the requirements of the ASTM D2979-01 (2009) standard under the following conditions:
- the stickiness index is calculated in base 100 compared to the control with the peeling energy at 70°C. In this way, a result of less than 100 indicates a decrease in tackiness which corroborates better processability of the composition.
- the appearance of the extrudate is scored according to the B system, namely a surface score ranging from E to A, the letter E being the worst score, and an edge score ranging from 1 to 10 in ascending order, 1 being the lowest score.
- the determination of the amount of plasticizing resin in the resin-extended elastomer is also carried out by analysis of steric exclusion chromatography with refractive index (SEC-RI).
- the equipment used is a "WATERS Alliance 2695" chromatograph.
- the eluting solvent is tetrahydrofuran with antioxidant BHT at 250 ppm.
- the flow rate is 1 ml/min, the system temperature 35°C and the analysis time 35 min.
- a set of 3 Agilent columns is used in series, with the trade names “PLgel MIXED-D” and “PLgel MIXED-E”. This set is composed of 2 “Agilent PL GEL Mixed D” columns and one “Agilent PL GEL Mixed E” column in series.
- the injected volume of the resin-extended elastomer sample solution is 100 ⁇ l.
- the detector is a "WATERS 2410" differential refractometer, with a wavelength of 810 nm
- the software for exploiting the chromatographic data is the "WATERS EMPOWER" system.
- Calibrators using a non-resin extended elastomer of the same microstructure as the resin extended elastomer are used. These calibrators are prepared in tetrahydrofuran with 250 ppm BHT antioxidant (butylated hydroxytoluene BHT).
- BHT antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene BHT
- Several calibrants are made from an elastomer not extended with resin at precisely known concentrations in g/l so as to obtain a standard range. Each calibrant is injected at 100 ⁇ l into the chromatographic system. Using data reprocessing software, each calibrator peak is integrated. It is then possible to know the total area of the peak of each calibrator. A calibration line is then constructed by plotting the area of the calibrator peak as a function
- the resin-extended elastomer is then injected after the calibration line has been produced.
- the signals of the resin and the elastomer being separated using SEC columns, it is therefore possible to perform a quantification.
- the peak obtained for the elastomer is then integrated using data reprocessing software; the area of said peak is then plotted on the previously constructed calibration line. It is then possible to deduce the elastomer concentration in g/1 in the elastomer extended to the resin (Céiasto).
- the concentration of the elastomer extended to the resin and dissolved is known (Cech).
- the quantification of the resin content is therefore carried out indirectly by the following relationship:
- any interval of values designated by the expression “between a and b” represents the range of values going from more than a to less than b (i.e. limits a and b excluded) while any interval of values denoted by the expression “from a to b” means the range of values going from a to b (that is to say including the strict limits a and b).
- part by weight per hundred parts by weight of elastomer “or pce”, it is to be understood within the meaning of the present invention, the part, by mass per hundred parts by mass of elastomer.
- a so-called majority species in a modified elastomer is the one representing the largest weight fraction among the constituent species of the modified diene elastomer, relative to the total weight of the modified diene elastomer. In a system comprising a single compound of a certain type, this is the majority within the meaning of the present invention.
- primary or secondary amine means a primary or secondary amine both protected and unprotected by a protective group known to those skilled in the art.
- modified diene elastomer a mixture of macromolecules resulting from the reaction of a living diene elastomer with a modification comprising at least two functions reactive with respect to the reactive end of the living diene elastomer.
- a modification reaction with a modifying agent comprising more than one function reactive towards the living elastomer results in a mixture of macromolecules modified at the end of chains and macromolecules coupled or spangled with at least three branches and at most as many branches as there are reactive functions carried by the modifying agent; the coupled and star shapes constituting the branched chains of the modified elastomer.
- the molar ratio of the modifying agent to the living chains and the number of its reactive functions certain species are more or less present, or even predominant, in the mixture.
- the expression "monomer unit”, whether diene or otherwise, is understood as a repeating unit of the polymer derived from the monomer in question.
- the expression "branching unit” is understood as a non-repetitive unit (there is only one in the polymer), resulting from the modifying agent on which has or have reacted live diene elastomer chains, and to which the diene elastomer chains are attached.
- the branching unit may consist, for example, of an atom to which the chains of diene elastomers are attached, this atom possibly being or not substituted by groups and/or chemical functions.
- the compounds mentioned in the description can be of fossil origin or biobased. In the latter case, they can be, partially or totally, derived from biomass or obtained from renewable raw materials derived from biomass. In the same way, the compounds mentioned can also come from the recycling of materials already used, that is to say they can be, partially or totally, from a recycling process, or obtained from materials raw materials themselves from a recycling process. This concerns in particular polymers, plasticizers, fillers, etc.
- resin-extended elastomer is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a material of the composite type, solid, formed of an elastomer and a resin intimately mixed with each other; the mixing of the resin with the elastomer being carried out in a liquid medium in an organic solvent, preferably in a non-polar organic solvent.
- the resin is therefore mixed in an elastomer in solution; that is to say the organic solvent and said elastomer form only a single phase visible to the naked eye. There is no precipitate or suspension of particles of said elastomer in the solution. This definition therefore excludes materials which would have been obtained by mass-mixing (or dry-mixing) an elastomer with a resin.
- Tg a single (single) value of Tg is obtained when measuring this parameter for the resin-extended elastomer.
- This Tg of the elastomer extended to the resin is different from that of the synthetic elastomer and that of the plasticizing resin measured before their mixing.
- a first object of the present invention relates to a resin-extended modified diene elastomer based on a plasticizing resin and a diene elastomer having a number-average molar mass before modification Mnl and a number-average molar mass Mn2 after modification, Mnl and Mn2 being measured by triple detection steric exclusion chromatography as described above, the modified diene elastomer comprises branched chains and corresponds to the following general formula (I) in which :
- E represents a branch of the diene elastomer
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of phosphorus (P), silicon (Si) and tin (Sn);
- Ri represents, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl;
- R3 represents a saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or non-cyclic, C1-C18 divalent hydrocarbon radical, or a C6-C18 aromatic divalent hydrocarbon radical, preferably R3 is a C1-C10 alkanediyl;
- - Y represents a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge
- m is an integer being equal to 2, 3 or 4
- n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2;
- the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin based on a plasticizer resin and a diene elastomer according to the invention comprises at least one modified diene elastomer and at least one plasticizer resin.
- This modified diene elastomer extended to the resin can also contain other extenders such as, for example, extender oils, in particular extender oils of petroleum or natural origin, such as, for example, oils comprising triglycerides.
- the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin also comprises an extender oil, the content of the latter is preferably lower than the content of the resin in the modified diene elastomer.
- the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin according to the invention consists, preferably essentially, of a modified diene elastomer as defined below and at least one plasticizing resin; i.e. it does not include extender oil.
- the Mn2/Mnl ratio is greater than or equal to 1.10, more preferably is greater than or equal to 1.20; preferably is within a range from 1.30 to 4.00; more preferably in a range from 1.40 to 2.00.
- the number-average molar mass Mnl is greater than or equal to 140,000 g/mol, preferably within a range ranging from 150,000 g/mol to 230,000 g/mol and in particular the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin has a ratio Mn2/Mnl strictly greater than 1.10; more preferably ranging from 1.30 to 4.00; more preferably still in a range ranging from 1.40 to 2.00.
- the resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to the invention has a number-average molar mass Mn2 that is greater than or equal to 205,000 g/mol, preferably greater than or equal to 210,000 g/mol, more preferably still greater than or equal to to 250,000 g/mol, more preferably still greater than 300,000 g/mol.
