EP4348253A4 - H-ngal pour la détection de la péritonite - Google Patents
H-ngal pour la détection de la péritoniteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4348253A4 EP4348253A4 EP22815218.7A EP22815218A EP4348253A4 EP 4348253 A4 EP4348253 A4 EP 4348253A4 EP 22815218 A EP22815218 A EP 22815218A EP 4348253 A4 EP4348253 A4 EP 4348253A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ngal
- peritonitis
- detection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54386—Analytical elements
- G01N33/54387—Immunochromatographic test strips
- G01N33/54388—Immunochromatographic test strips based on lateral flow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
- A61M1/1619—Sampled collection of used dialysate, i.e. obviating the need for recovery of whole dialysate quantity for post-dialysis analysis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/28—Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5023—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures with a sample being transported to, and subsequently stored in an absorbent for analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/558—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56911—Bacteria
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/577—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor involving monoclonal antibodies binding reaction mechanisms characterised by the use of monoclonal antibodies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6863—Cytokines, i.e. immune system proteins modifying a biological response such as cell growth proliferation or differentiation, e.g. TNF, CNF, GM-CSF, lymphotoxin, MIF or their receptors
- G01N33/6869—Interleukin
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14507—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6866—Extracorporeal blood circuits, e.g. dialysis circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
- B01L2300/0627—Sensor or part of a sensor is integrated
- B01L2300/0636—Integrated biosensor, microarrays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0825—Test strips
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/46—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- G01N2333/47—Assays involving proteins of known structure or function as defined in the subgroups
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/52—Assays involving cytokines
- G01N2333/54—Interleukins [IL]
- G01N2333/5412—IL-6
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/26—Infectious diseases, e.g. generalised sepsis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/50—Determining the risk of developing a disease
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/70—Mechanisms involved in disease identification
- G01N2800/7095—Inflammation
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110605930.XA CN115480061A (zh) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | H-ngal用于检测腹膜炎 |
| PCT/CN2022/095940 WO2022253173A1 (fr) | 2021-05-31 | 2022-05-30 | H-ngal pour la détection de la péritonite |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4348253A1 EP4348253A1 (fr) | 2024-04-10 |
| EP4348253A4 true EP4348253A4 (fr) | 2025-06-18 |
Family
ID=84322816
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22815218.7A Pending EP4348253A4 (fr) | 2021-05-31 | 2022-05-30 | H-ngal pour la détection de la péritonite |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4348253A4 (fr) |
| CN (2) | CN115480061A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022253173A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117741165A (zh) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-03-22 | 浙江鼎创医疗科技有限公司 | 一种高特异性、高灵敏度hnl检测用胶体金免疫层析试纸条及其制备方法以及使用方法 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130177923A1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2013-07-11 | Bioporto Diagnostics A/S | Diagnostic use of individual molecular forms of a biomarker |
| CN105974128A (zh) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-09-28 | 吉林大学 | 一种人中性粒细胞载脂蛋白同源二聚体的定量装置 |
| US20180193546A1 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-07-12 | Medtronic, Inc. | Peritoneal dialysis fluid testing system |
| US20180356413A1 (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-12-13 | Mologic Limited | Diagnostic Test with Lateral Flow Test Strip |
| WO2022020760A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-27 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Système pour déterminer la péritonite en utilisant la lipocaline associée à la gélatinase neutrophile de type homodimère |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009063307A2 (fr) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-22 | Bio-Technology General (Israel) Ltd. | Procédé de détection de l'activité inflammatoire en utilisant l'il-6 |
| CN102759623A (zh) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-10-31 | 南京基蛋生物科技有限公司 | 一种检测ngal胶体金试纸条及其制备方法 |
| CN105891503A (zh) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-08-24 | 北京科美生物技术有限公司 | 用于检测嗜中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质(ngal)的胶体金免疫比色法试剂盒及其制备方法 |
