EP4347186A1 - Outil de broyage et procédé de production d'outil de broyage - Google Patents

Outil de broyage et procédé de production d'outil de broyage

Info

Publication number
EP4347186A1
EP4347186A1 EP22732046.2A EP22732046A EP4347186A1 EP 4347186 A1 EP4347186 A1 EP 4347186A1 EP 22732046 A EP22732046 A EP 22732046A EP 4347186 A1 EP4347186 A1 EP 4347186A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
belt
tool
abrasive
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22732046.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Seiler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lukas Erzett & Co Kg GmbH
Original Assignee
Lukas Erzett & Co Kg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lukas Erzett & Co Kg GmbH filed Critical Lukas Erzett & Co Kg GmbH
Publication of EP4347186A1 publication Critical patent/EP4347186A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/02—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery
    • B24D13/04—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery comprising a plurality of flaps or strips arranged around the axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0036—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for by winding up abrasive bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D9/00—Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
    • B24D9/006—Tools consisting of a rolled strip of flexible material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a grinding tool that can be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation and comprises a grinding belt, the grinding belt being wound spirally around the axis of rotation with several layers lying one on top of the other and having an abrasive layer on a belt side facing away from the axis of rotation. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing such a grinding tool.
  • US Pat. No. 4,625,466 A discloses a grinding wheel with a grinding belt which is wound around an axis of rotation.
  • the abrasive belt has an abrasive layer facing radially outwards and a foam layer radially on the inside.
  • the abrasive layer extends parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • the grinding wheel has a support plate to which the grinding belt is fastened with its peripheral edge aligned axially with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • US 2725693 A discloses an abrasive roll made from a strip of emery cloth rolled into a cylindrical shape around a small central mandrel, the abrasive roll being held together by a layer of adhesive extending at least part of the length of the abrasive roll.
  • the strip of emery cloth is rectangular in shape and is wrapped into a cylinder with the emery face out.
  • a circular groove is provided in the grinding roller, extending outwardly around the circumference of the grinding roller and indented inwards towards the central mandrel.
  • DE 37 17204 A1 describes an axially compressed circular disc-shaped laminated body made of fiber material that felts together made of metal fibers.
  • the layers are spirally wound layers of fiber strands.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing such a grinding tool with which a uniform grinding pattern can be achieved on the workpiece to be machined during a grinding process.
  • a grinding tool of the type mentioned in which the wound grinding belt is convexly curved in a longitudinal section along the axis of rotation relative to the axis of rotation (R) and the layers of the grinding belt are arranged radially interlocking.
  • the advantage is that the grinding tool continuously exposes fresh abrasive to the work surface on the workpiece to be treated.
  • the grinding belt is used up in the grinding process, since the individual layers of the grinding belt degrade from radially outwards to radially inwards during use, as a result of which the outer diameter of the grinding tool becomes smaller and smaller. Due to the radial interlocking of the layers of the grinding belt, however, at least a partial area of the grinding surface of the wound grinding belt, which grinding surface extends over the layers, is always exposed on an outer peripheral surface of the winding. This creates a consistently reproducible, even surface on the workpiece.
  • the grinding tool which can be driven in rotation, can be applied to the workpiece to be machined with the outer peripheral surface of the grinding tool, in particular the winding, due to the grinding surface facing away from the axis of rotation.
  • the grinding tool is therefore particularly suitable for working on welding and fillet welds as well as joints.
  • Each of the layers is formed by a longitudinal section of the abrasive belt, which extends over one of the windings of the wound abrasive belt.
  • the grinding belt is preferably a continuous belt material which can extend over all layers of the winding. In particular, all layers of the grinding belt are on top of each other; the sanding belt is almost rolled up.
  • a first layer begins at a first, radially outer end of the grinding belt and ends correspondingly with a first turn around the axis of rotation.
  • the last layer ends with a second, radially inner end of the grinding belt. Since the outer circumferential radius of the winding becomes smaller with each radially inner layer, the longitudinal belt sections of the grinding belt also become correspondingly shorter with each layer.
  • the abrasive belt is preferably wound around the axis of rotation in at least two and more preferably in at least ten layers. In particular, the winding has at least two and at most 150 layers of the abrasive belt.
  • the winding preferably has at least 3 and a maximum of 50 layers of the grinding belt and more preferably at least 5 and a maximum of 30 layers of the grinding belt.
  • the winding can be designed without a carrier, where the second, radially inner end of the grinding belt can run out at the axis of rotation, or in the center of the winding.
  • the winding can end at an inner circumferential circle, so that the winding can have a central, axially running recess into which a shank for connecting the grinding tool to a rotary drive machine or a supporting body for stabilizing and/or connecting the grinding tool to a rotary drive machine can be inserted cash or used.
  • the winding or the wound grinding belt forms a grinding section of the grinding tool.
  • the grinding belt has a profile geometry that is open to the axis of rotation.
  • the profile geometry preferably relates to the geometry resulting from a longitudinal section through the grinding belt along the axis of rotation.
  • the profile geometry along a belt length of the grinding belt has a U-shape at least in sections and/or a V-shape at least in sections.
  • the belt length of the grinding belt corresponds to the extent of the grinding belt over all layers or the distance between the two ends of the abrasive belt in the unwound state.
  • the profile geometry can also be L-shaped and/or W-shaped and/or C-shaped, at least in sections.
  • the profiling of the grinding belt can be produced, for example, by reshaping a belt-shaped blank.
  • the blank may be a planar abrasive such as a coated abrasive.