- the resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to the invention has a number-average molar mass Mn2 that is greater than or equal to 205,000 g/mol, preferably greater than or equal to 210,000 g/mol, more preferably still greater than or equal to at 250,000 g/mol, more preferably still greater than 300,000 g/mol and has an Mn2/Mnl ratio greater than or equal to 1.10, more preferably is greater than or equal to 1.20; preferably is within a range from 1.30 to 4.00; more preferably in a range from 1.40 to 2.00.
- elastomer capable of being used in the context of the present invention, must be understood in a known manner a synthetic elastomer consisting at least in part of conjugated diene monomer units or not.
- synthetic diene elastomer more particularly means: any homopolymer of a diene monomer, particularly a conjugated diene monomer, in particular any homopolymer obtained by polymerization of a conjugated diene monomer having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms;
- copolymers with one or more vinylaromatic monomers may contain from 20 to 99% by weight of conjugated diene units and from 1 to 80% by weight of units derived from vinylaromatic monomers.
- Suitable conjugated diene monomers having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms include 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene), 2,3-di(C1-C5 alkyl) - 1,3-butadienes such as for example 2,3-dimethyl-l,3-butadiene, 2,3-diethyl-l,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-3-ethyl-l,3-butadiene , 2-methyl-3-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, aryl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,4-hexadiene and mixtures of these monomers.
- the conjugated diene monomer having 4 to 12 carbon atoms is 1,3-butadiene or 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, more preferably is 1,3-butadiene.
- Suitable vinylaromatic monomers include, for example, styrene, ortho-, meta-, para-methylstyrene, the commercial "vinyl-toluene" mixture, para-tert-butylstyrene, methoxystyrenes, chlorostyrenes, vinylmesitylene, divinylbenzene, vinylnaphthalene and the mixture of these monomers.
- the vinylaromatic monomer is styrene.
- the modified diene elastomer is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes, synthetic polyisoprenes, butadiene copolymers, isoprene copolymers and mixtures of these elastomers.
- the modified diene elastomer is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes (BR), synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), copolymers of butadiene and styrene (SBR), copolymers of isoprene and styrene (SIR) , isoprene-butadiene copolymers (BIR) and isoprene-butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBIR).
- BR polybutadienes
- IR synthetic polyisoprenes
- SBR copolymers of butadiene and styrene
- SIR copolymers of isoprene and styrene
- BIR isoprene-butadiene copolymers
- SBIR isoprene-butadiene-styrene copolymers
- the modified diene elastomer is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes and copolymers of butadiene and styrene.
- the modified diene elastomer is a copolymer of styrene and butadiene.
- the diene elastomers can have any microstructure depending on the polymerization conditions used. Diene elastomers can be block, random, block, microblock. Preferably, the diene elastomer is a statistical diene elastomer.
- the modified diene elastomer may have any Tg comprised within a range from 1° C. to -68° C., the Tg being measured according to the standard described above and on the modified diene elastomer before its extension to the resin .
- polybutadienes are suitable and in particular those having a 1-2 unit content (also called % vinyl) comprised in a range ranging from 30 to 70, more preferably ranging from 40 to 60% by weight relative to the weight of the polybutadiene.
- a 1-2 unit content also called % vinyl
- copolymers of styrene and butadiene are suitable, and in particular those having a styrene content in a range from 1 to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the copolymer, and a 1,2 bond content of the butadiene part comprised in a range ranging from 20 to 50% by weight relative to the weight of the butadiene portion, and a content of trans 1,4 bonds comprised within a range ranging from 15 to 80% by weight relative to the weight of the butadiene part.
- the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin according to the invention is a synthetic diene elastomer comprising at least two diene elastomer branches connected to a core which may be an atom or a group of atoms.
- Linear and comb diene elastomers are not modified diene elastomers within the meaning of the present invention.
- the modified diene elastomer comprises branched macromolecules comprising within their structure an n-functional branching unit, n being equal to 2, 3 or 4, consisting of an atom chosen from the group consisting of an of phosphorus, a silicon atom, a tin atom, said atom being substituted by at least two diene elastomer branches and at most n diene elastomer branches.
- n being equal to 2, 3 or 4
- the number of elastomer branches cannot be greater than the valence of the atom constituting the branching unit.
- the linear species of the modified diene elastomer are minority species.
- modified diene elastomer extended to the resin according to the invention comprises branched chains and corresponds to the following general formula (I) in which :
- E represents a branch of the diene elastomer
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of P, Si and Sn;
- Ri represents, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10 alkyl, or a C6-C12 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl;
- R3 represents a saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or non-cyclic, C1-C18 divalent hydrocarbon radical, or a C6-C18 aromatic divalent hydrocarbon radical, preferably R3 is a C1-C10 alkanediyl;
- - Y represents a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge
- m is an integer being equal to 2, 3 or 4
- n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2
- p is an integer being equal to 0, 1 or 2
- E can represent a branch of a butadiene homopolymer or a butadiene copolymer, preferably E can represent a branch of a polybutadiene or of a styrene copolymer and butadiene, more preferably still a copolymer of styrene and butadiene.
- Ci-Cj alkyl is meant a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon-based group comprising from i to j carbon atoms; i and j being integers.
- Ci-Cj aryl is meant within the meaning of the present invention one or more aromatic rings having i to j carbon atoms, which can be joined or fused.
- the aryl groups can be monocyclic or bicyclic groups, preferably monocyclic.
- an aryl can be phenyl.
- the aryl groups can be substituted by one or more substituents, which are identical or different.
- substituents of the aryl groups mention may be made, by way of example, of the alkyl groups (as defined above).
- Ci-Cj alkanediyl is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a divalent group of general formula CnIUn derived from an alkane having between i and j carbon atoms.
- the divalent group can be linear or branched and optionally be substituted.
- R independently of each other, can represent a C1-C8 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl, more preferably a C1-C4 alkyl or a C1-C4 aryl.
- C6 More preferably still, R 1 , independently of each other, can represent a methyl, an ethyl or a phenyl substituted or not by one or more C1-C4 alkyls.
- Ri independently of one another, can represent a methyl, an ethyl or a phenyl substituted or not by one or more t-butyl groups.
- R2 independently of each other, can represent a methyl, an ethyl or a propyl.
- R3 can be a C1-CIO alkanediyl, preferably a C1-C6 alkanediyl, more preferably still propanediyl.
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler may comprise at least one heteroatom chosen from nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen and phosphorus.
- the function capable of interacting with the reinforcing filler can be a primary, secondary or tertiary amine function, isocyanates, imines, cyanos, thiols, carboxylates, epoxides, primary, secondary or tertiary phosphines.
- amines substituted by C1-CIO alkyl radicals preferably C1-C4 alkyl, more preferably a methyl or ethyl radical, or cyclic amines forming a heterocycle containing a nitrogen atom and at least one carbon atom, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- methylamino-, dimethylamino-, ethylamino-, diethylamino-, propylamino-, dipropylamino-, butylamino-, dibutylamino-, pentylamino-, dipentylamino-, hexylamino-, dihexylamino-, hexamethyleneamino- groups are suitable, preferably diethylamino groups.
- - and dimethylamino-
- ketimines By way of imine function, mention may be made of ketimines.
- carboxylate function mention may be made of acrylates or methacrylates. Such a function is preferably a methacrylate.
- epoxy By way of epoxide function, mention may be made of epoxy or glycidyloxy groups.