| US11280788B2 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2022-03-22 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Rapid diagnosis of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients |
-
2021
- 2021-05-31 CN CN202110605930.XA patent/CN115480061A/zh active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-30 CN CN202280004351.2A patent/CN115715369A/zh active Pending
- 2022-05-30 WO PCT/CN2022/095940 patent/WO2022253173A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-05-30 EP EP22815218.7A patent/EP4348253A4/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130177923A1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2013-07-11 | Bioporto Diagnostics A/S | Diagnostic use of individual molecular forms of a biomarker |
| US20180356413A1 (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-12-13 | Mologic Limited | Diagnostic Test with Lateral Flow Test Strip |
| CN105974128A (zh) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-09-28 | 吉林大学 | 一种人中性粒细胞载脂蛋白同源二聚体的定量装置 |
| US20180193546A1 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-07-12 | Medtronic, Inc. | Peritoneal dialysis fluid testing system |
| WO2022020760A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-27 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Système pour déterminer la péritonite en utilisant la lipocaline associée à la gélatinase neutrophile de type homodimère |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| ANONYMOUS: "Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)", HYTEST TECHNOTES, 17 February 2020 (2020-02-17), pages 1 - 4, XP055850311, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://hytest.fi/sites/5cd13840ff4f702c0cbc4c8d/content_entry5cd13897ff4f702c0cbc4cb2/5e32b5bdff4f7006ce1deab7/files/NGAL_TechNotes.pdf?1583742319> [retrieved on 20211012] * |
| JONSSON N ET AL: "Performance of plasma measurement of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of bacterial infections in the intensive care unit", JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, vol. 53, 2 July 2019 (2019-07-02), pages 264 - 270, XP085754775, [retrieved on 20190702], DOI: 10.1016/J.JCRC.2019.07.001 * |
| MARTINO FRANCESCA KATIANA ET AL: "Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in the Early Diagnosis of Peritonitis: The Case of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin", CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY, vol. 178, 30 May 2012 (2012-05-30), CH, pages 258 - 263, XP055850586, ISSN: 0302-5144, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000337888> DOI: 10.1159/000337888 * |
| NASIOUDIS D ET AL: "Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and innate immune responses to bacterial infections", MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 204, no. 4, 26 February 2015 (2015-02-26), pages 471 - 479, XP035519662, [retrieved on 20150226], DOI: 10.1007/S00430-015-0394-1 * |
| See also references of WO2022253173A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4348253A1 (fr) | 2024-04-10 |
| CN115480061A (zh) | 2022-12-16 |
| WO2022253173A1 (fr) | 2022-12-08 |
| CN115715369A (zh) | 2023-02-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP4229626A4 (fr) | Détection d'hypertrucage audiovisuel | |
| EP4262267A4 (fr) | Procédure de détection améliorée | |
| EP4284951A4 (fr) | Détection de la présence ou de l'absence de multiples types de cancer | |
| EP3910376A4 (fr) | Système de détection de position | |
| EP4155762A4 (fr) | Capteur micro-lidar | |
| EP4348253A4 (fr) | H-ngal pour la détection de la péritonite | |
| EP4270053A4 (fr) | Système de capteur | |
| EP4168763A4 (fr) | Détection de dégradation de capteur de température à résistance (rtd) | |
| EP4065400B8 (fr) | Système de détection de fuites | |
| EP4307005A4 (fr) | Appareil de détection | |
| EP4074823A4 (fr) | Procédé de détection | |
| CA3288456A1 (fr) | Détection d'hypertrucage | |
| CA3283817A1 (fr) | Détection de proximité | |
| CA3299039A1 (fr) | Détection d'objet à ancrage ponctuel | |
| CA3299050A1 (fr) | Détection d'objet ancré dans une carte | |
| AU2020903928A0 (en) | Failure Detection | |
| AU2021902230A0 (en) | Methods for the detection of myeloperoxidase | |
| AU2020901226A0 (en) | Detection of SARS-CoV-2 | |
| AU2020901225A0 (en) | Detection of SARS-CoV-2 | |
| HK40084508A (en) | Improved detection assays | |
| HK40078543A (en) | Detection of larp1 | |
| HK40103043A (en) | Leak detection | |
| AU2020904243A0 (en) | Detection method | |
| AU2022300205A1 (en) | Level detection system | |
| HK40119996B (en) | Biocapacitance sensor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20240102 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20250520 |
|
| RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: B01L 3/00 20060101ALI20250514BHEP Ipc: A61M 1/16 20060101ALI20250514BHEP Ipc: A61M 1/28 20060101ALI20250514BHEP Ipc: G01N 33/68 20060101ALI20250514BHEP Ipc: G01N 33/569 20060101ALI20250514BHEP Ipc: G01N 33/543 20060101AFI20250514BHEP |
|
| RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: FRESENIUS MEDICAL CARE DEUTSCHLAND GMBH Owner name: FRESENIUS MEDICAL CARE HOLDINGS, INC. |