Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
  • B29C70/083—Combinations of continuous fibres or fibrous profiled structures oriented in one direction and reinforcements forming a two dimensional structure, e.g. mats
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/003—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised by the matrix material, e.g. material composition or physical properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
  • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
  • B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two-dimensional [2D] structure
  • B29C70/222—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two-dimensional [2D] structure the structure being shaped to form a three dimensional configuration
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/003—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised by the matrix material, e.g. material composition or physical properties
  • B29C70/0035—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised by the matrix material, e.g. material composition or physical properties comprising two or more matrix materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
  • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
  • B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
  • B29C70/205—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres the structure being shaped to form a three-dimensional configuration
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
  • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
  • B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two-dimensional [2D] structure
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/88—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
  • B29C70/882—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding
  • B29C70/885—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding with incorporated metallic wires, nets, films or plates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
  • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
  • D04B1/123—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material with laid-in unlooped yarn, e.g. fleece fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
  • D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B11/00—Making preforms
  • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
  • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
  • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
  • B29K2105/0809—Fabrics
  • B29K2105/0836—Knitted fabrics
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2305/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as reinforcement
  • B29K2305/08—Transition metals
  • B29K2305/10—Copper
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
  • B29K2995/0003—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
  • B29K2995/0005—Conductive
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/776—Walls, e.g. building panels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
  • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
  • B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
  • B64D45/02—Lightning protectors; Static dischargers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
  • D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
  • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
  • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
  • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
  • D10B2403/02411—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties with a single array of unbent yarn, e.g. unidirectional reinforcement fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/12—Vehicles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the walls / surfaces that must withstand lightning, to which they are likely to be exposed in a particular way. It therefore relates, for example, in this respect, to aircraft cabin parts.
• This anti-lightning function is usually dealt with in carbon/epoxy composites in several different ways, not mutually exclusive, but possibly cumulative. Although it is a good conductor, carbon is damaged by the passage of lightning, which lowers the performance, particularly the mechanical performance of the composite.
• a first way consists of adding a surface layer of weaving commonly referred to as "Ghent” fabric (copper / aluminum / bronze) (called in English “copper mesh” for example) generally of very low weight ( 50 - 300, in particular approximately 80 g/m 2 ), in expanded metal, in pierced foil (available in particular from the 3M Company), intended to distribute the electrical charges evenly over the entire surface.
• a second way consists in the addition of a solid foil of width between 1 and 15 cm and thickness between 0.05 and 1 mm, which can have the function of collecting the charges of the copper fabric and of evacuate to the other rooms, bound for the rear of the aircraft.
• a conductive layer is not possible, for example when the part must be radio-transparent as in the case of radomes, we use a diverter which can take the form of a tinsel. This has a lightning rod function, directly attracting lightning and evacuating the charges.
• the foil is positioned at the junction between two parts, constituting a screwed equipotential strip, the screw performing electrical conduction between the two parts.
• a third way consists in using composite materials with electrically conductive constituents in one of the two forms mentioned above, in thermosetting matrices.
• fabrics pre-impregnated with polymeric material are particularly common, in particular fabrics pre-impregnated with polymeric material (or “prepreg”). These fabrics are traditionally formed of weft threads and warp threads arranged perpendicularly, and conventionally have a planar structure.
• the fabrics are generally cut out and placed in a mold whose general shape corresponds to that of the part to be produced, the polymeric material (or resin) then being injected and polymerized in the mold in order in particular to give a rigid part.
• the draping of woven reinforcements on a mold is a long and delicate operation.
• thermosetting matrix in an electrically conductive composite has the disadvantage that the composite tends to absorb thermal energy, to degrade and to pierce.
• the aim of the invention was to provide an anti-lightning or lightning-resistant part, the surface of which can be of complex three-dimensional geometry, of manufacture and implementation easily industrializable, not having the drawbacks described above.
• the subject of the invention is a three-dimensional electrically conductive sheet consisting of an electrically conductive knit able to distribute the electrical charges homogeneously over its entire surface, characterized in that the knit comprises at least one continuous electrically conductive metallic yarn.
• the electrically conductive knit is obtained from at least one continuous yarn of electrically conductive material (which may be mono- or multi-filament(s) and/or formed from discontinuous fibers bonded for example by twisting or wrapping, or any other textile process ).
• the knitted fabric comprises one or more knitted or knitting yarns which may consist, from the point of view of their shape, of knit (loop) yarn(s), of filler yarn(s) (ripple), in float yarn(s) but not in weft yarn(s) (unidirectional).