- phosphines substituted with C1-C10 alkyl radicals preferably C1-C4 alkyl radicals, more preferably a methyl or ethyl radical, or else diphenylphosphine.
- the methylphosphino-, dimethylphosphino-, ethylphosphino-, diethylphosphino, ethylmethylphosphino- and diphenylphosphino- groups are suitable.
- the preferred modified diene elastomer extended to the resin of formula (II) may be the one in which:
- E represents a branch of a butadiene homopolymer or a butadiene copolymer; preferably a branch of a polybutadiene or a styrene butadiene copolymer; more preferably a copolymer of styrene and butadiene;
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of P, Sn and Si; preferably P or Si;
- Ri represents, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C4 alkyl; more preferably methyl or ethyl;
- R3 represents a C1-C6 alkanediyl, more preferably propanediyl;
- Y is an amine function capable of interacting with a reinforcing charge
- m is an integer equal to 2, 3 or 4
- n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2;
- the second constituent of the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin in accordance with the invention is a plasticizing resin.
- the term “resin” is reserved in the present application, by definition, for a compound which is solid at room temperature (23° C., 1 atm), as opposed to a liquid plasticizer at room temperature such as an oil.
- Plasticizing resins are polymers well known to those skilled in the art. These are hydrocarbon resins essentially based on carbon and hydrogen but which may contain other types of atoms, which can be used in particular as plasticizers or tackifying agents in polymer matrices. They are by nature miscible (i.e., compatible) at the rates used with the compositions of diene elastomer(s) for which they are intended, so as to act as true diluting agents. They have been described, for example, in the work entitled "Hydrocarbon Resins" by R. Mildenberg, M. Zander and G.
- plasticizing resins (most often comprised within a range ranging from 30° C. to 95° C.).
- hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing hydrocarbon resins” are interchangeable.
- Tg of the resins that can be used in the context of the present invention is measured according to standard ASTM D3418-08 (2008).
- these plasticizing resins can also be qualified as thermoplastic resins in the sense that they soften on heating and can thus be molded. They can also be defined by a softening point or temperature.
- the softening temperature of a plasticizing resin is generally about 50° C. to 60° C. higher than its Tg value.
- the softening point is measured according to the ISO 4625 standard of 2012 (“Ring and Bail” method).
- the plasticizing resin that can be used in the context of the present invention has a Tg greater than or equal to 0° C., preferably greater than or equal to 20° C., preferably greater than or equal to 30° C. (in particular between 30° C. and 95°C). It is understood that the Tg of the plasticizing resin used in the formulation of the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin in accordance with the invention is measured on the plasticizing resin prior to its mixing with the modified diene elastomer.
- the plasticizing resin that can be used in the context of the present invention has a softening point greater than or equal to 50° C. (in particular between 50° C. and 150° C.) measured according to the ISO 4625 standard of 2012 (“Ring and Lease”).
- the plasticizing resin that can be used in the context of the present invention has a number-average molar mass (Mn) of between 400 and 2000 g/mol, preferably between 500 and 1500 g/mol.
- IP polydispersity index
- the Mn, Mw and Ip of plasticizing resins are measured according to the method of steric exclusion chromatography with refractive index as described above.
- the plasticizing resin that can be used in the context of the present invention may have a Tg greater than or equal to 20° C., preferably greater than or equal to 30° C. and a Mn of between 400 and 2000 g/mol, preferably between 500 and 1500 g/mol.
- the plasticizing resins which can be used in the context of the present invention may have all of the preferential characteristics above.
- the plasticizing resin that can be used in the context of the present invention is chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic resins, aromatic resins and mixtures of these resins.
- plasticizing resins that can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of those chosen from the group consisting of resins of homopolymers or copolymers of cyclopentadiene (abbreviated as CPD), resins of homopolymers or copolymers of dicyclopentadiene (in abbreviated form DCPD), resins of homopolymers or copolymers of terpene, resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C5 cut, resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C9 cut, mixtures of resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C5 cut and resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C9 cut, resins of homopolymers or copolymers of alpha-methyl-styrene and mixtures of these resins.
- CPD resins of homopolymers or copolymers of cyclopentadiene
- DCPD dicyclopentadiene
- terpene resins of homopol
- plasticizing resins above are well known to those skilled in the art and commercially available, for example sold by the company Exxon Mobil under the name "Escorez” with regard to C5/styrene cut resins or C5 cut resins or C5 cut resin C9 and CPD or DCPD resins.
- the content of plasticizing resin in the resin-extended elastomer is within a range ranging from 5 to 100 phr, preferably from 30 to 80 phr.
- the level of plasticizing resin in the resin-extended diene modified elastomers was measured according to the method described above.
- the modified diene elastomer of formula (I) according to the invention can be obtained by any process in which the resin is added to the modified diene elastomer in solution in an organic solvent, preferably in a nonpolar solvent.
- an organic solvent preferably a nonpolar organic solvent
- a modified diene elastomer comprising branched chains corresponding to formula (I) as defined above and having a number-average molar mass before modification Mnl and a number-average molar mass Mn2 after modification, Mnl and Mn2 being measured by triple detection steric exclusion chromatography as described above such that Mn2 is greater than or equal to 200,000 g/mol and that the Mn2/Mnl ratio is strictly greater than 1.00 to obtain a solution of the modified diene elastomer of formula (I).
- the addition of this resin can be done directly in the solution of modified diene elastomer comprising branched chains corresponding to the formula (I), that is to say by adding this resin in solid form, or else the resin in solid form can be dissolved beforehand in a solvent organic, preferably in the same organic solvent as that used in the previous step.
- the resin can be heated to a temperature above its softening point and be incorporated into the solution containing the modified diene elastomer in molten form.
- the solvent is removed by any means known to those skilled in the art, such as than, for example, steam stripping.
- the modified diene elastomer extended with the resin is recovered in the form of “crumb” which can be washed and dried, and possibly shaped in the form of rubber balls in particular for their storage and their subsequent use.
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn and P;
- T represents a halogen atom or an OR4 radical with R4 a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl;
- R3 represents a saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or non-cyclic, C1-C18 divalent hydrocarbon radical, or a C6-C18 aromatic divalent hydrocarbon radical, preferably R3 is a C1-C10 alkanediyl;
- - Y is a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge; p represents an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; q represents an integer equal to 0 or 1; r represents an integer equal to 2, 3 or 4; provided that :
- halogen designates an atom chosen from the group formed by fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I).
- the halogen is chlorine.
- R4 independently of one another, can represent a C1-C8 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl, more preferably a C1-C4 alkyl or a C6 aryl. More preferably still, R4, independently of each other, can represent a methyl, an ethyl or a phenyl substituted or not by one or more C1-C6 alkyls. More preferably still, R4, independently of each other, can represent a methyl, an ethyl or a phenyl substituted or not by one or more t-butyl groups.
- R2 independently of each other, can represent a methyl, an ethyl or a propyl.
- R3 may be a C1-C10 alkanediyl, more preferably still a C1-C6 alkanediyl, plus propanediyl.
- the function capable of interacting with the reinforcing filler can comprise at least one heteroatom chosen from nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen and phosphorus.
- the function capable of interacting with the reinforcing filler can be a primary, secondary or tertiary amine function, isocyanates, imines, cyanos, thiols, carboxylates, epoxides, phosphines primary, secondary or tertiary.
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler can preferably be a primary amine, protected or not, secondary, protected or not, or tertiary.
- the nitrogen atom can then be substituted by two groups, identical or different, which can be a trialkyl silyl radical, the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a C1-C10 alkyl radical, preferably C1 alkyl -C4, more preferably a methyl or ethyl radical, or the two nitrogen substituents together form a heterocycle containing a nitrogen atom and at least one carbon atom, preferably from 2 to 6 carbon atoms .