  • the abrasive belt to be wound up can also be provided in a correspondingly preformed form.
  • the radially inner layers of the grinding belt can have the V-shaped profile geometry, with the profile geometry being able to transition into a U-shape, in particular continuously, with each radially outer layer. It is advantageous that the outermost layer is U-shaped and the grinding layer of the outermost layer thus forms a ball-shaped, outwardly curved grinding-effective peripheral surface of the grinding tool.
  • the grinding tool can have a first main tool side and a second main tool side facing away from the first main tool side.
  • the grinding belt can be arranged axially between the first main tool side and the second main tool side with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the second main tool side can be a rear side or a side of the grinding tool facing the drive machine.
  • the grinding tool it is also conceivable and possible for the grinding tool to be clamped onto the spindle of the driving machine with the first main tool side facing the driving machine.
  • the grinding tool can have at least one stabilization layer.
  • the stability of the grinding tool and in particular of the grinding section can be improved.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can offer side or flank protection in order to prevent accidental scratching of the workpiece to be machined.
  • the grinding tool can be closed off at least in sections on its first main tool side and/or the second main tool side by one of the at least one stabilization layer.
  • the grinding belt can be attached to the at least one stabilization layer. As a result, the wound abrasive belt is fixed in a simple manner, which prevents unintentional rolling up or unwinding while the grinding tool is being stored or during the grinding process.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can have a layer thickness of at most 2 millimeters and/or at least 0.4 millimeters.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can, on the one hand, support the grinding belt in a sufficiently stable manner and, on the other hand, continuously degrade together with the grinding belt during the grinding process.
  • the layer thickness is preferably less than 1.5 millimeters and can more preferably be between 1.0 millimeter and 0.6 millimeter.
  • the grinding tool can have two of the stabilization layers, with the first stabilization layer facing the first main tool side and the second stabilization layer facing the second main tool side of the grinding tool.
  • a particularly stable grinding tool is provided by fixing the grinding belt axially on both sides. Labels or the like can be applied to the main tool sides of the grinding tool in a manner known per se, but these labels themselves have no influence on the grinding properties or the longevity of the grinding tool.
  • the at least one stabilization layer is a cohesive layer that can be inherently stable.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can expediently degrade when the grinding tool is used together with the wound-up grinding belt.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can overlap the grinding belt axially or extend over the grinding section of the grinding tool.
  • One of the at least one stabilization layer facing peripheral edge of the abrasive belt can with the at least one be connected stabilization layer.
  • the respective peripheral edge is formed at an axial end of the wound abrasive belt and follows the course of a spiral due to the winding of the abrasive belt. In this way, the grinding belt can be fixed at at least one of the two open axial ends.
  • the at least one stabilization layer means that a particularly thin grinding belt can also be used, which would tear during the grinding process without such lateral stabilization.
  • a particularly thin abrasive belt can, for example, have a paper backing on which abrasive grains are applied.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can have a binding agent that extends into the intermediate spaces formed between the layers of the abrasive belt in an edge region of the abrasive belt facing the respective stabilization layer.
  • the side of the belt facing away from the axis of rotation has the grinding layer, which can have a rough surface, and the side of the belt facing the axis of rotation can have a flat, smoother surface, the gaps between the adjacent layers are formed, into which the binding agent can penetrate during production of the grinding tool.
  • the at least one edge region of the grinding belt provided with the binding agent extends over as small a proportion of the axial extension of the grinding belt as possible in order to keep the grinding layer free over the largest possible area.
  • the advantage here is that the at least one edge region has no or hardly any grinding action and thus scratching of the workpiece is prevented if the grinding tool is accidentally placed with the respective main tool side on the workpiece to be machined.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can thus have a dual function, with the stability of the grinding belt being increased on the one hand and side or flank protection being offered on the other.
  • the axial extent of the respective edge area is less than 20 percent of the width, or the axial extent of the abrasive belt, and more preferably less than 10 percent of the width, or the axial extent of the abrasive belt, and even more preferably less than 5 percent of the width, respectively tive of the axial extent of the grinding belt.
  • the layers are preferably in contact with one another, at least in sections, without being connected. In other words, the layers are not glued to one another, at least in sections, and lie loosely against one another. This creates a consistently reproducible, even surface on the workpiece and improves the removal rate of the grinding tool.
  • the unconnected section can be a central grinding area of the grinding belt, which can adjoin the at least one edge area offset with the binding agent in the axial direction. If the grinding belt is fixed on both sides, the central grinding area can be formed accordingly between the two edge areas.
  • the central abrasive area of the abrasive belt extends over at least 60 percent of the axial extent of the abrasive belt, and more preferably can be between 70 percent and 90 percent.
  • the central grinding area of the outermost layer lies in the peripheral surface of the grinding tool. With increasing wear of the grinding tool, the circumferential surface shifts radially inwards.
  • the grinding tool can grind the workpiece to be machined with the outer peripheral surface of the grinding tool. This makes the grinding tool particularly well suited for working on welding and fillet welds as well as joints.
  • the binder can be resin or adhesive.
  • the binder in the grinding tool may have hardened. It is advantageous if the binder is thermally stable in the hardened state in order to withstand the tempera- tures that occur during grinding.
  • the binder can be a duroplastic.
  • a phenolic resin in particular can be provided as the binding agent, with another resin or another binding system also being able to be used, such as in particular epoxy resin, polylactide, also called polylactic acid, and their lactates, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof.
  • the binder can also be or include polymer foam.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can include reinforcement inserts that can be provided with the binder or embedded in the binder.
