EP4389918A1 - Réglage de la teneur en carbone dans du fer à réduction directe - Google Patents

Réglage de la teneur en carbone dans du fer à réduction directe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4389918A1
EP4389918A1 EP23168511.6A EP23168511A EP4389918A1 EP 4389918 A1 EP4389918 A1 EP 4389918A1 EP 23168511 A EP23168511 A EP 23168511A EP 4389918 A1 EP4389918 A1 EP 4389918A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dri
carbon
hcl
bin
reducing gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP23168511.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Hiebl
Norbert Rein
Johann Wurm
Karl-Heinz Zellinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH filed Critical Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Priority to CN202380086866.6A priority Critical patent/CN120380173A/zh
Priority to JP2025536107A priority patent/JP2025541016A/ja
Priority to KR1020257020066A priority patent/KR20250125991A/ko
Priority to AU2023412494A priority patent/AU2023412494A1/en
Priority to EP23828734.6A priority patent/EP4638805A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2023/085654 priority patent/WO2024132797A1/fr
Priority to US19/139,449 priority patent/US20260043101A1/en
Publication of EP4389918A1 publication Critical patent/EP4389918A1/fr
Priority to MX2025007082A priority patent/MX2025007082A/es
Priority to CL2025001793A priority patent/CL2025001793A1/es
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0033—In fluidised bed furnaces or apparatus containing a dispersion of the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/004—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in a continuous way by reduction from ores
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0086—Conditioning, transformation of reduced iron ores
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces

Definitions

  • the application relates to a process for introducing carbon into directly reduced iron (DRI).
  • DRI directly reduced iron
  • iron oxide-containing material can be reduced by direct reduction with reducing gas in a reduction unit - for example in a fixed bed or a fluidized bed - at elevated temperature.
  • the solid product of direct reduction is called sponge iron or DRI (direct reduced iron).
  • DRI is further processed into pig iron or steel, for example, which involves melting, among other things.
  • DRI In addition to metallic iron, DRI also contains iron oxides.
  • the DRI contains carbon.
  • a carbon content of at least 1.5% by mass is aimed for, for example, for further processing. Further processing takes place, for example, in an arc furnace, a smelter, a SAF submerged arc furnace or a steelworks converter.
  • the carbon is used, for example, to provide chemical energy through gasification with oxygen, which can be used to heat or reduce iron oxides.
  • the carbon also helps to lower the melting point of an iron melt, which makes melting less energy-intensive.
  • the carbon is used for the residual reduction of iron oxide in order to minimize iron losses in the slag that is also created during melting.
  • melting without carbon-induced melting point depression is very energy-intensive, as this requires a higher temperature.
  • DRI is often compacted in a hot state - i.e. as HDRI hot direct reduced iron.
  • the product of compaction is called, for example, HBI hot briquetted iron when producing briquettes, or HCl hot compacted iron when producing DRI in a fluidized bed.
  • compaction to HBI or HCl helps to avoid yield losses due to dust losses or reoxidation losses.
  • the aim is to present methods and devices that allow the carbon content of DRI to be increased. This will reduce or avoid at least some of the existing problems mentioned during further processing.
  • the carbon is introduced into the DRI via at least one carbon carrier.
  • a carbon carrier is, for example, carbon in elemental form, but it can also be a carbon-containing compound or a mixture of different, at least partially carbon-containing, compounds.
  • the carbon carrier is solid. It is, for example, coke or anthracite, or - cheap because it is CO2-neutral - biogenic carbon or biological carbon.
  • DRI can be uncompressed or compressed.
  • HBI and HCl are special cases of the general term DRI; they refer to compressed DRI.
  • DRI the carbon content of which has been increased according to the invention
  • problems based on low carbon content in the DRI can be reduced or avoided.
  • less energy is required during melting because the melting point is lowered.
  • the need to add carbon during melting and the problems associated with this also decrease; any addition of carbon during melting that still takes place can be reduced by fine-tuning the carbon content in the melt and thus in terms of the extent of the effort and associated problems - for example, a charging system for charging carbon or carbon carriers during melting can be designed to be smaller.
  • the carbon is located near iron oxides in the DRI, which facilitates reduction by means of carbon. If slag is present during melting, iron losses into the slag can be reduced as a result by the absorption of FeO into the slag.
  • the DRI is a carbon-free or low-carbon product of a direct reduction with reducing gas.
  • DRI is low-carbon according to the present application if its carbon content is below 1.5 mass%.
  • the reducing gas contains hydrogen H2 as a reducing component, wherein the hydrogen content in volume % is greater than that of any of the other reducing components of the reducing gas that may be present - preferably, the reducing gas contains hydrogen H2 to at least 50 volume % and particularly preferably to more than 50 volume %.
  • the formulation that the reducing gas contains hydrogen H2 as a reducing component includes that the reducing gas consists of hydrogen.
  • reducing gas In addition to hydrogen, other components of the reducing gas can also be present in the reducing gas; these can be reducing components.
  • Other reducing components of the reducing gas are, for example, carbon monoxide CO or hydrocarbons.
  • the reducing gas contains ammonia NH3 as a reducing component, wherein the ammonia content is preferably at least 5% by volume, and particularly preferably more than 5% by volume.
  • the formulation that the reducing gas contains ammonia NH3 as a reducing component also includes the fact that the reducing gas consists of ammonia.
  • reducing gas in addition to ammonia NH3, other components of the reducing gas can also be present in the reducing gas; these can be reducing components.
  • Other reducing components of the reducing gas are, for example, carbon monoxide CO or hydrocarbons.
  • the DRI is an HDRI.
  • the DRI is densified.
  • the densification can, for example, be compaction to HCl; this is preferred, for example, if the DRI was produced by means of a fluidized bed process or a fluidized bed process for direct reduction.
  • HDRI is transported - preferably from the direct reduction unit - via a conveyor device - also called a riser - into a storage vessel, a so-called HDRI bin. From there it is supplied to a compacting device - such as a compacting press - via a supply line containing, for example, a screw bunker.
  • the carbon is finely distributed in the HCl; when the HCl is melted in a melting unit, it is positioned close to the FeO to be reduced, which facilitates the residual reduction of FeO.
  • a fine distribution of carbon in HCl is also beneficial for lowering the melting point.
  • HCl is added to a melting unit to melt the HCl, wherein the HCl is introduced into the melting unit via an HCl container - also called an HCl bin - and solid carbon carrier is added to the HCl bin.
  • a melter, EAF, OSBF or SAF melts at least partially using electrical energy.
  • a converter vessel is, for example, a steelworks converter for steel production.
  • Additives that are used, for example, to adjust the desired slag during melting - for example, to adjust the desired basicity of the slag - can be added to the melting unit. They can also be added to the direct reduction unit from which the DRI is obtained - in this case they are contained in the DRI. Addition of additives during melting is preferably used to fine-tune the amount of additive during melting.
  • Fig. 1 schematically the implementation of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG 1 shows a direct reduction unit 10 in which DRI 20 is produced.
  • This can, for example, be a direct reduction unit with several fluidized bed reactors, which are preferably operated with hydrogen as the predominant reducing component of the reducing gas.
  • the product of the direct reduction in direct reduction unit 10 is DRI 20, in the case shown the DRI 20 is HDRI, which is low in carbon due to the choice of reducing gas - it therefore contains less than 1.5% carbon by mass.
  • HCl is added to a melting unit 80 - here a melter - to melt the HCl.
  • HCl is fed into the melting unit 80 via an HCl bin 90.
  • solid carbon carrier - represented by a wavy arrow - is added to the HCl bin 90.
  • Addition of additives - represented by jagged arrows - can take place in the feed line to the HCl bin 90, in the HCl bin 90, directly into a melting unit 80 and/or into the direct reduction unit 10.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
EP23168511.6A 2022-12-19 2023-04-18 Réglage de la teneur en carbone dans du fer à réduction directe Withdrawn EP4389918A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202380086866.6A CN120380173A (zh) 2022-12-19 2023-12-13 调节直接还原铁中的碳含量
JP2025536107A JP2025541016A (ja) 2022-12-19 2023-12-13 直接還元鉄における炭素含有量の調整
KR1020257020066A KR20250125991A (ko) 2022-12-19 2023-12-13 직접 환원 철 내의 탄소 함량 조절
AU2023412494A AU2023412494A1 (en) 2022-12-19 2023-12-13 Adjusting carbon content in direct reduced iron
EP23828734.6A EP4638805A1 (fr) 2022-12-19 2023-12-13 Ajustement de la teneur en carbone dans du fer à réduction directe
PCT/EP2023/085654 WO2024132797A1 (fr) 2022-12-19 2023-12-13 Ajustement de la teneur en carbone dans du fer à réduction directe
US19/139,449 US20260043101A1 (en) 2022-12-19 2023-12-13 Adjusting carbon content in direct reduced iron
MX2025007082A MX2025007082A (es) 2022-12-19 2025-06-17 Ajuste del contenido de carbono en el hierro de reduccion directa
CL2025001793A CL2025001793A1 (es) 2022-12-19 2025-06-17 Ajuste del contenido de carbono en el hierro de reducción directa

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22214537 2022-12-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4389918A1 true EP4389918A1 (fr) 2024-06-26

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ID=84537954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23168511.6A Withdrawn EP4389918A1 (fr) 2022-12-19 2023-04-18 Réglage de la teneur en carbone dans du fer à réduction directe

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP4389918A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3581663A1 (fr) * 2018-06-12 2019-12-18 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Fabrication d'éponge de fer carburé par réduction directe à base d'hydrogène
CN112921143A (zh) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-08 辽宁科技大学 一种基于氨气直接还原铁生产热态海绵铁的方法
WO2021225500A1 (fr) * 2020-05-04 2021-11-11 Hybrit Development Ab Procédé de production de fer cémenté
DE102020116425A1 (de) * 2020-06-22 2021-12-23 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohstahl mit niedrigem N-Gehalt

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3581663A1 (fr) * 2018-06-12 2019-12-18 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Fabrication d'éponge de fer carburé par réduction directe à base d'hydrogène
WO2021225500A1 (fr) * 2020-05-04 2021-11-11 Hybrit Development Ab Procédé de production de fer cémenté
DE102020116425A1 (de) * 2020-06-22 2021-12-23 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohstahl mit niedrigem N-Gehalt
CN112921143A (zh) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-08 辽宁科技大学 一种基于氨气直接还原铁生产热态海绵铁的方法

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