- the preferred agent of formula (II) may have the following characteristics:
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of P, Sn and Si; preferably P or Si
- T represents a halogen atom, preferably chlorine, or an OR4 radical with R4 a C1-C4 alkyl or a C6 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C4 alkyl; more preferably methyl or ethyl;
- R3 represents a C1-C6 alkanediyl, more preferably propanediyl;
- the modifying agents of formula (II) which are even more preferred may be those for which: Z represents a phosphorus atom; T represents a halogen atom or an OR4 radical with R4 a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6 aryl; R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl; p represents an integer equal to 0 or 1; r represents an integer equal to 2 or
- the polymerization step is implemented in a conventional manner by anionic polymerization initiated for example by means of an organic compound of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal.
- Anionic polymerization generates elastomer chains having a reactive site at the end of the chain. We then commonly speak of living elastomer or living chain.
- the polymerization initiator can be any known anionic initiator.
- An initiator containing an alkali metal such as lithium or an alkaline-earth metal such as barium is preferably used.
- Suitable initiators containing lithium are in particular those comprising a carbon-lithium bond or a nitrogen-lithium bond.
- Representative compounds are aliphatic organolithiums such as ethyllithium, n-butyllithium (n-BuLi), isobutyllithium, and lithium amides obtained from a cyclic secondary amine, such as pyrrolidone and hexamethyleneimine.
- anionic polymerization initiators are known to those skilled in the art.
- the polymerization initiator can be n-butyllithium
- the polymerization can be carried out in a manner known per se, continuously or discontinuously, preferably continuously.
- the polymerization is generally carried out at temperatures ranging from 0°C to 110°C and preferably from 40°C to 100°C, or even from 50°C to 90°C.
- the polymerization process can be implemented in solution, in a more or less concentrated or diluted medium.
- the organic polymerization solvent is preferably an inert hydrocarbon solvent which may for example be an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon such as pentane, hexane, heptane, isooctane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane, methylcyclohexane or an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- an inert hydrocarbon solvent such as pentane, hexane, heptane, isooctane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane, methylcyclohexane or an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene, xylene.
- a polar compound preferably a compound belonging to the group consisting of diethers, diamines, tetrahydrofurans (such as THF), and tetrahydrofurfuryl ethers.
- diethers Preferably suitable as the diamine tetramethylethylenediamine.
- diethers are 1,2-diethoxyethane, 1,2-di-methoxyethane, tetrahydrofurfuryl ethers such as tetrahydrofurfurylethyl ethers, tetrahydrofurfurylpropyl ethers.
- Anionic polymerization generates elastomer chains having a reactive site at the end of the chain. These living chains, or living elastomers, then react on the modifying agent during the modification step.
- the modifying agent contains more than one reactive group with respect to the reactive site of the elastomer, in this case alkoxy or aryloxy groups or halogen atoms substituting the Z atom.
- the quantity of modifying agent of formula (II) intended to react with the living diene elastomer essentially depends on the type of modified diene elastomer desired.
- the molar ratio of reactive groups of the modifying agent of formula (II) with respect to the living elastomer, to the metal of the polymerization initiator is at least 0.05, preferably at least 0.10, more preferably at least 0.15, and at most 0.70, preferably at most 0.60.
- the molar ratio of the modifying agent of formula (II) to the metal of the polymerization initiator has a value in a range ranging from 0.20 to 0, 55.
- the conditions for adding and reacting the modifying agent of formula (II) on the diene elastomer are standard in terms of modification in anionic polymerization known to those skilled in the art. These conditions do not include any particular limitations.
- this reaction on the living diene elastomer can take place at a temperature between -20°C and 100°C, by adding the modifying agent to the living elastomer chains or vice versa.
- This reaction can of course be carried out with one or more different modifying agents.
- the organic solvent used during the step of modifying the diene elastomer by the modifying agent is the same as that used during the anionic polymerization step.
- the mixing of the living elastomer with the modifying agent can be carried out by any appropriate means, in particular using any mixer having static type stirring and/or any dynamic mixer of the perfectly stirred type known by the man of the trade.
- the latter determines the reaction time between the living diene polymer and the modifying agent, which can vary from a few minutes, for example 2 minutes, to several hours, for example 2 hours.
- the alkyl substituents present on the nitrogen atom are linear or branched and advantageously have from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. carbon, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 or 2.
- Suitable as alkyl substituents are methylamino-, dimethylamino-, ethylamino-, diethylamino, propylamino-, dipropylamino-, butylamino-, dibutylamino-, pentylamino-, , dipentylamino, hexylamino, dihexylamino, hexamethyleneamino, preferably diethylamino and dimethylamino groups.
- the alkoxy substituents are linear or branched and generally have from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or even 1 to 8, preferably from 1 to 4, more preferably 1 or 2.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(N,N-dialkylaminopropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(N,N-dialkylaminopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy group.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(N,N-alkyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(N,N-alkyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy group.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(N,N-bistrimethylsilylaminopropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(N,N-bistrimethylsilylaminopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy group.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(N,N-dimethylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-dimethylaminopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-diethylaminopropyl) trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-diethylaminopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-dipropylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-dipropylaminopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-dibutylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-dibutylaminopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-dipentylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-dipentylaminopropyl)trimethoxy
- the modifying agent of formula (II) is 3-(N,N-dimethylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(N,N-methyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-methyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-ethyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl) trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-ethyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-propyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-propyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)triethoxysilane.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) is 3-(N,N-methyltrimethylsilylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane.
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler is an isocyanate function.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(isocyanatopropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(isocyanatopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy. More preferably still, the modifying agent of formula (II) is 3-(isocyanatopropyl)dimethylaminopropyl)-trimethoxysilane and 3-
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler is an imine function.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from N-(l,3-dimethylbutylidene)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)-l-propanamine, N-(l,3-dimethylbutylidene)-3- (triethoxysilyl)-l-propanamine, N-(l,3-methylethylidene)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)-l-propanamine, N-(l,3-methylethylidene)-3-(triethoxysilyl)-l-propanamine, N-ethylidene-3-(trimethoxysilyl)-l-propanamine, N-ethylidene-3-(triethoxysilyl)-1-propanamine, N-(1-methylpropylidene)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanamine, N-(
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler is a cyano function.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(cyanopropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(cyanopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy. More preferentially, the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(cyanopropyl)trimethoxy silane and 3-(cyanopropyl)triethoxy silane.
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing charge is a function derived from thiol -SR, protected or not, R being a protective group or H. Mention may be made by way of example of (S- trialkylsilylmercaptopropyl)trialkoxysilanes and (S-trialkylsilylmercaptopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group on the silicon atom carrying the alkoxysilane groups being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy group.
- the alkyl group on the silicon bonded to the sulfur atom is the methyl or tert-butyl group.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from (S-trimethylsilylmercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, (S-trimethylsilylmercaptopropyl)triethoxysilane, (S-tert-butyldimethylsilylmercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, (S-tert-butyldimethylsilylmercaptopropyl) triethoxysilane.
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler is a carboxylate function.
- carboxylate function mention may be made of acrylates or methacrylates.
- Such a function is preferably a methacrylate.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(methacryloyloxypropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(methacryloyloxypropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy group .
- the modifying agent can be chosen from 3-(methacryloyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane and 3-(methacryloyloxypropyl)triethoxysilane.
