EP4308792A1 - Piece de turbomachine composite formee d'une ame entouree par deux preformes fibreuses tissees 3d - Google Patents
Piece de turbomachine composite formee d'une ame entouree par deux preformes fibreuses tissees 3dInfo
- Publication number
- EP4308792A1 EP4308792A1 EP22713969.8A EP22713969A EP4308792A1 EP 4308792 A1 EP4308792 A1 EP 4308792A1 EP 22713969 A EP22713969 A EP 22713969A EP 4308792 A1 EP4308792 A1 EP 4308792A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibrous reinforcement
- outer skin
- central core
- face
- reinforcement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/282—Selecting composite materials, e.g. blades with reinforcing filaments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
- F05D2300/6034—Orientation of fibres, weaving, ply angle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of composite turbomachine parts formed of a central core surrounded by an outer skin.
- the present invention finds application in particular in the field of turbine engine blades, such as stator blades for example.
- the invention relates to a turbomachine part comprising a central core which comprises a first face and a second face opposite the first face, characterized in that the central core is surrounded on the one hand by a first skin external composite material comprising a first fibrous reinforcement woven according to a three-dimensional weaving located on the first face of the central core, and on the other hand by a second external skin made of composite material comprising a second fibrous reinforcement woven according to a three-dimensional weaving located on the second side of the central web.
- Such a part makes it possible to locally adapt the fibrous reinforcement to the local constraints of the part.
- such a part makes it possible to make thin edges.
- the first fibrous reinforcement and the second fibrous reinforcement have a different weaving pattern.
- the first fibrous reinforcement and the second fibrous reinforcement have a different size of strands.
- the first fibrous reinforcement and the second fibrous reinforcement have a different number of layers.
- At least one of the first fibrous reinforcement and the second fibrous reinforcement comprises a first portion with a first size of strands, and a second portion with a second size of strands.
- the part comprises a platform formed by at least one loose zone formed on the first fiber reinforcement or the second fiber reinforcement, said loose zone being curved so as to protrude from said part.
- a reinforcing ply is located on at least one of the first outer skin and the second outer skin, the reinforcing ply being a ply woven by two-dimensional weaving, or a ply woven by three-dimensional weaving, or a ply of unidirectional fibers.
- the part is a profiled part which comprises an extrados, an intrados, a leading edge and a trailing edge, the first external skin being arranged on the intrados, and the second external skin being arranged on the extrados.
- the first outer skin and the second outer skin join the leading edge and the trailing edge.
- At least one of the first outer skin and the second outer skin comprises a thickness which decreases at the level of the leading edge, and at least one of the first outer skin and the second outer skin comprises a thickness which decreases at the trailing edge.
- the first fibrous reinforcement comprises at least one of:
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a part according to any one of the possible characteristics comprising the following steps:
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a turbomachine part according to one possible embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 2 schematically shows a sectional view of a profiled part of a turbomachine according to a possible embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3A-3C Figures 3A, 3B and 3C schematically represent an embodiment of a preform of the part of Figure 1.
- Figure 4 schematically represents the different steps of a process for manufacturing a part according to a possible implementation of the invention.
- a turbomachine part 1 comprises a central core 2 which is surrounded by a first outer skin 3 comprising a first fiber reinforcement 31 densified by a matrix and a second outer skin 4 comprising a second fiber reinforcement 41 densified by a matrix.
- the first outer skin 3 and the second outer skin 4 are arranged on either side of the central core, thus the first outer skin 3 is located on a first face of the central core 2 and the second outer skin 4 is located on a second face of the central core 2 which is opposite to the first face of the central core 2.
- the turbomachine part 1 can be a part having a profiled section with a lower surface 11, a lower surface 12, a leading edge 13 and a trailing edge 14.
- the part may in particular be a rotor vane or a stator vane, such as for example a stator vane (also known by the acronym OGV for “Outlet Guide Vane”).
- the composite structure of the invention is particularly well suited for stator vanes.
- the first outer skin 3 and the second outer skin 4 are made of a composite material each comprising a fibrous reinforcement woven according to a three-dimensional weaving densified by a matrix, for example a filled or unfilled resin. More specifically, the first outer skin 3 is formed by a first fiber reinforcement 31 densified by a matrix, and the second outer skin 4 is formed by a second fiber reinforcement 41 densified by a matrix.
- three-dimensional weaving or “3D weaving”, we mean here a weaving for which warp yarns cross several layers of weft yarns, or weft yarns cross several layers of warp yarns.
- the central core 2 is made of rigid honeycomb material, that is to say, a material having a low density such as for example a foam or a honeycomb honeycomb structure.
- the central core can be made by molding or by machining in a block of rigid honeycomb material.
- the core is preferably devoid of composite material comprising a fibrous reinforcement woven according to a three-dimensional weave densified by a matrix in order to minimize the overall mass of the part.
- first outer skin 3 and the second outer skin 4 are distinct makes it possible to adapt the characteristics of the two outer skins 3 and 4 to the constraints encountered by each of the faces of the part 1.