• Different knitting techniques in particular circular or rectilinear make it possible in particular to obtain knits forming a unitary piece, in 2D or in 3D, without seams.
• thermoplastic polymeric material in the form of yarns or fibers mixed with the electroconductive yarns or fibers and to obtain a preform (intermediate/temporary form before the final) called "dry", containing both the material (s) electrically conductive (s) and the matrix.
• the knitted web of the invention is therefore advantageously made in the shape of the final piece, including three-dimensional complex.
• the invention provides ease of implementation and continuity of the electrically conductive fibers improving the electrical conductivity and the homogeneity of the distribution of electrical charges.
• the knit comprises at least one electrically conductive continuous yarn, in particular one to four yarns, for example four copper yarns 0.1 mm in diameter.
• the at least one electrically conductive wire is then metallic, such as copper, bronze, aluminum, brass, titanium, silver, gold or alloys thereof.
• the knit then comprises a single continuous metal wire such as copper 0.01 to 1 mm in diameter.
• the electrically conductive knit comprises at least one unidirectional electrically conductive UD yarn capable of displacing--evacuating the electrical charges in the direction of the UD yarn.
• Each UD yarn is a weft yarn.
• the electrically conductive UD wire(s) is (are) then metallic, such as copper, bronze or aluminum.
• the metallic UD wires consist of a bundle of twelve copper wires of 0.02 to 2 mm in diameter, or have an electrical conductivity of the same order as that of such a bundle. These UD wires therefore have the capacity to evacuate a large quantity of electrical charges corresponding to a lightning strike, possibly repeated.
• the electrically conductive knit comprises at least two different electrically conductive materials.
• the electrically conductive knit comprises 0 to 40% by volume of one or more reinforcing yarn(s) such as carbon fibre, glass or aramid.
• This or these reinforcing threads may for example be present in the form of one or more knit, filler and/or floated threads, and/or one or more weft threads added (s) in knitting in the form of unidirectional yarn(s).
• Another object of the invention consists of a composite material characterized in that it comprises a sheet as described previously, and 40 to 95% by volume of thermoplastic and/or thermosetting polymer material.
• the material composite (final product) is obtained from several constituents described in more detail below, among which a web described above comprising an optional addition of 0 to 60% by volume of thermoplastic and/or thermosetting polymer material, preferably exclusively thermoplastic (intermediate product).
• the polymer material can be exclusively thermoplastic or exclusively thermosetting.
• the thermoplastic polymer material may be integrated into the metallic knitted structure of the web in the form of one or more mesh, filler and/or float yarn(s) and/or one or more ) of added weft(s) in the knitting in the form of unidirectional yarn(s), for example.
• thermoplastic polymers examples include polycarbonate (PC), polyetherimide (PEI), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) , poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), alone or as mixtures or copolymers of several of them.
• the thermosetting polymer material can be integrated into the electrically conductive knit of the web by subsequent impregnation.
• thermosetting polymer material mention may be made of polyurethane (PU), epoxy resin, cyanate ester, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester.
• the polymer material advantageously comprises 100 to 5% by volume of thermoplastic material and 0 to 95% by volume of thermosetting resin.
• the metallic knitted structure has a continuity of the fibers improving the electrical conductivity, the distribution and the evacuation of the charges, it heats up less under the effect of lightning, and it is possible to constitute the polymer matrix exclusively of thermoplastic material, in the absence of thermosetting resin.
• An absence of thermoplastic material is possible, as already specified, but is not preferred. Indeed, a minor proportion of thermoplastic polymer in a predominantly thermosetting polymer material makes the polymer material weldable.
• the thermosetting material is less likely to be pierced with regard to reduced heating under the effect of lightning mentioned above.
• thermoplastic nature with a relatively high glass transition temperature Tg is sought, by using a thermoplastic polymer with a glass transition temperature greater than that of the thermosetting resin, in particular a Tg greater than 120°C, in order to guarantee heat resistance of the polymer matrix.
• thermosetting polymer material An absence of thermosetting polymer material is possible. If thermosetting polymer is present, its proportion by volume is preferably greater than that of the thermoplastic polymer material.
• the composite material of the invention is obtained by combining reinforcing fibers with a knitted electrically conductive sheet described above.
• the reinforcing fibers can thus be combined in the form of woven yarns, mats, optionally themselves previously combined with thermoplastic polymer materials, and/or preimpregnated with thermosetting polymer materials.
• the composite material is obtained by superimposing a knitted electrically conductive sheet according to the invention, and one or more knitted reinforcing thread(s).