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler is an epoxide function.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(glycidyloxypropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(glycidyloxypropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl or ethyl group and the alkoxy group being the methoxy or ethoxy group .
- the modifying agent can be chosen from 2-(glycidyloxyethyl)trimethoxysilane, 2-(glycidyloxyethyl)triethoxy silane, 3-(glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxy silane, 3-(glycidyloxypropyl)triethoxysilane, 2-(3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl)-ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)-ethyltriethoxysilane.
- the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler is a primary phosphine function, protected or not, secondary, protected or not, or tertiary.
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(P,P-bistrimethylsilylphosphinopropyl)trialkoxysilanes, 3-(P,P-bistrimethylsilylphosphinopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, 3-(P,P-alkyltrimethylsilylphosphinopropyl) trialkoxysilanes, 3-(P,P-alkyltrimethylsilylphosphinopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, 3-(P,P-dialkylphosphinopropyl)trialkoxysilanes and 3-(P,P-dialkylphosphinopropyl)alkyldialkoxysilanes, the alkyl group being the methyl, e
- the modifying agent of formula (II) can be chosen from 3-(P,P-bistrimethylsilylphosphinopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(P,P-bistrimethylsilylphosphinopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-
- modifying agent compounds such as tin tetrachloride, methyl tin trichloride, dimethyl tin dichloride, tin dichloride, dibutyl tin, tetrachlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane and dimethyldichlorosilane, tetraalkoxysilanes which are such that each alkyl group contains from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon, trialkylphosphites which are such that each alkyl group contains from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or triarylphosphites which are such that each aryl group contains from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, the aryl groups possibly being substituted by one or more alkyls in C1-C6; preferably substituted with one or more t-butyl groups.
- modifying agent compounds such as tin tetrachloride, methyl tin trichloride, dimethyl tin dichloride, t
- the elimination of the solvent in which the modified diene elastomer mixture and the plasticizing resin is found is carried out in the same way as that mentioned in the first variant of the process for manufacturing the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin.
- the resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to the invention may optionally be washed, dried and baled, in particular for its storage and subsequent use.
- extender oils are plasticizing oils chosen from the group consisting of naphthenic oils (low or high viscosity, in particular hydrogenated or not), paraffinic oils, MES (Medium Extracted Solvated) oils, TDAE oils (Treated Distillate Aromatic Extracts), RAE oils (Residual Aromatic Extract oils), TRAE oils (Treated Residual Aromatic Extract) and SRAE oils (Safety Residual Aromatic Extract oils), mineral oils, vegetable oils, preferably that comprising triglycerides, ether plasticizers, ester plasticizers, phosphate plasticizers, sulfonate plasticizers and mixtures of these compounds.
- the amount of extension oil added will always be lower than the amount of resin added in the solution-modified diene elastomer.
- the process for manufacturing the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin does not include the addition of a plasticizing oil before the removal of the organic solvent.
- Rubber composition comprising the modified diene elastomer extended with the resin
- the modified diene elastomer of the invention as defined above can be used in all rubber compositions, in particular those intended for the manufacture of semi-finished articles for tires. and tire manufacturing.
- Another object of the present invention relates to a rubber composition based on at least one resin-extended modified diene elastomer as defined above or obtainable by the process as defined above, a reinforcing filler and a crosslinking system.
- reinforcing filler known for its ability to reinforce a rubber composition that can be used in particular for the manufacture of tires, for example an organic filler such as carbon black, an inorganic filler such as silica or even a mixture of these two types of fillers.
- Suitable carbon blacks are all carbon blacks, in particular the blacks conventionally used in tires or their treads. Among the latter, mention will be made more particularly of the reinforcing carbon blacks of the 100, 200, 300 series, or the blacks of the 500, 600 or 700 series (ASTM D-1765-2017 grades), such as for example the blacks NI 15, N134 , N234, N326, N330, N339, N347, N375, N550, N683, N772). These carbon blacks can be used in the isolated state, as commercially available, or in any other form, for example as a carrier for some of the rubber additives used.
- the carbon blacks could for example already be incorporated into the diene elastomer, in particular isoprene in the form of a masterbatch or “masterbatch” (see for example applications WO97/36724-A2 or W099/16600-A1).
- reinforcing inorganic filler should be understood here any inorganic or mineral filler, whatever its color and its origin (natural or synthetic), also called “white” filler, “clear” filler or even “non-black” filler. as opposed to carbon black, capable of reinforcing on its own, with no other means than an intermediate coupling agent, a rubber composition intended for the manufacture of tires.
- certain reinforcing inorganic fillers can be characterized in particular by the presence of hydroxyl (—OH) groups at their surface.
- Suitable reinforcing inorganic fillers are in particular mineral fillers of the siliceous type, preferably silica (SiCh) or of the aluminous type, in particular alumina (Al2O3).
- the silica used can be any reinforcing silica known to those skilled in the art, in particular any precipitated or fumed silica having a BET specific surface area as well as a CTAB specific surface area, both of which are less than 450 m 2 /g, preferably comprised in a range ranging from 30 to 400 m 2 /g, in particular from 60 to 300 m 2 /g.
- any type of precipitated silica in particular highly dispersible precipitated silicas (called “HDS” for “highly dispersible” or “highly dispersible silica”).
- HDS highly dispersible precipitated silicas
- These precipitated silicas, highly dispersible or not, are well known to those skilled in the art. Mention may be made, for example, of the silicas described in applications W003/016215-A1 and W003/016387-Al. company Evonik, the “Zeosil® 1085GR”, “Zeosil® 1115 MP”, “Zeosil® 1165MP”, “Zeosil® Premium 200MP”, “Zeosil® HRS 1200 MP” silicas from Solvay.
- non-HDS silica the following commercial silicas can be used: “Ultrasil ® VN2GR” and “Ultrasil ® VN3GR” silicas from Evonik, “Zeosil® 175GR” silica from Solvay, "Hi -Sil EZ120G(-D)", “Hi-Sil EZ160G(-D)”, “Hi-Sil EZ200G(-D)”, “Hi-Sil 243LD”, “Hi-Sil 210", “Hi-Sil HDP 320G” from PPG.
- the reinforcing filler is mainly silica, that is to say that it comprises more than 50% by weight of the total weight of the reinforcing filler, of silica.
- silica as a reinforcing filler may require the use of a coupling agent to establish the bond between the filler and the elastomer. It is then possible to use as coupling agents organosilanes, in particular polysulphide alkoxysilanes or mercaptosilanes, or alternatively at least bifunctional polyorganosiloxanes. Such a coupling agent should not be confused with the modifying agent used for the synthesis of the modified diene elastomer described previously.
- the rubber composition according to the invention may also contain, in addition, coupling activators, filler recovery agents or more generally implementation aid agents capable in a known manner, thanks to an improvement in the dispersion of the reinforcing filler within the modified diene elastomer extended to the resin and to a lowering of the viscosity of the composition, to improve its ability to be implemented in the uncured state, these agents being for example silanes hydrolyzable such as alkylalkoxysilanes, polyols, polyethers, primary, secondary or tertiary amines, hydroxylated or hydrolyzable polyorganosiloxanes.
- coupling activators such as alkylalkoxysilanes, polyols, polyethers, primary, secondary or tertiary amines, hydroxylated or hydrolyzable polyorganosiloxanes.
- the rubber composition according to the invention may also contain, in addition, at least one plasticizer.
- this plasticizer is preferably chosen from resins with a high glass transition temperature (Tg), low Tg resins, plasticizing oils, and mixtures thereof.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the plasticizer is chosen from high Tg resins, plasticizing oils, and mixtures thereof.