  • the reinforcing insert may include tissue and, for example, a Glass cloth or another mineral fiber cloth, a natural fiber cloth, a metallic cloth such as a wire cloth, or the like, or a combination thereof.
  • several of the reinforcement elements can also be arranged one on top of the other in the at least one stabilization layer.
  • non-crimp fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, paper, vulcanized fiber, plastic discs or other reinforcement materials can also be provided, which fulfill the function of stabilizing, fixing and/or reinforcing the grinding tool, in particular the wound grinding belt. This can also be done, for example, by (individual) fibers that can be added to the binder.
  • the binder of the at least one stabilization layer can be mixed with fillers.
  • the fillers can include, for example, quartz powder, amorphous silicon dioxide, rutile or the like.
  • the fillers are grinding-active and can include fluorides such as KBF4 or cryolite or substances that are useful in other ways for the grinding process, such as lubricants or anti-stick agents that reduce clogging of the grinding tool in the grinding process.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can include an abrasive or serve as a carrier for such an abrasive.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can, for example, comprise an abrasive disk, which can have a fabric backing.
  • the abrasive wheel can be a cut-off wheel, grinding wheel or the like, or a bonded abrasive.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can be used as a carrier for another grinding wheel, in particular a flap wheel or another of the aforementioned abrasive wheels.
  • the grinding tool can have a central support section which can adjoin the grinding section radially on the inside.
  • the wound abrasive belt can be arranged in the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation around the support section.
  • the grinding section preferably corresponds at least essentially to a ring section which is configured concentrically around the axis of rotation and has an inside diameter and an outside diameter.
  • the inner diameter of the grinding section corresponds to at least two-thirds of the outer diameter of the grinding tool and more preferably at least approximately five-sixths of the outer diameter of the grinding tool.
  • the grinding section is designed to be radially on the outside so that even when working off the radially innermost layers of the grinding belt, the rotary drive machine does not interfere or collide with the workpiece during the grinding process.
  • the grinding tool can have a central supporting body, in particular arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation, around which the grinding belt is arranged.
  • the supporting body can engage radially in the profile of the radially innermost layer of the grinding belt, which profile is open to the axis of rotation. This increases the stability of the grinding tool.
  • the supporting body it is also possible for the supporting body to be arranged radially outside the winding or to end with the radially inner end of the grinding section.
  • the support body can be arranged with respect to the axis of rotation at the level of the center of the grinding belt or can be arranged toward the second main tool side.
  • the grinding tool can be a grinding wheel.
  • the abrasive belt can be attached to the support body.
  • the grinding belt is attached to the supporting body by means of the at least one stabilization layer.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can thus axially overlap the grinding belt or extend over the grinding section and can at least partially extend over the supporting body. This prevents the sanding belt from becoming detached from the carrier body or rolling up during the sanding process.
  • the at least one stabilization layer can be ring-shaped.
  • the reinforcing insert can be designed accordingly as a circular blank, in particular with a central bore hole, which can be correspondingly impregnated with the binder.
  • the support section and/or the support body can be plate-shaped.
  • the support portion may have a first main body side and a second main body side facing away from the first main body side. Like the main tool sides, the two sides of the main body are spaced apart axially. Furthermore, the supporting body can have an outer peripheral edge, with the abrasive belt being arranged around the outer peripheral edge. Preferably, the supporting body terminates radially outwards with the outer peripheral edge. The supporting body can have a circular outer peripheral edge which can be arranged concentrically with the axis of rotation.
  • the abrasive tape may be spirally disposed around the outer peripheral edge and may be wound in the form of an Archimedean spiral.
  • the first, radially outer end of the grinding belt can run out at the outer periphery of the grinding wheel and the second, radially inner end of the grinding belt can run out at the outer peripheral edge of the supporting body.
  • this is the second end of the grinding belt and in particular the grinding belt as a whole is at least slightly spaced apart from the supporting body. Slight can mean that the distance between the second, radially inner end of the grinding belt and the carrier body is a maximum of 20 millimeters.
  • the grinding belt is connected to the supporting body only indirectly via the binder of the at least one stabilization layer and optionally via the binder of the supporting body.
  • the axial extension of the grinding belt is preferably greater than an axial extension of the supporting body. This provides a stable grinding wheel.
  • the transition between the grinding section and the central support section can be stepped or rounded.
  • the ratio of the maximum axial extent to the outer diameter of the grinding wheel is preferably less than 1 to 1.
  • the axial extent of the grinding wheel along the wound grinding belt can be a maximum of 50 millimeters and preferably a maximum of 20 millimeters.
  • the diameter of the outer circumference of the grinding wheel can preferably be greater than 95 millimeters.
  • the diameter of the outer circumference of the grinding wheel is in the range of 95 millimeters and 230 millimeters, and more preferably in the range of 95 millimeters and 160 millimeters and even more preferably in the range of 125 millimeters and 150 millimeters.
  • the diameter of the outer peripheral edge of the supporting body is smaller than the diameter of the outer periphery of the grinding wheel.
  • the diameter of the outer peripheral edge of the support body is about 15 percent to 50 percent, and more preferably at least about 25 percent to 40 percent, of the diameter of the outer periphery of the grinding wheel.
  • a centrally arranged and axially extending borehole for receiving a spindle of a drive machine for driving the grinding tool in rotation around the axis of rotation can be formed.
  • the support body can be offset in order to be able to accommodate a clamping nut for fixing the grinding tool on the spindle of a rotary drive machine in a central offset zone or in the lowered or axially set back area.