• Each knit of reinforcing yarn(s) can also be previously associated with thermoplastic polymer materials, and/or preimpregnated with thermosetting polymer materials.
• the invention also relates to the use of a three-dimensional electrically conductive sheet or of a composite material described above to constitute the lightning-resistant wall of a land, water or air vehicle, or of a building, in particular a part of a train body, aircraft cabin or space vehicle.
• a composite is produced by adding side by side a “Ghent” copper fabric (called “copper mesh”) with a weight equal to 80 g/m 2 , intended to distribute the electrical charges evenly over the entire the surface, and a copper foil 10 cm wide and a few tenths of a mm thick, which has the function of collecting the charges from the copper fabric and evacuating them towards the rear of the aircraft, then by superimposing on the assembly thus obtained, part of the surface of which is made up of Ghent copper fabric and the other part of the surface is made up of copper foil, a layer of woven carbon fibers preimpregnated with resin epoxy. This material is very difficult to drape, all the more so in complex three-dimensional form. This material was pierced and delaminated at the first lightning strike.
• An electrically conductive knit is produced with one or more mesh, filler and/or float yarn(s) each consisting of a copper wire 0.1 mm in diameter and a thermoplastic polymer material integrated into the metallic knitted structure in the form of one or more knit, filler and/or float yarn(s) and/or one or more weft yarn(s) added to the knit in the form of yarn(s) unidirectional(s).
• This knitting is directly made to any desired three-dimensional shape, regardless of its complexity. It presents a continuity of its conductive threads/fibers.
• a three-dimensional electrically conductive knit is superimposed one or more reinforcing ply(ies) of the same three-dimensional geometry, and consisting of a fabric, a mat or a knit of reinforcing fibers such as carbon, glass or aramid, combined with a thermoplastic polymer material.
• a first example of a reinforcing knit is a Kevlar® (aramid) and thermoplastic knit, that is to say having one or more mesh, filler and/or float yarn(s) consisting of aramid on the one hand, thermoplastic on the other hand, in which are inserted several unidirectional carbon yarns UD and several unidirectional thermoplastic yarns UD as weft yarns.
• a second example of a reinforcing knit is a knit of glass and thermoplastic.
• a third example of a reinforcing knit is a carbon and thermoplastic knit.
• the composite material can be obtained in any desired three-dimensional complex shape, in one piece, with fiber continuity, after curing at a temperature above the Tg of the thermoplastic, and cooling.
• Example 1 The electrically conductive knit of Example 1 is modified by inserting therein twelve parallel unidirectional UD copper threads 0.2 mm in diameter as the weft threads of the knit. On this three-dimensional electrically conductive knit, the same reinforcing fabrics, mats and knits as in Example 1 are superimposed. Examples 3 and 4
• Examples 1 and 2 are reproduced, with the difference that the reinforcing fabrics, mats and knits are preimpregnated with liquid thermosetting resin in an amount such that the polymer material of the composite material constitutes at least 40% by volume, being distributed in a major part of thermosetting polymer and a minor part of thermoplastic polymer.
• Examples 1 and 2 are reproduced, but without using one or more reinforcing plies. Instead of these, the reinforcing function is integrated into the copper knit, by means of one or more mesh, filler and/or float yarn(s) and/or one or more unidirectional UD yarns as weft yarns, made of reinforcing fibers such as carbon, glass or aramid.
• Examples 5 and 6 are reproduced by impregnating the reinforced copper knit with liquid thermosetting resin in an amount such that the polymer material of the composite material constitutes at least 40% by volume, being divided into a major part of thermosetting polymer and a minor part of thermoplastic polymer.
• the function of uniform charge distribution over the entire surface by the copper knit is very effective: the paint was burned evenly despite at least four lightning strikes without destroying the copper knit, which still conducts the current evenly electric even after these impacts.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mathematical Physics (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2021
  • 2021-07-06 FR FR2107293A patent/FR3124973A1/fr active Pending
• 2022
  • 2022-06-22 CN CN202280047816.2A patent/CN117615901A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-06-22 WO PCT/FR2022/051221 patent/WO2023281180A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2022-06-22 CA CA3223958A patent/CA3223958A1/fr active Pending
  • 2022-06-22 US US18/576,683 patent/US20240308154A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-06-22 EP EP22744266.2A patent/EP4366937A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-06-22 MX MX2024000400A patent/MX2024000400A/es unknown
  • 2022-06-22 KR KR1020247000207A patent/KR20240029021A/ko active Pending
  • 2022-06-22 JP JP2024500260A patent/JP2024526648A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-06-22 IL IL309672A patent/IL309672A/en unknown

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