- this resin may be identical to that used for the extension of the modified elastomer or may be of a different chemical nature.
- a high Tg resin is solid at room temperature (23°C and 1 atm)
- a plasticizing oil is liquid at room temperature
- a low Tg hydrocarbon resin is viscous at room temperature.
- the Tg is measured according to the ASTM D3418 (2008) standard.
- high Tg hydrocarbon resins are thermoplastic resins whose Tg is greater than 20°C.
- the preferred high Tg resins that can be used in the context of the invention are well known to those skilled in the art and commercially available.
- the plasticizer may optionally comprise a resin that is viscous at 20°C, a so-called “low Tg” resin, that is to say which by definition has a Tg comprised in a range between -40°C and 20°C.
- the plasticizer may also contain a plasticizing oil (or extender oil) which is liquid at 20°C, said to be at "low Tg", that is to say which by definition has a Tg of less than 20°C, preferably less at 40°C.
- a plasticizing oil or extender oil which is liquid at 20°C, said to be at "low Tg", that is to say which by definition has a Tg of less than 20°C, preferably less at 40°C.
- any extender oil whether aromatic or non-aromatic known for its plasticizing properties with respect to elastomers, can be used.
- plasticizing oils chosen from the group consisting of naphthenic oils (low or high viscosity, in particular hydrogenated or not), paraffinic oils, MES oils (Medium Extracted Solvates), TDAE oils (Treated Distillate Aromatic Extracts), RAE oils (Residual Aromatic Extract oils), TRAE oils (Treated Residual Aromatic Extract) and SRAE oils (Safety Residual Aromatic Extract oils), mineral oils, vegetable oils, ether plasticizers, ester plasticizers, phosphate plasticizers , sulfonate plasticizers and mixtures of these compounds.
- the rubber composition in accordance with the invention may also comprise, in addition, all or part of the usual additives and processing agents, known to those skilled in the art and usually used in rubber compositions for tires, in particular tread rubber compositions, such as non-reinforcing fillers, pigments, protective agents such as anti-ozone waxes, anti-ozonants chemicals, antioxidants, anti-fatigue agents, reinforcing resins (as described for example in application WO 02/10269).
- tread rubber compositions such as non-reinforcing fillers, pigments, protective agents such as anti-ozone waxes, anti-ozonants chemicals, antioxidants, anti-fatigue agents, reinforcing resins (as described for example in application WO 02/10269).
- the rubber composition according to the invention comprises at least one crosslinking system, for example based on sulfur and other vulcanizing agents, and/or peroxide and/or bismaleimide.
- the rubber composition in accordance with the invention is manufactured in suitable mixers, using two successive preparation phases well known to those skilled in the art: a first phase of work or thermomechanical mixing (so-called “non-productive” phase), which can be carried out in a single thermomechanical step during which all the necessary constituents, in particular the modified diene elastomer extended with the resin, are introduced into a suitable mixer such as a usual internal mixer (for example of the "Banbury” type) as defined above, the reinforcing filler(s), any other miscellaneous additives, with the exception of the crosslinking system.
- the incorporation of the reinforcing filler into the resin-extended modified diene elastomer can be carried out in one or more stages by thermomechanical mixing.
- the non-productive phase is carried out at high temperature, up to a maximum temperature of between 110° C. and 200° C., preferably between 130° C. and 185° C., for a duration generally of between 2 and 10 minutes;
- a second phase of mechanical work (so-called "productive" phase), which is carried out in an external mixer such as a roller mixer, after cooling the mixture obtained during the first non-productive phase to a lower temperature, typically less than 120°C, for example from 30°C to 100°C.
- the crosslinking system is then incorporated, and all of these ingredients are then mixed for a few minutes, for example between 5 and 15 min.
- the final composition thus obtained is then calendered, for example in the form of a sheet or a plate, in particular for characterization in the laboratory, or even extruded in the form of a semi-finished (or profiled) rubber that can be used by example as a tire tread for a vehicle.
- the composition can be either in the raw state (before crosslinking or vulcanization), or in the cured state (after crosslinking or vulcanization), can be a semi-finished product which can be used in a tire.
- crosslinking of the composition can be carried out in a manner known to those skilled in the art, for example at a temperature of between 130° C. and 200° C., under pressure.
- composition according to the invention can constitute any semi-finished product of the tire and particularly a tread.
- Another object of the present invention relates to a semi-finished rubber article for a tire comprising at least one crosslinkable or crosslinked composition as defined above.
- this semi-finished article is a tread.
- Another object of the present invention relates to a tire comprising at least one rubber composition defined above or a semi-finished article defined above.
- a subject of the invention is therefore finally a tire comprising a semi-finished article consisting wholly or partly of a composition according to the invention, in particular a tread.
- modified diene elastomer based on a plasticizing resin and a diene elastomer having a number average molecular weight before modification Mnl and a number average molecular weight Mn2 after modification, Mnl and Mn2 being measured by chromatography of triple detection steric exclusion
- the modified diene elastomer comprises branched chains and corresponds to the following general formula (I) in which :
- E represents a branch of the diene elastomer
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of P, Si and Sn;
- R1 represents, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl;
- R3 represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, saturated or not, cyclic or not, C1-C18, or an aromatic divalent hydrocarbon-based C6-C18 radical, preferably R3 is a C1-C10 alkanediyl;
- - Y represents a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge
- m is an integer being equal to 2, 3 or 4
- n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2
- p is an integer being equal to 0, 1 or 2
- q is an integer equal to 0 or 1
- the modified diene elastomer has an Mn2 greater than or equal to 200,000 g/mol and has an Mn2/Mnl ratio strictly greater than 1.00.
- Resin-extended modified diene elastomer any of the preceding embodiments in which the number average molar mass Mn2 is greater than or equal to 205,000 g/mol, preferably greater than or equal to 210,000 g/mol, more preferably still greater than or equal to 250,000 g/mol, more preferably still greater than 300,000 g/mol. 4.
- R 1 independently of each other represents in formula (I) a C1-C8 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C4 alkyl or C6 aryl; more preferentially still, Ri, independently of each other, represents a methyl, an ethyl or a phenyl substituted or not by one or more C1-C6 alkyls, more preferentially still Ri, independently of each other, represents a methyl, a ethyl or a phenyl substituted or not by one or more t-butyl.
- R3 represents in formula (I) a C1-C10 alkanediyl, preferably a C1-C6 alkanediyl, more preferably still propanediyl.
- Resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein in formula (I) the function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler comprises at least one heteroatom chosen from nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen and phosphorus.
- a resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein in formula (I), E is a branch of the diene elastomer, q is 0; Z represents a phosphorus atom, R represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6 aryl; R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl; m is an integer equal to 2 or 3; n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; p is an integer equal to 0 or let m + n + p 3 .
- a resin-extended diene elastomer according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein in formula (I), E is a branch of the diene elastomer, q is an integer equal to 1; Z represents a silicon atom; R1 is independently C1-C10 alkyl; R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl; R3 represents a C1-CIO alkanediyl; Y is a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge; m is an integer being equal to 2, 3 or 4; n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; p is an integer being equal to 0, 1 or 2; m + n + p + q 4.
- a resin-extended diene elastomer according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein in formula (I), E is a branch of the diene elastomer, q is an integer equal to 1; Z represents a silicon atom; R1 is independently C1-C4 alkyl; R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C4 alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl; R3 represents a C1-C6 alkanediyl, more preferably propanediyl; Y an amine function; m is an integer being equal to 2, 3 or 4; n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; p is an integer being equal to 0, 1 or 2; m + n + p + q 4.