- first fibrous reinforcement 31 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 can have a different weaving pattern, thus making it possible to adapt the weaving pattern to the local constraints encountered by the face of the part 1.
- the first fibrous reinforcement 31 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 can also have strands with different sizes, thus making it possible to locally increase the resistance of the part 1 while limiting the increase in the mass of the part 1.
- size of strand reference is made here to the thickness of the strands which make up the yarns of the fiber preforms 31, 41.
- the first fibrous reinforcement 31 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 can also have a different warp/weft ratio, thus making it possible to locally adapt the mechanical characteristics of the part 1.
- warp/weft ratio reference is made here to the ratio between the number of warp threads and the number of weft threads for each fibrous reinforcement 31, 41.
- the first fibrous reinforcement 31 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 can also have a different number of layers, again making it possible to locally increase the resistance of the part 1 while limiting the increase in the mass of part 1.
- number of layers reference is made here to the number of layers of weft threads or warp threads.
- first fibrous reinforcement 31 and/or the second fibrous reinforcement 41 can comprise a first portion with a first size of strands, and a second portion with a second size of strands different from the first size of strands. Both portions are 3D woven. A larger number of servings is also possible. It is also possible to use fibrous reinforcements in one portion.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C illustrate the formation of a preform for the production of part 1. More specifically, FIGS. 3A and 3C represent respectively embodiment examples of the first fibrous reinforcement 31 and of the second fibrous reinforcement 41 before their shaping. and impregnating them with a resin. FIG. 3B represents the assembly of the first and second fibrous reinforcements 31 and 41 on the central core 2 and their shaping so as to form a preform 100 of the part 1.
- the first fibrous reinforcement 31 comprises a first portion 31a with a first size of strands, and a second portion 31b with a second size of strands, the first size of strands being greater than the second strand size.
- the second fibrous reinforcement 41 also comprises a first portion 41a and a second portion 41b, but however the first portion 41a and the second portion 41b have strands of identical size. The fact of using fibrous preforms in two portions makes it possible in particular to form platforms on part 1, as will be specified later.
- the part 1 may include one or more platforms 5 formed on the first outer skin 3, and / or on the second outer skin 4.
- the platform or platforms 5 can for example be used to fix the part 1 in the turbomachine, or serve to delimit the air stream in the turbomachine.
- the platforms 5 can be formed by untied zones 51 of the fibrous reinforcements 31 and 41, these untied zones 51 being obtained by an unbinding zone 52 between the first portion and the second portion which form the fibrous reinforcement.
- the fibrous reinforcement also comprises a drop zone 53 formed only warp yarns and which is then cut in order to release the untied zone(s) 51 initially connected to said drop zone 53.
- the untied zone(s) 51 are bent towards the outside of the part 1 in order to form the platforms 5 once the fibrous reinforcement has been impregnated with a matrix precursor resin (FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the shaping of the untied zones 51 can in particular be carried out with the mold for densifying the fibrous reinforcements 31, 41.
- a reinforcing ply 6 can be deposited on the first outer skin 3 or on the second outer skin 4, or else both on the first fibrous reinforcement 31 and/or on the second fiber reinforcement 41 (not shown in Figure 3B).
- the reinforcing ply 6 makes it possible to locally improve the mechanical characteristics of the part 1.
- the reinforcing ply 6 can also make it possible to increase the resistance to erosion of the part 1.
- the reinforcing ply 6 is formed by a ply woven by three-dimensional weaving.
- the reinforcing ply 6 is formed by a ply woven by two-dimensional weaving.
- two-dimensional weaving we mean here a classic weaving mode by which each weft thread passes from one side to the other of threads of a single warp layer or vice versa.
- the reinforcing ply 6 is formed by sheets of unidirectional fibers (UD), which can be obtained by automatic fiber placement (AFP for "Automated Fiber Placement” according to the English expression), or by filament winding.
- UD unidirectional fibers
- AFP automatic fiber placement
- filament winding filament winding
- the first outer skin 3 is arranged on the intrados 11, and the second outer skin 4 is arranged on the extrados 12.
- the first outer skin 3 is more reinforced than the second outer skin 4.
- the first outer skin 3 and the second outer skin 4 join at the level of the leading edge 13 and at the level of the trailing edge 14, thus completely surrounding the central web 2.
- the first fibrous reinforcement 31 of the first outer skin 3 can comprise strands larger than the strands of the second fibrous reinforcement 41 of the second outer skin 4.
- the first fibrous reinforcement 31 of the first outer skin 3 can also comprise a number layers greater than the number of layers of the second fibrous reinforcement 41 of the second outer skin 4 and therefore be thicker.
- the first fiber reinforcement 31 of the first outer skin 3 has a lower warp/weft ratio than the warp/weft ratio of the second fiber reinforcement 41 of the second outer skin 4.