  • a threaded bush, a bore for example with a bore ring or another way of fastening the grinding wheel to the rotary drive machine, such as a bush, an X-Lock mount or the like can be arranged. in order to be able to attach the supporting body directly or indirectly via a separate support plate to the rotary drive machine.
  • the support body can also have a shank, in particular a permanently integrated shank, for connecting the grinding wheel to the drive machine.
  • the grinding tool can be a grinding sleeve, in which the grinding belt can be designed as an unsupported winding. Such a winding is also referred to as self-supporting or coreless.
  • the grinding sleeve can also have the central support body around which the grinding belt is arranged.
  • the ratio of the axial extent to the outer diameter of the grinding sleeve is preferably greater than 1 to 1.
  • it can also be designed as a pin-like carrier onto which the spirally wound abrasive belt of the abrasive sleeve can be plugged or plugged.
  • the tool body of the grinding tool can have vibration-damping properties.
  • the supporting body can serve to stabilize the grinding tool.
  • Suitable materials for the supporting body include glass fabric or linen, which can be provided with a binder, or materials made from wood pulp, cellulose, semi-cellulose or waste paper by gluing or pressing together, such as cardboard, or plastic, such as polyurethane, or rubber or similar.
  • the abrasive belt is preferably an abrasive on a backing, or an abrasive cloth.
  • the abrasive belt can be a fleece without abrasive grain and/or a fleece with abrasive grain, which can also be referred to as abrasive fleece.
  • the grinding belt is flexible.
  • the grinding belt can be wound as tightly as possible around the axis of rotation, so that the layers of the winding can lie closely on top of one another.
  • the grinding belt preferably has a constant width or axial extent over the length of the belt.
  • the grinding belt has the grinding layer only on the belt side facing away from the axis of rotation, which can also be referred to as the front side.
  • the abrasive layer extends over the entire surface of the front side of the abrasive belt.
  • the grinding layer can have grinding grains that can be embedded in a matrix or a binder.
  • the matrix can be a plastic or resin matrix, for example.
  • the majority of the abrasive grains can preferably be aligned in one direction, in particular perpendicular to the base of the abrasive belt. This can be done, for example, by electrostatic scattering, alignment in a magnetic field or by mechanical application methods.
  • the base can be a fabric base to which the grinding layer can be applied, in particular on one side.
  • the fabric base or the fabric backing can comprise natural fibers, synthetic fibers or a mixture thereof.
  • the backing can also be made of non-woven materials, for example non-woven fabrics, paper, scrims or other common backings in the field of coated abrasives, including vulcanized fiber, or abrasives that have been weakened or coated as desired.
  • the base can be designed to be as thin and/or weakened as possible in order to be able to degrade quickly in the grinding process.
  • the abrasive tool releases the abrasive layer onto the underlying layer more quickly, which means that fresh abrasive can be continuously exposed to the work surface on the workpiece to be treated.
  • the pad can only be thick enough to hold the abrasive layer on the backing.
  • such a thin backing may be paper or a thin woven or non-woven material having a thickness of, for example, less than 250 microns.
  • the base can also be weakened by perforations, slits or the like.
  • the substrate and/or the matrix or the binder of the grinding layer can be provided with grinding aids or be reinforced.
  • grinding aids like the fillers in the at least one stabilization layer, can include, for example, ground quartz, amorphous silicon dioxide, rutile or the like.
  • the grinding aids are grinding-active and can include fluorides such as KBF4 or cryolite or other substances that help the grinding process such as lubricants, for example sulfur compounds, or anti-stick agents that reduce clogging of the grinding tool in the grinding process, such as stearates.
  • the grinding belt is designed in one piece.
  • the grinding properties can be constant over the entire grinding belt.
  • the grinding belt can also have sections with different grinding properties.
  • the grinding belt can be composed of several profiled, belt-shaped sections. The sections can be glued together, for example. Due to the different sections formed one behind the other in the winding direction of the abrasive belt, different properties can be combined with one another.
  • radially outer layers of the abrasive belt can have a coarser abrasive grain and radially inner layers of the abrasive belt can have a finer abrasive grain.
  • the combination of different abrasive grain types and abrasive grain sizes can enable a universally usable grinding tool.
  • the combination of different supports and/or different grinding belts can open up a broader range of possible uses for the grinding tool. This can be an average higher grinding performance on different materials or a better appearance of the machined work surfaces on the workpiece, for example a finer surface, or better usability on rotary drive machines with low power.
  • the coarser the abrasive grain the greater the thickness of the abrasive is usually Abrasive belt, or the sub-belt. Accordingly, it is usually the case that the abrasive belt or the partial belt with a finer abrasive grain is thinner.
  • the grinding tool that has more coarse grain overall can have fewer layers than the grinding tool that has more fine grain in comparison. As a result, the grinding tool can be provided with a constant outer diameter, regardless of the abrasive grain.
  • the grinding tool can be designed to be driven in a driving direction of rotation. This can be stated on the label of the grinding tool, for example.
  • the direction of winding of the abrasive belt can correspond to the direction of rotation of the drive. This provides a more durable abrasive tool.
  • the direction of winding of the grinding belt can also be opposite to the direction of rotation of the drive. This increases the removal rate of the grinding tool, i.e. its aggressiveness.
  • the grinding tool has a single-layer winding, which comprises only one grinding belt, which is wound spirally around the axis of rotation with several layers lying one above the other.
  • the layers of the grinding belt wound up one on top of the other lie directly against one another, at least in sections. Abutting directly against one another at least in sections should include that if the grinding tool has the at least one stabilization layer, the binder for fixing the wound grinding belt to the at least one stabilization layer is in the spaces between the layers in at least one edge region of the grinding belt can be provided.
