EP4334962A1 - Dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d'alimentation - Google Patents
Dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d'alimentationInfo
- Publication number
- EP4334962A1 EP4334962A1 EP22726751.5A EP22726751A EP4334962A1 EP 4334962 A1 EP4334962 A1 EP 4334962A1 EP 22726751 A EP22726751 A EP 22726751A EP 4334962 A1 EP4334962 A1 EP 4334962A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strands
- component
- antenna
- pair
- strand
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
- H01B11/1808—Construction of the conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
- H01B11/1895—Particular features or applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
Definitions
- TITLE Transition device between an antenna and a power unit
- the present invention relates to a transition device between an antenna and a feed unit.
- the present invention also relates to an associated assembly.
- Dual-polarized ultra-wideband antennas are used in many applications, especially in the field of surveillance. Antennas with very wide bandwidth are of particular interest for jamming or eavesdropping systems.
- Such antennas are powered by an electrical circuit through a transition.
- a first type of transition is based on excitation by a diver with a rear cavity of dimension -, l being the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted. Such a transition is simple to implement and relatively compact (depending on the frequency of the signal).
- this first type of transition depends on the frequency of the signal due to the rear cavity of dimension ⁇ 4, and is therefore limited in bandwidth.
- a second type of transition is based on the recombination of channels two by two phase shifted by -, l being the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted.
- the subject of the invention is a transition device between an antenna and a power supply unit, the device comprising: a. a first component capable of conveying a signal having a first polarization, b. a second component capable of conveying a signal having a second polarization, the second polarization being different from the first polarization, each of the first component and of the second component having an end, called the antenna end, intended to be connected to the antenna and an end , said supply end, intended to be connected to the supply unit, each antenna end being formed of a pair of conductive strands comprising a first strand forming a conductive core and a second strand forming a ground, each feed end being formed of a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed from the first strand and an outer conductor formed from the second strand.
- the device comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations:
- each of the first component and of the second component comprises a primary portion extending between the antennal end of the component and an intermediate section of the component, the two pairs of strands being separated from each other over the extent of the primary portion and the strands of each couple having a variable diameter over the extent of the primary portion;
- the spacing between the strands and the diameter of the strands of each pair over the extent of the primary portion are chosen so that the impedance of each pair of strands is substantially constant over the extent of the primary portion; - the spacing between the pairs of strands increases from the antennal end towards the intermediate section;
- the pairs of strands are spaced apart, the space between the pairs of strands being filled with a dielectric medium, the dielectric medium preferably being a solid medium;
- each of the first component and of the second component comprises a secondary portion between the intermediate section of the component and the supply end of the component, the second strand of each pair being deformed, from the intermediate section, over the extent of the portion secondary, so as to gradually surround the first strand of the same pair of strands to form a coaxial cable at the supply end;
- the device was made by additive manufacturing.
- the invention also relates to an assembly comprising an antenna and a transition device between the antenna and a power supply unit, the transition device being as described above.
- the assembly comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations:
- the antenna is an ultra-wideband antenna with dual polarization.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a transition device between an antenna and a power supply unit
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an example of a transition device
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation illustrating different sections of the transition device, the portion A corresponding to the antennal ends 24, the portion B corresponding to the progressive separation of two pairs of strands and to the variation of the diameter of the strands making it possible to compensate for the impedance variations resulting from this progressive separation, and the portion C illustrating the progressive deformation of one of the two strands of each pair so as to form two coaxial cables in the portion D corresponding to the supply ends,
- FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of sections of two pairs of conductive strands, each pair of strands comprising a first strand and a second strand, each pair of strands carrying a signal having a distinct polarization from the other pair of strands (polarization rectilinear horizontal for a pair and rectilinear vertical for the other pair), FIG. 4 illustrating the displacement of a pair of strands with respect to the other pair of strands,
- FIG. 5 is a schematic representation showing the progressive displacement of one of the pairs of strands of Figure 4 relative to the other pair of strands, Figure 5 illustrating in particular the evolution of the impedance of the one of the pairs of strands (the one associated with the horizontal rectilinear polarization) during the progressive displacement of this pair of strands relative to the other pair of strands,
- Figure 6 is a schematic representation similar to Figure 5 illustrating the evolution of the impedance of the other pair of strands (the one associated with the vertical rectilinear polarization) during the same movement, and
- Figure 7 is a schematic representation illustrating the variation in diameter of the strands of each pair of strands making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 when the pairs of strands are separated from each other.
- a transition device 10 between an antenna 12 and a feed unit 14 is shown in Figure 1.
- Antenna 12 is suitable for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic signal.
- antenna 12 is a dual-polarized ultra-wideband antenna (abbreviated in ULB).
- An ultra-wideband antenna is one for which the bandwidth to center frequency ratio is at least 20 percent.
- the power supply unit 14 is suitable for producing or receiving signals having a vertical rectilinear polarization V and a horizontal rectilinear polarization H.
- the power supply unit 14 comprises, for example, at least one coaxial cable.
- the transition device 10 is suitable for routing an electromagnetic signal between the antenna 12 and the power supply unit 14.