- a resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the diene elastomer is selected from the group consisting of polybutadienes (BR), synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), butadiene copolymers and copolymers of isoprene and styrene (SIR), copolymers of isoprene and butadiene (B IR) and copolymers of isoprene-butadiene-styrene (SBIR).
- BR polybutadienes
- IR synthetic polyisoprenes
- SIR butadiene copolymers and copolymers of isoprene and styrene
- B IR copolymers of isoprene and butadiene
- SBIR copolymers of isoprene-butadiene-styrene
- the plasticizing resin is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic resins, aromatic resins and mixtures of these resins.
- Resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to any one of the preceding embodiments, in which the plasticizing resin has a number-average molar mass comprised between 400 and 2000 g/mol, preferably comprised in a range extending from 500 to 1500 g. /mol.
- Resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to any one of the preceding embodiments, in which the level of plasticizing resin is comprised in a range extending from 5 to 100 phr, preferably from 30 to 80 phr.
- a resin-extended modified diene elastomer according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the plasticizer resin is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene homopolymer or copolymer resins, dicyclopentadiene homopolymer or copolymer resins, resins of homopolymers or copolymers of terpene, resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C5 cut, resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C9 cut, mixtures of resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C5 cut and of resins of homopolymers or copolymers of C9 cut, resins of homopolymers or copolymers of alpha-methyl-styrene and mixtures of these resins.
- the plasticizer resin is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene homopolymer or copolymer resins, dicyclopentadiene homopolymer or copolymer resins, resins of homopol
- Z represents an atom selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn and P;
- T represents a halogen atom or an OR4 radical with R4 a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6-C12 aryl;
- R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl;
- R3 represents a saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or non-cyclic, C1-C18 divalent hydrocarbon radical, or a C6-C18 aromatic divalent hydrocarbon radical, preferably R3 is a C1-C10 alkanediyl;
- - Y is a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge; p represents an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; q represents an integer with value 0 or 1, r represents an integer with value 2, 3 or 4; provided that :
- the vinylaromatic monomer having 8-20 carbon atoms is selected from the group consisting of styrene, ortho-methylstyrene, meta-methylstyrene, para-methylstyrene, commercial vinyl-toluene mixture, para-tertiobutylstyrene, methoxystyrenes, chlorostyre
- a method of making a resin-extended diene modified elastomer according to any of the preceding embodiments 29-44, wherein in formula (II), q is 0; Z represents a phosphorus atom, T represents a halogen atom or an OR4 radical with R4 a C1-C10 alkyl or a C6 aryl; R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl; p represents an integer equal to 0 or 1; r represents an integer equal to 2 or 3 and r + p 3 . 51. A method of making a resin extended diene modified elastomer according to any of the preceding Embodiments 29 to 47, wherein in formula (II), q is equal to 1.
- a method of making a resin-extended diene modified elastomer according to any of the preceding embodiments 29 to 47, wherein in formula (II), q is an integer equal to 1; Z represents a silicon atom; T represents a halogen atom or an OR4 radical with R4 a C1-C10 alkyl; R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C10, preferably C1-C4, alkyl; R3 represents a C1-CIO alkanediyl; Y is a hydrogen atom or a function likely to interact with a reinforcing charge; p represents an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; r represents an integer equal to 2, 3 or 4; and r + p + q 4.
- a method of making a resin-extended diene modified elastomer according to any one of the preceding embodiments 29 to 48, wherein in formula (II), q is an integer equal to 1; Z represents a silicon atom; T represents a halogen atom or an OR4 radical with R4 a C1-C4 alkyl; R2 represents, independently of each other, a C1-C4 alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl; R3 represents a C1-C6 alkanediyl, more preferably propanediyl; Y an amine function; p represents an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; r represents an integer equal to 2, 3 or 4; and r + p + q 4.
- Semi-finished rubber article for tires comprising at least one crosslinkable or crosslinked composition according to embodiment 54, preferably the semi-finished article being a tread.
- a tire comprising at least one rubber composition defined according to embodiment 54 or a semi-finished article defined according to embodiment 55.
- the characteristics of the elastomers, resins, oils and compositions are determined according to the methods described above.
- n-Butyllithium (n-BuLi) is introduced in a sufficient quantity in order to neutralize the protic impurities brought by the various constituents present in the reactor inlet.
- the different flow rates are calculated so that the average residence time in the reactor is 20 min.
- the temperature is maintained at 90°C.
- a sample of polymer solution is taken.
- the polymer is then subjected to an antioxidant treatment with the addition of 0.40 phr of 2,2'-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and 0.2 phr of N-(1,3- dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
- the degree of conversion obtained at this stage is 95% by weight. It is determined by dry extract at 140° C. under reduced pressure of 200 mm Hg.
- the polymer thus treated is then separated from its solution by a steam stripping operation, then dried on a roller tool at 100°C.
- the polymer thus obtained is subjected to an antioxidant treatment with the addition of 0.4 phr of 2,2'-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and 0.2 phr of N-(1,3 -dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
- the polymer thus treated is then separated from its solution by a steam stripping operation, then dried on a roller tool at 100°C.
- the characteristics of the polymer obtained at this stage i.e. the final inherent viscosity, the final Mn, the final Mw and the final Ip, are given in table 2
- methylcyclohexane is continuously introduced at a mass flow rate of 32.40 kg. h 1 , butadiene at a mass flow rate of 3.07 kg. h 1 , styrene at a mass flow rate of 0.63 kg.h 1 and 49 ppm of tetrahydro furfuryl ethyl ether.
- the mass concentration of monomer is equal to 10% by weight.
- N-butyllithium is introduced in sufficient quantity in order to neutralize the protic impurities brought by the various constituents present in the reactor inlet.
- the different flow rates are calculated so that the average residence time in the reactor is 40 min.
- the temperature is maintained at 90°C.
- the polymer thus obtained is subjected to an antioxidant treatment with the addition of 0.4 phr of 2,2'-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and 0.2 phr of N-(1,3 -dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
- a homogeneous solution of functionalized styrene-butadiene copolymer in methylcyclohexane is obtained.
- a solution prepared from Escorez 5600 resin from Exxon at 70% by weight in methylcyclohexane is added to the elastomeric solution obtained previously in the amount of 50 parts per 100 parts by weight of elastomer.
- Mixing is carried out in a static mixer made up of 36 “Kenics KMR” type mixing elements.
- the unmodified elastomer/resin mixture in methylcyclohexane is then separated from the methylcyclohexane solvent by a steam stripping operation, then dried on a roller tool at 100°C.
- the characteristics of the resin-extended polymer obtained at this stage i.e. the final inherent viscosity, the final Mn, the final Mw and the final Ip, are given in Table 2.
- N-butyllithium is introduced in sufficient quantity in order to neutralize the protic impurities brought by the various constituents present in the reactor inlet.
- the different flow rates are calculated so that the average residence time in the reactor is 40 min.
- the temperature is maintained at 90°C.
- a sample of polymer solution is taken.
- the polymer thus obtained is subjected to an antioxidant treatment with the addition of 0.4 phr of 2,2'-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and 0.2 phr of N-(1,3 -dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
- the degree of conversion obtained at this stage is 91% by weight. It is determined by dry extract at 140° C. under reduced pressure of 200 mm Hg. The polymer thus treated is then separated from its solution by a steam stripping operation, then dried on a roller tool at 100° vs.
- the characteristics of the polymer obtained at this stage i.e. the initial inherent viscosity, the initial Mn, the initial Mw and the initial Ip, are given in Table 2.