  • the grinding tool has a multi-layer winding with the grinding belt and at least one additional grinding belt, the grinding belt and the at least one additional grinding belt being wound around the axis of rotation in at least some sections in multiple layers lying one on top of the other and spirally with the several layers lying one above the other.
  • the abrasive belts lying one on top of the other are wound together around the axis of rotation, which results in the multi-layer structure.
  • Another grinding belt can be designed like the profiled grinding belt, so that reference is made to the above description here for the sake of abbreviation. In this way, abrasive belts of different types can be combined with each other in the abrasive tool.
  • the winding can in particular have two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or more than eight grinding belts from the at least one grinding belt.
  • the grinding belts form separate layers in the winding, with the grinding belts lying one on top of the other without being connected. It is possible for the grinding belts to be connected to one another at a radially inner end and/or at a radially further outer end. Furthermore, the at least one further grinding belt can have a shorter belt length than the grinding belt. As a result, the winding can have multi-layer layers and single-layer layers. In particular, radially inner layers are multi-layered and radially outer layers are single-layered. This gives the grinding tool different grinding properties that arise when the grinding tool is dismantled and the outer radius becomes smaller as a result.
  • the grinding belts can also be of the same length, so that the grinding belt and the at least one further grinding belt run out at the outer circumference of the grinding wheel and all of the layers are accordingly multi-layered.
  • the belt-shaped abrasive preferably has an abrasive layer on only one side.
  • the belt-shaped abrasive can be a flat abrasive.
  • the grinding means to be wound up can also already be provided with a preformed profile, so that it is convex in cross section in the direction of the grinding layer. In this case, the pressing of the rolled-up blank will cause the abrasive to buckle further than it has already been formed.
  • the method according to the invention results in the same advantages as have been described in connection with the grinding tool according to the invention, so that reference is made here to the above description for the sake of brevity. It goes without saying that all the configurations of the grinding tool mentioned can be transferred to the method and vice versa. Overall, the method according to the invention enables a simple and cost-effective setting up of a grinding tool, with which a uniform grinding pattern can be achieved on the workpiece to be machined during a grinding process.
  • the blank Due to the deformation of the originally flat blank in the form of a belt, the blank buckles or bends and gives the grinding belt the desired profile geometry.
  • the profiled grinding belt produced by forming can thus have a smaller axial extent than the width of the belt-shaped blank.
  • the profiled grinding belt can have an axial extent of approximately 10 millimeters and the belt-shaped blank can have a width of approximately 13 millimeters.
  • the coiled blank can be subjected to a compressive force acting along the axis of rotation in a press until the blank, in particular the base of the abrasive, yields and buckles. In the buckled state, the sanding belt obtains the required profile geometry.
  • the mold may have a floor on which the coiled blank is placed becomes.
  • the cylindrical wall supports the blank radially from the outside and prevents the winding from deflecting outwards, so that the blank can only buckle radially inwards during pressing.
  • the compressive force acts on the blank, in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation, or a longitudinal axis about which the cylindrical wall is arranged concentrically, until it buckles. As a result, the profile geometry that is open towards the axis of rotation can be produced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a grinding tool according to a first embodiment in a longitudinal sectional view along the line L-L shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 2 shows the grinding tool from FIG. 1 in a perspective view
  • FIG. 3 shows the grinding tool from FIG. 1 in plan view
  • FIG. 4 shows a label for the grinding tool in plan view
  • FIG. 5 shows a first reinforcing insert for the manufacture of the grinding tool in a plan view
  • FIG. 6 shows a rolled-up blank for the production of the grinding tool in a plan view
  • FIG. 7 blanks for the production of the grinding tool in a plan view
  • FIG. 8 shows a second reinforcing insert for the production of the grinding tool in a plan view
  • FIG. 9 shows a bore ring for the production of the grinding tool in a plan view
  • FIG. 10 shows a partial illustration of the grinding tool from FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale Longitudinal sectional view along the line XX shown in Figure 3;
  • FIG. 11 shows a grinding tool according to a second embodiment in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 12 shows a grinding tool according to a third embodiment in a cross-sectional view.
  • FIGS. 1 to 10 show a first embodiment of a grinding tool 1 according to the invention and are described together below.
  • the grinding tool 1 is designed as a grinding wheel and can be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation R.
  • the grinding tool 1 has a first main tool side 2 and a second main tool side 3 facing away from it, as well as a peripheral side 4.
  • the grinding tool 1 has a central support section 39 arranged concentrically around the axis of rotation R and a grinding section 6 arranged radially outside of the support section 39.
  • the support section 39 has a first main body side 7 and a second main body side 8 facing away from the first main body side 7 .
  • the support section 39 comprises a support body 5, which is formed in the shape of a plate, in particular by pressing.
  • the supporting body 5 is produced, here only by way of example, from two blanks 10, 11 which are superimposed and impregnated with resin and which are pressed together.
  • the two blanks 10, 11 are shown in FIG. 7 and can be fabric blanks.
  • the support section 39 has a recess 41 that is concentric to the axis of rotation R and has a central bore, in which, for example, a bore ring 12 for receiving a tool spindle of a rotary drive machine (not shown), for example a hand-held angle grinder, is inserted.
  • a rotary drive machine for example a hand-held angle grinder
  • the grinding tool 1 is placed on the tool spindle in a manner known per se and is fastened to the rotary drive machine by means of a spindle nut (not shown).