- the transition device 10 is, in particular, suitable for transmitting two polarizations of the same signal so as to increase information available for this signal.
- all of the components of the transition device 10 are made in one piece, that is to say form a single block.
- the transition device 10 has been produced by additive manufacturing, also called 3D printing.
- both the antenna 12 and the transition device 10 have been produced during the same additive manufacturing.
- the transition device 10 comprises a first component 20 and a second component 22.
- the first component 20 is capable of conveying a signal having a first polarization.
- the first polarization is preferably a rectilinear polarization along one direction. In the example illustrated by figure 2, the first polarization is a horizontal rectilinear polarization.
- the second component 22 is capable of conveying a signal having a second polarization.
- the second polarization is preferably a rectilinear polarization in a direction different from that of the first component 20.
- the second polarization is a vertical rectilinear polarization.
- Each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 is continuous, i.e. the signal is transmitted in each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 in an uninterrupted manner.
- each of the first component 20 and of the second component 22 extends linearly in one direction.
- each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 has a curved shape, such as a spiral shape.
- Each of the first component 20 and of the second component 22 has one end, called the antenna end 24, intended to be connected to the antenna 12 and one end, called the power supply end 26, intended to be connected to the power supply unit 14.
- the antenna end 24 and feed end 26 are of preferably only the two ends of each component 20, 22. These two ends 24, 26 being located opposite one another.
- the transition device 10 is connected to the power supply unit 14 via connectors for coaxial cables that directly connect to the power ends 26.
- the transition device 10 is connected to the antenna 12, for example, via the insertion of the antenna ends 24 into the antenna 12.
- the antenna ends 24 thus protrude into the antenna 12 which makes it possible to route the electromagnetic signal directly into the antenna 12.
- Each antenna end 24 is formed by a pair of electrically conductive strands comprising a first strand 30 and a second strand 32.
- a conductive strand is a filament made of a conductive material.
- the transition device 10 therefore comprises at least four conductive strands: the first strand 30 and the second strand 32 of the first component 20, and the first strand 30 and the second strand 32 of the second component 22.
- Each first strand 30 forms a conductive core.
- Each second strand 32 forms an electrical ground.
- Each feed end 26 is formed from a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed from the first strand 30 and an outer conductor formed from the second strand 32.
- Each supply end 26 is, for example, intended to be connected to the supply unit 14 via a connector for coaxial cables.
- each of the first and second component 22 comprises a primary portion 40 and a secondary portion 42.
- the primary portion 40 extends between the antenna end 24 of the component and an intermediate section 44 of the component.
- the intermediate section 44 is thus located between the power supply end 26 and the antenna end 24.
- the secondary portion 42 extends between the intermediate section 44 of the component and the power supply end 26 of the component.
- the primary portion 40 corresponds to a portion of the transition device 10 for which the two pairs of strands are separated from each other over the extent of the primary portion 40 and the strands of each pair have a variable diameter over the extent of the primary portion 40.
- the spacing between the pairs of strands is, for example, variable.
- variable spacing it is understood that the distance between the pairs of strands (for example the distance between the first strands or the second strands) varies (increases and/or decreases) over the extent of the primary portion 40 compared to the initial distance, i.e. say the distance to the antenna ends 24.
- the variation is, for example, constant. In a particular case, the spacing between the pairs of strands increases progressively by the same value.
- the spacing between the strands remains constant and the spacing considered is only the spacing between the pairs of strands.
- variable diameter it is understood that the diameter of the strands of each pair varies (increases or decreases) over the extent of the primary portion 40 with respect to the initial diameter, that is to say the diameter at the antenna ends 24.
- the diameter of the strands varies in the same way.
- the spacing between the pairs of strands and the diameter of the strands of each pair over the extent of the primary portion 40 are chosen so that the impedance of each pair of strands is substantially constant over the extent of the primary portion 40.
- substantially constant it is understood that the impedance does not vary by a value of more than 5% over the extent of the primary portion 40.
- variable diameter of each strand over the extent of the primary portion 40 has been chosen so as to compensate for the variations in impedance of each pair for the spacing considered between the pairs of strands.
- the strands are separated and the diameter of the strands also varies according to the spacing of the strands.
- the spacing between the strands from the antenna end 24 to the intermediate section 44 is for example between 13 millimeters (mm) and 20 mm.
- the variation in the diameter of the strands from the antennal end 24 towards the intermediate section 44 is, for example, between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm.
- the spacing between the pairs of strands increases from the antennal end 24 over the extent of the primary portion 40.
- the pairs of strands are gradually separated from each other. from the antenna ends 24, which then facilitates the formation of a coaxial cable in the secondary portion 42.
- the secondary portion 42 extends between the intermediate section 44 of each component 20, 22 and the supply end 26 of the component 20, 22.
- the second strand 32 of each pair is deformed over the extent of the secondary portion 42 so as to gradually surround the first strand 30 of the same pair of strands from the intermediate section 44 towards feed end 26 to form a coaxial cable to feed end 26.
- the spacing between the two pairs of strands does not vary and is constant over the extent of the secondary portion 42. This makes it possible not to generate additional variations in impedance.