- the first outer skin 3 and/or the second outer skin 4 have a thickness which decreases at the level of the edge attack 13, as well as the first outer skin 3 and/or the second outer skin 4 have a thickness which decreases at the level of the trailing edge 14.
- both the thickness of the first outer skin 3 and second outer skin 4 decreases in order to refine the leading edge 13 and the trailing edge 14 of the blade.
- part 1 is manufactured according to the following process:
- first fibrous reinforcement 31 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 placement of the first fibrous reinforcement 31 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 around the central core 2 so as to surround said central core 2, the first fibrous reinforcement 31 being arranged and shaped against the first face of the core 2 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 being arranged and shaped against the second face of the central core 2.
- the first fibrous reinforcement 31 and the second fibrous reinforcement 41 can for example be glued to the central core 2.
- first fiber reinforcement 31 and of the second fiber reinforcement 41 densification of the first fiber reinforcement 31 and of the second fiber reinforcement 41 in order to form the first outer skin 3 and the second outer skin 4.
- the first fiber reinforcement 31 and the second fiber reinforcement 41 are densified by injecting a precursor material of the matrix, for example a resin filled or not, in the porosities of the fibrous reinforcements, then by polymerizing the precursor material.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2102688A FR3120910A1 (fr) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Pièce de turbomachine composite formée d’une âme entourée par deux préformes fibreuses tissées 3D |
| PCT/FR2022/050405 WO2022195192A1 (fr) | 2021-03-17 | 2022-03-07 | Piece de turbomachine composite formee d'une ame entouree par deux preformes fibreuses tissees 3d |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4308792A1 true EP4308792A1 (fr) | 2024-01-24 |
Family
ID=75539628
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22713969.8A Pending EP4308792A1 (fr) | 2021-03-17 | 2022-03-07 | Piece de turbomachine composite formee d'une ame entouree par deux preformes fibreuses tissees 3d |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240151148A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4308792A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN117120705A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3120910A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022195192A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116653314B (zh) * | 2023-05-31 | 2025-10-28 | 大连理工大学 | 一种三维增强夹心复合材料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6627019B2 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2003-09-30 | David C. Jarmon | Process for making ceramic matrix composite parts with cooling channels |
| GB0610372D0 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2006-07-05 | Smiths Group Plc | Blades |
| FR2939129B1 (fr) * | 2008-11-28 | 2014-08-22 | Snecma Propulsion Solide | Aube de turbomachine en materiau composite et procede pour sa fabrication. |
| US8105042B2 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2012-01-31 | United Technologies Corporation | Intermediate-manufactured composite airfoil and methods for manufacturing |
| FR2954271B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-02-17 | Snecma | Pale d'helice d'aeronef |
| FR2962175B1 (fr) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-08-10 | Snecma | Aube a longeron composite integre |
| FR2975037B1 (fr) * | 2011-05-13 | 2014-05-09 | Snecma Propulsion Solide | Aube de turbomachine composite avec pied integre |
| BR112014016859B1 (pt) * | 2012-01-09 | 2021-02-09 | Snecma | processo de realização de uma preforma fibrosa para a fabricação de uma pá de turbomáquina, preforma fibrosa de uma pá de turbomáquina, pá de ventoinha de turbomáquina e ventoinha de turbomáquina |
| US20140234114A1 (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-08-21 | Karsten Schibsbye | Wind turbine blade with asymmetrical spar caps |
| WO2014135798A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | Snecma | Insert fibreux destine a combler un espace vide d'une preforme fibreuse pour la fabrication d'une piece en materiau composite de turbomachine |
| FR3032648B1 (fr) * | 2015-02-16 | 2017-03-03 | Herakles | Procede de fabrication d'une aube de turbomachine en materiau composite |
| DK3362594T3 (da) * | 2015-10-13 | 2020-09-14 | Albany Eng Composites Inc | 3d vævede præforme med kanaler |
| FR3043355B1 (fr) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-12-22 | Safran | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en materiau composite comprenant un corps solidaire d'une ou plusieurs plates-formes |
| FR3055574B1 (fr) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-10-05 | Porcher Ind | Structure fibreuse et preforme 3d pour piece composite |
| FR3082854B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-09-11 | Safran Ceram | Structure fibreuse et piece en materiau composite incorporant une telle structure |
| FR3076814B1 (fr) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-01-31 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Aube ou pale d'helice composite avec longeron integre pour aeronef |
| FR3085417B1 (fr) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-12-04 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Aube comprenant une structure en materiau composite et procede de fabrication associe |
-
2021
- 2021-03-17 FR FR2102688A patent/FR3120910A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-03-07 CN CN202280022180.6A patent/CN117120705A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-07 EP EP22713969.8A patent/EP4308792A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-03-07 US US18/550,879 patent/US20240151148A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-07 WO PCT/FR2022/050405 patent/WO2022195192A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022195192A1 (fr) | 2022-09-22 |
| FR3120910A1 (fr) | 2022-09-23 |
| CN117120705A (zh) | 2023-11-24 |
| US20240151148A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
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