- the polymer thus obtained is subjected to an antioxidant treatment with the addition of 0.6 phr of 2,2'-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and 0.2 phr of N-(1,3 -dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
- a homogeneous solution of functional and modified styrene-butadiene copolymer is obtained.
- a solution prepared from Escorez 5600 resin from Exxon at 70% by weight in methylcyclohexane is added to the elastomeric solution at a rate of 48 parts per 100 parts by weight of elastomer.
- the modified diene elastomer/resin mixture in methylcyclohexane is then separated from the methylcyclohexane by a steam stripping operation, then dried on a roller tool at 100°C.
- the characteristics of the resin-extended polymer D obtained at this stage i.e. the final inherent viscosity, the final Mn, the final Mw and the final Ip, are given in Table 2.
- polymer D The procedure used to prepare polymer D is followed to obtain polymer F except for the nature and quantities of each of the components which are modified. Also, there is no added styrene in the reactor. These quantities are mentioned in table n°l.
- Elastomers A to F have been used for the preparation of tread type rubber compositions, each comprising silica as a reinforcing filler.
- Zerosil 1165MP highly dispersible silica marketed by Solvay with a BET specific surface area of 160 m 2 /g and a CT AB specific surface area of 155 m 2 /g
- TDAE oil TDAE oil marketed by the company Klaus Dahleke under the reference “3VIVATEC500”
- compositions have, in the end, the same resin content, namely 61 phr.
- compositions are carried out, initially, by thermomechanical work, then in a second time, called finishing time, by mechanical work.
- thermomechanical work is carried out using pallets whose average speed is 50 rpm and whose temperature is 90°C.
- thermomechanical work is still carried out for two minutes, up to a maximum drop temperature of approximately 160°C.
- the mixture thus obtained is recovered, cooled and then, in an external mixer (homo-finisher), the sulfur and the sulfenamide are added at 30° C., while still mixing the whole thing for a period of 3 to 4 minutes (second time mechanical work).
- compositions thus obtained are then calendered, either in the form of plates (with a thickness ranging from 2 to 3 mm) or thin sheets of rubber, for the measurement of their physical or mechanical properties, or in the form of profiles that can be used directly, after cutting and/or assembly to the desired dimensions, for example as semi-finished products for tires, in particular for treads.
- crosslinking of these compositions is carried out at 150° C. for 40 min.
- control composition T2 exhibits tackiness properties lower than that of the control composition T1 which represents a rubber composition used as a tread.
- control composition T1 which represents a rubber composition used as a tread.
- the hysteresis properties are unchanged compared to the Tl composition.
- composition T3 has tacky properties lower than that of the control composition T1 with a lower extrudate quality but which remains acceptable for tread use.
- the hysteresis properties of composition T3 are unchanged compared to control compositions T1 and T2.
- compositions according to the invention containing such modified polymers resin-extended exhibit, relative to control compositions T2 to T3, both a significant reduction in tackiness properties and a significant improvement in hysteresis properties.
- the compositions of the invention C1 to C4 are on average half as sticky as the control compositions T2 and T3 (reduction of more than 50% in stickiness).
- the compositions C1 to C4 of the invention are therefore more easily processable and also make it possible to produce tires having improved rolling resistance compared to the control compositions.
- the C4 composition in addition to a better processability, also exhibits a better quality extradate compared to the control composition T1 and T3.
- compositions comprising a diene elastomer according to the invention, that is to say a functionalized or non-functionalized modified diene elastomer extended with the resin and having a high number-average molar mass exhibit properties of improved hysteresis as well as better processability without degradation of the quality of their extradats.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2100884A FR3119393B1 (fr) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Elastomère diénique modifié étendu à la résine |
| PCT/FR2022/050079 WO2022162292A1 (fr) | 2021-01-29 | 2022-01-14 | Elastomere dienique modifie etendu a la resine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP4284661A1 true EP4284661A1 (fr) | 2023-12-06 |
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| EP22709343.2A Pending EP4284661A1 (fr) | 2021-01-29 | 2022-01-14 | Elastomere dienique modifie etendu a la resine |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240117162A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4284661A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20230137986A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN116829371A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3119393B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022162292A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR3159555B1 (fr) | 2024-02-23 | 2026-01-16 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique comprenant une bande de roulement complexe comprenant des découpures pontées et inclinées |
| FR3159557A1 (fr) | 2024-02-23 | 2025-08-29 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique comprenant une bande de roulement complexe à interface endurante |
| FR3159556A1 (fr) | 2024-02-23 | 2025-08-29 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique comprenant une bande de roulement complexe résistante à l’usure |
| FR3161387A1 (fr) | 2024-04-18 | 2025-10-24 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique comprenant un sous-creux réduit et une bande de roulement silencieuse |
| FR3161386A1 (fr) | 2024-04-18 | 2025-10-24 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique à bonne adhérence sur sol mouillé et à grande longévité |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69622235T2 (de) * | 1995-10-04 | 2003-01-23 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin-Michelin & Cie., Clermont-Ferrand | Kautschukmischung basierend auf einem Dienpolymer mit von Organosilanen abgeleiteten Gruppen zur Verwendung in Reifenlaufflächen |
| BR9708412A (pt) | 1996-04-01 | 2000-10-24 | Cabot Corp | Aparelho, método e compostos de elastÈmero novos |
| CN100473684C (zh) | 1997-09-30 | 2009-04-01 | 卡伯特公司 | 弹性体复合共混料及其制备方法 |
| EP1311600A2 (fr) | 2000-07-31 | 2003-05-21 | Société de Technologie Michelin | Bande de roulement pour pneumatique |
| PT1419106T (pt) | 2001-08-13 | 2016-12-27 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Processo de preparação de sílicas, sílicas com distribuição granulométrica e/ou repartição porosa específicas e suas utilizações, em particular no reforço de polímeros |
| BR0211898A (pt) | 2001-08-13 | 2004-09-21 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composição de borracha diênica para pneumático, processo para preparar a mesma, utilização de uma composição de borracha, artigo semi-acabado de borracha para pneumático, pneumático, banda de rodagem de pneumático, e, processo para reforçar uma composição de borracha diênica destinada à fabricação de pneumáticos |
| FR2967680B1 (fr) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-11-30 | Soc Tech Michelin | Elastomere dienique a bloc pour des compositions de caoutchouc utilisables pour des pneumatiques |
| US11118036B2 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2021-09-14 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire |
| WO2017165499A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Caoutchouc étendu par résine et son procédé de préparation |
| FR3069550A1 (fr) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-02-01 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Elastomere etendu a la resine |
| US11279785B2 (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2022-03-22 | Bridgestone Corporation | Production method for copolymer, copolymer, rubber composition, and tire |
-
2021
- 2021-01-29 FR FR2100884A patent/FR3119393B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-01-14 US US18/274,746 patent/US20240117162A1/en active Pending
- 2022-01-14 KR KR1020237029454A patent/KR20230137986A/ko active Pending
- 2022-01-14 EP EP22709343.2A patent/EP4284661A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-01-14 WO PCT/FR2022/050079 patent/WO2022162292A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-01-14 CN CN202280012102.8A patent/CN116829371A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| FR3119393A1 (fr) | 2022-08-05 |
| WO2022162292A1 (fr) | 2022-08-04 |
| CN116829371A (zh) | 2023-09-29 |
| US20240117162A1 (en) | 2024-04-11 |
| KR20230137986A (ko) | 2023-10-05 |
| FR3119393B1 (fr) | 2023-01-13 |
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