  • the spindle nut is then supported on the first main body side 7 of the support portion 39 and can be received within the Ver well 41 to prevent unwanted contact with the workpiece to be processed.
  • the grinding section 6 has a grinding belt 13 which is arranged as a winding around an outer peripheral edge 9 of the supporting body 5 .
  • the abrasive belt 13 is spirally wound around the axis of rotation R with a plurality of layers L1, L2, . . . This results in a one-layer winding. In principle, however, it is also possible for the winding to be constructed in several layers with a plurality of such grinding belts 13 .
  • Abrasive belt 13 is flexible and may be an abrasive on a backing 14 . As shown in FIG. 10, the grinding belt 13 has a grinding layer 16 on a first belt side 15 which faces away from the axis of rotation R and which can also be referred to as the front side.
  • the abrasive layer 16 covers the entire surface of the front side 15 of the abrasive belt 13.
  • the abrasive layer 16 has abrasive grains 18 embedded in a binder matrix 17, which are held on the base 14.
  • no further abrasive layer is applied to the abrasive belt 13 on a second belt side 19 facing away from the first belt side 15 , which can also be referred to as the rear side.
  • the grinding belt 13 is profiled in longitudinal section along the axis of rotation R and has a profile geometry that is open toward the axis of rotation R.
  • the layers L1 ... L18 of the grinding belt 13 are arranged radially interlocking, with a respective radially inner layer L2 ... L18 of the grinding belt 13 being axially covered in sections by an adjacent radially outer layer L1 ... L17 of the grinding belt 13 .
  • the profile geometry in longitudinal section can have a U-shape at least in sections and a V-shape at least in sections.
  • the first, radially outermost layer L1 has the U-shaped profile geometry and the radially innermost layers L2, L3, . . . L18 have the V-shaped profile geometry.
  • the peripheral side 4 of the grinding tool 1 is curved radially outwards.
  • the curvature is at its maximum in a central grinding area 20 of the grinding tool 1 .
  • the protruding central grinding area 20 lies at least essentially on a circumferential circle with a diameter that defines the outer diameter D1 of the grinding tool 1 .
  • the outer diameter D1 is larger than a maximum axial extension B1 of the grinding tool 1 that Grinding tool 1 in the grinding section 6 occupies.
  • the ratio between the axial extension B1 and the outer diameter D1 of the grinding tool 1 is preferably less than 1 to 1 and is, here only as an example, about 1 to 10.
  • the support body 5 has an axial extension B5, which is smaller than that axial extent B1 in the grinding section 6.
  • the support body 5 is thus set back axially relative to the grinding section 6, with the transition between the grinding section 6 and the support body 5 being stepped.
  • the grinding tool 1 is therefore particularly suitable for working on welding and fillet welds as well as joints.
  • the strip section of the grinding layer 16 that extends over the first layer L1 is exposed in the peripheral side 4 of the grinding tool 1 .
  • the more radially inner layers L2 . . . L18 are then completely covered by the first layer L1.
  • the grinding tool 1 is usually applied to the working surface of the workpiece to be machined with the central grinding area 20 .
  • the position L1 around the central grinding area 20 is processed first.
  • the belt section of the grinding layer 16 in the central grinding area 20 extending over the underlying layer L2 is already exposed.
  • the two outermost layers L1, L2 take part in the grinding process at the same time.
  • the peripheral side 4 of the grinding tool 1 loses its initially radially outwardly curved profile and then approaches a flat profile that extends essentially parallel to the axis of rotation R and continuously shifts towards the axis of rotation R.
  • the individual layers L of the grinding belt 13 work continuously from radially outward to radially inward, as a result of which the outer diameter of the grinding tool 1 becomes smaller and smaller. It can be seen in FIG. 10 that due to the nested interlocking of the individual layers L1 . In this way, fresh abrasive grain 18 is continuously released during the grinding process.
  • Abrasive belt 13 is a continuous belt having a first end 21 and a second end 22.
  • the first end 21 is located in the peripheral side 4 and the second end 22 runs out on the support body 5.
  • the grinding belt 13 has a constant width B over its entire belt length, or an axial extent that is constant with respect to the axis of rotation R.
  • the grinding belt 13 includes, here only as an example, three partial belts 23, 24, 25, which are arranged one behind the other in the winding direction and are connected or glued to one another. In principle, however, it is also possible for the sub-bands 23, 24, 25 to loosely adjoin one another. Furthermore, it is also possible for the grinding belt 13 to be a continuous grinding belt that has grinding properties that are constant over its length. The direction of winding is indicated by the arrow W in FIG.
  • the winding direction W is, here, in the same direction as a driving direction of rotation, which is indicated by the arrow A in FIG. In principle, however, it is also possible for the winding direction W to be opposite to the driving direction of rotation A, as a result of which the removal rate, ie the aggressiveness of the grinding tool 1, can be increased.
  • the sub-belts 23, 24, 25 differ from each other in their grinding properties.
  • the first partial belt 23 extends at least approximately over the belt section of the abrasive belt 13 forming the first layer L1.
  • the base 14 of the first partial belt 23 is made of paper, here only as an example, in order to achieve a rapid dismantling of the first layer L1.
  • the subsequent layers L2, L3 are formed by the second sub-band 24, in which the base 14 is made of a fabric, just as an example here.
  • the second sub-strip 24 is thus more resistant than the first sub-strip 23 and allows higher removal rates.
  • the layers L4 . . . L18 located further in the radial direction are formed by the third sub-band 25, the sub-layer 14 of which is also made of a fabric.
  • the third sub-band 25 has abrasive grains 18 with a finer grain size in order to enable fine grinding.