- the spacing between the two pairs of strands varies over the extent of the secondary portion 42, and so does the diameters of the strands.
- Figure 3 illustrates different sections of the transition device 10, i.e. the first component 20 and the second component 22.
- portion A corresponds to the antenna ends 24 of each component 20, 22.
- Portion B corresponds to primary portion 40.
- the sections illustrated for portion B correspond to the progressive separation of the two pairs of strands and to a variation in the diameter of the strands making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance resulting from this progressive separation.
- Portion C corresponds to secondary portion 42.
- Portion C illustrates the progressive deformation of one of the two strands of each pair until said strand surrounds the other strand to form a coaxial cable (in between it is formed slotted coaxial line balun).
- Portion D corresponds to the feed ends 26, i.e. the section of the transition device 10 corresponds to two coaxial cables ready to be connected to coaxial connectors.
- the space between the pairs of strands is filled with a dielectric medium.
- the dielectric medium is preferably a solid medium, such as plastic. This allows better insulation of each pair of strands and, thus, a reduction in the space between the strands.
- the dielectric medium is air.
- the manufacturing process includes a step of supplying two pairs of strands, ie four strands in total.
- One of the pairs of strands is suitable for transporting a signal having a first polarization
- the other pair of strands is suitable for transporting a signal having a second polarization different from the first polarization.
- the manufacturing method comprises a step of determining a variable diameter for the strands of each pair as a function of a spacing of the pairs of strands with respect to an initial position of the pairs of strands with respect to each other.
- each pair of strands carries a signal having a different polarization from the other pair of strands.
- the spacing between the strands remains constant within the same pair of strands.
- the impedance of each pair of strands is measured or calculated.
- the measurement is, for example, carried out by an impedance measuring device.
- a curve representative of the impedance of each pair of strands is obtained as the separation progresses.
- the diameter of the strands of each pair is then determined so as to compensate for the impedance variations determined for each pair of strands.
- the impedance remains substantially constant with respect to the impedance of each pair at the initial position (antenna end 24).
- Figure 4 illustrates the spacing of a pair of strands carrying a signal having a horizontal rectilinear polarization with respect to a pair of strands carrying a signal having a vertical rectilinear polarization.
- Figure 5 illustrates the evolution of the impedance of the pair of strands carrying the signal presenting the horizontal rectilinear polarization during the separation of the pairs of strands.
- Figure 6 illustrates the evolution of the impedance of the pair of strands carrying the signal presenting the vertical rectilinear polarization during the separation of the pairs of strands. As visible in these figures, the impedance of each pair of strands varies due to the spacing of the pairs of strands.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the variations in diameters of the strands of each pair making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6.
- each strand of the first pair of strands has a diameter R1 H and each strand of the second pair of strands has a diameter R1 V.
- each strand of the first pair of strands has, on the sections shown, diameters R2H and R3H, and each strand of the second couple of strands presents, on the sections represented, diameters R2V and R3V.
- the manufacturing method comprises a step of manufacturing the transition device 10 so that the pairs of strands have the spacing determined over the entire extent (length) of said pairs of strands and that each pair of strands has the variable diameter determined over the extent of said strands.
- the manufacture is preferably carried out by additive manufacturing.
- a device is obtained made of the same material (plastic for example).
- the zones of the device corresponding to the strands and to the coaxial cables are then metallized so as to obtain the transition device 10.
- connectors for coaxial cables are inserted on the supply ends 26 of the transition device 10.
- the transition device 10 makes it possible to dispense with a resonant cavity. Indeed, only two routing components having at one of their ends two strands and at the other end a coaxial cable make it possible to make the transition. As a result, the transition is less limited in bandwidth. It also remains compact and losses are limited.
- Such a transition device 10 is particularly suitable for being produced by additive manufacturing. Such a manufacturing process is simple and has a reduced cost. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments and variants previously described can be combined to form new embodiments provided that they are technically compatible.
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- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2104620A FR3122522B1 (fr) | 2021-05-03 | 2021-05-03 | Dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unite d'alimentation |
| PCT/EP2022/061811 WO2022233846A1 (fr) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-05-03 | Dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d'alimentation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4334962A1 true EP4334962A1 (fr) | 2024-03-13 |
Family
ID=77913150
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22726751.5A Pending EP4334962A1 (fr) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-05-03 | Dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d'alimentation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4334962A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3122522B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022233846A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2872501A (en) * | 1955-06-30 | 1959-02-03 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Conductor having transpositions |
| US6542128B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2003-04-01 | Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag | Wide beamwidth ultra-compact antenna with multiple polarization |
| US6483464B2 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-11-19 | Harris Corporation | Patch dipole array antenna including a feed line organizer body and related methods |
-
2021
- 2021-05-03 FR FR2104620A patent/FR3122522B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-05-03 EP EP22726751.5A patent/EP4334962A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-05-03 WO PCT/EP2022/061811 patent/WO2022233846A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3122522B1 (fr) | 2023-05-05 |
| WO2022233846A1 (fr) | 2022-11-10 |
| FR3122522A1 (fr) | 2022-11-04 |
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