  • the grinding tool 1 initially allows a high removal rate at the start of the grinding process, while producing a uniform surface on the workpiece.
  • the fourth layer L4 and the other radially inner layers L5...L18 are reached, the removal rate of the grinding tool 1 decreases and the grinding pattern becomes increasingly fine.
  • the grinding belt 13 it is also possible for the grinding belt 13 to have grinding properties that remain the same over its entire belt length.
  • the grinding tool 1 has two, in particular annular, stabilization layers 26, 27, between which the grinding belt 13 and the support body 5 are held. The stabilization layers 26, 27 connect the grinding belt 13 to the supporting body 5.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the stabilizing layers 26, 27 completely overlap the grinding belt 13 and the supporting body 5 on both sides.
  • the support section 39 has a multilayer structure.
  • Each of the stabilization layers 26, 27 is a cohesive, inherently stable layer that can degrade together with the grinding belt 13 during the grinding process.
  • the stabilization layers 26, 27 have aligned central bore ments for receiving the bore ring 12, which extends through both stabilization layers 26, 27 and the support body 5 embedded between them.
  • the first stabilization layer 26 ends with the first main tool side 2 and the second stabilization layer 27 ends with the second main tool side 3 of the grinding tool 1 .
  • the stabilization layers 26, 27 extend over the grinding section 6 and at least in sections over the support body 5.
  • the stabilization layers 26, 27 each have a hardened binder 28 in which reinforcement inserts 29, 30, such as those in Figures 5 and 8 ge shown blanks made of fabric material, can be inserted or embedded.
  • the abrasive belt 13 is connected to the stabilization layers 26, 27 via the binding agent 28.
  • the grinding belt 13 has an edge region 31 , 32 with a peripheral edge 33 , 34 delimiting the grinding belt 13 at both axial ends. Due to the winding of the grinding belt 13, the respective peripheral edge 33, 34 follows the track of a spiral. It can be seen in FIG. 10 that gaps or spaces 35 can be formed between the individual layers L1 .
  • the binder 28 which is still flowable in the manufacture process, partially penetrating from the stabilization layers 26, 27 into the intermediate spaces 35 before it hardens there.
  • the edge regions 31, 32 provided with the cured binding agents 28', 28'' each have an axial extension B31, B32 of less than, here merely as an example, 10 percent of a width B13, or axial extension of the abrasive belt 13
  • the advantage is that the rest of the central grinding area 20 extending between the two edge areas 31 , 32 has an axial extent B20 which is correspondingly at least 80 percent of the width B13 of the grinding belt 13 .
  • the individual layers L1 ... L18 of the grinding belt 13 are not connected or loosely attached to one another.
  • the thickness of the grinding tool 1 corresponds to the axial extension A6, which is greater by the layer thicknesses of the two stabilization layers 26, 27 compared to the width B13 of the grinding belt 13.
  • Their layer thicknesses are at most 2 millimeters, with the binding agent 28', 28'' penetrating into the edge regions 31, 32 having no influence on the determination of the layer thicknesses.
  • the binding agent 28 can be arranged in a transition region 36 formed between the radially innermost layer L18 and the outer peripheral edge 9 of the supporting body 5 or have penetrated and hardened during the pressing process during the production of the grinding tool 1 .
  • the supporting body 5 can be arranged to engage in the profile geometry of the radially innermost layer L18, which is open towards the axis of rotation R.
  • an outside diameter D5 of the support body 5 can be larger than an inside diameter D6 of the grinding section 6 .
  • the grinding belt 13, in particular the radially innermost layer 19, thus encompasses the supporting body 5, here in a V-shape or accommodates it in a V-shape. This radial engagement further increases the stability of the grinding tool 1 .
  • FIGS. 4 to 9 Components of the grinding tool 1 are shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, as they can be provided before the grinding tool 1 is manufactured.
  • FIG. 4 shows a label 37 that can be glued to the first side 2 of the main tool. Information about the grinding tool 1 can be specified on the label 37 in a manner known per se.
  • the reinforcement insert 29 for the first stabilization layer 26 is shown in FIG.
  • the reinforcement insert 29 can be a circular blank made from a fabric material impregnated with the binding agent 28 .
  • the fi gur6 shows a blank 38 in the form of a belt-shaped abrasive on a backing, from which the profiled abrasive belt 13 can be produced.
  • the blank 38 is spirally wound with the abrasive layer 16 directed radially outwardly.
  • FIG. 4 shows a label 37 that can be glued to the first side 2 of the main tool. Information about the grinding tool 1 can be specified on the label 37 in a manner known per se.
  • FIG. 7 shows the two blanks 10, 11 made of fabric material impregnated with binding agent, from which the supporting body 5 is produced.
  • FIG. 8 shows the reinforcement insert 30 for the second stabilization layer 27, which can correspond to the reinforcement insert 29 shown in FIG.
  • the bore ring 12 is shown in FIG.
  • the second reinforcement insert 30 can first be placed in a mold (not shown) having a cylindrical wall and a bottom. Then the wound up blank 38 can be positioned in the mold on the lower reinforcement insert 30 while the radially outermost layer of the blank 38 rests against the cylindrical wall of the mold. Furthermore, who the two fabric rounds 10, 11 inserted into the center of the spirally wound blank 38 and then the upper reinforcement insert 29 is placed on the blank 38 wound up. Optionally, the label 37 can be placed on the upper reinforcement insert 29.
  • a pressure plate the outer diameter of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the cylindrical wall of the mould, is placed on the label 37 or the upper reinforcement insert 29 and the components for the grinding tool 1 placed in the mold are pressed under a compressive force acting along the axis of rotation R and Temperature pressed to grinding tool 1.
  • the coiled-up blank 38 yields to the compressive force, with the blank 38 only being able to buckle toward the center due to the radially outer support provided by the mold and the radially inner support provided by the fabric rounds 10, 11.
  • the blank 38 buckles in the radially inner layers in a V-shape and, above all, in the radially outermost layer L1 in a U-shape.
  • the buckled blank 38 forms the profiled grinding belt 13.
  • the buckling of the blank 38 can and may deform the outer peripheral edge 9 of the support body 5.
  • the mold may include chamfers on the top and bottom edges of the cylindrical wall.
  • the bottom of the mold can have a central elevation on which the tissue blanks 10, 11 for the supporting body 5 can be placed.
  • the binder 28 partially penetrates into the gaps 35 and into the transition area 36 and thus connects the abrasive belt 13 to the support body 5 in the hardened state.
  • a grinding tool 40 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in cross section relative to the axis of rotation R in FIG.
  • the grinding tool 40 differs from the grinding tool 1 described above according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, only in that the grinding tool 40 is designed without a carrier.
  • the grinding tool 40 can be a grinding sleeve with the grinding belt 13, which is wound around the axis of rotation R in several layers L1 . . . L7, here just seven as an example.
  • the radially inner, second end 22 of the grinding belt 13 terminates at an inner circle formed concentrically around the axis of rotation R.
  • a pin mandrel or mandrel can thus be used in the center of the grinding tool 40 in order to be able to connect the grinding tool 40 to the rotary drive machine.
  • a grinding tool 50 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown in cross section relative to the axis of rotation R in FIG.
  • the grinding tool 50 differs from the grinding tool 40 described above according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, in that the winding of the grinding tool 40 has a multi-layer structure.
  • the winding here only as an example, has eight layers, which are formed by the grinding belt 13 and seven other grinding belts 51, which together with the grinding belt 13 about the axis of rotation R in several, here only as an example, two layers L1, L2 are wound up.
  • the grinding belts 13, 51 can have the same or different grinding properties. In principle, however, it is also possible for the grinding belts to be of the same length or to differ in length from one another.
  • the multi-layer winding shown here in connection with the grinding tool 50 can be transferred to the grinding tool 1 in an analogous manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un outil de broyage (1 ; 40 ; 50) qui peut être entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation (R), comprenant : une courroie de broyage (13) qui est enroulée en spirale avec une pluralité de couches superposées (L) autour de l'axe de rotation (R) et comporte une couche de broyage (16) sur un côté de la courroie (15) opposé à l'axe de rotation, caractérisée en ce que la courroie de broyage enroulée (13) a une forme incurvée de manière convexe dans une section longitudinale le long de l'axe de rotation (R) par rapport à l'axe de rotation (R), et les couches (L) de la courroie de broyage (13) sont agencées de manière à s'engager radialement les unes dans les autres. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production de l'outil de broyage (1 ; 40 ; 50).
EP22732046.2A 2021-05-31 2022-05-27 Outil de broyage et procédé de production d'outil de broyage Pending EP4347186A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021114052.8A DE102021114052A1 (de) 2021-05-31 2021-05-31 Schleifwerkzeug und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schleifwerkzeugs
PCT/EP2022/064447 WO2022253711A1 (fr) 2021-05-31 2022-05-27 Outil de broyage et procédé de production d'outil de broyage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4347186A1 true EP4347186A1 (fr) 2024-04-10

Family

ID=82117318

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22732046.2A Pending EP4347186A1 (fr) 2021-05-31 2022-05-27 Outil de broyage et procédé de production d'outil de broyage

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20240261940A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4347186A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20240036516A (fr)
CN (1) CN117769480A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021114052A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022253711A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA202311645B (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE395192A (fr) * 1933-02-04
US2622377A (en) * 1950-02-13 1952-12-23 Field Albert Abrasive tool
US2725693A (en) 1954-12-15 1955-12-06 Smith Joseph Leigh Abrasive roll and method of making
US4625466A (en) 1983-08-19 1986-12-02 Sankyorikagaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Polishing wheel
DE3717204A1 (de) 1987-05-22 1988-12-15 Gottfried Baumann Aus fasermaterial, vorzugsweise metallfasern, bestehender kreisscheibenfoermiger koerper, insbesondere zur verwendung als schleif- und/oder polierscheibe sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung
CN2637102Y (zh) * 2003-07-11 2004-09-01 方雅典 砂布环轮
JP2007130695A (ja) 2005-11-08 2007-05-31 Hamai Co Ltd 平面研磨定盤
CN103846825A (zh) * 2014-03-07 2014-06-11 谢泽 一种基于纤维基体砂绳的涂附磨具、抛磨轮及其制法
DE102015011442A1 (de) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-02 Gerd Eisenblätter Gmbh Fächerschleifscheibe, Tragteller dafür und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
CN207058378U (zh) * 2017-08-17 2018-03-02 潘汉祥 一种新型耐油、耐水、高速抛光布轮机构
CN210879281U (zh) * 2019-11-04 2020-06-30 四川省三台县固锐实业有限责任公司 一种砂布抛磨轮

Also Published As

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DE102021114052A1 (de) 2022-12-01
CN117769480A (zh) 2024-03-26
ZA202311645B (en) 2025-04-30
US20240261940A1 (en) 2024-08-08
KR20240036516A (ko) 2024-03-20
WO2022253711A1 (fr) 2022-12-08

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